JP2012517968A - アルキルアミド化合物およびその使用 - Google Patents
アルキルアミド化合物およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012517968A JP2012517968A JP2011549492A JP2011549492A JP2012517968A JP 2012517968 A JP2012517968 A JP 2012517968A JP 2011549492 A JP2011549492 A JP 2011549492A JP 2011549492 A JP2011549492 A JP 2011549492A JP 2012517968 A JP2012517968 A JP 2012517968A
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- 229940086735 succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003354 tissue distribution assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005945 translocation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001641 troglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-NTKDMRAZSA-N troglitazone Natural products C([C@@]1(OC=2C(C)=C(C(=C(C)C=2CC1)O)C)C)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C[C@H]1SC(=O)NC1=O GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-NTKDMRAZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000025421 tumor of uterus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006216 vaginal suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005863 α-amino(C1-C4)alkanoyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005853 β-dimethylaminoethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C07C233/54—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a hydrogen atom or to a carbon atom of a saturated carbon skeleton
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Abstract
Description
R1は、C1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、C2〜C6アルケニルおよびC2〜C6アルキニルからなる群より選択され;
R2は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R3は、それぞれの出現に対して、水素、C1〜C6アルコキシ、C1〜C6アルキル、シアノ、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシルおよびニトロからなる群より独立して選択され;
R4は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C6アルキルである。
R2は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R3は、それぞれの出現に対して、水素、C1〜C6アルコキシ、C1〜C6アルキル、シアノ、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、およびニトロからなる群より独立して選択され;
R5は、C1〜C6アルキルである。
用語「処置」は、状態、疾患、および障害などの改善(improvement)をもたらす、あらゆる影響(例えば、減らすこと(lessening)、軽減すること(reducing)、調節すること、または排除すること)を含む。
R1は、C1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、C2〜C6アルケニルおよびC2〜C6アルキニルからなる群より選択され;
R2は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R3は、それぞれの出現に対して、水素、C1〜C6アルコキシ、C1〜C6アルキル、シアノ、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシルおよびニトロからなる群より独立して選択され;
R4は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R5は、C1〜C6アルキルである。
R2は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R3は、それぞれの出現に対して、水素、C1〜C6アルコキシ、C1〜C6アルキル、シアノ、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシルおよびニトロからなる群より独立して選択され;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C6アルキルである。
R3は、それぞれの出現に対して、水素、C1〜C6アルコキシ、C1〜C6アルキル、シアノ、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシルおよびニトロからなる群より独立して選択され;
R4は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R5は、水素またはC1〜C6アルキルであり;ならびに
Aは、縮合された5員複素環または6員複素環である。
ここでpは1または2であり;
R1は、C1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、C2〜C6アルケニルおよびC2〜C6アルキニルからなる群より選択され;
R4およびR8は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群よりそれぞれ独立して選択される。
本開示は、いくつかの実施形態において、1つまたはそれより多くのPPARおよび/もしくはEGF受容体の活性を調節する方法であって、該受容体を本発明の化合物に曝すことを含む方法をさらに提供する。例えば、本明細書中で提供されるのは、患者における1つまたはそれより多くのPPARおよび/もしくはEGF受容体の発現または活性に関連する疾患を処置する方法であって、治療上有効な量の本発明の化合物を該患者へ投与することを含む方法である。
0.5Lのガラス反応器に入った(R)−(−)−3−(4−アミノフェニル)−2−メトキシプロピオン酸(40g)にエチルアセテート(80g)および無水酢酸(62.8g)を添加した。この混合物を90℃で1時間、攪拌した。冷却の際、減圧蒸留により溶媒を取り除いて、油性の残留物を得た。この残留物に水(120g)およびエチルアセテート(120g)を添加した。35℃で10分間、攪拌した後、これらの層を分離して、水層を捨てた。有機層の溶媒を減圧蒸留により取り除いた。次にアセトン(120g)を添加し、結果として生じる混合物を溶解が完了するまで温めた。溶液を0℃まで冷却し、濾過により回収される生成物が沈殿した。その固体をアセトン(20g)ですすぎ、65℃で乾燥して26gの表題の化合物を得た。
PPARγおよびPPARα受容体に対する、化合物A、Bおよびそれらの非アセチル化誘導体(ならびに5−アミノサリチル酸(salicyclic acid)(5−ASA)および5−アセトアミド−ヒドロキシ安息香酸)の結合を評価した。
C57bI6マウスにおける大腸炎を、3日目に、経口胃管栄養法によりTNBS(150mg/kg)を投与することによって誘導した。糞のサンプルを投与の8時間後に取得した。0日目〜5日目において、N−アセチル化E2(30mM)を経口胃管栄養法により投与した。5日目にマウスを分析し、死亡率肉眼的スコア(mortality macroscopic score)(Wallace、Gastroenterology 96:29−36、1989)を得た。
試験下にある物質の、可能性のある毒性効果または細胞増殖抑制性効果を判断するために、分光測定テスト(MTT)を実施した。皮膚生検から単離されたヒト初代ケラチノサイトを24ウェルプレートのウェルにおいて、抗生物質、カルシウム、および特定の増殖因子の添加を伴う適切な培地中にプレートした。約70%の集密において、その細胞を、24時間および48時間の間、抗生物質、カルシウムの添加を伴うが増殖因子は存在しない適切な培地中において、種々の濃度(0.1−1−2mM)における化合物Aの存在に曝した。この培養条件を続く全ての実験について行った。処置の最後に、MTTテストを行った。結果を図5に示す。使用された全ての濃度における化合物Aは、細胞生命力(cellular vitality)における影響を全く示さなかった。
H2O2による炎症性サイトカインTNF−αのmRNA誘導についての化合物Aの阻害の分析をリアルタイムRT−PCRにより実施した。ケラチノサイトを6cm/φ(直径)のディッシュ内にプレートした。80%の集密において、その細胞を、6時間の間、3つの濃度(0.01−0.1−0.5mM)における化合物Aの存在下でH2O2(300μM)によって処置した。処置の最後に、その細胞を溶解バッファー中で溶解し、単離および続くRNAの逆転写(retrotranscription)に供した。化合物Aは、2つのより多い用量(0.1mM;0.5mM)において、H2O2により誘導されるTNF−αのmRNAの発現を阻害し得ることが判明した。より多い用量により、トログリタゾン(Tg)と同様の効果を伴う、炎症性サイトカインの完全な阻害が実証された(図6)。
INF−γによる炎症性サイトカインIL−6のmRNA誘導についての化合物Aによる阻害の分析をリアルタイムRT−PCRによって行った。ケラチノサイトを6cm/φのディッシュ内にプレートした。
H2O2の存在により誘導される核性転写因子NF−κBの活性化についての化合物Aによる阻害の評価を、細胞蛍光測定法(cytofluorimetry)における分析により行った。
LPS(リポ多糖類)によるIL−6のタンパク質誘導についての化合物Aによる阻害の分析をELISAキットを用いて行った。ケラチノサイトを24ウェルプレートのウェルにプレートした。80%の集密において、その細胞を、24時間の間、3つの濃度(0.01−0.1−0.5mM)における化合物Aの存在下でLPS(10μg/ml)によって処置した。処置の最後に、上清をデカントし、遠心分離してあらゆる細胞デトリタスを取り除き、分析の時まで−80℃で保存した。この上清に存在するIL−6の量をサンプル自体のタンパク質濃度により正規化した。結果(図9)により、試験下にある炎症性サイトカインのタンパク質発現を用量依存性の様式で阻害する化合物Aの能力が明らかになった。
試験下にある物質の、可能性のある毒性効果または細胞増殖抑制性効果を判断するために、分光測定テスト(MTT)を実施した。皮脂腺細胞を24ウェルプレートのウェルにおいて、抗生物質、カルシウム、およびEGFの添加を伴う適切な培地中にプレートした。おおよそ70%の集密において、その細胞を、24時間および48時間の間、種々の濃度(0.1−0.5−1−2mM)における化合物Aの存在に曝した。処置の最後に、MTTテストを行った。使用された全ての濃度における化合物Aは、細胞生命力に影響しないことを実証した(図10)。
リノール酸(LA)および、テストステロン(TST)を用いる処置により誘導される皮脂生成についての(化合物A)による阻害の分析を、細胞内脂質の選択マーカーとしてナイルレッドを用いて分光蛍光法により評価した(ナイルレッドアッセイ)。皮脂腺細胞を24ウェルプレートのウェルにプレートした。翌日、血清(2%)を除き、24時間後に、A(1mM)の存在下または非存在下でLA(10−4M)、TST(20nM)を用いて、さらに24時間の間、刺激した。処置の最後に、その皮脂腺細胞をナイルレッドで染色した。分光蛍光法により定量分析を行い、これにより、励起および発光の異なる波長に基づき中性脂質と極性脂質とを区別することが可能となった。得られたデータにより、LAを用いる処置が脂質合成を誘導し得ること、そして組み合わせたLA+TST処置がこの効果をさらに増大させることが明らかになった。化合物Aの存在により、脂質生成の刺激が減少し得ることが判明した(図11)。
LAおよびTSTにより誘導される皮脂生成についての化合物Aによる阻害をより詳細に評価するために、質量分析法と一緒になったガスクロマトグラフィー(GC−MS)を用いて皮脂腺細胞の脂質抽出物においてアッセイを行った。皮脂腺細胞をナイルレッドアッセイのために記載されるスキームにより処置した。処置の最後に、細胞を取り除き、その後、脂質抽出を有機溶媒を用いて行った。その抽出物の一部分を脂肪酸組成を分析するために使用し、他方、他の部分をスクアレンの量の決定、皮脂の脂質特徴付けのために使用した。脂肪酸アッセイにより、LAおよびLA+TSTを用いる処置により誘導される脂質生成の刺激がAの存在により減少することが示された(図12A)。これらの結果は、スクアレン分析により確認される(図12B)。
リノール酸(LA)を用いる、およびテストステロン(TST)を用いる処置により誘導される皮脂生成についての化合物Aによる阻害の分析を、細胞内脂質の選択マーカーとしてナイルレッドを用いて、分光蛍光法により評価した(ナイルレッドアッセイ)。皮脂腺細胞を24ウェルプレートのウェルにプレートした。翌日、血清(2%)を除き、24時間後に、化合物A(1mM)の存在下または非存在下でLA(10−4M)、TST(20nM)を用いて、さらに24時間の間、刺激した。処置の最後に、その皮脂腺細胞をナイルレッドで染色した。分光蛍光法により定量分析を行い、これにより、励起および発光の異なる波長に基づき中性脂質と極性脂質とを区別することが可能となった。得られたデータ(図13)により、LAを用いる処置が脂質合成を誘導し得ること、および組み合わせたLA+TST処置がこの効果をさらに増大させることが明らかになった。化合物Aの存在により、脂質生成の刺激が減少し得ることが判明した。そのAを用いる処置の時間に関して、違いは観測されなかった。
本明細書中で言及される全ての刊行物および特許(例えば、下に列挙されるそれらの項目が挙げられる)は、あたかも個々の刊行物または特許のそれぞれが具体的に、かつ個々に参考として援用されるかのごとく、本明細書によりその全体が参考として援用される。矛盾がある場合、本明細書中におけるあらゆる定義を含む本願が支配する。
本対象の発明の特定の実施形態が論じられているが、上記の明細書は実例となるものであって限定するものではない。本発明の多くのバリエーションは、本明細書の検討の際に当業者に明らかとなる。本発明の全範囲は、等価物の全範囲とともに特許請求の範囲への参照、およびそのようなバリエーションとともに本明細書への参照により決定されるべきである。
本発明は、例えば以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
式Iの化合物、またはその薬学的に受容可能な塩もしくはN−オキシドであって、
ここでXはC 1 〜C 3 アルキレンであって、必要に応じて、ハロゲンもしくはヒドロキシルから選択される、1つ、2つ、または3つの置換基で置換されるC 1 〜C 3 アルキレンであり;
R 1 は、C 1 〜C 6 アルキル、C 3 〜C 6 シクロアルキル、C 2 〜C 6 アルケニルおよびC 2 〜C 6 アルキニルからなる群より選択され;
R 2 は、水素およびC 1 〜C 6 アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R 3 は、それぞれの出現に対して、水素、C 1 〜C 6 アルコキシ、C 1 〜C 6 アルキル、シアノ、C 3 〜C 6 シクロアルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシルおよびニトロからなる群より独立して選択され;
R 4 は、水素およびC 1 〜C 6 アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R 5 は、水素またはC 1 〜C 6 アルキルである、化合物。
(項目2)
R 1 がC 1 〜C 6 アルキルである、項目1に記載の化合物。
(項目3)
R 1 がメチルである、項目1または2に記載の化合物。
(項目4)
R 3 が、それぞれの出現に対して、水素である、項目1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
(項目5)
R 5 がメチルまたはエチルである、項目1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
(項目6)
Xが(CH 2 ) n であり、ここでnが1または2である、項目1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
(項目7)
nが1である、項目5に記載の化合物。
(項目8)
前記化合物は、
によって表される、項目1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
(項目9)
によって表される、項目1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
(項目10)
化合物N−アセチル−(R)−(−)−3−(4−アミノフェニル)−2−メトキシプロピオン酸。
(項目11)
項目1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、またはその薬学的に受容可能な塩もしくはN−オキシドおよび薬学的に受容可能なキャリアを含む、薬学的組成物。
(項目12)
薬学的に有効な量の項目1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を投与する工程を包含する、慢性炎症を処置または回復することを必要とする被験体における慢性炎症を処置または回復する方法。
(項目13)
薬学的に有効な量の項目1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を投与する工程を包含する、クローン病または潰瘍性大腸炎を処置または回復することを必要とする被験体におけるクローン病または潰瘍性大腸炎を処置または回復する方法。
(項目14)
薬学的に有効な量の項目1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を投与する工程を包含する、皮膚科学的状態を処置することを必要とする被験体における皮膚科学的状態を処置する投薬計画(regimen)または方法。
(項目15)
前記皮膚科学的状態が以下:尋常性ざ瘡、面ぽう型ざ瘡、多形性ざ瘡、しゅさ性ざ瘡、小結節嚢胞性ざ瘡、集簇性ざ瘡、老人性ざ瘡、二次ざ瘡、日光性ざ瘡、薬物性ざ瘡もしくは職業性ざ瘡、魚鱗癬、ダリエー病、掌蹠角化症もしくは手掌足底角化症、皮膚の乾癬、粘膜の乾癬もしくは爪の乾癬、紫外線へ曝すことに起因する皮膚障害、皮膚老化の皮膚障害、光誘導もしくは年代もしくは光線性の、色素沈着および角化症、高脂漏性ざ瘡、単純脂漏もしくは脂漏性皮膚炎、アトピー性皮膚炎、乾癬、瘢痕化障害または皮膚線条のうちの少なくとも1つである、項目14に記載の方法。
(項目16)
前記組成物が経口で、または局所的に投与される、項目14または15に記載の方法。
(項目17)
皮膚の小じわ、しわ、もしくは表面のでこぼこを処置する、または皮膚に対するフリーラジカル損傷から保護する、および/もしくは皮膚に対するフリーラジカル損傷を回復する方法であって、該方法は、項目1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を含む有効な量の組成物を局所的に投与する工程を包含する、方法。
(項目18)
薬学的に有効な量の項目1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を投与する工程を包含する、がんを処置および/または予防することを必要とする被験体におけるがんを処置および/または予防する方法。
(項目19)
有効な量の項目1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を結腸直腸がんの危険にある患者へ投与する工程を包含する、結腸の発癌を予防するまたは軽減する方法。
Claims (19)
- 式Iの化合物、またはその薬学的に受容可能な塩もしくはN−オキシドであって、
ここでXはC1〜C3アルキレンであって、必要に応じて、ハロゲンもしくはヒドロキシルから選択される、1つ、2つ、または3つの置換基で置換されるC1〜C3アルキレンであり;
R1は、C1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、C2〜C6アルケニルおよびC2〜C6アルキニルからなる群より選択され;
R2は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R3は、それぞれの出現に対して、水素、C1〜C6アルコキシ、C1〜C6アルキル、シアノ、C3〜C6シクロアルキル、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシルおよびニトロからなる群より独立して選択され;
R4は、水素およびC1〜C6アルキルからなる群より選択され;
R5は、水素、C1〜C6アルキルである、化合物。 - R1がC1〜C6アルキルである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1がメチルである、請求項1または2に記載の化合物。
- R3が、それぞれの出現に対して、水素である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- R5がメチルまたはエチルである、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- Xが(CH2)nであり、ここでnが1または2である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- nが1である、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- 化合物N−アセチル−(R)−(−)−3−(4−アミノフェニル)−2−メトキシプロピオン酸。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物、またはその薬学的に受容可能な塩もしくはN−オキシドおよび薬学的に受容可能なキャリアを含む、薬学的組成物。
- 薬学的に有効な量の請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を投与する工程を包含する、慢性炎症を処置または回復することを必要とする被験体における慢性炎症を処置または回復する方法。
- 薬学的に有効な量の請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を投与する工程を包含する、クローン病または潰瘍性大腸炎を処置または回復することを必要とする被験体におけるクローン病または潰瘍性大腸炎を処置または回復する方法。
- 薬学的に有効な量の請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を投与する工程を包含する、皮膚科学的状態を処置することを必要とする被験体における皮膚科学的状態を処置する投薬計画(regimen)または方法。
- 前記皮膚科学的状態が以下:尋常性ざ瘡、面ぽう型ざ瘡、多形性ざ瘡、しゅさ性ざ瘡、小結節嚢胞性ざ瘡、集簇性ざ瘡、老人性ざ瘡、二次ざ瘡、日光性ざ瘡、薬物性ざ瘡もしくは職業性ざ瘡、魚鱗癬、ダリエー病、掌蹠角化症もしくは手掌足底角化症、皮膚の乾癬、粘膜の乾癬もしくは爪の乾癬、紫外線へ曝すことに起因する皮膚障害、皮膚老化の皮膚障害、光誘導もしくは年代もしくは光線性の、色素沈着および角化症、高脂漏性ざ瘡、単純脂漏もしくは脂漏性皮膚炎、アトピー性皮膚炎、乾癬、瘢痕化障害または皮膚線条のうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が経口で、または局所的に投与される、請求項14または15に記載の方法。
- 皮膚の小じわ、しわ、もしくは表面のでこぼこを処置する、または皮膚に対するフリーラジカル損傷から保護する、および/もしくは皮膚に対するフリーラジカル損傷を回復する方法であって、該方法は、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を含む有効な量の組成物を局所的に投与する工程を包含する、方法。
- 薬学的に有効な量の請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を投与する工程を包含する、がんを処置および/または予防することを必要とする被験体におけるがんを処置および/または予防する方法。
- 有効な量の請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を結腸直腸がんの危険にある患者へ投与する工程を包含する、結腸の発癌を予防するまたは軽減する方法。
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