JP2012119160A - Electrostatic drive switch, transmission body, reception body, and power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrostatic drive switch, or the like, which can enhance the life and reliability of a power supply system.SOLUTION: The electrostatic drive switch provided in a transmission body 10A to supply power to a reception body 20A switches the connection state of a power supply and a transmission electrode in order to supply power from the power supply to the transmission electrode of the transmission body 10A disposed to face a reception electrode of the reception body 20A. The electrostatic drive switch comprises a movable electret plate, an electrostatic terminal 13d to be connected with the transmission electrode, a first power supply terminal 13econnected with a first electrode 11a of the power supply, and a second power supply terminal 13econnected with a second electrode 11b of the power supply.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply system for supplying power to various loads, and an electrostatic drive switch, a power transmission body, and a power reception body therefor.

  In general, a power supply system for supplying power from a power transmitting body to various loads via a power receiving body generally uses contact-type power depending on the contact state between the power transmitting body and the power receiving body at the time of power supply. It can be roughly divided into a supply system and a non-contact power supply system.

  The contact-type power supply system is configured, for example, by arranging a power transmission body under the floor and a power reception body on the floor, and with respect to the power transmission electrode of the power transmission body exposed on the floor surface, the power reception body By directly contacting the power receiving electrode from above, power is supplied from the power transmitting body to the power receiving body.

  On the other hand, as a non-contact type power supply system, there is a system proposed by the inventors of the present application (for example, see Patent Document 1 for using series resonance and Patent Document 2 for using parallel resonance). . This non-contact power supply system is configured by arranging a power transmission body (fixed body) under the floor and a power reception body (movable body) on the floor, and receiving power from the power transmission electrode of the power transmission body and the power reception body. Capacitors are configured by facing the electrodes in a non-contact manner across the boundary surface, and a series resonant circuit and a parallel resonant circuit including the capacitors are formed to supply power from the power transmission body to the power reception body. It is possible to do.

  A common problem in such a conventional power supply system is to improve the degree of freedom of arrangement of the power receiving body with respect to the power transmitting body (free position). For example, it is assumed that a positive electrode and a negative electrode as power transmission electrodes are provided at fixed positions on the power transmission body, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode as power reception electrodes are provided at fixed positions on the power reception body. In this case, the power receiving body is arranged with respect to the power transmitting body so that the power transmitting electrode on the positive electrode side and the power receiving electrode on the negative electrode side face each other, and the power transmitting electrode on the negative electrode side and the power receiving electrode on the positive electrode side face each other. If the power receiving body is arranged in the opposite direction, power cannot be supplied, and the degree of freedom of arrangement of the power receiving body with respect to the power transmitting body is reduced. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, by automatically switching the polarity of the power transmission electrode in the power transmission body and the polarity of the power reception electrode in the power reception body to the polarity according to the arrangement direction of the power reception body with respect to the power transmission body, It is required to improve the degree of freedom of the arrangement of the power receiving body with respect to the power transmission body by enabling power supply regardless of the arrangement direction.

  Thus, in order to automatically switch the polarity of the power transmission electrode and the polarity of the power reception electrode, a changeover switch has been conventionally used. For example, in the power supply system described in Patent Document 2 described above, a plurality of changeover switches are provided on a power receiving body (movable body), and a movable contact is operated by using the magnetic force of a permanent magnet provided on the changeover switch. The polarity of the power receiver was switched (see, for example, paragraphs 0080 to 0081 of FIG. 8 and FIG. 8). In addition, it has been proposed to use a microswitch that operates using the spring force of the cantilever as such a changeover switch.

JP 2009-089520 A JP 2010-193692 A

  However, such a conventional power supply system uses a changeover switch with mechanical operation to automatically switch the polarity of the power transmission electrode and the polarity of the power reception electrode. There was concern about reliability. That is, when the number of operations of the mechanical operation accompanied by member deformation such as a movable contact or a cantilever increases, metal fatigue occurs due to the member deformation in the movable contact or cantilever. There has been a problem that the spring force of the switch decreases and the switch operation becomes unstable. In addition, when power is supplied by contact energization by a movable contact or a cantilever, there is a problem that the movable contact or the cantilever is welded and cannot be separated under the influence of heat generated by energization.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the electrostatic drive switch, power transmission body, power receiving body, and power supply system which can improve the lifetime and reliability of a power supply system.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the electrostatic drive switch according to claim 1 is an electrostatic drive switch arranged in a power transmission body for supplying power to a power receiving body, and is supplied from a power source. An electrostatic drive switch for switching a connection state between the power source and the power transmission electrode in order to supply the generated power to the power transmission electrode of the power transmission body disposed opposite to the power reception electrode of the power reception body, The electret plate is movable within the movable space along a movable direction connecting the first position and the second position facing each other across the movable space, and is a first on the side close to the first position. The side surface is charged with a positive charge and the second side surface close to the second position is charged with a negative charge, or the first side surface close to the first position is a positive charge. Or when one of the negative charges is charged An electret plate in which a conductive layer is formed on the first side surface and the second side surface; and the first position and the second side surface adjacent to the second position are uncharged. A terminal disposed at a second position, wherein the electrostatic terminal connected to the power transmission electrode and the electrostatic terminal at the first position are spaced apart from each other; A first power supply terminal connected to the first pole, and an electrode arranged at a distance from the electrostatic terminal in the second position, the second power supply terminal connected to the second pole of the power supply; , Arranged on the surface of the electret plate facing the electrostatic terminal, the first power supply terminal, and the second power supply terminal, or in the electrostatic terminal, the first power supply terminal, and the second power supply terminal. Arranged on the surface facing the electret plate The electret plate is driven along the movable direction by an electrostatic charge generated in the electrostatic terminal through the power transmission electrode due to the electrostatic charge charged in the power receiving electrode. Either the first power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal is brought close to or in contact with the electrostatic terminal via the conductive layer and the insulating layer so as to be capable of electric field coupling.

  The electrostatic drive switch according to claim 2 is an electrostatic drive switch arranged in a power transmission body for supplying power to the power receiver, and the power supplied from a power source is applied to the power reception electrode of the power receiver. An electrostatic drive switch for switching a connection state between the power source and the power transmission electrode to supply power to the power transmission electrode of the power transmission body arranged opposite to each other, the first positions facing each other across the movable space The electret plate is movable in the movable space along the movable direction connecting the first position and the second position, and the first side surface close to the first position is charged with a positive charge and the second position. The second side surface close to the first side is charged with a negative charge, or the first side surface close to the first position is charged with one of a positive charge and a negative charge and the second side is charged. The second side near the position is non- An electret plate having a conductive layer formed on the first side surface and the second side surface, and terminals disposed at the first position and the second position, wherein the power transmission An electrostatic terminal connected to an electrode, and an electrode arranged at a distance from the electrostatic terminal in the first position, the first power supply terminal connected to a first pole of a power supply, and the first The electrostatic terminal at two positions is an electrode disposed at a distance from the electrostatic terminal, and includes a second power source terminal connected to a second pole of a power source, and the power transmission is performed by an electrostatic charge charged on the power receiving electrode. By driving the electret plate along the movable direction by the electrostatic charge generated in the electrostatic terminal through the electrode, either the first power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal can be connected to the conductive layer. To the electrostatic terminal.

  The electrostatic drive switch according to claim 3 is the electrostatic drive switch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape of the electrostatic terminal is the same as that of the electrostatic terminal. By making the shape of the power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal into a shape in which the suction force or repulsive force generated between the electrostatic terminal and the electret plate is uniformly generated with respect to each part of the electret plate. The electret plate can be translated along the movable direction.

  The electrostatic drive switch according to claim 4 is the electrostatic drive switch according to claim 3, wherein the shape of the electrostatic terminal and the first power supply terminal disposed at the same position as the electrostatic terminal are provided. Alternatively, the shape of the second power supply terminal is formed in a comb shape or a spiral shape that meshes with each other at intervals in a plane orthogonal to the movable direction.

  Moreover, the power transmission body according to claim 5 is a power transmission body for supplying power to the power receiving body, and includes a plurality of electrostatic drive switches according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality Each of the electrostatic drive switches includes a plurality of power transmission electrodes that are connected to the electrostatic terminals and that are opposed to the plurality of power reception electrodes provided on the power receiver.

  The power receiving body according to claim 6 is a power transmission body including a power source, a plurality of electrostatic drive switches, and a plurality of power transmission electrodes, and the polarity of the electrostatic charge attracted to each of the plurality of power transmission electrodes. A power receiving body that receives power supply from a power transmission body that switches a connection state between the power source and the plurality of power transmission electrodes by driving the electrostatic drive switch according to the plurality of power transmission bodies. Maintaining a state where at least one of the plurality of power receiving electrodes arranged to face the power transmitting electrode and at least one of the plurality of power receiving electrodes attracts a positive charge, and at least one other attracts a negative charge. A polarity maintaining means for maintaining the contact state, and attracting the electrostatic charge according to the polarity of the electrostatic charge attracted to the power receiving electrode by the polarity maintaining means to the power transmitting electrode disposed opposite to the power receiving electrode. By the way To drive the drive switch.

  The power receiving body according to claim 7 is the power receiving body according to claim 6, wherein the polarity maintaining means is provided in at least one of the plurality of power receiving electrodes, The side surface on the adjacent side is charged with either positive charge or negative charge, and the side surface on the side away from the receiving electrode is charged with either the positive charge or negative charge, or at the first position. There is provided an electret plate in which the first side surface on the adjacent side is charged with one of a positive charge or a negative charge and the second side surface on the side close to the second position is uncharged.

  An electric power supply system according to claim 8 is an electric power supply system for supplying electric power from a power transmission body to a predetermined load via a power reception body, wherein the power transmission body according to claim 5 and claim 6 or 7 is provided, and the power transmission electrode of the power transmission body and the power reception electrode of the power reception body are directly brought into contact with each other to supply power from the power transmission electrode to the power reception electrode, or Power is supplied through a series resonance, a parallel resonance, or an active capacitance method through capacitors configured to be arranged in a non-contact manner.

  The power supply system according to claim 9 is the power supply system according to claim 8, wherein the power supply surface of each of the power transmission electrode of the power transmission body and the power reception electrode of the power reception body has a plurality of the power supply surfaces. The area is such that one power receiving electrode can be disposed opposite to the power transmitting electrode at the same time, and the interval between the plurality of power receiving electrodes of the power receiving body is determined from the width of the power feeding surface of each of the plurality of power transmitting electrodes of the previous power transmitting body. Increased.

According to the electrostatic drive switch according to claim 1 or 2, the connection state between the power source and the power transmission electrode can be switched by moving the electret plate along the movable direction by the electrostatic charge generated in the electrostatic terminal. In addition, since power can be supplied regardless of the arrangement direction of the power receiver relative to the power transmitter, the degree of freedom in the arrangement direction of the power receiver can be increased, and so-called free position can be achieved.
In particular, since the electret plate is moved by electrostatic charge, mechanical operation with member deformation like a cantilever is unnecessary, so that metal fatigue and welding problems can be eliminated, and the life and reliability of the power supply system Can be improved.
Furthermore, according to the electrostatic drive switch according to claim 1, since the first power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal is close to or in contact with the electrostatic terminal via the insulating layer so that electric field coupling is possible, between these terminals. The capacitor capacity increases (impedance decreases), and it becomes possible to supply power with a high-frequency current.

  According to the electrostatic drive switch according to claim 3, since the electret plate can be translated along the movable direction, the insulating layer and the conductive layer are connected to the electrostatic terminal and the first power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal. From the first power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal while minimizing the impedance between the electrostatic terminal and the first power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal. It becomes possible to reliably supply power to the electrostatic terminal.

  According to the electrostatic drive switch of claim 4, since the shape of the electrostatic terminal and the shape of the first power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal are formed in a comb shape or a spiral shape, A suction force or a repulsive force generated between the electret plates can be evenly generated for each part of the electret plates.

Moreover, according to the power transmission body according to claim 5, since the electrostatic drive switch according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and a plurality of power transmission electrodes are provided, the power reception body arranged in an arbitrary direction. Therefore, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in the arrangement direction of the power receiving body and achieve a so-called free position.
In particular, driving the electret plate with electrostatic charges eliminates the need for mechanical movements that involve member deformation like cantilevers, thus eliminating the problems of metal fatigue and welding, and improving the life and reliability of the power supply system. Can be improved.

  Moreover, according to the power receiver of claim 6, since the power receiving electrode and the polarity maintaining means are provided, the polarity of the power receiving electrode can be maintained at the positive electrode or the negative electrode by the polarity maintaining means. Accordingly, the electrostatic drive switch of the power transmission body can be switched.

  Further, according to the power receiver of claim 7, since the polarity maintaining means includes the electret plate, the polarity of the power receiving electrode can be maintained at the positive electrode or the negative electrode without using a power source or a switch. System life and reliability can be improved.

Moreover, according to the electric power supply system of Claim 8, since it has the power transmission body of Claim 5, and the power receiving body of Claim 6 or 7, it is electret by the electrostatic charge which arose in the electrostatic terminal. By moving the plate along the movable direction, the connection state between the power source and the power transmission electrode can be switched, and power can be supplied regardless of the orientation of the power receiver relative to the power transmitter. The degree of freedom of orientation can be increased and so-called free positions can be achieved.
In particular, driving the electret plate with electrostatic charges eliminates the need for mechanical movements that involve member deformation like cantilevers, thus eliminating the problems of metal fatigue and welding, and improving the life and reliability of the power supply system. Can be improved.

  In addition, according to the power supply system of the ninth aspect, since one power receiving electrode can be disposed opposite to the plurality of power transmitting electrodes at the same time, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the power receiving body with respect to the power transmitting body can be further increased. it can.

1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-non-contact switch type-series resonance type power supply system according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-contact switch type-series resonance type power supply system according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-non-contact switch type-parallel resonance type power supply system according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-contact switch type-parallel resonance type power supply system according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-non-contact switch type-active capacitance type power supply system according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-contact switch type-active capacitance type power supply system according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a contact-non-contact switch type power supply system according to the present invention. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a contact-contact switch type power supply system according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the power transmission body and power receiving body which concern on this Embodiment. It is a principal part enlarged view around the electrostatic drive switch of FIG. It is a principal part enlarged view around the electrostatic drive switch which is a contact switch type. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the power transmission body and power receiving body to which the electrostatic drive switch provided with the electret board by which one side surface was made uncharged is applied. It is a principal part enlarged view of the periphery of the electrostatic drive switch of FIG. It is a principal part enlarged view of the electrostatic drive switch periphery of FIG. 13 which is a contact switch type. It is a perspective view of an electrostatic drive switch, (a) is a perspective view showing a state where an electret plate is omitted, and (b) is a perspective view showing a state where the electret plate is moved to the side close to the second position. (C) is a perspective view which shows the state which moved the electret board to the side close | similar to a 1st position. It is a side view of an electrostatic drive switch, (a) is a side view showing a state where the electret plate is omitted, and (b) is a side view showing a state where the electret plate is moved to the side close to the second position. (C) is a side view which shows the state which moved the electret board to the side close | similar to a 1st position. It is a top view of an electrostatic drive switch, (a) is a figure at the time of making an electrostatic terminal and a power supply terminal into a circular spiral shape, (b) is a figure at the time of making an electrostatic terminal and a power supply terminal into a square spiral shape. is there. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electrostatic drive switch of a sealing structure. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows a power transmission body and a power receiving body. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows a power transmission body and a power receiving body. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the power transmission body and power receiving body which concern on Embodiment 2, and is a figure which shows the state arrange | positioned without shifting | deviating with respect to a power transmission body. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the power transmission body and power receiving body which concern on Embodiment 2, and is a figure which shows the state by which the power receiving body shifted | deviated with respect to the power transmission body. It is a top view for showing the arrangement relation of the power transmission electrode of FIG. 23, and a power reception electrode. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which simplifies and shows the power transmission body and power receiving body which concern on Embodiment 3, (a) is a figure which shows the state arrange | positioned so that one power receiving electrode may not straddle several AC power supplies, b) and (c) are views showing a state in which the power receiving electrode is arranged so as to straddle a plurality of AC power sources. It is a top view which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the power transmission electrode of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, [I] the basic concept common to each embodiment was explained, then [II] the specific contents of each embodiment were explained, and [III] finally, a modification to each embodiment was explained. To do. However, the present invention is not limited to each embodiment.

[I] Basic concept common to the embodiments First, the basic concept common to the embodiments will be described. The power supply system according to each embodiment is a power supply system for supplying power from a power transmission body arranged in a power supply area to a power reception body arranged in a power supply area. The specific configuration of the power supply area and the power supply area is arbitrary, and includes, for example, an internal space of a building such as a general house or an office building, an internal space of a vehicle such as a train or an airplane, or an outdoor space. Hereinafter, a surface that partitions the power supply region and the power supplied region from each other is referred to as a boundary surface. For example, when the power supply area is a room of a building and the power supply area is a floor of the room, the upper surface (floor surface) of the floor is a boundary surface.

  The power transmission body includes one having a power source inside the power transmission body and one that supplies power received from a power source outside the power transmission body to the power receiving body. This power transmission body is arranged in the power supply area, but is not limited to the one that is permanently fixed to be immovable, and can be removed from the power supply area 2 when not in use. Including those that can move to any position inside the. In particular, the power transmission body as a whole is not limited to a fixed one at all times. For example, by adjusting the positions of some components of the power transmission body as necessary, Including those that can change the positional relationship. As an example of performing such adjustment, for example, a power transmission electrode (to be described later) of the power transmission body can be moved up and down as necessary, and can be brought close to or away from a power reception electrode (to be described later) of the power reception body.

  The power receiving body includes one that is fixedly used in the power supplied area (stationary body) and one that moves as necessary inside the power supplied area (moving body). The function and specific configuration of the power receiving body are arbitrary except for special points. For example, examples of the stationary body include home appliances, OA equipment including computers, and mobile phones. The body can be a robot or an electric vehicle. The power receiving body includes a power receiving body having a load inside the power receiving body, and a power receiving body that supplies power to a load outside the power receiving body. Examples of the power receiving body having a load therein include the above-described home appliances. Examples of the power receiving body that supplies power to an external load include a charger for a mobile phone. Can be mentioned.

  The power supply system configured as described above is roughly classified into a contact type and a non-contact type according to the presence or absence of contact between the power transmission body and the power reception body. In a contact-type power supply system, a power transmission electrode provided on a power transmission body and a power reception electrode provided on a power reception body are brought into direct contact with each other. In a non-contact type power supply system, a power transmission electrode provided on a power transmission body and a power reception electrode provided on a power reception body are arranged in a non-contact manner so as to face each other with a boundary surface interposed therebetween. A capacitor (coupling capacitor) is constituted by the electrodes, and electric field type power transmission is performed through this capacitor. In this non-contact type power supply system, high-efficiency power supply by a resonance effect is performed by supplying power using series resonance, parallel resonance, or active capacitance.

  In particular, part of the characteristics of the power supply system according to each embodiment is to enable the polarity of the power transmission electrode in the power transmission body to be automatically switched to the polarity according to the arrangement position of the power reception body with respect to the power transmission body. The electrostatic driving switch is provided in the power transmission body. The electrostatic drive switch is generally configured to include an electret plate, and the polarity can be switched by moving the electret plate by electrostatic force inside the movable space. The electret plate is configured such that a positive charge is permanently charged on one side and a negative charge is permanently charged on the other side. Alternatively, the electret plate is configured such that one side is permanently charged with a positive or negative charge and the other side is uncharged. By using such an electret plate, it is possible to eliminate mechanical operation accompanied by member deformation like a cantilever from polarity switching operation, and reliability when performing power supply by contact type or non-contact type Can be improved. However, the configuration of each part of the power supply system can be configured in the same manner as in the prior art except for special cases except that such an electrostatic drive switch is used.

  Hereinafter, the types of power supply systems according to each embodiment will be outlined. As described above, the power supply system is roughly classified into “non-contact type” and “contact type” depending on whether or not the power transmitting body and the power receiving body are in contact with each other. ”,“ Parallel resonance type ”and“ Active capacitance type ”. In addition, as the electrostatic drive switch, there are an electret plate provided with a conductive layer and an insulating layer, and an electret plate provided with only a conductive layer. The conductive layer is made of, for example, carbon, metal, or conductive plastic. Hereinafter, if necessary, the former electrostatic drive switch is a “non-contact switch”, the latter electrostatic drive switch is a “contact switch”, and the power supply system using the non-contact switch is “non-contact switch type”. A power supply system using a contact switch is referred to as a “contact switch type”.

  By combining these methods with each other, the types of power supply systems are at least 1) non-contact type-non-contact switch type-series resonance type, 2) non-contact type-contact switch type-series resonance type, 3) Non-contact type-Non-contact switch type-Parallel resonance type, 4) Non-contact type-Contact switch type-Parallel resonance type, 5) Non-contact type-Non-contact switch type-Active capacitance type, 6) Non-contact type- Contact switch type-active capacitance type, 7) contact type-non-contact switch type, and 8) contact type-contact switch type. In the following, equivalent circuit diagrams of these types of power supply systems are shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, respectively.

  FIG. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-non-contact switch type-series resonance type power supply system. As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system 1A includes a power transmitting body 10A and a power receiving body 20A. Although a plurality of these power transmission bodies 10A and power reception bodies 20A can be arranged in parallel, here, a case where only one power transmission body 10A and one power reception body 20A are provided is shown.

  The power transmission body 10A is configured by electrically connecting an AC power source 11, a plurality (here, two) of power transmission electrodes 12, and a plurality (here, two) of electrostatic drive switches 13 as illustrated. Yes. The AC power supply 11 is a supply source of AC power. In the case of providing a plurality of power transmission bodies 10A, an AC power supply 11 may be provided for each of the plurality of power transmission bodies 10A, but power is supplied to each of the plurality of power transmission bodies 10A from one common AC power supply 11 May be. Each of the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 is a flat conductor, and is arranged in parallel in the same plane along the boundary surface 4 between the power supply region 2 and the power supplied region 3. The electrostatic drive switch 13 supplies electric power supplied from the AC power supply 11 to the power transmission electrode 12, and is a switch for switching the connection state between the AC power supply 11 and the power transmission electrode 12, as described above. In addition to the electret plate 13c covered with the conductive layer and the insulating layer, an electrostatic terminal 13d and a power supply terminal 13e are provided. The electrostatic terminal 13d is a terminal connected to the power transmission electrode. The electrostatic terminal 13 d is a terminal that generates an electrostatic charge having a polarity according to the polarity of the power transmission electrode 12, and is a terminal that conducts electric power supplied from the AC power supply 11 toward the power transmission electrode 12. The power supply terminal 13 e is a terminal that receives power supply from the AC power supply 11. Here, the resistance component of the electrostatic drive switch is represented as a resistor 13f, and the capacitor component generated by the insulating layer of the electret plate 13c is represented as a capacitor 13g.

  On the other hand, the power receiving body 20A is configured by electrically connecting a load 21, a plurality (two in this case) of power receiving electrodes 22, and a coil 23 as illustrated. Each of the plurality of power receiving electrodes 22 is a flat conductor, and is arranged in the same plane along the boundary surface 4. By disposing each of the plurality of power receiving electrodes 22 so as to face the power transmitting electrode 12, a capacitor (coupling capacitor) 30 is configured by the power transmitting electrode 12 and the power receiving electrode 22. The coil 23 and the capacitor 30 constitute an LC series resonance circuit. Here, the polarity of each power receiving electrode 22 is set to a positive electrode or a negative electrode by a structure to be described later (hereinafter, a polarity setting structure). For example, when two power receiving electrodes 22 are provided, one power receiving electrode 22 is set as a positive electrode and the other power receiving electrode 22 is set as a negative electrode.

  In the power supply system 1A configured as described above, when the power receiving body 20A is arranged above the power transmitting body 10A as shown in FIG. 1, it corresponds to the polarity of each power receiving electrode 22 set by the polarity setting structure. The polarity of the electrostatic terminal 13d is determined, and a positive charge or a negative charge is induced in the electrostatic terminal 13d. Then, the electret plate 13c is moved by the attractive force or repulsive force against the positive or negative charge induced in the electrostatic terminal 13d, so that the connection state between the electrostatic terminal 13d and the power supply terminal 13e is as shown in the right of FIG. The electric power supplied from the AC power supply 11 is supplied to the load by series resonance via the conductive layer and the insulating layer of the electret plate 13c.

  FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-contact switch type-series resonance type power supply system. The power supply system 1B illustrated in FIG. 2 includes a power transmission body 10B and a power reception body 20B. Since the electret plate 13c of the electrostatic drive switch 13 of the power transmission body 10B is covered only with the conductive layer and is not provided with the insulating layer, the capacitor 13g is excluded from FIG. The other configuration of the circuit of FIG. 2 is the same as that of the circuit of FIG.

  FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-non-contact switch type-parallel resonance type power supply system. The power supply system 1C shown in FIG. 3 includes a power transmitting body 10C and a power receiving body 20C. The power transmission body 10C is provided with a transformer 16 configured by arranging coils 14 and 15 in proximity, and the power reception body 20C is provided with a transformer 26 configured by arranging coils 24 and 25 in proximity. The power can be transmitted at a desired transformation ratio. Further, as shown in the figure, capacitors 17, 18, 27, and 28 are provided in parallel in the coils 14, 15, 24, and 25, respectively, and an LC parallel resonance circuit is configured. The transformers 16 and 26 of the power transmitting body 10C and the power receiving body 20C may be omitted as long as at least one pair of LC parallel resonance circuits is provided. The other configuration of the circuit of FIG. 3 is the same as that of the circuit of FIG. Alternatively, when the transformers 16 and 26 are not omitted, either one or both of the capacitors 17 and 28 may be omitted.

  FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-contact switch type-parallel resonance type power supply system. The power supply system 1D shown in FIG. 4 includes a power transmitting body 10D and a power receiving body 20D. Since the electret plate 13c of the electrostatic drive switch 13 of the power transmission body 10D is covered only with the conductive layer and is not provided with the insulating layer, the capacitor 13g is excluded from FIG. The other configuration of the circuit of FIG. 4 is the same as that of the circuit of FIG.

  FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-non-contact switch type-active capacitance type power supply system. The power supply system 1E shown in FIG. 5 includes a power transmitting body 10E and a power receiving body 20E. An active capacitance 29 is connected to the power receiving electrode 22 in series with the power receiving body 20E. The active capacitance 29 causes the combined capacitance of the two capacitors 30 and the active capacitance 29 to behave as a very large capacitor by the action of the negative capacitance generated by the active capacitance 29. The variable capacitor can be dynamically controlled by the control unit. In this power supply system 1E, the active capacitor control unit causes the AC impedance at the transmission frequency of the combined capacitance of the two capacitors 30 and the active capacitance 29 to be sufficient for the AC impedance at the transmission frequency of the combined capacitance of the two capacitors 30. A negative capacitance is generated in the active capacitance 29 so as to decrease. The active capacitance 29 may be connected in series to one of the two power receiving electrodes 22 or may be connected in series to each of the two power receiving electrodes 22. The other configuration of the circuit of FIG. 5 is the same as that of the circuit of FIG.

  FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a non-contact type-contact switch type-active capacitance type power supply system. The power supply system 1F shown in FIG. 6 includes a power transmitting body 10F and a power receiving body 20F. Since the electret plate 13c of the electrostatic drive switch 13 of the power transmission body 10F is covered only with the conductive layer and is not provided with the insulating layer, the capacitor 13g is excluded from FIG. The other configuration of the circuit of FIG. 6 is the same as that of the circuit of FIG.

  FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a contact-non-contact switch type power supply system. The power supply system 1G shown in FIG. 5 includes a power transmitting body 10G and a power receiving body 20G. The power transmission electrode of the power transmission body 10G and the power reception electrode of the power reception body 20G are directly in contact with each other. The other configuration of the circuit of FIG. 7 is the same as that of the circuit of FIG.

  FIG. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a contact-contact switch type power supply system. The power supply system 1H shown in FIG. 8 includes a power transmitting body 10H and a power receiving body 20H. Since the electret plate 13c of the electrostatic drive switch 13 of the power transmission body 10H is covered only with the conductive layer and is not provided with the insulating layer, the capacitor 13g is excluded from FIG. The other configuration of the circuit of FIG. 8 is the same as that of the circuit of FIG. In particular, in the power supply system of FIG. 8, since power can be supplied without using a capacitor, direct current power transmission is performed by using a direct current power supply instead of the alternating current power supply 11 as the power supply of the power transmission body 10H. be able to.

  The specific dimensions of each part of the power supply systems 1A to 1H shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 can be arbitrarily determined unless otherwise specified. For example, the planes of the power transmission electrode 12 and the power reception electrode 22 can be determined. It is assumed that the shape is about several mm square, and the planar shape of the electrostatic drive switch 13 is also about several mm square. Thus, the minute electrostatic drive switch 13 can be called a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) switch.

  The power supply systems 1B to 1H shown in FIGS. 2 to 8 are configured by changing a part of the configuration of the power supply system 1A shown in FIG. 1 based on a known technique, unless otherwise specified. Therefore, in the following description of the specific content, the specific content of the non-contact type-non-contact switch type-series resonance type power supply system 1A of FIG.

[II] Specific Contents of Each Embodiment Next, specific contents of each embodiment will be described.

[Embodiment 1]
First, the first embodiment will be described. The first embodiment is a specific example of the non-contact type-non-contact switch type-series resonance type power supply system 1A shown in FIG.

(overall structure)
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the power supply system 1A according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the power transmitting body 10A and the power receiving body 20A according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, from the power transmission body 10A arranged in the power supply area 2 (here, the area below the top plate 6 in the desk 5), the power supplied area 3 (here, the area above the top plate 6 in the desk 5). An example in which power is supplied to the power receiving body 20A (here, a notebook personal computer) arranged in FIG. The power supply system 1A according to the present embodiment includes the power transmission body 10A and the power reception body 20A. Here, the surface insulating layer 7 (here, the top plate 6 of the desk 5) laid above the power supply region 2 corresponds to the boundary surface 4 between the power supply region 2 and the power supplied region 3. The power transmission body 10 </ b> A is embedded in the desk 5 below the top plate 6. In FIGS. 9 and 10, one power transmission body 10A and one power reception body 20A are shown. However, it is preferable that a plurality of power transmission bodies 10A are arranged side by side to widen an area where power can be supplied. A plurality of 20A can be arranged.

(Overall structure-power transmission body)
Next, the configuration of the power transmission body 10A will be described. As shown in FIG. 10, the power transmission body 10A includes an AC power source 11, a power transmission electrode 12 (illustrated as a first power transmission electrode 12a and a second power transmission electrode 12b in FIG. 10), and an electrostatic drive switch 13 (in FIG. The first electrostatic drive switch 13a and the second electrostatic drive switch 13b are illustrated).

(Overall structure-power transmission body-AC power supply)
The first pole 11a of the AC power source 11 via a line 40, a ground 41 is connected to a first power supply terminal 13e ₁ to be described later in the first electrostatic drive switch 13a and the second electrostatic drive switch 13b. The second pole 11b of the AC power source 11 via a line 42, is connected to the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ to be described later in the first electrostatic drive switch 13a and the second electrostatic drive switch 13b. The frequency of the AC power supply 11 is a series resonance frequency determined by a capacitor 30 (illustrated as capacitors 30a and 30b in FIG. 10) composed of the power transmission electrode 12 and the power reception electrode 22 and the coil 23 of the power reception body 20A. It is set to be. However, since this series resonance frequency can be changed with the capacitance of the capacitors 30a and 30b, which changes due to dust being sandwiched between the surface insulating layer 7 and the power receiving electrode 22, it is dynamically controlled. Preferably, for example, a control unit (not shown) is connected to the AC power source 11, and the AC power source 11 is turned on / off via this control unit, and the frequency of the AC power source 11 is set to various frequencies. Based on the above conditions, the series resonance frequency may be maintained by dynamic control.

(Overall structure-Power transmission body-Power transmission electrode)
The 1st power transmission electrode 12a and the 2nd power transmission electrode 12b are formed as a metal plate of the same square shape mutually. The first power transmission electrode 12a is connected to the electrostatic terminal 13d of the first electrostatic drive switch 13a via the connection piece 12c. Moreover, the 2nd power transmission electrode 12b is connected to the electrostatic terminal 13d of the 2nd electrostatic drive switch 13b via the connection piece 12d. The first power transmission electrode 12 a and the second power transmission electrode 12 b may be brought into contact with the surface insulating layer 7 or may be arranged with a small distance from the surface insulating layer 7. In any case, the surfaces of the first power transmission electrode 12a and the second power transmission electrode 12b on the power supply region 3 side (here, the upper surface in FIG. 10) are completely covered with the surface insulating layer 7. Therefore, the first power transmission electrode 12a is not exposed to the power supply region 3, and the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the first power transmission electrode 12a and the second power transmission electrode 12b can be improved. It is possible to prevent the user or the like from directly touching the second power transmission electrode 12b. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first power transmission electrode 12a and the second power transmission electrode 12b from each other, these are simply collectively referred to as “power transmission electrode 12”.

(Overall structure-Power transmission body-Electrostatic drive switch)
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a main part around the electrostatic drive switch 13 of FIG. The first electrostatic drive switch 13a and the second electrostatic drive switch 13b are configured identically to each other, and are respectively an electret plate 13c, an electrostatic terminal 13d, and a power supply terminal 13e (in FIGS. A terminal 13e ₁ and a second power supply terminal 13e ₂ ). Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first electrostatic drive switch 13a and the second electrostatic drive switch 13b from each other, they are simply referred to as “electrostatic drive switch 13”.

As shown in FIG. 11, the electret plate 13c is arranged to be movable inside the movable space 13h along a movable direction connecting the first position and the second position facing each other across the movable space 13h. ing. Here, in the electret plate 13c, the first side surface close to the first position is permanently charged with a positive charge, and the second side surface close to the second position is permanently charged with a negative charge. Has been. Such an electret plate 13c can be manufactured by a known method. For example, a direct current voltage is applied to a dielectric resin (for example, CYTOP (registered trademark, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.)) at a high temperature, and then solidified. Can be manufactured. Alternatively, by forming the electret plate 13c of a soft resin, even if a slight step therebetween the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ is present, the electret plate 13c deformed to absorb this level difference, it is possible to increase the adhesion of the insulating layer to the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e _2. Further, in this case, while minimizing the impedance between these mutually, it is possible to reliably perform the power supply to the electrostatic terminal 13d from the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e _2. In FIGS. 10 and 11, the upper side is the first position (first side surface) and the lower side is the second position (second side surface) in FIGS.

In addition, among the side surfaces of the electret plate 13c, the side surfaces (the first side surface facing the first position and the second side surface facing the second position) contacting the electrostatic terminal 13d and the power supply terminal 13e are formed by the conductive layer 13i. The conductive layer 13i is further covered with an insulating layer 13j. For example, the conductive layer 13i is made of aluminum, and the insulating layer 13j is made of aluminum oxide. That is, the insulating layer 13j may be an oxide film that is naturally formed on the surface of the conductive layer 13i. In this way, when aluminum is used for the conductive layer 13i, the insulating layer 13j as an oxide film is a film having a thickness of several tens of angstroms. For this reason, if the thickness of the insulating layer 13j is 30 angstroms, the electrostatic capacity on one side of one electret plate 13c of 5 mm square (= 10 mm ² ) is about 200 nF, and the electrostatic capacitance on both sides of the electret plate 13c. Since the capacitance is equal to the capacitance of two capacitances on one side connected in series, it is 100 nF. If a large number of such electrostatic drive switches 13 are gathered to form, for example, a 9 cm ² (3 cm square) electrostatic drive switch 13 that can be used for charging a mobile phone, the entire electrostatic drive switch 13 is statically operated. The total value of the electric capacity is about 300 times 30,000 nF (= 30 μF), which is sufficiently smaller than the capacity of the capacitor 30 constituted by the power transmission electrode 12 and the power reception electrode 22.

Here, as shown in FIG. 11, the insulating layer 13j may be provided on the electret plate 13c side, or may be provided on the electrostatic terminal 13d or the power supply terminal 13e side. Specifically, the insulating layer 13j is formed into a plate-like body, and is disposed so as to be interposed between the electret plate 13c, the electrostatic terminal 13d, and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ at the first position, and You may arrange | position so that it may interpose between the electret board 13c, the electrostatic terminal 13d, and the 2nd power supply terminal 13e2 in ₂ positions. Alternatively, an electrostatic pin 13d, a first power supply terminal 13e _1, and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ an insulating layer may be formed 13j. That is, at least, an electret plate 13c, the electrostatic terminal 13d, the first power supply terminal 13e _1, and between each other and the second power supply terminal 13e _2, it may be arranged an insulating layer 13j. When the insulating layer 13j is provided on the electret plate 13c side, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the conductive layer 13i of the electret plate 13c can be enhanced. Further, when provided in contact with the insulating layer 13j on the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e _2, an electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply Corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the terminal 13e ₂ can be improved.

  However, as described above, the electrostatic drive switch 13 can also be configured as a contact switch. FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a main part around the electrostatic drive switch 13 which is a contact type switch. The electrostatic drive switch 13 is configured by covering the electret plate 13c only with the conductive layer 13i, and the insulating layer 13j is omitted. Thus, the electrostatic drive switch 13 from which the insulating layer 13j is omitted can be used for DC power transmission by being incorporated in the power supply system 1H as shown in FIG. 8 because the capacitor component is eliminated. However, since there is a possibility that the conductivity is lowered by forming an oxide film or the like on the surface of the conductive layer 13i, a conductor (carbon film (graphene film)) mixed with CNT (carbon nanotube) or gold is used. It may be used to form the conductive layer 13i.

The electret plate 13c, the conductive layer 13i, and the insulating layer 13j can be formed by any method. For example, the electret plate 13c is formed as a thin electret film, and the conductive layer 13i and the insulating layer 13j are formed on the electret film. After multilayering by vapor deposition or the like, the electret plate 13c and the like can be mass-produced at low cost by cutting to a required size. However, the mutual distance between the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ arranged at the first position and the electrostatic terminal 13d and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ arranged at the second position, the electret plate 13c, and the conductive layer The thickness in the movable direction of 13i and insulating layer 13j is preferably determined so that the movable distance of electret plate 13c is minimized. For example, in a state where the electret plate 13c is moved to the side close to the first position, the insulating layer 13j provided on the second side surface of the electret plate 13c, the electrostatic terminal 13d and the second power supply terminal arranged at the second position These mutual intervals and thicknesses are determined so as to ensure insulation between them and 13e ₂ .

The electrostatic terminal 13d is a terminal disposed at the first position and the second position, and as described above, the first power transmission electrode 12a or the second power transmission electrode 12b via the connection piece 12c or the connection piece 12d. Connected to. The electrostatic terminal 13d arranged at the first position and the electrostatic terminal 13d arranged at the second position are connected to each other via a line 13k. The electrostatic terminal 13d is configured as a flat metal terminal disposed in parallel with the electret plate 13c, and details thereof will be described later. However, (similar to the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ and a second power supply terminal 13e ₂ also) electrostatic terminals 13d may be formed in a shape other than flat, for example, may be spherical.

The first power supply terminal 13e ₁ is an electrode arranged at a distance from the electrostatic terminal 13d at the first position, and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ is connected to the first power supply 11 via the line 40 as shown in FIG. It is connected to the pole 11a. The second power supply terminal 13e ₂ is an electrode arranged at a distance from the electrostatic terminal 13d at the second position, and as described above, the second pole of the AC power supply 11 via the line 42. 11b. The first power supply terminal 13e ₁ and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ are each configured as a flat metal terminal disposed in parallel with the electret plate 13c, and details thereof will be described later.

  FIGS. 10 to 12 show only an example in which the first side surface is charged with a positive charge and the second side surface is charged with a negative charge. However, an electret plate in which one side surface is uncharged is shown. 13c may be used. FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a power transmitting body 10A and a power receiving body 20A to which the electrostatic drive switch 13 having such an electret plate 13c is applied, and FIG. 14 is a main part around the electrostatic drive switch 13 in FIG. It is an enlarged view. FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a main part around the electrostatic drive switch 13 of FIG. 13 configured as a contact switch type with the conductive layer omitted. As shown in FIGS. 13 to 15, either one of the both side surfaces of the electret plate 13c (here, the second side surface close to the second position) is either positive charge or negative charge (here. Although negatively charged (permanently charged), the other (here, the first side close to the first position) is uncharged. Even when the electrostatic drive switch 13 is configured using such an electret plate 13c, electric charge can be attracted as shown in FIG. 13, and power transmission can be performed.

Next, the mutual relationship between the electrostatic terminal 13d, the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ , and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ will be described. 16A and 16B are perspective views of the electrostatic drive switch 13, wherein FIG. 16A is a perspective view showing a state in which the electret plate 13c is omitted, and FIG. 16B is a view showing the electret plate 13c being movable to the side close to the second position. The perspective view which shows the state made to move, (c) is a perspective view which shows the state which moved the electret board 13c to the side close | similar to a 1st position. FIG. 17 is a side view of the electrostatic drive switch. FIG. 17A is a side view showing a state in which the electret plate 13c is omitted. FIG. 17B is a side view of the electret plate 13c close to the second position. The side view which shows the state made to move, (c) is a side view which shows the state which moved the electret board 13c to the side close | similar to a 1st position.

As shown in each of these drawings, conceptually, the shape of the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ arranged at the first position is the mutual relationship between the electrostatic terminal 13d and the electret plate 13c. A suction force or a repulsive force generated between them and a suction force or a repulsive force generated between the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ and the electret plate 13c are uniformly generated for each part of the electret plate 13c. Has been determined to be. Similarly, the second electrostatic terminal 13d disposed at a position each of the shape of the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ is attraction or repulsion occurs therebetween with the electrostatic terminal 13d and the electret plate 13c When, a suction force or repulsive force generated between each other with the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ and the electret plate 13c, and is determined to be uniformly occurred giving shape to each unit of the electret plate 13c. The reason for determining this manner causes the translated along the electret plate 13c in the movable direction, even with constantly stable insulating layer 13j with respect to the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ In this state, the first power terminal 13e ₁ or the second power terminal 13e ₂ is minimized while minimizing the impedance between the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power terminal 13e ₁ or the second power terminal 13e _2. This is because the power supply to the electrostatic terminal 13d is reliably performed.

As a specific shape for equalizing the attractive force or the repulsive force in this way, here, in the first position, the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ are orthogonal to each other along the movable direction. while the comb-shaped meshing spaced from one another (interdigital shape) in which the plane, in the second position, the electrostatic terminal 13d and the second power supply terminal 13e _2, perpendicular along the movable direction plane It is in the shape of a comb that meshes with each other at an interval. More specifically, the plurality of electrostatic terminals 13d are arranged in parallel in the same plane at equal intervals, and the plurality of electrostatic terminals 13d are connected by one connection piece 13l. Further, each of the plurality of first power supply terminal 13e ₁ and a plurality of second power supply terminal 13e ₂ are in the same plane are arranged side by side at equal intervals, the plurality of first power supply terminal 13e ₁ and a plurality of second each of the power supply terminal 13e ₂ are connected by one connecting piece 13m. Here, the electrostatic terminal 13d, the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ , and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ are formed to have substantially the same length and width, and a plurality of electrostatic terminals arranged in the same plane. arrangement intervals of the terminal 13d is determined to be slightly wider than the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ and second power supply terminal 13e ₂ of the width. A first power supply terminal 13e ₁ and a second power supply terminal 13e ₂ are arranged between the plurality of electrostatic terminals 13d.

Alternatively, the addition to, as shown in a plan view of an electrostatic driving switch 13 of FIG. 18 (a), the electrostatic terminal 13d, a ₂ and a first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e, the movable direction And may be formed in a circular spiral shape in a plane orthogonal to each other with a space therebetween. Alternatively, as shown in the plan view of the electrostatic drive switch 13 of FIG. 18 (b), the electrostatic terminal 13d, and a ₂ first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e, perpendicular along the movable direction It is a shape that meshes with each other at intervals in the plane, and may be formed in a square spiral shape.

  Next, the sealing structure of the electret plate 13c will be described. In order to stably arrange the electret plate 13c at a desired position or to improve the corrosion resistance of the electret plate 13c with respect to the surrounding atmosphere, the electret plate 13c is movably disposed in the sealed structure, and It is preferable to lower the atmospheric pressure or fill the interior space (movable space 13h, sealed space) with an inert gas. Furthermore, when gold is used for the conductive layer 13i, an oxide film is hardly formed. However, the surface tension of moisture contained in the air may cause a problem in the mobility of the electret plate 13c. It is preferable to keep the internal space (movable space 13h) of the sealed structure in a low humidity environment.

FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view of the electrostatic drive switch 13 having a sealed structure. The electrostatic drive switch 13 includes a hollow box-shaped casing 13n formed of an insulator. Inside the casing 13n, an electret plate 13c, an electrostatic terminal 13d, and a first power supply terminal 13e ₁ , and a second power supply terminal 13e ₂ are disposed. Further, the housing 13n is configured to maintain a strength sufficient to withstand a pressure difference from the ambient pressure when the sealed space is in a low-pressure state. For example, the thickness of the housing 13n is sealed. It may be thicker than the wall thickness required when the space is in a normal atmospheric pressure, or a support column may be provided inside the housing 13n. The connection pieces 12c and 12d are connected to the electrostatic terminal 13d through a through hole provided in the housing 13n, and the periphery of the through hole is sealed. The internal space (sealed space) of the housing 13n is filled with an inert gas. As the inert gas, for example, argon gas or nitrogen gas can be used. When nitrogen is used, carbon nitride may be formed between the carbon contained in the conductive layer 13i, but it is not formed unless the temperature is considerably high. There seems to be no problem.

  When the electret plate 13c is arranged in a sealed space, there may be a problem in the mobility of the electret plate 13c due to the resistance of the inert gas, or between the insulating layer 13j and the electrostatic terminal 13d. Gas may remain. For this reason, the electret plate 13c, the conductive layer 13i, and the insulating layer 13j are each formed in a mesh shape, and as the electret plate 13c moves, an inert gas passes through the mesh 13p and the electret plate 13c, the conductive layer. 13i and the insulating layer 13j can be passed through. In this case, the electret plate 13c, the conductive layer 13i, and the insulating layer 13j behave similarly to the plate electrode due to the edge effect of the electric field by keeping the meshes 13p close to each other. It is possible to avoid a significant decrease in the electrostatic capacity. In addition to the mesh shape, a stripe shape or a porous shape (punch-through metal shape) may be used.

(Overall structure-power receiver)
Next, the configuration of the power receiver 20A in FIG. 10 will be described. The power receiving body 20A includes a load 21, a power receiving electrode 22 (shown as a first power receiving electrode 22a and a second power receiving electrode 22b in FIG. 10), a coil (inductor) 23, and a polarity maintaining unit 24.

(Overall configuration-Power receiver-Load)
The load 21 consumes AC power supplied from the power transmission body 10A and exhibits a predetermined function. For example, when the power receiver 20A is configured as a notebook personal computer as shown in FIG. 9, the load 21 corresponds to an electronic element, a hard disk, or the like built in the notebook personal computer. In addition, the specific configuration of the load 21 is arbitrary, for example, a communication device that performs transmission or reception of communication signals with a device external to the power receiver 20A wirelessly or by wire, or information that performs information processing related to various types of information A processing device, a sensor that detects a predetermined detection target in the power supply area 3 and outputs a signal related to the detection result to the predetermined device, or a power source that transmits and receives power to a device outside the power receiver 20A (for example, two Secondary battery). Although only one load 21 is shown in FIG. 10, power may be supplied to a plurality of loads 21 connected in series or in parallel to each other.

(Overall structure-Power receiver-Power receiving electrode)
The first power receiving electrode 22a and the second power receiving electrode 22b are formed as the same square metal plate. Each of the first power receiving electrode 22a and the second power receiving electrode 22b receives power supplied from the power transmitting body 10A, and is configured as a flat conductor. The first power receiving electrode 22a and the second power receiving electrode 22b are juxtaposed so as to be exposed to the outside on the surface of the power receiving body 20A facing the power transmitting body 10A, and are in direct contact with the upper surface of the surface insulating layer 7. They are arranged substantially parallel to the surface insulating layer 7 at a position or a position spaced apart by a minute interval. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first power receiving electrode 22a and the second power receiving electrode 22b from each other, these are simply collectively referred to as “power receiving electrode 22”.

  In this state, the first power receiving electrode 22a and the second power receiving electrode 22b are arranged to face either the first power transmitting electrode 12a or the second power transmitting electrode 12b with the surface insulating layer 7 interposed therebetween, and the first power transmitting electrode 12a or the second power transmitting electrode 12b is disposed. The capacitor 30 (the first capacitor 30a and the second capacitor 30b) is configured together with the two power transmission electrodes 12b. Here, since the power transmission electrode 12 is not exposed in the power supplied region 3, the power transmission electrode 12 and the power reception electrode 22 are arranged in a non-contact state.

(Overall structure-Power receiver-Coil)
The coil 23 is arranged in series with at least one of the first capacitor 30a and the second capacitor 30b, and constitutes an LC series resonance circuit together with the first capacitor 30a or the second capacitor 30b to form a series. Enables power transmission by resonance. The coil 23 can have an arbitrary configuration and arrangement as long as it can be series-resonated. For example, the coil 23 may be arranged in the power transmission body 10A, but here it is arranged in the power reception body 20A. In particular, by arranging the coil 23 in the power receiving body 20A in this way, even when power is supplied from the power transmitting body 10A having a common configuration to the power receiving bodies 20A having various configurations, the series resonance condition is set for each power receiving body. It becomes possible to set on the body 20A side, and it becomes easy to maintain the resonance condition directly for each power receiving body 20A. In the example of FIG. 10, the coil 23 is connected in series only to the first power receiving electrode 22a, but may be connected only to the second power receiving electrode 22b, or the first power receiving electrode 22a and the second power receiving electrode. You may connect to both of 22b.

(Overall structure-Power receiver-Polarity maintenance unit)
The polarity maintaining unit 24 is polarity maintaining means for maintaining the polarity of the power receiving electrode 22 at a predetermined polarity, and maintains at least one of the first power receiving electrode 22a and the second power receiving electrode 22b as a positive electrode, At least the other one is kept negative. Specifically, the polarity maintaining unit 24 includes a DC power supply 24a, a switch 24b, and a choke coil 24c. The DC power supply 24a is, for example, a battery. The switch 24b is a switching unit that switches the polarity maintaining unit 24 on and off, and selectively switches the second power receiving electrode 22b to either the DC power supply 24a or the bypass line 24d. The choke coil 24c blocks high frequency components of power supplied from the AC power supply 11. In such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 10, in a state where the second power receiving electrode 22b is connected to the DC power supply 24a via the switch 24b, the first power receiving electrode 22a is either one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode (here, The second power receiving electrode 22b is maintained at either the positive electrode or the negative electrode (here, the negative electrode).

  However, the polarity maintaining unit 24 may have other configurations. FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the power transmitting body 10A and the power receiving body 20A. In the power receiving body 20A shown in FIG. 20, the polarity maintaining unit 24 includes a first power receiving side electret plate 24e fixed to the first power receiving electrode 22a and a second power receiving side electret plate fixed to the second power receiving electrode 22b. 24f is configured. The first power receiving side electret plate 24e and the second power receiving side electret plate 24f are charged in different directions. Specifically, the first power receiving side electret plate 24e has the first side surface in contact with the first power receiving electrode 22a permanently charged with a negative charge and the opposite second side surface permanently fixed with a positive charge. Is charged. The second power receiving side electret plate 24f has the first side surface in contact with the second power receiving electrode 22b permanently charged with a positive charge, and the opposite second side surface permanently charged with a negative charge. ing. In such a configuration, the first power receiving electrode 22a is maintained at either the positive electrode or the negative electrode (here, positive electrode), and the second power receiving electrode 22b is either the positive electrode or the negative electrode (here, negative electrode). Will be maintained.

  FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the power transmitting body 10A and the power receiving body 20A in a simplified manner. In the power receiving body 20A shown in FIG. 21, the polarity maintaining unit 24 is fixed to only one of the first power receiving electrode 22a and the second power receiving electrode 22b (here, the second power receiving electrode 22b). The conductive layer 24h is formed on the power receiving side electret plate 24g, and the conductive layer 24h is either the first power receiving electrode 22a or the second power receiving electrode 22b via the line 24i. Here, it is connected to the first power receiving electrode 22a. In the power receiving side electret plate 24g, the first side surface on the side in contact with the second power receiving electrode 22b is permanently charged with a positive charge, and the second side surface on the side in contact with the conductive layer 24h is permanently set on a negative charge. It is charged. In such a configuration, the first power receiving electrode 22a is maintained at either the positive electrode or the negative electrode (here, positive electrode), and the second power receiving electrode 22b is either the positive electrode or the negative electrode (here, negative electrode). Will be maintained. However, in the configuration of FIG. 21, the impedance of the capacitor formed by the conductive layer 13 i and the second power receiving electrode 22 b needs to be large at the frequency of the AC power supply 11. 20 and FIG. 21, the DC power supply 24a and the switch 24b as shown in FIG. 10 can be omitted, so that the life and reliability of the power receiving body 20A can be further improved.

(Configuration-surface insulation layer)
Next, the surface insulating layer 7 shown in FIG. 10 will be described. The surface insulating layer 7 is made of a dielectric material that can constitute a capacitor (a capacitor 13g equivalently shown in FIG. 1). As such a dielectric material, for example, Teflon (registered trademark) can be adopted. In addition to the case where the dielectric material is used for the surface insulating layer 7, the surface of the power transmission electrode 12 on the power receiving electrode 22 side or the surface of the power receiving electrode 22 on the power transmission electrode 12 side can be coated. In addition, the material used for the surface insulating layer 7 and the material used for coating the power transmission electrode 12 and the power reception electrode 22 in order to maintain required insulation between the power transmission electrode 12 and the power reception electrode 22. It is preferable to have the insulating performance.

(Power supply operation)
Next, the power supply operation by the power supply system 1A configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. First, the user places the power receiving body 20 </ b> A with the polarity maintaining unit 24 turned on above the power transmitting body 10 </ b> A through the surface insulating layer 7. Here, the user receives either the first power transmission electrode 12a or the second power transmission electrode 12b and the second power reception electrode 22b faces the first power transmission electrode 12a or the second power transmission electrode 12b. It is assumed that the power receiving body 20A is arranged so as to face the other. However, this arrangement does not have to be performed strictly. For example, even when the first power receiving electrode 22a is in a state straddling both the first power transmitting electrode 12a and the second power transmitting electrode 12b, the first power receiving electrode 12a faces the first power transmitting electrode 12a. The polarities of the first power transmission electrode 12a and the second power transmission electrode 12b are determined according to the ratio between the area of the first power reception electrode 22a and the area of the first power reception electrode 22a facing the second power transmission electrode 12b.

When the power receiving body 20A is arranged as shown in FIG. 10, since the first power receiving electrode 22a is maintained at the positive electrode by the polarity maintaining unit 24, the first power transmitting electrode 12a disposed opposite to the first power receiving electrode 22a has A negative charge is induced, and a positive charge is induced on the electrostatic terminal 13d connected to the first power transmission electrode 12a via the connection piece 12c. Then, since the positive charge of the electret plate 13c of the first electrostatic drive switch is repelled and the negative charge is attracted to the positive charge of the electrostatic terminal 13d, the electret plate 13c is second along the movable direction. and moving the side close to the position, the insulating layer 13j electret plate 13c is in contact with the electrostatic terminal 13d and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ of the second position. Thus, through the insulating layer 13j, and electrostatic terminal 13d of the second position and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ is electric field coupled. Accordingly, the first transmission electrode 12a is connected piece 12c, the electrostatic terminal 13d, the insulating layer 13j, the conductive layer 13i, sequentially through the second power supply terminal 13e _2, via the electric field coupling to the second pole 11b of the AC power source 11 Connected. Incidentally, as long as the electrostatic terminal 13d of the second position and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ are electric-insulating layer 13j, to the electrostatic terminal 13d and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ of the second position It is not necessary to be in direct contact, and they may be close to each other with a minute space therebetween.

Similarly, when the power receiving body 20A is arranged as shown in FIG. 10, since the second power receiving electrode 22b is maintained at the negative electrode by the polarity maintaining unit 24, the second power transmission disposed opposite to the second power receiving electrode 22b. A positive charge is induced in the electrode 12b, and a negative charge is induced in the electrostatic terminal 13d connected to the second power transmission electrode 12b via the connection piece 12d. Then, since the positive charge of the electret plate 13c of the second electrostatic drive switch is attracted and the negative charge is repelled with respect to the negative charge of the electrostatic terminal 13d, the electret plate 13c is moved in the first direction along the movable direction. and moving the side close to the position, the insulating layer 13j electret plate 13c is in contact with the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ of the first position. Thus, through the insulating layer 13j, and electrostatic terminal 13d of the first position and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ are field coupled. Therefore, the second power-transmitting electrode 12b is connected piece 12d, the electrostatic terminal 13d, the insulating layer 13j, the conductive layer 13i, sequentially through the second power supply terminal 13e _2, via the electric field coupling to the first pole 11a of the AC power supply 11 Connected. Incidentally, as long as the electrostatic terminal 13d of the first position and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ is electric-insulating layer 13j, to the electrostatic terminals 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ of the first position It is not necessary to be in direct contact, and may be close to each other with a minute space.

  Thus, since the 1st power transmission electrode 12a is connected to the 2nd pole 11b of AC power supply 11, and the 2nd power transmission electrode 12b is connected to the 1st pole 11a of AC power supply 11, the 1st power transmission electrode 12a and AC power is supplied from the power transmitting body 10A to the load 21 of the power receiving body 20A via the capacitor 30a configured by the first power receiving electrode 22a and the capacitor 30b configured by the second power transmitting electrode 12b and the second power receiving electrode 22b. Is done. In particular, by setting the frequency of the AC power supply 11 as a series resonance frequency, a CL series resonance circuit constituted by the capacitor 30a constituted by the first power transmission electrode 12a and the first power reception electrode 22a and the coil 23 is used. Power is supplied with high efficiency.

Further, power is supplied even when the arrangement direction of the power receiving body 20 </ b> A is opposite to that in FIG. 10. That is, this time, it is assumed that the user places the power receiving body 20A so that the first power receiving electrode 22a faces the second power transmitting electrode 12b and the second power receiving electrode 22b faces the first power transmitting electrode 12a. . In this case, in the first electrostatic drive switch 13a, the electret plate 13c is moved to the side closer to the first position, contrary to FIG. 10, so that the insulating layer 13j of the electret plate 13c is in the first position electrostatic. in contact with the terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e _1, first transmission electrode 12a is connected piece 12c, the electrostatic terminal 13d, the insulating layer 13j, the conductive layer 13i, sequentially through the first power supply terminal 13e _1, AC The power supply 11 is connected to the first pole 11a via electric field coupling. On the other hand, in the second electrostatic drive switch 13b, the electret plate 13c is moved to the side closer to the second position, contrary to FIG. 10, so that the insulating layer 13j of the electret plate 13c is the electrostatic terminal at the second position. in contact with 13d and the second power supply terminal 13e _2, second transmission electrode 12b is connected piece 12d, the electrostatic terminal 13d, the insulating layer 13j, the conductive layer 13i, sequentially through the second power supply terminal 13e _2, AC power source 11 is connected to the second electrode 11b through electric field coupling. Therefore, also in this case, the power transmission body is provided via the capacitor 30a constituted by the first power transmission electrode 12a and the second power reception electrode 22b and the capacitor 30b constituted by the second power transmission electrode 12b and the first power reception electrode 22a. AC power is supplied from 10A to the load 21 of the power receiver 20A. Thus, since power can be supplied regardless of the arrangement direction of the power receiving body 20A, the degree of freedom of the arrangement direction of the power receiving body 20A can be increased, and so-called free position can be achieved.

(Effect of Embodiment 1)
According to such a configuration, the connection state between the power source and the power transmission electrode 12 can be switched by driving the electret plate 13c along the movable direction by the electric charge generated in the electrostatic terminal 13d, and the power transmission body 10A can be switched. Since power can be supplied regardless of the arrangement direction of the power receiving body 20A, the degree of freedom of the arrangement direction of the power receiving body 20A can be increased, and a so-called free position can be achieved.
In particular, driving the electret plate 13c with electric charge eliminates the need for mechanical operation accompanied by member deformation like a cantilever, so that the problem of metal fatigue and welding can be solved, and the life of the power supply system 1A can be reduced. Reliability can be improved.
Furthermore, when covering the conductive layer 13i of the electret plate 13c in the insulating layer 13j is, since the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ is connected to the electrostatic terminal 13d via an insulating layer 13j, Capacitance between these terminals increases (impedance decreases), and it becomes possible to supply power with a high-frequency current.

Further, since the parallel movable along the electret plate 13c in the movable direction, always stable insulating layer 13j and the conductive layer 13i with respect to the electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ It can be contacted with a uniform state, while minimizing the impedance between mutual electrostatic terminal 13d and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e _2, the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal It is possible to reliably supply power from 13e ₂ to the electrostatic terminal 13d.

Further, the shape geometry and the first power supply terminal 13e ₁ or the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ of the electrostatic terminals 13d, so formed in a comb shape or a spiral, between each other and the electrostatic terminal 13d and the electret plate 13c a suction force or repulsive force generated, a suction force or repulsive force generated between each other and the second power supply terminal 13e ₂ and the electret plate 13c, it is possible to produce uniformly respective portions of the electret plate 13c.

  Further, since the power receiving body 20A includes the power receiving electrode 22 and the polarity maintaining unit 24, the polarity of the power receiving electrode 22 can be maintained at the positive electrode or the negative electrode by the polarity maintaining unit 24, and depending on the polarity of the power receiving electrode 22 The electrostatic drive switch 13 of the power transmission body 10A can be switched.

  Moreover, when the polarity maintenance part 24 is comprised using the electret board 13c, since the polarity of the receiving electrode 22 can be maintained to a positive electrode or a negative electrode, without using a power supply or a switch, the lifetime of 1 A of electric power supply systems And reliability can be improved.

[Embodiment 2]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, one power receiving electrode can be disposed opposite to a plurality of power transmitting electrodes at the same time. However, regarding the configuration and operation of the second embodiment, the configuration and operation that are not particularly described are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are attached as necessary, and the description thereof is omitted.

  22 and 23 are longitudinal sectional views schematically showing the power transmitting body 10A and the power receiving body 20A according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 22 is a state in which the power receiving body 20A is arranged without being deviated from the power transmitting body 10A. FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the power receiving body 20A is disposed so as to be shifted with respect to the power transmitting body 10A. FIG. 24 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between the power transmitting electrode 12 and the power receiving electrode 22 in FIG. In the present embodiment, the power transmission body 10A and the power reception body 20A are configured such that one power reception electrode 22 can be disposed opposite to the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 simultaneously. 22 and 23 show an example in which the power receiver 20A shown in FIG. 21 is used. In FIG. 24, the power transmission electrode 12 is actually covered with the surface insulating layer 7 and arranged in an unexposed state. However, for the sake of explanation, the surface insulating layer 7 is omitted and the power transmission electrode 12 is exposed. Indicates the state of the

Specifically, the power transmission body 10A includes three or more (here, ten) power transmission electrodes 12 and three or more (here, ten) electrostatic drives connected to each of the power transmission bodies 10A. A switch 13 is provided. The power transmission electrodes 12 are arranged in parallel at predetermined equal intervals (for example, at intervals of 5 mm). The first power supply terminal 13 e ₁ in these electrostatic drive switches 13 is connected to the first pole 11 a of the AC power supply 11 through a common line 40, and the second power supply terminal 13 e ₂ is connected through a common line 42. And connected to the second pole 11b of the AC power supply 11. In this configuration, each of the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 arranged to face the positive power receiving electrode 22 is simultaneously connected to the second pole 11b of the AC power supply 11 via the electrostatic drive switch 13, and the negative power receiving electrode 22 is connected. Each of the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 arranged opposite to each other is simultaneously connected to the first pole 11a of the AC power supply 11 via the electrostatic drive switch 13 to supply power.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 24, the area of one power transmission electrode 12 is set to be less than or equal to half the area of one power reception electrode 22 (here, about one quarter or less). One power receiving electrode 22 can be disposed opposite to the plurality of power transmitting electrodes 12 at the same time. Accordingly, regardless of the position and orientation of the power receiving body 20A with respect to the power transmitting body 10A, almost the same number of power transmitting electrodes 12 are always disposed opposite to the power receiving electrode 22, and the degree of freedom of arrangement of the power receiving body 20A is increased. It can be further enhanced.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, the mutual space | interval W1 of the some power receiving electrode 22 of 20 A of power receiving bodies is the width W2 of each of the some power transmitting electrode 12 of 10 A of power transmission bodies, and the arrangement | positioning space | interval W3 of the some power transmitting electrode 12 It is larger than 1.414 times (diagonal length) of the total value. For this reason, it can avoid that both the 1st power receiving electrode 22a and the 2nd power receiving electrode 22b are opposingly arranged by the one power transmission electrode 12. FIG.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the power receiving body 20A is displaced with respect to the power transmitting body 10A (the side surfaces of the power transmitting electrode 12 and the side surfaces of the power receiving electrode 22 are the surfaces of the power transmitting electrode 12 and the power receiving electrode 22). It is also conceivable that they are arranged in a state where they are not on the same line orthogonal to the direction. However, even in this state, the polarity of the power transmission electrode 12 is either the positive electrode or the negative electrode depending on the facing area between the power transmission electrode 12 and the power reception electrode 22, so that power is supplied in the same manner as in FIG. be able to. In FIG. 24, the power transmission electrode 12 and the power reception electrode 22 are square, but may be circular or the like.

(Effect of Embodiment 2)
According to the second embodiment, since one power receiving electrode 22 can be disposed opposite to the plurality of power transmitting electrodes 12 at the same time, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the power receiving body 20A with respect to the power transmitting body 10A can be further increased.

[Embodiment 3]
Next, Embodiment 3 will be described. The third embodiment is a form in which a plurality of power transmission bodies are arranged in parallel. However, regarding the configuration and operation of the third embodiment, the configuration and operation that are not particularly described are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are attached as necessary, and the description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 25 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the power transmitting body 10A and the power receiving body 20A according to the present embodiment, in which (a) is a state where one power receiving electrode is arranged not to straddle a plurality of AC power sources. FIGS. 5B and 5C show a state in which the power receiving electrode is disposed so as to straddle a plurality of AC power sources (in FIG. 25, the power receiving body 20A is shown in a simplified manner). FIG. 26 is a plan view showing an arrangement state of the power transmission electrodes of FIG. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that power is supplied over a larger area than in the second embodiment. Even in this case, as in the second embodiment, only one power transmission body 10A may be provided, and a large number of power transmission electrodes 12 and a large number of electrostatic drive switches 13 may be connected to a single AC power supply 11. Although it is conceivable, when a large number of electrostatic drive switches 13 are connected to one AC power supply 11 in this way, problems due to the capacitance of the electrostatic drive switch 13 may occur. That is, the electrostatic capacity of the electrostatic drive switch 13 that is in an on state (energized state) because the power receiving body 20A is disposed oppositely and the off state because the power receiving body 20A is not disposed oppositely. When the capacitance of the electrostatic drive switch 13 that is not energized is a ratio of about three digits, about 1000 electrostatic drive switches 13 are connected to one AC power supply 11. Then, the total capacitance of the electrostatic drive switch 13 in the off state becomes equal to the capacitance of one electrostatic drive switch 13 in the on state, and the electrostatic drive switch 13 in the off state is equivalent. There is a problem that it is turned on.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, in order to limit the total number of electrostatic drive switches 13 connected to one AC power supply 11 to a predetermined number (hereinafter referred to as the upper limit number of arrangements) or less, the electrostatic drive switches 13 having the upper limit number of arrangements or less. As a unit module of the power transmission body 10A including only the necessary number of the power transmission bodies 10A are arranged in parallel. FIG. 26 shows the power transmission electrodes connected to the power transmission body 10A of four unit modules. The number of power transmission electrodes connected to the power transmission body 10A of one unit module (the power transmission body 10A of one unit module) 49 (7 columns × 7 rows) is the same as the upper limit number of the electrostatic drive switches 13 connected). This upper limit number of arrangements is set so that it is not equivalently turned on even when all the electrostatic drive switches 13 are turned off. By modularizing the power transmission body 10A in this way, it is possible to prevent the electrostatic drive switch 13 in the off state from being equivalently turned on even when power is supplied over a wide area. Moreover, by modularizing, while being able to reduce the manufacturing cost of 10 A of power transmission bodies, the reliability can be improved.

  Here, when a plurality of power transmission bodies 10A are provided in the unit modules as described above, one power receiving electrode 22 is arranged for the separate AC power supply 11 as shown in FIGS. 25 (b) and 25 (c). May occur. In each of these drawings, the second power receiving electrode 22b is simultaneously disposed facing the power transmitting electrode 12 of a different power transmitting body 10A. In this case, the AC power supplies 11 of the plurality of power transmission bodies 10A are preferably synchronized with each other, and are preferably supplied with the same frequency. When synchronization is achieved in this way, it is possible to operate a plurality of power transmission bodies 10A as if they were one large power transmission body 10A and to supply power while maintaining continuity between the power transmission bodies 10A. . In addition, when the load 21 of the power receiving body 20A is large, the power receiving electrode 22 may be increased in size. However, such a large power receiving electrode 22 is simultaneously disposed to face the power transmitting electrodes 12 of the plurality of power transmitting bodies 10A. As a result, it is possible to supply power from a plurality of AC power supplies 11, so that the capacity of one AC power supply 11 can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the power transmission body 10A can be further reduced. However, when it is necessary to receive a large amount of power with the relatively small power receiving electrode 22, the power receiving electrode 22 may be disposed opposite to the power transmitting electrode 12 via a power receiving plate having a large area.

(Effect of Embodiment 3)
According to the third embodiment, since the power transmission body 10A is modularized, it is possible to prevent the electrostatic drive switch 13 in the off state from being equivalently turned on even when power is supplied over a wide area. Moreover, by modularizing, while being able to reduce the manufacturing cost of 10 A of power transmission bodies, the reliability can be improved. Furthermore, by synchronizing the AC power supplies 11 of the plurality of power transmission bodies 10A to each other, the plurality of power transmission bodies 10A are operated as if they were one large power transmission body 10A, and the continuity between the power transmission bodies 10A is maintained. However, it becomes possible to supply power.

[III] Modifications to Each Embodiment While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the specific configuration and means of the present invention are within the scope of the technical idea of each invention described in the claims. It can be arbitrarily modified and improved within. Hereinafter, such a modification will be described.

(About problems to be solved and effects of the invention)
In addition, the problems to be solved by the invention and the effects of the invention are not limited to the above-described contents, and the present invention solves the problems not described above or has the effects not described above. There are also cases where only some of the described problems are solved or only some of the described effects are achieved.

(About mutual application of each embodiment)
The configurations and operations shown in the embodiments can be applied to each other. For example, the power supply system may be configured by applying the power receiving body 20A described in Embodiment 1 with reference to FIG. 20 to the power receiving body 20A in Embodiment 2 or 3.

(Regarding the location of the power transmitter and power receiver)
In the above embodiment, the power transmitting body 10A is arranged in the lower region of the top plate 6 of the desk 5 and the power receiving body 20A is arranged in the upper region of the top plate 6 of the desk 5, but such an example is shown. The power transmitting body 10A and the power receiving body 20A can be arranged in any direction without being limited to the vertical direction. For example, the power transmitting body 10A may be disposed in the wall surface or the ceiling, and the power receiving body 20A may be disposed in contact with the wall surface or the ceiling or at a predetermined interval.

(About circuit configuration)
The details of the circuit configuration shown in the figure can be arbitrarily changed unless otherwise specified. For example, a smoothing capacitor may be added, or a circuit element for overcurrent protection may be added. The same function may be replaced with another known circuit configuration for the configuration described specially. In addition, the number of connection of the power transmission electrodes 12 to the electrostatic drive switch 13 can be changed, and a plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 can be connected to one electrostatic drive switch 13 or one can be connected to a plurality of electrostatic drive switches 13. The power transmission electrode 12 may be connected.

(About communication function)
The power transmission body 10A and the power reception body 20A may be provided with a communication unit for performing communication with each other. For example, the power amount and supply timing of the power to be supplied to the load 21 are transmitted from the power receiving body 20A to the power transmitting body 10A via the communication unit, or the series resonance condition and the parallel resonance condition are transmitted. You may make it supply electric power from 10 A of power transmission bodies based on these transmitted information.

(Applicable items)
As one specific application example of the power supply system 1A according to the above-described embodiment, power supply using an electric vehicle as a power receiver 20A can be cited. For example, the power transmission body 10A can be arranged on the floor surface of a stand for an electric vehicle, and electric power can be supplied to the electric vehicle as the power receiving body 20A stopped on the floor surface. In this case, if necessary, the power transmission electrode 12 may be lifted up together with the floor surface and may be brought close to the power reception electrode 22 provided near the bottom surface of the electric vehicle. Or conversely, the power receiving electrode 22 of the electric vehicle may be lifted down.

1A to 1H Power supply system 2 Power supply area 3 Power supply area 4 Boundary surface 5 Desk 6 Top plate 7 Surface insulating layer 10A to 10H Power transmission body 11 AC power source 11a First pole 11b Second pole 12 Power transmission electrode 12a First power transmission electrode 12b second transmission electrodes 12c, 12d, 13l, 13m connecting piece 13 electrostatically actuated switch 13a first electrostatic drive switch 13b second electrostatic drive switch 13c electret plate 13d electrostatically pin 13e power supply terminal 13e ₁ first power supply terminal 13e ₂ 2nd power supply terminal 13f, 31 Resistance 13g, 17, 18, 27, 28, 30 Capacitor 13h Movable space 13i, 24h Conductive layer 13j Insulating layer 13k, 24i, 40, 42 Line 13n Housing 13p Mesh 14, 15, 23, 24, 25 Coil 16, 26 Transformer 20A to 20H Body 21 Load 22 Power receiving electrode 22a First power receiving electrode 22b Second power receiving electrode 24 Polarity maintaining unit 24a DC power supply 24b Switch 24c Choke coil 24d Bypass line 24e First power receiving side electret plate 24f Second power receiving side electret plate 24g Power receiving side electret plate 29 active capacitance 30a first capacitor 30b second capacitor 41 ground

Claims (9)

An electrostatic drive switch disposed in a power transmission body for supplying power to the power reception body, and supplying power supplied from a power source to the power transmission electrode of the power transmission body disposed opposite to the power reception electrode of the power reception body An electrostatic drive switch for switching a connection state between the power source and the power transmission electrode,
An electret plate that is movable within the movable space along a movable direction that connects a first position and a second position that face each other across the movable space, and is a first side surface that is close to the first position. Is charged to a positive charge and the second side surface close to the second position is charged to a negative charge, or the first side surface close to the first position is a positive charge or An electret plate that is charged to one of the negative charges and has the second side surface close to the second position uncharged, and having a conductive layer formed on the first side surface and the second side surface When,
Electrostatic terminals connected to the power transmission electrodes, which are terminals disposed at the first position and the second position;
A first power supply terminal connected to a first pole of a power supply, the electrode being spaced apart from the electrostatic terminal in the first position;
A second power supply terminal connected to the second pole of the power supply, the electrode being spaced apart from the electrostatic terminal in the second position;
The electret plate is disposed on a surface facing the electrostatic terminal, the first power supply terminal, and the second power supply terminal, or the electrostatic terminal, the first power supply terminal, and the second power supply terminal. An insulating layer disposed on a surface facing the electret plate;
By driving the electret plate along the movable direction by the electrostatic charge generated in the electrostatic terminal via the power transmission electrode by the electrostatic charge charged in the power receiving electrode, the first power supply terminal or the first power supply terminal Either one of the two power terminals is brought close to or in contact with the electrostatic terminal via the conductive layer and the insulating layer so as to be capable of electric field coupling;
Electrostatic drive switch. An electrostatic drive switch disposed in a power transmission body for supplying power to the power reception body, and supplying power supplied from a power source to the power transmission electrode of the power transmission body disposed opposite to the power reception electrode of the power reception body In order to do so, an electrostatic drive switch for switching the connection state between the power source and the power transmission electrode,
An electret plate that is movable within the movable space along a movable direction that connects a first position and a second position that face each other across the movable space, and is a first side surface that is close to the first position. Is charged to a positive charge and the second side surface close to the second position is charged to a negative charge, or the first side surface close to the first position is a positive charge or An electret plate that is charged to one of the negative charges and has the second side surface close to the second position uncharged, and having a conductive layer formed on the first side surface and the second side surface When,
Electrostatic terminals connected to the power transmission electrodes, which are terminals disposed at the first position and the second position;
A first power supply terminal connected to a first pole of a power supply, the electrode being spaced apart from the electrostatic terminal in the first position;
An electrode disposed at a distance from the electrostatic terminal in the second position, the second terminal including a second power terminal connected to a second pole of a power source;
By driving the electret plate along the movable direction by the electrostatic charge generated in the electrostatic terminal via the power transmission electrode by the electrostatic charge charged in the power receiving electrode, the first power supply terminal or the first power supply terminal One of two power supply terminals is connected to the electrostatic terminal via the conductive layer;
Electrostatic drive switch. Suction generated between the electrostatic terminal and the electret plate, the shape of the electrostatic terminal and the shape of the first power terminal or the second power terminal arranged at the same position as the electrostatic terminal. By making the force or repulsive force a shape that is uniformly generated for each part of the electret plate, the electret plate can be translated along the movable direction.
The electrostatic drive switch according to claim 1 or 2. The shape of the electrostatic terminal and the shape of the first power supply terminal or the second power supply terminal arranged at the same position as the electrostatic terminal are spaced from each other in a plane orthogonal to the movable direction. Formed in a comb shape or spiral shape that meshes with each other,
The electrostatic drive switch according to claim 3. A power transmission body for supplying power to a power reception body,
A plurality of electrostatic drive switches according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A power transmission electrode connected to the electrostatic terminal in each of the plurality of electrostatic drive switches, the power transmission electrode comprising a plurality of power transmission electrodes disposed opposite to the plurality of power reception electrodes provided on the power receiver;
Power transmission body. A power transmission body including a power source, a plurality of electrostatic drive switches, and a plurality of power transmission electrodes, wherein the electrostatic drive switches are driven according to the polarity of electrostatic charges attracted to each of the plurality of power transmission electrodes. A power receiving body that receives power supply from a power transmitting body that switches a connection state between the power source and the plurality of power transmitting electrodes,
A plurality of power receiving electrodes disposed opposite to the plurality of power transmitting electrodes provided in the power transmission body;
Polarity maintaining means for maintaining a state in which positive charge is attracted to at least one of the plurality of power receiving electrodes, and maintaining a state in which negative charge is attracted to at least one other,
Driving the electrostatic drive switch by attracting the electrostatic charge according to the polarity of the electrostatic charge attracted to the power receiving electrode by the polarity maintaining means to the power transmitting electrode disposed opposite to the power receiving electrode;
Power receiver. The polarity maintaining means is provided on at least one of the plurality of power receiving electrodes, and a side surface close to the power receiving electrode is charged with either a positive charge or a negative charge and the power receiving The side surface away from the electrode is charged with either the positive charge or the negative charge, or the first side surface close to the first position is charged with one of the positive charge or the negative charge and the first charge is charged. The second side surface close to the two positions includes an electret plate that is uncharged.
The power receiving body according to claim 6. A power supply system for supplying power to a predetermined load from a power transmitter via a power receiver,
A power transmission body according to claim 5;
A power receiver according to claim 6 or 7,
The power transmission electrode of the power transmission body and the power reception electrode of the power reception body are directly contacted with each other to supply power from the power transmission electrode to the power reception electrode, or are configured to face each other in a non-contact manner. Power is supplied through a series capacitor, a series resonance, a parallel resonance, or an active capacitance method.
Power supply system. The area of the power feeding surface of each of the power transmitting electrode of the power transmitting body and the power receiving electrode of the power receiving body is an area where one power receiving electrode can be disposed opposite to the plurality of power transmitting electrodes simultaneously,
The interval between the plurality of power receiving electrodes of the power receiving body is made larger than the width of each power feeding surface of the plurality of power transmitting electrodes of the previous power transmitting body,
The power supply system according to claim 8.

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