JP2013081441A - Artificial mineral feed material - Google Patents

Abstract

【the purpose】
The present invention uses a mixture containing a mineral-containing substance and an ion-exchange substance as an artificial mineral supply material, and adsorbs the mineral content eluted from the mineral-containing substance with the ion-exchange substance and supplies the plant to the plant efficiently. Provide what you can.
[Solution]
It is a material applied to land areas where minerals essential for plant growth are insufficient, CaO is 6.0 mass% to 70 mass%, and T-Fe is 3.1 mass% As described above, an artificial mineral supply material characterized in that it is a mixture of a mineral-containing substance having a P2O5 content of 0.3 mass or more and an Al2O3 content of 4.8 mass% or less and an ion exchange material.
[Selection figure] None

Description

  The present invention uses a mixture containing a mineral-containing substance and an ion-exchange substance as an artificial mineral supply material, and adsorbs the mineral component eluted / extracted from the mineral-containing substance with the ion-exchange substance and supplies it to the plant. To provide a way to green.

  There are areas in Japan where minerals necessary for plants are lacking due to public works and acid rain. Conventionally, steel slag is used as a fertilizer in areas where such minerals are deficient. However, when a large amount of steel slag is used, there are problems such as inhibiting plant growth.

JP 2000-265470 A

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, for example, in Patent Document 1, a method of laying an alkaline material such as steel slag on a cut slope where the soil shows acidity and filling and planting the soil is realized. . By embanking with steel slag in soil exhibiting acidity in this way, it is possible to neutralize alkaline water eluted from steel slag with soil exhibiting acidity and improve the malfunctioning soil structure. . However, when steel slag is used in a large amount for many years, the problem of inhibiting the growth of plants by alkaline water has not been solved, and there is no indication of supplying minerals eluted from steel slag to plants.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, ion exchange in which dissolved minerals are necessary for the growth of plants such as calcium, silica, phosphorus and iron eluted from mineral-containing substances. It was found that by adsorbing to a substance, it can be easily supplied to plants, and the invention has been completed.

  The first of the present invention is a material that is applied to a land area where mineral content essential for plant growth is insufficient in an artificial mineral supply material, and CaO is 6.0% by mass or more and 70% by mass. It is a mixture of a mineral-containing substance and an ion-exchange substance having a mass% or less, T-Fe of 3.1 mass% or more, P2O5 of 0.3 mass% or more, and Al2O3 of 4.8 mass% or less. To do.

  2nd of this invention is the artificial mineral supply material which concerns on 1st invention, The pH of the mixture of a mineral containing substance and an ion exchange substance is 8.5 or less, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the mineral-containing substance includes steel slag.

  A fourth aspect of the present invention is the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the mineral-containing material includes carbonized steel slag. It is.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the mineral-containing substance includes a mineral supplement.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, characterized in that the ion exchange material includes a chelating action promoting material.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the chelating action promoting material contains a solid or liquid that shows acidity. It is.

  An eighth aspect of the present invention is the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the ion exchange material includes artificial humus or a liquid eluted and extracted from the artificial humus. It has an ion exchange function.

  A ninth aspect of the present invention is the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein the artificial humus is bark compost, peat moss, humus, or undegraded vegetation, tree chips, or Wastewater discharged from factories and offices, sewage at sewage final treatment plants, human waste, aeration treatment of livestock excreta, sludge obtained by fermentation treatment and organic materials containing at least one of the treated products are acidic It is characterized in that it is used by mixing one or two or more kinds of humus soil generated by curing in a liquid.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the ion exchange substance is a substance having a high cation exchange capacity or a substance having a high anion exchange capacity. It is characterized by being blended with two or more species.

  In an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, the ion exchange material has a C / N ratio of 10 or more, an organic substance content of 70% or more, and a pH of -1.1-9.0, the thing whose electrical conductivity is a value of 2.0 mS / cm or less is contained.

  The twelfth aspect of the present invention is the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects of the present invention, wherein a mixture of a mineral-containing substance and an ion exchange substance is mixed with a gelling agent, a thickener / glue, a stable It is characterized by using a gel formed by using one or more kinds of agents, and adjusting and maintaining the elution / extraction amount of minerals from the mixture.

The thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the artificial mineral supply material according to any one of the first to twelfth aspects, wherein a mixture of a mineral-containing substance and an ion exchange substance is molded from a plastic derived from a C4 plant, those characterized for holding adjusting the elution-extraction of minerals from the mixture.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the component of the mineral-containing material is 6.0% by mass or more, in which CaO of the mineral-containing material is higher than the average of 5.1% by mass of the igneous rock from the viewpoint of nutrients that can be supplied to the plant. 70 mass% or less, T-Fe is 3.1 mass% or more higher than the average 3.1 mass% of igneous rocks, and P2O5 is 0.3 mass% higher than the average 0.3 mass% of igneous rocks % 2 or more, and Al 2 O 3 may be a material that is 4.8% by mass or less, which is lower than the average of 4.8% by mass of the sandstone. Artificial mineral supplies consisting of mineral-containing substances and ion-exchange substances containing these components contain minerals that are useful for plants, and the minerals eluted and extracted from mineral-containing substances contain mineral components in the presence of ion-exchange substances. Can be retained as a dissolved state, and it is possible to absorb minerals in a state that is easily absorbed by plants.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the pH of the mixture of the mineral-containing substance and the ion exchange substance is 8.5 or less. Artificial mineral supply materials consisting of mineral-containing substances and ion-exchange substances are often dissolved in the state where minerals such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, and iron are retained by ion-exchange substances when pH is 8.5 or lower. Can exist.

  In the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the invention, the material is applied to the land area where the mineral content essential for the growth of the plant is insufficient, and CaO is 6.0 mass. % To 70% by mass, T-Fe is 3.1% by mass or more, P2O5 is 0.3% by mass or more, and Al2O3 is 4.8% by mass or less. Features. From the viewpoint of nutrients that can be supplied to plants, the mineral-containing substance has a higher CaO content of the mineral-containing substance than the average of 5.1% by mass of igneous rocks (Kyoto University Academic Press: What is soil?) 3.1% by mass or more, which is higher than 0% by mass to 70% by mass, and T-Fe is higher than the average 3.1% by mass of igneous rocks (Kyoto University Academic Press: What is soil?) , P2O5 is 0.3 mass% or higher, which is higher than the average 0.3 mass% of igneous rocks (Kyoto University Academic Press: What is soil?), And Al2O3 is 4.8 of sandstone average, which is a sedimentary rock. Any material that is less than 4.8% by mass lower than the mass% (Kyoto University Academic Press: What is soil?) May be used. Artificial mineral supplies consisting of mineral-containing substances and ion-exchange substances containing these components contain minerals that are useful for plants, and the minerals eluted and extracted from mineral-containing substances contain mineral components in the presence of ion-exchange substances. Can be retained as a dissolved state, and it is possible to absorb minerals in a state that is easily absorbed by plants.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect, the pH of the mixture of the mineral-containing substance and the ion exchange substance is 8.5 or less. Artificial mineral supply materials consisting of mineral-containing substances and ion-exchange substances are often dissolved in the state where minerals such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, and iron are retained by ion-exchange substances when pH is 8.5 or lower. Can exist. If the pH exceeds 8.5, the mineral component is precipitated and is hardly retained as a dissolved state by the ion exchange material, which is not preferable because it rapidly inhibits the growth of the plant.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect, the mineral-containing substance contains steel slag. Steel slag is blast furnace slag discharged from blast furnace such as blast furnace granulated slag, blast furnace slow-cooled slag, hot metal pretreatment slag (desulfurization slag, desiliconization slag, dephosphorization slag), converter slag, electric furnace slag, stainless steel It is a slag formed in any refining vessel used for melting molten steel such as slag.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the mineral-containing substance includes steel slag that has been carbonized. Steel slag can elute and extract a large amount of calcium, which is a nutrient source for plants. However, unsaturated calcium in steel slag is brought into contact with a carbon dioxide-containing gas to perform a carbonation reaction to form calcium carbonate. By using the steel slag after carbonation treatment as a mineral-containing substance, it becomes possible to efficiently elute and extract minerals such as magnesium, silicon, phosphorus and iron in addition to calcium.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the present invention has a feature that a mineral supplement is included. By including the mineral supplement material in the mineral-containing substance, a large amount of mineral can be selectively eluted and extracted. Examples of the mineral filling material include iron dusts, shells, inorganic materials containing calcium such as lime, organic materials, iron containing materials such as iron ore, steel, and iron powder, inorganic materials containing phosphorus, and organic materials. However, it is not limited to these.

  In the sixth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the ion exchange material includes a chelating action promoting material. By including the chelating action promoting material in the artificial mineral supply material, the effect of adsorbing the mineral component eluted from the mineral-containing material with the ion exchange material is promoted.

  In the seventh aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the chelating action promoting material may be any solid or liquid that exhibits acidity. For example, artificial humus, bark compost, humus It may be soil showing acidity such as red soil, vinegar such as wood vinegar and bamboo vinegar, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid, compounds having a carboxylic acid group such as acetic acid and citric acid, phosphorus Examples include, but are not limited to, organic phosphorus compounds such as acids and phosphonic acids, and liquids exhibiting acidity such as compounds having a sulfonic acid group.

  In the eighth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect, the ion exchange material includes artificial humus or liquid extracted from artificial humus, and has an ion exchange function. It is characterized by.

  In the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the artificial humus used as an example of an ion exchange material is bark compost, peat moss, humus, or undegraded plant or tree. Chips or wastewater discharged from factories and offices, sewage at sewage final treatment plants, human waste, aeration treatment of livestock excrement, sludge obtained by fermentation treatment and organic matter containing at least one of the treated products It is preferable to use one or a mixture of two or more humus soils produced by curing the material with an acidic liquid. The acidic liquid necessary for producing the artificial humus may be any liquid having acidity, for example, vinegar liquids such as wood vinegar and bamboo vinegar, inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid, acetic acid and citric acid Examples of such compounds include compounds having a carboxylic acid group, organic phosphorus compounds such as phosphoric acid and phosphonic acid, and compounds having a sulfonic acid group. By soaking organic materials in these compounds, the content of humus can be increased in a short time. Is possible.

  In the tenth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect, the ion exchange material is a material having a high cation exchange capacity such as bark compost, humus, red soil, peat moss, zeolite, perlite, vermiculite, etc. Or, one or two or more substances with high anion exchange capacity are blended. By blending these with mineral-containing substances, the minerals eluted from the artificial mineral supply material are dissolved. It can be held.

  In the eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the ion exchange material has a total nitrogen content ratio to the total carbon in the soil, that is, a C / N ratio of 10 or more, and an organic matter content. Is 70% or more, pH (H2O) is -1.1 to 9.0, and the electric conductivity indicating the concentration of nitrate nitrogen, chlorine, etc. in the soil is 2.0 mS / cm or less.

In the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the present invention, the mixture of the mineral-containing substance and the ion exchange substance is gelled with a gelling agent, a thickener / glue, and a stabilizer. It is characterized by adjusting and maintaining the elution / extraction amount of the mineral content from the mixture by mixing 1 to 50% by weight with the added amount.
By gelling a mixture of mineral-containing substances and ion-exchange substances, it is possible to adjust the minerals eluted and extracted from artificial mineral supply materials, and to supply minerals to animals and plants in the long term Is possible.
As a method of gelling a mixture of a mineral-containing substance and an ion exchange substance, alginates such as alginates, gelatin, agar, carrageenan, mucus derived from animals and plants such as pectin, thickeners such as starch, cellulose, glycogen, etc. This can be achieved by using a stabilizer such as paste, pennite or gum.

  In the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the artificial mineral supply material according to the first aspect of the present invention, a mixture of a mineral-containing substance and an ion-exchange substance is used for corn, sugarcane, sorghum, and pampas grass that fix CO2 more efficiently by photosynthesis. , By using plastics derived from C4 plant resources such as millet, millet, guineagrass, rosegrass, acne, etc., the degradation speed by microorganisms can be adjusted, and the elution and extraction amount of minerals from the mixture can be adjusted It is characterized by holding. Plastics derived from natural plant resources eventually decompose completely into water and carbon dioxide, so there is less burden on the natural environment than ordinary plastics.

As the mineral-containing substance, dephosphorized slag and carbonized dephosphorized slag (hereinafter referred to as “carbonated slag”) were employed. Each physical property value is shown in [Table 1]. In addition, artificial humus soil was selected as the ion exchange material. Artificial humus soil is artificial humus soil in which wood chips are immersed in pyroligneous acid.

  Furthermore, in order to verify the effect by this invention, after fertilizing the artificial mineral supply material which changed the mixing conditions to soil, the seed of the plant was seed | inoculated and the growth amount and the chlorophyll fluorescence reaction were compared.

Dephosphorization slag was selected as the mineral supply material, and artificial humus soil was selected as the ion exchange material. Artificial mineral supply materials having different mixing ratios were prepared, and the pH was measured. Moreover, tall fescue was sown on the soil fertilized with the artificial mineral supply material, and the chlorophyll fluorescence reaction, which is one index of the growth amount and plant vitality after 5 months, was measured. The chlorophyll fluorescence reaction is a ratio representing how much light is used for photosynthesis with respect to light energy given to plants.
The conditions and results are shown in [Table 2].
Compared to Comparative Example 1, in all the plants of Examples 1-1 to 3, increase in growth amount and chlorophyll fluorescence reaction could be confirmed. Moreover, in Example 1-4, the increase in the chlorophyll fluorescence reaction has been confirmed.

Carbonated slag was selected as the mineral supply material, and artificial humus soil was selected as the ion exchange material. Artificial mineral supply materials having different mixing ratios were prepared, and the pH was measured. Further, tall fescue was sown on the soil fertilized with the artificial mineral supply material, and the growth amount after one month was measured.
The conditions and results are shown in [Table 3]. In contrast to Comparative Example 2, in Examples 2-2 to 4, increase in growth amount and chlorophyll fluorescence reaction was confirmed. Moreover, in Example 2-1, the increase of the chlorophyll fluorescence reaction has been confirmed.

  An elution test was conducted to confirm that mineral elution was performed from the artificial mineral supply material according to the present invention.

Samples were prepared by blending the dephosphorized slag, carbonated slag, and artificial humus described above, respectively. The sample is shown in [Table 4].
In the dissolution test, 40 g of the prepared sample was packed in a water-permeable cloth, immersed in 400 g of pure water, and stirred at 60 rpm for 24 hours or more using a stirrer. After completion of the dissolution test, the dissolution component of the solvent was analyzed. P and Si were analyzed by ICP-AES, Ca2 +, Mg2 + by ion chromatography, and Fe2 + by absorptiometry. The results are shown in [Table 4]. It was confirmed that P, Si, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, and Fe2 + were eluted from the artificial mineral supply material.

  According to the present invention, the natural circulation function that has been reduced or lost can be efficiently recovered in an area where minerals necessary for plants are insufficient due to public works or acid rain.

Claims (13)

A material that is applied to land areas that lack the minerals essential for plant growth,
CaO is 6.0 mass% or more and 70 mass% or less, T-Fe is 3.1 mass% or more,
A mineral-containing substance in which P2O5 is 0.3% by mass or more and Al2O3 is 4.8% by mass or less;
An artificial mineral supply material characterized by being a mixture of ion exchange materials.   The artificial mineral supply material according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the mixture of the mineral-containing substance and the ion exchange substance is 8.5 or less.   The artificial mineral supply material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mineral-containing substance contains steel slag.   The artificial mineral supply material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mineral-containing substance contains carbonized steel slag.   The artificial mineral supply material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mineral-containing substance contains a mineral filling material.   The artificial mineral supply material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ion exchange material contains a chelating action promoting material. The artificial mineral supply material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the chelating action promoting material contains a solid or liquid that exhibits acidity. 8. The ion exchange material includes artificial humus soil or liquid eluted and extracted from artificial humus soil, and has an ion exchange function. The artificial mineral supply material described in 1.   Artificial humus soil is aeration of bark compost, peat moss, humus or undegraded vegetation, tree chips, or wastewater discharged from factories and offices, sewage, human waste, and livestock excrement at sewage treatment plants. It is characterized by being used by mixing one or two or more kinds of humus produced by curing an organic material containing at least one kind of sludge obtained by fermentation treatment and its treated product with an acidic liquid. The artificial mineral supply material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.   10. The ion exchange material according to claim 1, wherein one or two or more materials having a high cation exchange capacity or a material having a high anion exchange capacity are blended. The artificial mineral supply material according to Item.   The ion exchange materials include those having a C / N ratio of 10 or more, an organic content of 70% or more, a pH of -1.1 to 9.0, and an electric conductivity of 2.0 mS / cm or less. The artificial mineral supply material according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein:   Elution and extraction of minerals from a mixture of mineral-containing substances and ion-exchange substances, which are gelled by using one or more types of gelling agents, stabilizers, thickeners and pastes The artificial mineral supply material according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the amount is adjusted and held.   A mixture of a mineral-containing substance and an ion-exchange substance is molded from a plastic derived from C4 plant resources, and the elution / extraction amount of the mineral content from the mixture is adjusted and maintained. Item 13. The artificial mineral supply material according to any one of Items up to Item 12.