JP2013072013A - Method for making fuel pellet from waste, device for making the fuel pellet from waste, and electric vehicle mounted with the device - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To produce a fuel pellet excellent in transportability and storage property from combustible waste.
A fuel pellet manufacturing method for processing input waste into fuel pellets, a first procedure for pulverizing a combustible first type of waste, and a second type of synthetic resin material A fuel pellet is produced by covering the periphery of the first type of waste with the second procedure of heating and melting the waste of the first type of waste so as to be sealed with the molten second type of waste. And a third procedure.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to waste (waste) treatment technology, and more particularly to a technology for converting waste into fuel.

  Technology is known for processing combustible waste into fuel such as RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel), RPF (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel), C-RPF (Char-Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel), etc., and using it in boilers or power generation facilities Yes. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technique in which combustible waste that has been crushed, dried, and solidified is coated with a synthetic resin.

  Furthermore, a technique is disclosed in which a volatile gas and a liquid discharged from the waste are confined so as not to leak outside by wrapping the waste with a plastic sleeve (see Patent Document 2).

JP-A-8-199180 Special Table 2000-515098

  When combustible waste such as garbage is hardened and processed into fuel pellets or the like, the fuel pellets may absorb moisture and generate a rotting odor or deteriorate ignitability. Thus, the fuel processed from combustible waste has a problem in terms of transportability and storage.

  A typical example of the present invention is as follows. That is, a fuel pellet preparation method for processing input waste into fuel pellets, which includes a first procedure for pulverizing a combustible first type waste and a second type of waste made of a synthetic resin material. A second step of heating and melting the article, and a third step of creating a fuel pellet by covering the periphery of the first type of waste so as to be sealed by the molten second type of waste And a procedure.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, combustible waste can be easily processed into fuel pellets excellent in transportability and storage.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the waste-fuel-ized apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the process which the garbage fuel conversion apparatus of the 1st Embodiment of this invention performs. It is explanatory drawing of the household fuel pellet replenishment cartridge used in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the refuse fuel conversion apparatus of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the process which the garbage fuel conversion apparatus of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention performs. It is explanatory drawing of the process which the garbage fuel conversion apparatus of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention performs. It is explanatory drawing of the electric vehicle carrying the refuse fuel conversion apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the waste fueling apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  The waste fueling apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes an agitation shredding device 103, a compression dehydrator 105, a compressed waste cutting device 112, a pulverizer 115, a melting tank 119, a heater 120, a molding machine 125, a fuel pellet storage tank 127, and A thermal power generation system 128 and the like are provided.

  The stirring shredding device 103 is a device for shredding (pulverizing) and stirring the input waste, specifically, dry waste 101 (for example, paper waste or plastic waste) and wet waste 102 (for example, raw waste). As long as it is, it may be anything. For example, the stirring shredding device 103 includes a rotary blade 103b connected to a motor 103a, and shreds and agitates the dust into which the rotary blade 103b is charged.

  When the wet litter 102 is put into the stirring shredding device 103, the litter 104 crushed by the stirring shredding device 103 becomes a paste containing moisture. The pulverized garbage 104 is put into a compression dehydrator 105.

  The compression dehydrator 105 compresses the crushed garbage 104. As a result, the crushed garbage 104 is dehydrated to become solid compressed garbage. The sewage 106 squeezed by dehydration passes through the purification filter 107 in the middle water filter 108 to become middle water (filter water) 110 and is stored in the middle water tank 109. The purification filter 107 may be any type, for example, a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, an ion exchange membrane, a hollow fiber filter, or the like. The intermediate water 110 stored in the intermediate water tank 109 may be supplied to the thermal power generation system 128 via the intermediate water introduction pipe 129, or to the outside of the waste fueling apparatus 100 via the intermediate water pipe 111. It may be supplied.

  The compressed garbage dehydrated by the compression dehydrator 105 is put into the compressed garbage cutting device 112. The compressed garbage cutting device 112 cuts compressed garbage. The size of the compressed compressed waste 113 is arbitrary, but may be about several mm square, for example.

  On the other hand, when the used crusher 115 is filled with a used PET PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) bottle 114, the crusher 115 crushes it. Specifically, the crusher 115 includes a cooler 116 and a crushing gear 117. The PET resin forming the PET bottle 114 is hardened and becomes brittle as the temperature becomes lower, so that it can be easily pulverized. For this reason, it is desirable to pulverize the PET bottle 114 cooled using the cooler 116 with the pulverization gear 117. Accordingly, the life of the grinding gear 117 can be extended.

  The heat exchanger 121 is connected to the cooler 116. The heat exchange device 121 may be any type, but as an example, it is configured by a Peltier element, a heat transfer pipe, and the like. If a Peltier element is used, it can be cooled to about -20 ° C. The heat exchange device 121 moves the heat absorbed from the pulverizer 115 via the cooler 116 to the melting tank 119.

  The PET bottle 118 pulverized by the pulverizing gear 117 is put into the melting tank 119, heated and melted. The melting tank 119 is heated by the heater 120 as well as the heat transmitted from the heat exchange device 121. The heater 120 may use heat generated in a thermal power generation system 128 described later.

  The cut compressed waste 113 and the molten PET resin are sent to the fuel pellet molding unit 138. The fuel pellet molding unit 138 of this embodiment includes a pellet mold 122 and a molding machine 125.

  The molten PET resin is poured into the pellet mold 122. For example, when a spherical pellet is produced, the pellet mold 122 has a hemispherical depression into which molten PET resin is poured. The compressed garbage 113 cut by the compressed garbage cutting device 112 is placed on the molten PET resin. By covering the molten PET resin 123 on which the compressed compressed waste 113 is placed with a molten PET resin that is shaped by another hemispherical depression and on which the compressed compressed waste 113 is not placed, the upper side is also covered. Cut and compressed garbage 124 covered with molten PET resin is formed. Alternatively, instead of covering with another molten PET resin as described above, the upper side is covered with the molten PET resin by rotating the molten PET resin 123 on which the cut compressed waste 113 is placed on the pellet mold 122 little by little. The cut compressed waste 124 may be formed. In any case, the entire periphery of the cut compressed waste 113 is completely covered with molten PET resin so as not to be exposed to the outside air.

  In addition, the shape of the pellet produced is not restricted to a spherical shape. By using the pellet mold 122 suitable for the shape of the pellet to be produced, pellets having various shapes such as a cylindrical shape or a cube can be produced.

  The compressed waste 113 that has been cut is dehydrated by the compression dehydrator 105, but may still contain some moisture. Since the melting point of the PET resin is about 260 ° C., drying of the compressed waste 113 placed on the molten PET resin is promoted by heat transmitted from the molten PET resin. Due to the drying, the compressed waste 113 that has been cut is less susceptible to spoilage and more easily burns. In order to perform sufficient drying, after the compressed garbage 113 cut is placed on the molten PET resin, a certain amount of time for drying the compressed garbage 113 elapses, and then the compressed garbage 113 is cut. It is desirable to cover another molten PET resin on the molten PET resin 123 placed.

  The cut compressed waste 124 whose upper side is also covered with molten PET resin is put into a molding machine 125. The molding machine 125 is used to mold the cut compressed waste 124 whose upper side is also covered with molten PET resin, and to adjust the shape. Various molding machines 125 are used according to the shape of the pellets to be formed. be able to.

  For example, in the case of producing a spherical pellet, the molding machine 125 has a spiral groove through which a cut compacted garbage 124, which is also covered with a molten PET resin, passes, so that a fuel pellet shaped into a spherical shape is passed. 126 is obtained. Such a molding machine 125 may be similar to that used for making glass balls, for example.

  Alternatively, when producing a cylindrical pellet, the molding machine 125 may perform molding by cutting off both ends of the cylinder while rolling the cut compressed waste 124 in one direction. Or when pellets of arbitrary shapes, such as a cube, are created, the molding machine 125 may remove the protrusion (for example, what is called a burr | flash etc.) which generate | occur | produced in the previous stage.

  Since the fuel pellets 126 formed and shaped in this way are not caught by protrusions or the like, containers for storing them, a route for transporting them to a power generation system or the like to be described later, or a household pellet supply to be described later The cartridge is less likely to be clogged (that is, easily flows), and automatic supply to a power generation system or the like is facilitated.

  The fuel pellets 126 may be used as fuel immediately after being produced, but may be stored in the fuel pellet storage tank 127 until used. The fuel pellet 126 of the present embodiment is completely covered with the PET resin as described above, and since the cut compressed waste 113 inside does not touch the outside air, no odor is generated and moisture is absorbed and hardly burned. It can be stored for a long time, can be used only when needed, and can be transported to another place for use as fuel. In addition, although the amount of heat generated by burning the garbage varies greatly depending on the type of the garbage, in the case of the fuel pellet 126 of the present embodiment, the PET resin that covers it becomes the main source of heat quantity. The amount of heat of the fuel pellet 126 is substantially uniform. As a result, it is possible to obtain an easy-to-use fuel that is easy to burn and has little variation in the amount of heat generated while using garbage.

  The fuel pellet 126 is charged into the pellet combustion chamber 137 in the thermal power generation system 128 as necessary, and burns. The thermal power generation system 128 generates power using heat generated by the combustion of the fuel pellets 126. For example, the thermal power generation system 128 may perform steam turbine power generation by adding the generated heat to the middle water 110, or create a low temperature portion by the vaporization heat of the middle water 110, and the low temperature portion and the heat from combustion Temperature difference power generation (for example, power generation by a thermoelectric conversion element using a Stirling engine or Seebeck effect) may be performed using the temperature difference. In addition, when only the intermediate water 110 obtained from the waste is insufficient, the intermediate water 110 may include water supplied from the outside of the waste fuelizer 100.

  The electric power obtained by the power generation is used for operating the waste fueling apparatus 100, and the surplus is output from the power output terminal 131. The electric power output from the electric power output terminal 131 can be used for other systems (for example, operation of an electric vehicle (EV) equipped with the garbage fueling apparatus 100 or power sale to a local power transmission network).

  The intermediate water 110 is used for power generation as necessary, and is also used for cooling to prevent damage to the thermal power generation system 128 due to overheating. For this reason, hot water or high temperature steam is discharged from the thermal power generation system 128. This hot water or high-temperature steam is supplied to the outside of the waste fueling apparatus 100 via the output pipe 136 and can be used for heating or boiling water.

  The residual heat generated in the thermal power generation system 128 is transmitted to the heater 120 via the heat transfer tube 135.

  The fuel pellet 126 is created using the separated waste (the dry waste 101, the wet waste 102, and the PET bottle 114). For this reason, the incineration ash 134 generated by burning the fuel pellet 126 does not contain harmful substances and can be used as an additive to cement or the like.

  Exhaust gas from the pellet combustion chamber 137 (that is, combustion gas generated by burning the fuel pellet 126) is purified by a filter (not shown) and is discharged to the outside of the waste fuelizer 100 via the exhaust pipe 132. The

  The entire garbage fueling apparatus 100 is stored in a housing 133. The casing 133 does not have an opening through which air can flow, except for the dust inlet of the stirring shredding device 103, the PET bottle inlet of the pulverizer 115, and the exhaust pipe 132. Air 130 for burning the fuel pellets 126 is supplied to the thermal power generation system 128 from the inside of the housing 133, and exhaust gas generated by the combustion is discharged from the exhaust pipe 132. As a result, the inside of the casing 133 becomes negative pressure, and air flows into the casing 133 from the dust inlet of the stirring shredding device 103 and the PET bottle inlet of the crusher 115. The air 130 for burning the fuel pellets 126 contains dust odors, but the odor components burn in the pellet combustion chamber 137. For this reason, the odor of the thrown-in waste does not leak out of the housing 133.

  In the present embodiment, the PET bottle 114 is put into the pulverizer 115, and the cut compressed waste 113 is covered with the PET resin. This is because a large amount of PET bottles 114 are distributed and a separate collection system has been established to some extent, and a relatively high-purity PET resin can be easily obtained from waste.

However, the present invention can also be realized by using a synthetic resin material other than the PET bottle. For example, a styrofoam tray or the like used as a food container may be put into the pulverizer 115 to cover the compressed waste 113 cut with styrene resin. However, in order to keep the quality of the fuel pellets constant, it is desirable that the resin material used has a certain degree of purity. In addition to petroleum-derived materials, plant-derived materials can also be used as synthetic resin materials. By using a plant-derived synthetic resin material, CO ₂ emission can be reduced. The same applies to other embodiments described later.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure of processing executed by the waste fueling apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  This flowchart summarizes the procedure of the processing described with reference to FIG.

  When the PET bottle 114 is put into the pulverizer 115 (step 201), the pulverizer 115 pulverizes the PET bottle 114 (step 202), and then the melting tank 119 melts the crushed PET bottle 118 (step 203). ).

  On the other hand, when other combustible waste (dry waste 101 and wet waste 102) is put into the stirring shredding device 103 (step 204), the stirring shredding device 103 stirs and shreds the entered combustible waste. (Step 205) Next, the compression dehydrator 105 compresses and dehydrates the trash 104 that has been pulverized and stirred (step 206).

  Thereafter, the cut compressed waste 113 is coated with the molten PET resin, and the cut compressed waste 124 covered with the molten PET resin is formed (step 207) and taken out as the fuel pellet 126 (step 208).

  The thermal power generation system 128 combusts the fuel pellet 126, further performs thermal power generation using the intermediate water (step 209) taken out from the compression dehydrator 105 (step 210), and outputs electric power (step 211). Then, warm water or steam is output (step 212).

  The garbage fueling apparatus 100 equipped with such a thermal power generation system can be installed, for example, in an apartment or a maintained residential area and used as a boiler / in-house generator / garbage treatment facility. However, in order to operate the garbage fueling apparatus 100 of the present embodiment without any trouble, it is necessary to throw in garbage that is thoroughly separated. For this reason, it is desirable to install the garbage fuel conversion apparatus 100 of this embodiment in an area where it is easy to control residents' behavior such as sorting of garbage. The same applies to other embodiments described later.

  The garbage fuel conversion apparatus 100 of the present embodiment can be used as a power supply source for an electric vehicle by being mounted on the electric vehicle. This will be described later as a fourth embodiment.

  The fuel pellets 126 generated by the garbage fueling apparatus 100 can be supplied to each household as fuel.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a household fuel pellet supply cartridge used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

  The shaped and shaped fuel pellets 126 may be used by the thermal power generation system 128, but may be transported elsewhere and used as fuel. For example, the fuel pellet 126 may be refilled from the fuel pellet storage tank 127 into the household fuel pellet supply cartridge 301 and sold to the home. At home, the purchased fuel pellet 126 may be used as fuel for the pellet stove, or may be used in a home power generation / hot water system.

  For example, each household user purchases a household fuel pellet replenishment cartridge 301 containing fuel pellets 126 and attaches it to the household power generation and hot water supply system 302. The structure of the household power generation / hot water supply system 302 may be the same as the thermal power generation system shown in FIG. 1, for example. The household power generation / hot water supply system 302 is automatically operated, and the supply of fuel pellets 126 from the household fuel pellet supply cartridge 301 is automatically performed as necessary. This eliminates the need for the user to touch the combustion chamber (not shown) in the household power generation / hot water supply system 302 and facilitates temperature management of the combustion chamber. When the household fuel pellet replenishment cartridge 301 is empty (or periodically), it is replaced with one containing fuel pellets 126. For example, a supply system similar to the current domestic propane gas cylinder may be constructed.

  The form of fuel pellets used in such a system is arbitrary, but for example, by using spherical pellets having a diameter of several millimeters, sufficient fluidity is ensured and automatic supply becomes easy.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the waste fueling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  The waste fueling apparatus 400 of the present embodiment is the same as the waste fueling apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, except that sheet-type fuel pellets are produced. The following description will focus on differences between the waste fueling apparatus 400 of the present embodiment and the waste fueling apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, and illustration and description of the common points of both will be omitted.

  The garbage fuelizer 400 of this embodiment includes a pulverizer 115 and a melting tank 119 similar to those of the first embodiment. That is, the crusher 115 includes a cooler 116 and a crushing gear 117. When the PET bottle 114 is inserted, the crusher 115 crushes the PET bottle 114 and discharges the crushed PET bottle 118. The melting tank 119 uses the heat from the heater 120, the heat exchange device 121, and the thermal power generation system 128 to melt the crushed PET bottle 118.

  Furthermore, the refuse fueling apparatus 400 of the present embodiment includes the stirring shredding device 103 similar to that of the first embodiment. That is, the stirring shredding device 103 crushes and stirs the dry waste 101 and the wet waste 102, and discharges the ground waste 104.

  The garbage fueling apparatus 400 of this embodiment includes two dewatering rollers 401. The two dewatering rollers 401 dehydrate by sandwiching the pulverized garbage 104 and applying pressure, and discharge the compressed garbage 402 formed into a sheet shape.

  As in the first embodiment, the sewage 106 squeezed by dehydration is filtered by the purification filter 107 of the middle water filter 108, and the middle water 110 obtained thereby is stored in the middle water tank 109.

  The fuel pellet forming unit 410 of the garbage fueling apparatus 400 of the present embodiment includes a belt conveyor 405 and a fuel sheet processing apparatus 406.

  On the belt conveyor 405, first, the molten PET resin processed into a sheet shape is developed as a lower sheet 403, and the compressed waste 402 molded into a sheet shape is placed thereon, and further processed into a sheet shape thereon. The molten PET resin thus prepared is placed as the upper sheet 404. At this time, in order for the compressed garbage 402 to be completely covered with the molten PET resin, the compressed garbage 402 is molded such that its width is smaller than either the upper sheet 404 or the lower sheet 403, and the compressed garbage 402 is further It is desirable to place it on the lower sheet 403 while cutting it to an appropriate length.

  Further, as in the first embodiment, in order to promote the drying of the compressed garbage 402, after the compressed garbage 402 formed into a sheet is placed on the lower sheet 403, a certain amount or more for drying the compressed garbage 402 is used. It is desirable to place the upper sheet 404 thereon after the elapse of time.

  The compressed waste 402 sandwiched between the upper sheet 404 and the lower sheet 403 is sent to the fuel sheet processing apparatus 406 by the belt conveyor 405.

  The fuel sheet processing apparatus 406 creates a fuel sheet 407 (that is, a sheet type fuel pellet) by applying pressure and heat to melt the upper sheet 404 and the lower sheet 403. This process may be the same as a general laminating process. As a result, the cut sheet-shaped compressed waste 408 is sealed with PET resin and is blocked from the outside air. The fuel sheet processing apparatus 406 may provide perforations 409 at portions where the upper sheet 404 and the lower sheet 403 are fused at appropriate intervals.

  The above is an example of a method for producing the fuel sheet 407, and any method can be used as long as the compressed waste 402 finally formed into a sheet shape is covered with PET resin so as to be sealed. Good. For example, the compressed waste 402 molded into a sheet shape may be placed on the lower sheet 403, and a molten PET resin having a certain degree of fluidity may be applied thereon. In that case, the applied molten PET resin becomes the upper sheet 404.

  Alternatively, a molten PET resin having a certain degree of fluidity is applied on the belt of the belt conveyor 405, and the compressed waste 402 molded into a sheet shape is placed thereon, and further, a molten PET having a certain degree of fluidity is placed thereon. A resin may be applied. In that case, the molten PET resin applied first becomes the lower sheet 403, and the molten PET resin applied later becomes the upper sheet 404.

  In these cases, it is not necessary for the fuel sheet processing apparatus 406 to perform pressurization and heating for sheet fusion, but it is necessary to perform cooling and pressurization for solidifying the molten PET resin. It may become.

  In the fuel sheet 407 produced in this way, as with the fuel pellets of the first embodiment, the compressed waste 402 is covered so as to be sealed with the PET resin, so that it does not absorb moisture and no odor is generated. Further, since the fuel sheet 407 is thin and has a large surface area, the fuel sheet 407 can be stored repeatedly and easily ignites during combustion. Furthermore, it can be easily divided by using the perforation, and only the necessary amount can be used, and the divided fuel seat 407 can be used like a kite by rounding it into a cylindrical shape.

  The created fuel sheet 407 is input to the thermal power generation system 128. The thermal power generation system 128 provided in the garbage fueling apparatus 400 of this embodiment and the parts related thereto are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore illustration and description thereof are omitted.

  Furthermore, the fuel sheet 407 can be easily transported to another place and used as fuel. For example, the fuel sheet 407 is filled into a container similar to the household fuel pellet supply cartridge 301 (or a cartridge suitable for sheet-like fuel, such as a cartridge having a core for winding the fuel sheet 407). May be used in the household power generation / hot water supply system 302.

  The procedure of the process performed by the garbage fueling apparatus 400 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment (see FIG. 2). However, in this embodiment, in step 207, the compressed waste 402 is sandwiched between the upper sheet 404 and the lower sheet 403 and sealed. As a result, in step 208, a fuel sheet 407 (that is, a sheet-type fuel pellet) is obtained.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  The waste fueling apparatus (not shown) of the third embodiment is the same as the waste fueling apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, except that a PET bottle type fuel pellet is produced. The following description will focus on differences between the waste fueling apparatus of the present embodiment and the waste fueling apparatus 100 of the first embodiment, and illustration and description of the common points of both will be omitted.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a procedure of processing executed by the waste fueling apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of processing executed by the waste fueling apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

  Steps 204 to 206 and 209 in FIG. 5 are the same as those in the first embodiment (FIG. 2), and a description thereof will be omitted. As a result of performing these steps, the cut compressed waste 113 and the middle water 110 are obtained.

  When the PET bottle 114 is loaded (step 201), the cutting unit (not shown) of the garbage fueling apparatus of the present embodiment cuts the PET bottle 114 (step 501).

  FIG. 6A shows the PET bottle 114 that has been put in and has not yet been cut.

  FIG. 6B shows the PET bottle 114 cut into an upper part 114a and a lower part 114b.

  This cutting is performed in order to easily pack the compressed waste 113 cut into the PET bottle 114. For this reason, a desirable cutting position is a position where the diameter of the cut surface is larger than the diameter of the spout of the PET bottle 114. More specifically, in order to make it easy to pack the cut compressed waste 113, it is desirable to cut the cut surface at a position close to the maximum diameter of the PET bottle 114, and more cut compressed waste 113 is cut. In order to pack 113, it is desirable to cut at a position close to one of the upper end or the lower end of the PET bottle 114. However, when cutting at a position close to the lower end of the PET bottle 114, it is desirable that the upper portion 114a is turned upside down and the spout is sealed, and then the compressed waste 113 is packed therein.

  The cutting unit includes, for example, a cutter 601 (see FIG. 6C) or a heat wire 602 (see FIG. 6D), thereby cutting the PET bottle 114. When the cutter 601 is used, so-called burrs are hardly generated on the cut surface, but maintenance of the blade of the cutter 601 is required. When the heat wire 602 is cut by wrapping around the cutting position of the PET bottle, the burr comes out in the direction of the inside of the PET bottle 114, but the maintenance of the heat wire 602 is hardly necessary.

  Next, the fuel pellet forming unit (not shown) of the garbage fueling apparatus of the present embodiment removes the compressed garbage 113 cut into the cut PET bottle 114 (the lower portion 114b in the example of FIG. 6E). Stuff (step 502).

  Next, the fuel pellet forming unit seals the PET bottle 114 filled with the cut compressed waste 113 by fusion (step 503).

  For example, the fuel pellet forming part blows hot air on the upper part 114a and processes it so as to increase the diameter of the cut surface (FIG. 6 (f)). For example, a claw (not shown) of a processing device may be applied to a member of the cut surface while the upper portion 114a is warmed and spread outward. Next, the fuel pellet forming part covers the upper part 114a thus processed on the lower part 114b packed with the cut compressed waste 113 (FIG. 6 (g)). Next, the fuel pellet forming unit, for example, heats the side surface while rotating the PET bottle 114, thereby fusing the portion where the upper portion 114a and the lower portion 114b overlap, and further heating the spout. Then, the PET bottle 114 is sealed by twisting (FIG. 6 (h)). As a result, a PET bottle type fuel pellet 603 is produced (step 504) (FIG. 6 (i)).

  If the size of the cut compressed waste 113 is sufficiently small (for example, several mm or less), the compressed waste 113 cut from the spout of the PET bottle 114 can be packed. In that case, it is not necessary to cut the PET bottle 114 (step 501), and the fuel pellet forming unit packs the compressed waste 113 cut from the spout into the PET bottle 114 (step 502) and seals the spout. (Step 503) Thus, a PET bottle type fuel pellet 603 is produced.

  The PET bottle type fuel pellet 603 produced in this way may be used as fuel by the thermal power generation system 128 as in the first embodiment. For example, the PET bottle type fuel pellet 603 may be the same as the household fuel pellet replenishment cartridge 301. The container may be filled and used in a domestic power generation / hot water supply system 302.

  The garbage fuelizing apparatus according to the present embodiment does not require an apparatus for pulverizing and melting the PET bottle 114, and thus is simplified as compared with the first and second embodiments, and is easily downsized. Moreover, since the produced PET bottle type fuel pellet 603 is relatively large, it can be easily handled by humans during storage, and can be kept hot.

<Fourth Embodiment>
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an electric vehicle equipped with the waste fuel conversion apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  The electric vehicle 700 of this embodiment includes a motor 701 that drives the wheels 703 and a secondary battery 702 connected to the motor 701. The electric vehicle 700 is equipped with a garbage fueling device 100. In addition, although the waste fuelizer 100 is illustrated here, this embodiment is realized even if the waste fuelizer 100 is replaced by the waste fuelizer 400 or the waste fuelizer of the third embodiment.

  The secondary battery 702 is charged by the power supplied from the power output terminal 131 of the garbage fueling apparatus 100 and supplies the motor 701 with power for driving it. The power from the power output terminal 131 of the garbage fueling apparatus 100 may be supplied to the motor 701 without passing through the secondary battery 702.

  The electric vehicle 700 further includes a control device (not shown) that controls charging / discharging of the secondary battery 702 and driving of the motor 701, which may be the same as that mounted on a conventional electric vehicle.

  The electric vehicle 700 may be a garbage collection vehicle operated by a local government, for example. For example, the electric vehicle 700 visits a garbage collection site and collects garbage. The on-board waste fueling apparatus 100 converts the collected waste into fuel pellets, and performs thermal power generation using the pellets as fuel. The electric vehicle 700 can use the electric power obtained by thermal power generation to go around the garbage collection place. If all the waste is converted into fuel pellets, it is not necessary to incinerate the waste at the waste incineration facility.

  The fuel pellets that have not been used up by the electric vehicle 700 can be filled in a household fuel pellet supply cartridge 301 or the like for sale. If a so-called smart grid is provided, electric power stored in the secondary battery 702 may be supplied to the electric power grid after the electric vehicle 700 finishes patrol of the garbage collection place.

  Further, by detachably mounting the garbage fueling apparatus 100 on the electric vehicle 700, the garbage fueling apparatus 100 can also be used for supporting a disaster area when a disaster such as an earthquake, tsunami, or flood occurs. .

  For example, the electric vehicle 700 may carry the garbage fueling device 100 to a disaster area, remove it, and install it on site. As already described, if the combustible waste and the PET bottle (or other synthetic resin waste) are supplied, the waste fueling apparatus 100 can be operated without receiving energy supply from the outside. For this reason, the waste fueling apparatus 100 can be used as an independent waste treatment facility and power generation facility even in a disaster area where a supply network of electric power, gas, oil and the like is destroyed. For example, when a large amount of debris containing combustible waste is generated due to a disaster, processing of the debris can be promoted by using the combustible waste as fuel, and the generated power can be supplied to the disaster area. If water is available, it can be used for boiling water.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100, 400 Waste fuel conversion device 101 Dry waste 102 Wet waste 103 Agitation shredding device 104 Ground waste 105 Compression dehydrator 106 Sewage 107 squeezed by dehydration Filter 108 Filter for middle water 109 Middle water tank 110 Middle water 111 Middle water piping 112 Compressed garbage cutting device 113 Cut compressed waste 114 PET bottle 115 Crusher 116 Cooling machine 117 Crushing gear 118 Crushed PET bottle 119 Melting tank 120 Heater 121 Heat exchange device 122 Pellet mold 123 Melted PET resin 124 on which cut compressed waste is placed Cut compressed compressed waste 125 whose upper side is also covered with molten PET resin 125 Molding machine 126 Molded and shaped fuel pellet 127 Fuel pellet storage tank 128 Thermal power generation system 129 Water introduction pipe 130 Air 131 Force output terminal 132 Exhaust pipe 133 Case 134 Incinerated ash 135 Heat transfer pipe 136 Output pipe 137 Pellet combustion chamber 138, 410 Fuel pellet forming part 301 Domestic fuel pellet supply cartridge 302 Domestic power generation / hot water supply system 401 Dehydration roller 402 In sheet form Molded compressed garbage 403 Lower sheet 404 Upper sheet 405 Belt conveyor 406 Fuel sheet processing device 407 Fuel sheet 408 Cut sheet-shaped compressed garbage 409 Perforation

Claims (10)

A fuel pellet preparation method for processing input waste into fuel pellets,
A first procedure for grinding combustible first type waste;
A second procedure for heating and melting a second type of waste made of a synthetic resin material;
And a third step of creating a fuel pellet by covering the periphery of the first type waste so as to be sealed with the melted second type waste. How to make. A procedure for dehydrating the pulverized first-type waste by pressurization;
The method of claim 1, further comprising: cutting the dehydrated first type waste into a predetermined size. Further comprising cooling the second type of waste and crushing the cooled second type of waste.
The said 2nd procedure WHEREIN: The said 2nd kind waste material is fuse | melted using the heat | fever generate | occur | produced in order to cool the said 2nd kind waste material, The 2nd type waste material is characterized by the above-mentioned. The fuel pellet preparation method as described. Further comprising the step of forming the pulverized first type waste into a sheet,
2. The fuel pellet manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein, in the third procedure, the first type of waste formed in the sheet shape is sandwiched between the melted second type of waste. 3. A fuel pellet making apparatus for processing the input waste into fuel pellets,
A first pulverizing unit for pulverizing combustible first type waste;
A melting part for heating and melting a second type of waste made of a synthetic resin material;
A fuel pellet forming section that forms fuel pellets by covering the periphery of the first type waste so as to be sealed with the melted second type waste. Pellet making device. A dehydrating unit for dehydrating the first type of pulverized waste by pressurization;
The fuel pellet production apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a cutting unit that cuts the dehydrated first-type waste into a predetermined size. A heat exchanger for cooling the second type of waste;
A second crushing unit for crushing the cooled second type waste,
The fuel pellet producing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the melting unit melts the pulverized second-type waste using heat generated from the heat exchange unit. A power generation unit that generates power using heat generated by burning the fuel pellets and water extracted from the first type of waste by the dehydration unit;
Storing the first pulverizing unit, the dehydrating unit, the cutting unit, the heat exchanging unit, the second pulverizing unit, the melting unit, and the power generation unit, and the first type waste input port; A housing not having an opening through which gas circulates other than the two types of waste inlet and the exhaust outlet for discharging the combustion gas of the fuel pellets,
8. The first pulverizing unit, the dehydrating unit, the cutting unit, the heat exchange unit, the second pulverizing unit, and the melting unit are operated by electric power output from the power generation unit. Fuel pellet making device. Further comprising a dewatering unit for forming the pulverized first type waste into a sheet,
The fuel pellet forming unit sandwiches the first type of waste formed in the sheet shape with the molten second type of waste, thereby surrounding the first type of waste, 6. The fuel pellet producing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the fuel pellet producing apparatus is covered with the molten second type waste so as to be sealed. The fuel pellet production apparatus according to claim 8 is detachably mounted,
A wheel, an electric motor that drives the wheel, and a secondary battery connected to the electric motor,
The secondary battery is charged by the electric power output from the thermal power generator,
An electric vehicle, wherein the electric motor is driven by electric power output from the thermal power generation apparatus.