JP2012139190A - Root vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently exclude the soil that adheres to a root crop pulled out by a root vegetable harvester.SOLUTION: A spatula 102 progresses near a root crop such as Arctium lappa R grown by a line shape in a cultivation ridge W, and strikes up the root crop turning to a ground surface GL. A pulling up conveying part 103 is located in the rear side of the traveling direction of a tractor 51 than the spatula 102, holds the upper part of the root crop struck up by the spatula 102, pulls up the root crop, and transports it to a stocker 104. A soil removal body 201 is located in the forward side of the traveling direction of the tractor 51 rather than the pulling up conveying part 103, and destroys the soil struck up with the root crop and retained in the upper latral of the root crop.

Description

  The present invention relates to a root vegetable harvester that harvests long root vegetables such as burdock cultivated in a line along a ridge.

  Conventionally, for long root vegetables such as burdock cultivated in a row along the ridge, a pair of sandwich belts that dig up the soil in the vicinity of this root vegetable to lift the root vegetables together with the soil and rotate by pulleys ( 2. Description of the Related Art A root crop harvesting machine that sandwiches and conveys a root vegetable lifted by a sandwiching section and puts it in a stocker for harvesting is popular (for example, Patent Document 1). At the starting end portion of the sandwiching belt, the floated soil climbs onto the sandwiching belt and the pulley, and the soil is clogged between the pair of sandwiching belts and between the sandwiching belt and the pulley, so that the transport performance of the sandwiching unit is reduced. Further, the front end of the sandwiching part is positioned in the ground, and not only the soil adhered to the extracted root vegetables but also the soil of the ridges raised when the root vegetables rises enters the sandwiching part.

  In this regard, in the long root vegetable harvesting machine described in Patent Document 1, the soil waste discharging bodies 6 and 6 are eccentric positions of the pair of left and right rotating bodies 7 and 7 provided at the front portions of the sandwiching belts 4 and 4, respectively. 8 and 8, respectively. According to Patent Document 1, the soil waste discharging body 6 breaks and discharges the mud adhering to the long root vegetables to be transported, and mud between the belt 4 and the pulley 10 or between the sandwiching belts 4 and 4. It is said that the clogging is greatly reduced, the function of the pulling and conveying unit 5 is improved, and workability can be improved.

Japanese Patent No. 3507942

  The soil waste discharging body 6 provided in the long root vegetable harvesting machine of Patent Document 1 is provided at a position eccentric from the center of the rotating body 7. For this reason, the soil waste body 6 cannot always come into contact with the soil attached to the extracted root vegetables. Further, the soil waste discharging body 6 is in the same position as the clamping start ends of the clamping belts 4 and 4. For this reason, the clumping hard soil which has not collapsed always contacts the nipping start end portions of the nipping belts 4 and 4 to prevent the root vegetables from being nipped.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said point, and it aims at preventing the functional fall of the root vegetable harvester by the soil which floated with the root vegetable with the root vegetable harvester.

  The root vegetable harvesting machine of the present invention is (a) a digging body that advances in the vicinity of the root vegetables cultivated in a row and lifts the root vegetables, and (b) is located behind the digging body in the traveling direction. A pulling and conveying unit that grips an upper part of the root vegetable lifted by the digging body and pulls out and conveys the root vegetable; and (c) is located on the front side in the traveling direction from the pulling and conveying unit, and the digging body And a soil remover that breaks down and eliminates the soil on the upper side of the root vegetable that has floated together with the root vegetable.

  According to the present invention, the soil removed from the side of the root vegetables floating together with the soil by the excavated body is removed while the soil remover breaks down, and in this state, the root of the root vegetables is gripped by the lifting and conveying section. As a result, the amount of soil entering the pulling and conveying unit is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the function of the pulling and conveying unit of the root vegetable harvesting machine due to the soil floating together with the root vegetables in the root vegetable harvesting machine.

It is a left view of a root crop harvesting machine. It is a left sectional view of a root crop harvesting machine. It is a top view of a root crop harvesting machine. It is a rear view of a root crop harvesting machine. It is a left view of a soil removal body. It is a rear view of a soil removal body. It is the figure which looked at the B section in FIG. 6 by planar view. It is a rear view of the soil removal body which advances the inside of a cultivation basket.

  One embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment is an example when the root vegetable is burdock.

  FIG. 1 is a left side view of the root vegetable harvesting machine 101. FIG. 2 is a left sectional view of the root vegetable harvesting machine 101. The root vegetable harvesting machine 101 is for harvesting the burdock R cultivated in a line on the cultivation basket W formed in the field. The root vegetable harvesting machine 101 is connected to a three-point link mechanism 52 provided on the rear side of the tractor 51. The root vegetable harvesting machine 101 includes a spatula 102 as an excavation upper part, a pulling and conveying unit 103, a stocker 104, and a soil removing body 201. When the tractor 51 travels along the cultivation basket W, the spatula 102 causes the burdock R and the soil S around the burdock R to rise toward the ground surface GL. The pulling and conveying unit 103 is disposed behind and above the spatula 102, grasps the upper part of the burdock R that is lifted by the spatula 102, pulls the burdock R from the cultivation basket W, and conveys it to the rear side of the root vegetable harvester 101. The stocker 104 is disposed behind and below the pull-up conveyance unit 103 and stores the burdock R conveyed by the pull-up conveyance unit 103. When the weight of the burdock R stored in the stocker 104 exceeds a predetermined value, the bottom of the stocker 104 opens, and the burdock R stored in the stocker 104 falls to the ground surface GL.

  In the present embodiment, the soil S floating together with the burdock R by the spatula 102 is crushed and softened by the soil removing body 201 and removed, and then the burdock R is gripped by the pulling conveyance unit 103.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view of the root vegetable harvesting machine 101. FIG. 4 is a rear view of the root vegetable harvesting machine 101. 3 and 4, only a part of the configuration of the root vegetable harvester 101 is shown, and the other parts are omitted. Please refer to FIGS. The root vegetable harvesting machine 101 includes a fixed frame 111. The fixed frame 111 is connected to the three-point link mechanism 52.

  The fixed frame 111 includes a horizontal pipe 112 extending in the vehicle width direction A. A support pipe 112 a is slidably attached to the outer periphery of the horizontal pipe 112. The support pipe 112a forms part of the moving frame 113. At the rear end of the moving frame 113, a rotating frame 113b is rotatably provided via a support shaft 113a. The support pipe 112a is moved in the vehicle width direction A by a hydraulic cylinder 112b fixed to the fixed frame 111. As the support pipe 112a slides, the support pipe 112a, the moving frame 113, and the rotating frame 113b slide together in the vehicle width direction A.

  A beam 114 is attached to the rotating frame 113b. The beam 114 has a long length extending in the vertical direction. The beam 114 is tilted so that a lower portion thereof is positioned forward and inward in the vehicle width direction A with respect to the upper portion, and is fixed to the rotating frame 113b.

  The spatula 102 is attached to the lower end of the beam 114. The spatula 102 is inclined to rise as it goes rearward, extends in the front-rear direction in a plan view, and has an inverted octagonal shape in a front view. A blade-like portion 102 a is formed at the front end of the spatula 102.

  Above the moving frame 113, mechanisms such as an input shaft 115a, a vertically moving body 115b, a universal joint 115c, and the like that transmit power and branch off are arranged. This mechanism is covered with a cover 115. The vertical moving body 115b moves up and down in response to the rotational force of the input shaft 115a.

  The input shaft 115a protrudes from the cover 115 to the front side of the root vegetable harvesting machine 101 in plan view. The input shaft 115a is attached to a PTO shaft (not shown) provided in the tractor 51 via a universal joint (not shown). Power is transmitted from the tractor 51 to the input shaft 115a. A part of this power causes the rotation frame 113b to rotate in the vertical direction (the direction of the arrow R1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) about the support shaft 113a via the vertical moving body 115b. As the rotating frame 113b rotates, the beam 114 and the spatula 102 also rotate in the direction of the arrow R1. An input shaft cover 116b is provided above the input shaft 115a. The input shaft cover 116 b forms a part of the cover 115.

  The universal joint 115 c transmits part of the power input to the input shaft 115 a to the pulling conveyance unit 103 and drives the pulling conveyance unit 103. The universal joint 115c can be expanded and contracted to a desired length.

  Below the input shaft 115a, a gauge wheel 119 and a bowl-shaped earth discharging disc 120 are disposed. Both the gauge wheel 119 and the earth removal disc 120 are attached to the fixed frame 111. The gauge wheel 119 travels on the ground surface GL, and makes the root vegetable harvester 101 have a constant posture. The gauge wheel 119 adjusts the depth at which the soil removal disk 120 pierces the ground surface GL.

  A rear portion of the moving frame 113 extends upward, and a holding frame 118 extends therefrom. The holding frame 118 holds the pulling conveyance unit 103 and slides in the vehicle width direction A together with the moving frame 113. Specifically, the pulling and conveying unit 103 includes a pair of sandwiching belts 122 that face each other in the vehicle width direction A. The clamping belt 122 is endless, is stretched over a driven pulley 123 positioned in front and a driving pulley 124 positioned in the rear, and extends so as to gradually rise rearward in a side view. The clamping belt 122 is stretched by a plurality of support pulleys 125 positioned between the driven pulley 123 and the driving pulley 124. The driven pulley 123, the drive pulley 124, and the support pulley 125 are held by the holding frame 118.

  The driving pulley 124 is connected to the universal joint 115c, and is rotated by the power input from the input shaft 115a and transmitted through the universal joint 115c, and rotates the driven pulley 123 in the direction R2 shown in FIG.

  The holding frame 118 also holds the stocker 104. The stocker 104 has a hook shape and includes a guide wheel 127, a plurality of receiving rods 128, and a spring (not shown). The receiving rod 128 extends in the short direction of the stocker 104 and is rotatable so as to move downward, and is directed in a substantially horizontal direction by a spring and functions as the bottom of the stocker 104. The guide wheel 127 is disposed in front of the stocker 104. The guide wheel 127 contacts the burdock R conveyed by the pulling conveyance unit 103 and tilts the burdock R hanging vertically (see FIG. 1). When the upper portion of the burdock R is released at the end of the pulling up and conveying unit 103, the burdock R is stored in the stocker 104 and placed on the receiving rod 128. When a certain amount of the stored burdock R is stored, the receiving rod 128 rotates downward by the weight of the burdock R. As a result, the stored burdock R is discharged from the stocker 104 by a certain amount.

  Here, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the clamping belt 122 has a predetermined distance (for example, cultivation) in which the rear end of the root vegetable harvesting machine 101 is in the vehicle width direction A with respect to the front end in plan view. It extends obliquely with respect to the traveling direction of the root vegetable harvesting machine 101 so as to be displaced by an amount equivalent to one ridge W. The stocker 104 is directed obliquely (for example, approximately 40 degrees) with respect to the traveling direction of the root vegetable harvester 101 so as to extend in the length direction of the clamping belt 122 in plan view.

  A guide arm 129 extends from the holding frame 118. The guide arm 129 extends upward from the upper surface of the front end portion of the holding frame 118 and bends in the middle. The front end portion of the holding frame 118 is located in the vicinity of the upper surface of the driven pulley 123. A guide plate 130 is attached to the tip portion. The guide plate 130 extends in parallel with the driven pulley 123 and has an eight-letter shape when viewed from the front. The guide plate 130 prevents the dirt and foreign matter from being caught in the driven pulley 123 and the sandwiching belt 122.

  FIG. 5 is a left side view of the soil removing body 201. FIG. 6 is a rear view of the soil removing body 201. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a portion B in FIG. The soil removing body 201 is fixedly attached to the beam 114 and is positioned in front of the lifting and conveying unit 103 in the traveling direction. The soil removing body 201 extends rearward and downward from the root vegetable harvesting machine 101 from the beam 114, and bends downward vertically. It is a member extended in. The soil removal body 201 is formed of a rigid body such as a metal and has sufficient strength to break up and discharge the soil floating from the cultivation basket W.

  The soil removal body 201 has a main body 202 attached to the beam 114. A first wing 208, a second wing 209, and a third wing 210 are fixedly attached to the main body 202.

  The main body 202 has a plate shape with a substantially uniform thickness in the vehicle width direction A, and looks like a “<” shape when viewed from the side. At the front end of the main body 202, there is an attachment 203 for attaching to the beam 114 with a bolt or the like. An inclined portion 204 that forms a part of the main body portion 202 extends from the attachment portion 203 to the rear side. The inclined portion 204 is inclined at an angle of 20 degrees to 30 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction so that the rear side is slightly lowered. A rear end side of the inclined portion 204 is bent downward, and a vertical portion 205 forming a part of the main body portion 202 extends therefrom. The length of the vertical portion 205 is approximately twice the length of the inclined portion 204. On the front side surface of the vertical portion 205, a blade-like portion 206 that is tapered forward in a plan view is formed. The blade-like portion 206 extends to the lower end of the vertical portion 205.

  The first wing 208 has a plate shape that is inclined so as to be lowered toward the front. The first wing 208 includes a rectangular portion 208 a extending forward from the rear end surface of the vertical portion 205. A front end portion 208b having a substantially triangular shape in plan view is adjacent to the front side of the rectangular portion 208a. The distal end portion 208 b is located below the blade-like portion 206. The inclination angle of the front end portion 208b with respect to the horizontal direction is smaller than the inclination angle of the rectangular portion 208a with respect to the horizontal direction. A blade-like portion 208c is formed at the front end of the front end portion 208b.

  The second wing 209 has a plate shape that extends away from the vertical portion 205 toward the rear in plan view and is slightly bent so that the front side is concave. The second wing 209 extends on one side surface (for example, the left side surface) of the vertical portion 205 in the vehicle width direction A so as to rise from the substantially vertical center of the vertical portion 205 toward the rear as viewed in a side view. ing. A blade-like portion 209 a is formed on the front end surface of the second wing 209.

  The third wing 210 is provided at the same height as the root of the second wing 209 on the other side surface (for example, the right side surface) of the vertical portion 205 of the first wing 208 in the vehicle width direction A. The third wing 210 has the same shape as that obtained by dividing the first wing 208 in the vehicle width direction A. A blade-like portion 210 a is formed at the front end of the third wing 210.

  FIG. 8 is a rear view of the soil removal body 201 that travels in the cultivation basket W. FIG. Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. The soil removing body 201 is fixedly attached to the beam 114, and is positioned above the rear portion of the spatula 102 and on the front side of the pulling conveyance unit 103. At this time, the main body 202 is positioned above the spatula 102. Further, the second wing 209 is directed outward in the vehicle width direction A. When the soil removing body 201 is attached to the beam 114, it rotates in the direction of the arrow R1 around the support shaft 113a together with the beam 114 and the spatula 102 in accordance with the rotation of the support shaft 113a. Swing along the intersecting plane C.

  When harvesting the burdock R cultivated in the cultivation basket W using such a root vegetable harvesting machine 101, the blade 102 a of the spatula 102 provided in the root vegetable harvesting machine 101 is turned into the cultivation basket W by operating the tractor 51. It is positioned near the root of the burdock R being planted.

  Subsequently, when the tractor 51 travels, the root crop harvesting machine 101 is pulled by the tractor 51 and proceeds forward, and the spatula 102 advances through the base of the burdock R, and the burdock R rises together with the surrounding soil S. The soil S is attached to the burdock R that has been lifted, and a mass S1 made up of the burdock R and the soil S is placed on the spatula 102. A part of the soil S around the burdock R (the portion indicated by reference numeral S2 in FIG. 8) of the soil mass S1 is crushed and softened by the soil removing body 201 and is removed. At this time, the 1st wing 208 inclines so that the front may become down, and is advantageous for making the soil below the soil removal body 201 loosen. In addition, the third wing 210 makes the soil S located closer to the burdock R than the main body portion 202 bulges. Further, the second wing 209 moves the removed soil S far away from the burdock R. Furthermore, since the soil removal body 201 rotates around the support shaft 113a, the soil S adhering to the burdock R is destroyed and efficiently removed.

  Subsequently, the upper part of the burdock R that has been lifted by the spatula 102 and from which the soil S has been removed by the soil removing body 201 is gripped by the sandwiching belt 122 of the pulling conveyance unit 103. At this time, the guide plate 130 prevents the dirt and foreign matter from being caught in the driven pulley 123 and the sandwiching belt 122. The burdock R gripped on the upper part is conveyed rearward by the pulling and conveying unit 103 and put into the stocker 104.

  As the tractor 51 advances, the burdock R is successively pulled out and stored in the stocker 104 as described above. When a certain amount of burdock R is stored in the stocker 104, the burdock R gathers and falls to the ground surface GL. An operator who follows the tractor 51 picks up the burdock R on the ground surface GL and loads it on the accompanying vehicle (not shown).

  As described above, in the root vegetable harvesting machine 101 of the present embodiment, the soil S adhering to the burdock R lifted by the spatula 102 is swelled and removed by the soil removing body 201, and then the upper part of the burdock R is sandwiched by the clamping belt 122. To be gripped. Thereby, the amount of soil S entering between the sandwiching belt 122 and between the sandwiching belt 122 and the pulleys (the driven pulley 123, the drive pulley 124, and the support pulley 125) is reduced. Therefore, the functional degradation of the root vegetable harvester 101 due to the soil S adhering to the burdock R pulled out by the root vegetable harvester 101 is prevented.

  In this embodiment, the spatula 102 is attached to the beam 114 and swings. However, as another embodiment, the spatula 102 is fixedly attached to the fixed frame 111 and does not swing. It may be.

  In the present embodiment, the root vegetables are burdocks. However, it goes without saying that the root vegetable harvesting machine 101 of the present embodiment can be applied to a cultivation basket in which other long root plants are grown in a line.

101 root crop harvesting machine 102 spatula
103 Lifting conveyance part 201 Soil removal body 208 1st wing 209 2nd wing 210 3rd wing A Car width direction C Surface crossing the vehicle width direction R Burdock (root vegetables)
S Sat

Claims (3)

A digging body that advances in the vicinity of root vegetables cultivated in a row and lifts the root vegetables,
A pulling conveyance unit that is located on the rear side in the traveling direction from the digging body, grips the upper part of the root vegetable lifted by the digging body, and draws and conveys the root vegetable;
A soil removing body that is located on the front side in the traveling direction from the pulling conveyance unit, and destroys and eliminates the soil of the upper side portion of the root vegetable that has floated together with the root vegetable by the digging body,
A root crop harvester equipped with. The soil removal body swings along a plane intersecting the vehicle width direction;
The root vegetable harvester according to claim 1. The soil removing body is provided with a wing for keeping the removed soil away from root vegetables,
A root crop harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2.

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