JP2013080026A - Pickup for string instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to improve the acoustic characteristics of a stringed instrument pickup with a simple configuration.
A first winding 14 and a second winding 24 of a stringed instrument pickup are connected in series, and an induced electromotive force generated in each of the first winding 14 and the second winding 24, that is, one string. The induced electromotive force based on the vibration of the sixth string is output from the output terminals A and B. In addition, when noise electromagnetic waves arrive, a noise voltage is induced as hum noise in each of the first winding 14 and the second winding 24. In the stringed instrument pickup, the winding direction of the first winding 14 is opposite to the winding direction of the second winding 24. Therefore, the first winding 14 and the second winding suppress the induced noise voltage from each other. As a result, the noise voltage appearing at the output terminals A and B is reduced.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a stringed instrument pickup, and more particularly to an improved stringed instrument pickup having a winding wound around a pole piece.

  For stringed instruments such as electric guitars and acoustic guitars, pickups that generate electrical signals in accordance with string vibrations are used. The electrical signal generated by the pickup is subjected to processing such as amplification and timbre processing by a guitar audio system, and then output as a sound from a speaker.

  Some pickups use the properties of a string as a magnetic material to output an induced electromotive force based on the vibration of the string as an electrical signal. FIG. 4 shows a single coil pickup as such a pickup. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show a top view and a front view, respectively. The single coil pickup includes six pole pieces 52 extending from the vicinity of each of the six strings 50 and a winding 54 wound around the six pole pieces 52. Here, as the pole piece 52, a rod-shaped permanent magnet is used in which the direction of the magnetic flux emitted from each pole piece, that is, the direction of each magnetic pole is aligned.

  When the string 50 vibrates, the magnetic flux passing through the pole piece 52 corresponding to the string 50 changes. As a result, the magnetic flux linked to the winding 54 through the pole piece 52 changes according to the vibration of the strings 50, and the induced electromotive force according to the vibration of the six strings 50 is generated from the output terminals A and B. Is output.

  The following Patent Document 1 describes a pickup device in which a single coil pickup and a humbucker pickup are integrally formed. Here, in the humbucker pickup, as shown in FIG. 4C, pole pieces 52 are arranged in two rows, and windings are wound around each row of the pole pieces 52. In the pole piece 52 belonging to one row and the pole piece 52 belonging to the other row, the directions of the magnetic poles are reversed, and the windings wound in each row are connected in series so as to cancel the hum noise generated in each row. ing.

JP-A-8-202366

  In the conventional humbucker pickup, since the pole pieces are arranged in two rows, there are problems that a large number of members are used and the structure becomes complicated. Further, since vibration of one string is detected by two pole pieces, there is a problem that vibration is detected over a long range of the string and sound quality deteriorates.

  An object of the present invention is to improve acoustic characteristics of a stringed instrument pickup with a simple configuration.

  The present invention includes a plurality of pole pieces arranged on a reference line, a first pickup block having a winding wound around the plurality of pole pieces, a plurality of pole pieces arranged on the reference line, and A second pickup block having a winding wound around the plurality of pole pieces, the plurality of pole pieces included in the first pickup block, and the plurality of pole pieces included in the second pickup block. The winding directions of the first pickup block and the winding direction of the second pickup block are opposite to each other. The winding direction of the first pickup block is opposite to the winding direction of the first pickup block. The winding of the second pickup block is connected in series.

  In the present invention, a plurality of pole pieces arranged on the reference line, a plurality of first pickup blocks each having a winding wound around the plurality of pole pieces, and arranged on the reference line A plurality of pole pieces and a plurality of second pickup blocks each having a plurality of pole pieces and windings wound around the plurality of pole pieces, each of which is paired with any of the plurality of first pickup blocks; One of the first pickup blocks is selected, one of the plurality of second pickup blocks is selected, and the winding of the selected first pickup block and the winding of the second pickup block are connected in series. A plurality of pole pieces included in the first pickup block, and the first pickup block. The plurality of pole pieces of the second pickup block paired with the rack are arranged on a common reference line with the direction of the magnetic flux emitted from each of them being aligned, and a plurality of pairs by the first pickup block and the second pickup block Are arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the strings, and the winding direction of the winding of each first pickup block is opposite to the winding direction of the winding of each second pickup block.

  In the present invention, a plurality of pole pieces arranged on the reference line, a plurality of first pickup blocks each having a winding wound around the plurality of pole pieces, and arranged on the reference line A plurality of pole pieces and a plurality of second pickup blocks each having a plurality of pole pieces and windings wound around the plurality of pole pieces, each of which is paired with any of the plurality of first pickup blocks; One of the first pickup blocks is selected, one of the plurality of second pickup blocks is selected, and the winding of the selected first pickup block and the winding of the second pickup block are connected in series. A plurality of pole pieces included in the first pickup block, and the first pickup block. A plurality of pole pieces of the second pickup block paired with the hook are arranged on a common reference line, and the plurality of pairs of the first pickup block and the second pickup block are arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the string It is characterized by being.

  According to the present invention, the acoustic characteristics of the stringed instrument pickup can be improved with a simple configuration.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the pickup for stringed instruments which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the pick-up system for stringed instruments which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram of the pickup system for stringed instruments. It is a figure which shows the structure of a single coil pickup and a humbucker pickup.

  FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a stringed instrument pickup according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A shows a top view, and FIG. 1B shows a front view. However, the upward direction in FIG. 1B is the direction from the stringed instrument pickup toward the string side, and the left direction is the direction from the 1st string toward the 6th string.

  The stringed instrument pickup includes a first pickup block 10 and a second pickup block 20, and outputs electric signals from output terminals A and B according to vibrations of six strings by two pickup blocks.

  The first pickup block 10 includes three pole pieces 12 arranged on a virtual reference line L, three windings wound around the three pole pieces 12, and upper ends of the three pole pieces 12. An upper fixing plate 16 to be held and a lower fixing plate 18 to hold the lower ends of the three pole pieces 12 are provided. Here, the reference line L is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first to sixth strings, but is not necessarily perpendicular. The reference line L may cross obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the first to sixth strings. Further, the reference line L is not necessarily a straight line. The first pickup block 10 and the second pickup block 20 may be refracted, or a curve may be drawn from the first pickup block 10 to the second pickup block 20.

  The three pole pieces 12 are formed of rod-shaped permanent magnets, and are arranged in accordance with the spacing of the strings with the magnetic poles aligned. In FIG. 1B, the S pole of each pole piece 12 is directed upward and the N pole is directed downward. The upper end surfaces of the three pole pieces 12 face the first to third strings corresponding to the respective pole pieces 12.

  The first winding 14 is obtained by winding a conductive wire covered with an insulating material around three pole pieces 12. In this embodiment, the conducting wire is directly wound around the three pole pieces 12 without using a bobbin or the like. One end of the first winding 14 is connected to the output terminal A, and the other end of the first winding 14 is connected to one end of the second winding 24 provided in the second pickup block 20.

  The upper fixing plate 16 and the lower fixing plate 18 are made of a nonmagnetic material such as plastic resin, glass, paper, wood, and the like. The upper fixing plate 16 penetrates and holds the upper end portion of each pole piece 12. The lower fixing plate 18 holds the lower end portion of each pole piece 12.

  The second pickup block 20 includes three pole pieces 22 arranged on a common reference line L with the first pickup block 10, second windings 24 wound around the three pole pieces 22, and three poles An upper fixing plate 26 that holds the upper end portion of the piece 22 and a lower fixing plate 28 that holds the lower end portions of the three pole pieces 22 are provided. Here, the reference line L has a crank shape in which a section passing through the first pickup block 10 and a section passing through the second pickup block 20 are shifted in the longitudinal direction of the string, and the pole piece 12 of the first pickup block 10 and the first piece The pole piece 22 of the two pickup block 20 may be offset.

  The three pole pieces 22 are formed of rod-shaped permanent magnets, and are arranged in accordance with the spacing of the strings with the magnetic poles aligned in direction. The direction of the magnetic pole is the same as the direction of the magnetic pole of each pole piece 12 included in the first pickup block 10. In this embodiment, the south pole of each pole piece 22 is directed upward and the north pole is directed downward. The upper end surfaces of the three pole pieces 22 face the 4th to 6th strings corresponding to the respective pole pieces 22. Further, the pole piece 22 belonging to the second pickup block 20 is closest to the first pickup block 10 and the pole piece 12 belonging to the first pickup block 10 is closest to the second pickup block 20. The interval is an interval that matches the interval between the 3rd and 4th strings.

  The second winding 24 is obtained by winding a conductive wire covered with an insulating material around three pole pieces 22. In the present embodiment, the conducting wire is directly wound around the three pole pieces 22 without using a bobbin or the like.

  One end of the second winding 24 is connected to one end of the first winding 14, and the other end of the second winding 24 is connected to the output terminal B. Thus, the first winding 14 and the second winding 24 are connected in series while reversing the winding direction.

  If the winding direction of the first winding 14 and the second winding 24 is defined based on whether it is clockwise or counterclockwise when the longitudinal direction of the pole piece is viewed from top to bottom, The winding direction of the winding 24 is opposite to the winding direction of the first winding 14. For example, when the winding direction of the first winding 14 is clockwise when viewed from above, the winding direction of the second winding 24 is counterclockwise when viewed from above. When the winding direction of the first winding 14 is counterclockwise when viewed from above, the winding direction of the second winding 24 is clockwise when viewed from above.

  The number of turns of the second winding 24 is the same as the number of turns of the first winding 14. However, when the magnetic characteristics (magnetic force, magnetic permeability, etc.) of the pole piece 12 of the first pickup block 10 and the magnetic characteristics of the pole piece 22 of the second pickup block 20 are different, the magnetic characteristics are different. Accordingly, a difference may be provided between the number of turns of the first winding 14 and the number of turns of the second winding 24 to suppress variations in induced electromotive force generated in each winding.

  The wire diameters of the first winding 14 and the second winding 24 may be determined according to sound quality. For example, increasing the wire diameter often increases the high frequency range, and decreasing the wire diameter often increases the low frequency range.

  The upper fixing plate 26 and the lower fixing plate 28 are made of a nonmagnetic material such as plastic resin, glass, paper, wood, and the like. The upper fixing plate 26 penetrates and holds the upper end portion of each pole piece 22. The lower fixing plate 28 holds the lower end portion of each pole piece 22.

  FIG. 1B shows a configuration in which the first winding 14 and the second winding 24 are exposed to the outside. These windings may be a casing made of plastic resin or the like, or a tape. It may be covered with.

  Further, the upper fixing plate 16 of the first pickup block 10 and the upper fixing plate 26 of the second pickup block 20 may be integrated, or the lower fixing plate 18 of the first pickup block 10 and the second pickup block. 20 lower fixing plate 28 may be integrated. Furthermore, the first pick-up block 10 and the second pick-up block 20 may be housed together in one housing while exposing the upper end surface of each pole piece. This casing may be shaped to be interchangeable with a pickup that is widely marketed.

  Next, the operation of the stringed instrument pickup will be described. When one of the first to third strings corresponding to the first pickup block 10 vibrates, the magnetic flux passing through the pole piece 12 corresponding to the vibrated string changes. As a result, the magnetic flux interlinking with the first winding 14 through the pole piece 12 changes according to the vibration of the string, and both ends of the first winding 14 respond to the vibration of the first to third strings. An induced electromotive force appears.

  When any of the 4th to 6th strings corresponding to the second pickup block 20 vibrates, the magnetic flux passing through the pole piece 22 corresponding to the vibrated string changes. As a result, the magnetic flux linked to the second winding 24 through the pole piece 22 changes according to the vibration of the string, and an induced electromotive force according to the vibration of the string is generated at both ends of the second winding 24. appear.

  As described above, the first winding 14 and the second winding 24 are connected in series. Therefore, the induced electromotive force generated in each of the first winding 14 and the second winding 24, that is, the induced electromotive force based on the vibration of the first to sixth strings is output from the output terminals A and B.

  In addition, when noise electromagnetic waves arrive, a noise voltage is induced as hum noise in each of the first winding 14 and the second winding 24. In the stringed instrument pickup according to the present embodiment, the winding direction of the first winding 14 is opposite to the winding direction of the second winding 24. Therefore, the noise voltage of the second winding 24 that appears at the connection node C with respect to the output terminal B is opposite in phase to the noise voltage of the first winding 14 that appears at the output terminal A with respect to the connection node C. The windings suppress the induced noise voltages from each other. Accordingly, the stringed instrument pickup according to the present embodiment operates as a humbucker pickup, and the noise voltage appearing at the output terminals A and B is reduced.

  Thus, according to the stringed instrument pickup according to the present embodiment, hum noise is reduced with a simple configuration. In addition, by winding the winding directly on the pole piece, the vibration of the string is more faithfully converted to the induced electromotive force than in the case of using a bobbin or the like. Furthermore, by making the direction of the magnetic pole of the pole piece 12 of the first pickup block 10 and the direction of the magnetic pole of the pole piece 22 of the second pickup block 20 the same direction, the induced electromotive force due to the third and fourth strings is canceled out. Is avoided.

  Further, the conventional humbucker pickup as shown in FIG. 4C has a problem that it is difficult to detect a vibration component having a vibration node between columns of pole pieces, and the sound quality is deteriorated. According to the stringed instrument pickup according to the present embodiment, since the vibration of the string is detected by the pole pieces arranged in a line, such deterioration in sound quality is suppressed.

  Next, a stringed instrument pickup system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 shows a configuration when the stringed instrument pickup system according to the present embodiment is attached to an electric guitar. In this system, a pair of a first pickup block and a second pickup block is arranged at each of three different pickup positions P1 to P3 on an electric guitar string. As shown in FIG. 2, the three first pickup blocks 10-1 to 10-3 are arranged at three pickup positions P <b> 1 to P <b> 3 of 1st to 3rd strings, respectively. The three second pickup blocks 20-1 to 20-3 that make a pair with these first pickup blocks are respectively arranged at three positions P1 to P3 of the fourth to sixth strings.

  The first selection switch 30 selects one of the first pickup blocks 10-1 to 10-3 that is used for vibration detection of the first to third strings. The second selection switch 32 selects one of the second pickup blocks 20-1 to 20-3 to be used for detecting vibrations of the 4th to 6th strings. The first winding of the first pickup block selected by the first selection switch 30 and the second winding of the second pickup block selected by the second selection switch 32 are connected in series.

  A cable plug leading to the audio system is inserted into the jack 34. From the jack 34, the induced electromotive force of the first pickup block and the second pickup block selected by the first selection switch 30 and the second selection switch 32 and connected in series is output as an electrical signal.

  FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of a pickup system for stringed instruments. In this circuit diagram, the first windings 14-1 to 14-3 and the pole piece 12 are drawn for the first pickup blocks 10-1 to 10-3, respectively. Further, the second windings 24-1 to 24-3 and the pole piece 22 are drawn for the second pickup blocks 20-1 to 20-3.

  The first selection switch 30 includes a reference terminal T0, selection terminals T1 to T6, and a reference terminal T7. By operating the first selection switch 30, the reference terminal T0 is connected to any one of the selection terminals T1 to T3 by the intercept 40. At the same time, any one of the selection terminals T4 to T6 is connected to the reference terminal T7 by another section 42. The section 40 of the first selection switch 30 connects the reference terminal T0 and any one of the selection terminals T1 to T3, and the section 42 of the first selection switch 30 is any one of the selection terminals T4 to T6. The operation of connecting the reference terminal T7 is interlocked. A rotary switch may be used as the first selection switch 30.

  The second selection switch 32 includes a reference terminal U0 and selection terminals U1 to U3. By operating the second selection switch 32, the reference terminal U0 is connected to any one of the selection terminals U1 to U3 by the intercept 44. A rotary switch may be used as the second selection switch 32. In the following, in order of the ground conductor G, the second windings 24-1 to 24-3, the second selection switch 32, the first selection switch 30, the first windings 14-1 to 14-3, and the jack 34, These connection configurations will be described.

  One end of each of the second windings 24-1 to 24-3 is connected to the ground conductor G. The other ends of the second windings 24-1 to 24-3 are connected to selection terminals U1 to U3 of the second selection switch 32, respectively. The reference terminal U0 of the second selection switch 32 is connected to the reference terminal T0 of the first selection switch 30.

  One end of each of the first windings 14-1 to 14-3 is connected to the selection terminals T1 to T3 of the first selection switch 30, respectively. The other ends of the first windings 14-1 to 14-3 are connected to selection terminals T4 to T6 of the first selection switch 30, respectively. The reference terminal T7 of the first selection switch 30 is connected to the signal terminal 36 of the jack 34. The ground terminal 38 of the jack 34 is connected to the ground conductor G.

  Next, the operation of the stringed instrument pickup system will be described. By operating the first selection switch 30, the segment 40 connects any one of the selection terminals T1 to T3 to the reference terminal T0. In conjunction with this, the other piece 42 connects any one of the selection terminals T4 to T6 to the reference terminal T7. For example, when an operation for selecting the first pickup block 10-2 is performed, the segment 40 connects the selection terminal T2 and the reference terminal T0, and the other segment 42 includes the selection terminal T5 and the reference terminal T7. And connect.

  By operating the second selection switch 32, the segment 44 connects any one of the selection terminals U1 to U3 to the reference terminal U0. For example, when an operation for selecting the second pickup block 20-2 is performed, the intercept 44 connects the selection terminal U2 and the reference terminal U0.

  As a result, the first winding of the first pickup block selected by the first selection switch 30 and the second winding of the second pickup block selected by the second selection switch 32 are connected in series.

  In accordance with the same principle as the stringed instrument pickup according to the first embodiment, both ends of the first winding of the first pickup block selected by the first selection switch 30 are induced in response to vibrations of the first to third strings. Electric power appears. An induced electromotive force corresponding to the vibration of the 4th to 6th strings appears at both ends of the second winding of the second pickup block selected by the second selection switch 32. As a result, the induced electromotive force generated in each of the first winding and the second winding, that is, the induced electromotive force based on the vibration of the first to sixth strings is output from the signal terminal 36 of the jack 34.

  In the present embodiment, the winding direction of the first windings 14-1 to 14-3 and the winding direction of the second windings 24-1 to 24-3 are opposite. Therefore, the noise voltage of the second winding appearing at the reference terminals U0 and T0 with respect to the ground conductor G is opposite to the noise voltage of the first winding appearing at the signal terminal 36 of the jack 34 with respect to the reference terminals U0 and T0. In phase, the first winding and the second winding suppress the induced noise voltage. As a result, the noise voltage appearing between the signal terminal 36 and the ground terminal 38 of the jack 34 is reduced.

  Further, according to the stringed instrument pickup system according to the present embodiment, the user can appropriately select a pickup block used for string vibration detection and select a timbre based on the principle described below.

  The vibration of the string includes a plurality of higher-order vibrations in addition to the basic vibration. Since the ratio of each vibration component varies depending on the position of the string, the timbre detected varies depending on the position where vibration is detected. For example, at a position away from the fixed end of the string by a quarter of the length of the string, the fourth-order vibration component (fourth harmonic) is reduced. Some performers are said to produce a sharp sound when vibration is detected near the fixed end, and a mild sound when vibration is detected far from the fixed end. Yes.

  Here, the first pickup blocks 10-1 to 10-3 are respectively arranged at three different positions P1 to P3 of the 1st to 3rd strings, and the second pickup blocks 20-1 to 20-3 are 4th to 4th strings. The six strings are arranged at three different positions P1 to P3. Therefore, vibration is detected by selecting any one of the first pickup blocks 10-1 to 10-3 having different timbres for the first to third strings, and the timbres for the fourth to sixth strings are different. Vibration can be detected by selecting any one of the second pickup blocks 20-1 to 20-3. Thus, the user can independently set the timbres of the 1st to 3rd strings and the timbre of the 4th to 6th strings.

  In the above description, the example in which the winding direction of the first winding of each first pickup block and the winding direction of the second winding of each second pickup block are reversed and function as a humbucker pickup has been described. Here, only the function of independently setting the tone of the 1st to 3rd strings and the tone of the 4th to 6th strings is necessary, and when the function as the humbucker pickup is not necessary, each first pickup block The winding direction of the first winding may be the same as the winding direction of the second winding of each second pickup block.

  Moreover, as said 1st and 2nd embodiment, it picked up about the pick-up for stringed instruments used for the stringed instrument which has six strings, and the pick-up system for stringed instruments. The present invention may be used for a stringed instrument in which the number of strings is not six. In this case, the number of pole pieces corresponding to the number of strings is provided. For example, in a bass guitar having four strings, two pole pieces may be provided in each of the first pickup block and the second pickup block, and a total of four pole pieces may be provided.

  1 to 6, 50 strings, 10, 10-1 to 10-3 first pickup block, 12, 22, 52 pole piece, 14, 14-1 to 14-3 first winding, 16, 26 upper fixing plate, 18, 28 Lower fixing plate, 20, 20-1 to 20-3 Second pickup block, 24, 24-1 to 24-3 Second winding, 30 First selection switch, 32 Second selection switch, 34 jack , 36 signal terminal, 40, 42, 44 intercept, 54 windings, L reference line, A, B output terminal, C connection node, P1-P3 pickup position, T1-T6, U1-U3 selection terminal, T0, T7, U0 Reference terminal, G Ground conductor.

Claims (3)

A first pickup block having a plurality of pole pieces arranged on a reference line, and a winding wound around the plurality of pole pieces;
A plurality of pole pieces arranged on a reference line, and a second pickup block having a winding wound around the plurality of pole pieces,
The plurality of pole pieces of the first pickup block and the plurality of pole pieces of the second pickup block are arranged with the direction of the magnetic flux emitted from each of them being aligned,
The winding direction of the winding of the first pickup block and the winding direction of the winding of the second pickup block are opposite directions,
A pickup for a stringed instrument, wherein the winding of the first pickup block and the winding of the second pickup block are connected in series. A plurality of first pickup blocks each having a plurality of pole pieces arranged on a reference line, and a winding wound around the plurality of pole pieces;
A plurality of second pole pieces each having a plurality of pole pieces arranged on the reference line and windings wound around the plurality of pole pieces, each paired with any one of the plurality of first pickup blocks. Pickup block,
One of the plurality of first pickup blocks is selected, one of the plurality of second pickup blocks is selected, and the winding of the selected first pickup block and the winding of the second pickup block are selected. And a selection switch for connecting in series,
A plurality of pole pieces possessed by the first pickup block and a plurality of pole pieces possessed by the second pickup block paired with the first pickup block are arranged on a common reference line with the directions of magnetic fluxes emitted from each of them being aligned. And
The plurality of pairs of the first pickup block and the second pickup block are arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the string,
A pickup for a stringed instrument, wherein the winding direction of each first pickup block is opposite to the winding direction of each second pickup block. A plurality of first pickup blocks each having a plurality of pole pieces arranged on a reference line, and a winding wound around the plurality of pole pieces;
A plurality of second pole pieces each having a plurality of pole pieces arranged on the reference line and windings wound around the plurality of pole pieces, each paired with any one of the plurality of first pickup blocks. Pickup block,
One of the plurality of first pickup blocks is selected, one of the plurality of second pickup blocks is selected, and the winding of the selected first pickup block and the winding of the second pickup block are selected. And a selection switch for connecting in series,
The plurality of pole pieces of the first pickup block and the plurality of pole pieces of the second pickup block paired with the first pickup block are arranged on a common reference line,
A plurality of pairs of the first pickup block and the second pickup block are arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the string.

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