JP2012114094A - 水酸化ニッケル電極材料及びその製法 - Google Patents
水酸化ニッケル電極材料及びその製法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2012114094A JP2012114094A JP2012009017A JP2012009017A JP2012114094A JP 2012114094 A JP2012114094 A JP 2012114094A JP 2012009017 A JP2012009017 A JP 2012009017A JP 2012009017 A JP2012009017 A JP 2012009017A JP 2012114094 A JP2012114094 A JP 2012114094A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- active
- positive electrode
- atomic
- particle
- nickel hydroxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 25
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 129
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003266 NiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910006083 NiCoZn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003398 denaturant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- ZRUWFKRETRELPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;nickel(2+) Chemical group N.[Ni+2] ZRUWFKRETRELPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBFQLHGCEMEQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[Ni] Chemical compound N.[Ni] NBFQLHGCEMEQFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003307 Ni-Cd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011262 electrochemically active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003260 vortexing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
- H01M4/32—Nickel oxide or hydroxide electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】第二の特性を最大にする組成を有する第一又は内側活性正極材料と、第一の特性を最大にする組成を有する第二又は外側活性正極材料とを含み、前記第二又は外側活性正極材料は、前記第一又は内側活性正極材料のまわりに前記内側活性正極材料を完全に取り巻くべく配置され、前記第二又は外側活性正極材料は、前記正極粒子の質量の少なくとも10%に等しい質量を有し、前記正極粒子は、前記第二又は外側活性正極材料によって主に決定される前記第一の特性と、前記第一又は内側活性正極材料及び前記第二又は外側活性正極材料の組み合わせによって主に決定される前記第二の特性とを有する正極粒子。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、同時係属米国特許出願「改善された電気伝導性と良く設計された活性化エネルギーを呈する水酸化ニッケル正極材料」と題する1998年8月17日フィエロ他による出願の出願番号第09/135,477号及び「複合正極材料及びその製法」と題する1998年8月17日フェトセンコ他による出願の出願番号第09/135,460号の一部継続出願である。
本発明は、活性多層正極材料に関する。より詳しくは、本発明は多層水酸化ニッケル粒子及びその製法に関する。
・ (NiCo)(OH)2
・ (NiCoZn)(OH)2
・ (NiCoZnMgCa)(OH)2
・ (NiCoZnMnMgCa)(OH)2
・ (NiCoZnMgCaCuMn)(OH)2
第一材料は、Nia(BbCcDdEe...Mm)で記述される金属組成を有し、ここでaは85から98原子%であり、bからmはそれぞれ0から15原子%であり、a+b+c+d+e+...+m=100原子%。
第二材料は、Nia’(Bb’Cc’Dd’Ee’ ...Mm’)で記述される金属組成を有し、ここでa’は85から98原子%であり、b’からm’はそれぞれ0から15原子%であり、a’+b’+c’+d’+e’+...+m’=100原子%。
B、C、D、E、...Mは、Al、Bi、Ca、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、In、La、希土類金属、Mg、Mn、Ru、Sb、Sn、Ti、Zn、Ba、Si及びSrから成る群から選ばれた変性剤である。また
1原子%≦|a−a’|+|b−b’|+|c−c’|+|d−d’|+|e−e’|+...+|m−m’|≦25原子%である。
3≦b≦9;3≦b’≦9、
0≦c≦7;0≦c’≦7、
0.25≦d≦2;0.25≦d’≦2、
0.25≦e≦2;0.25≦e’≦2、
ここで、a+b+c+d+e=100原子%、且つa’+b’+c’+d’+e’=100原子%。
実施例1.
第一即ち内側材料 −Ni95Co3Mg0.5Zn0.5Ca1.0
第二即ち外側材料 −Ni91Co4.5Zn4.5
ここで組成差は、|95−91|+|3−4.5|+|0.5−4.5|+|0.5−0|+|1.0−0|=11。
実施例2.
第一即ち内側材料 −Ni91Co4.5Zn4.5
第二即ち外側材料 −Ni95Co3Mg0.5Zn0.5Ca1.0
ここで組成差は、|91−95|+|4.5−3|+|4.5−0.5|+|0−0.5|+|0−1.0|=11。
実施例3.
第一即ち内側材料 −Ni91Co4.5Zn4.5
第二即ち外側材料 −Ni91Co7Mg0.5Zn0.5Ca1.0
ここで組成差は、|91−91|+|4.5−7|+|4.5−0.5|+|0−0.5|+|0−1.0|=8。
実施例4.
第一即ち内側材料 −Ni95Co5
第二即ち外側材料 −Ni95Co3Mg0.5Zn0.5Ca1.0
ここで組成差は、|95−95|+|5−3|+|0−0.5|+|0−0.5|+|0−1.0|=4。
実施例5.
第一即ち内側材料 −Ni95Co3Zn2
第二即ち外側材料 −Ni88.5Co7.0Zn3.5Mg0.5Ca0.5
ここで組成差は、|91−88.5|+|3−7|+|2−3.5|+|0−0.5|+|0−0.5|=13。
実施例6.
第一即ち内側材料 −Ni91Co4.5Zn4.5
第二即ち外側材料 −Ni93Co5Mg0.5Zn0.5Ca1.0
ここで組成差は、|91−93|+|4.5−5|+|4.5−0.5|+|0−0.5|+|0−1.0|=8。
実施例7.
第一即ち内側材料 −Ni95Co3Mg0.5Zn0.5Ca1.0
第二即ち外側材料 −Ni93Co5Mg0.5Zn0.5Ca1.0
ここで組成差は、|92−93|+|3−5|+|0.5−0.5|+|0.5−0.5|+|1.0−1.0|=3。
・ 低い充填密度と制御されない粒径をもたらす第一反応器における未熟成析出。
・ 第一反応器において非常に過剰なアンモニアを使用しなければ成らないことによる低い歩留まり。
・ 稀薄な硫酸塩溶液が必要なことによる高い放流量。
・ 二つの反応速度を平衡させるという自動制御の立場からの複雑さ。
・ ニッケル・アンモニア錯塩を分解するのに必要な高いpH(>12)に起因する第二反応器内での腐食による機器の早期故障。
・ 放流量を効果的に低減する高濃度反応溶液の使用。
・ より低いpHの使用、それによる機器及び工程管理の寿命と信頼性の向上。
・ 二反応器を平衡させる必要性の消失と、その結果として処理工程の単純性の向上。
Claims (22)
- 正極粒子であって、
第一活性正極材料と、
前記第一材料のまわりに配置された第二活性正極材料と
を含み、
前記第二活性正極材料は、粒子質量の少なくとも10%である正極粒子。 - 前記第二活性正極材料は、粒子質量の20%から55%である、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第二材料は、電解液と前記第一活性材料との間のイオン輸送をさせるべく、前記第二材料の最外部から最内部に延びる複数のチャンネルを有する、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記チャンネルは、35オングストローム以上の平均間隙サイズを有する、請求項3の正極粒子。
- 前記第一材料及び第二材料は、1から25原子%の組成差を有する、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第一材料又は第二材料は、金属伝導材料が埋め込まれた組成物である、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第一材料及び第二材料は、1から18原子%の組成差を有する、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第二活性材料は、9原子%以下の濃度のCoを含む、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第二活性材料は、Co、Zn、Ca、及びMgを含む水酸化ニッケル粒子である、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第一活性材料は、Co、Zn、Ca、及びMgを含む水酸化ニッケル粒子である、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第一活性材料は、(NiCo)(OH)2、(NiCoZn)(OH)2、(NiCoZnMgCa)(OH)2、(NiCoZnMnMgCa)(OH)2、及び(NiCoZnMgCaCuMn)(OH)2から成る群から選ばれた基本組成を有する、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第二活性材料は、(NiCo)(OH)2、(NiCoZn)(OH)2、(NiCoZnMgCa)(OH)2、(NiCoZnMnMgCa)(OH)2、及び(NiCoZnMgCaCuMn)(OH)2から成る群から選ばれた基本組成を有する、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 前記第二材料は前記第一材料より長いサイクル寿命を有する、請求項1の正極粒子。
- 水酸化ニッケル粒子であって、
第一活性水酸化ニッケル材料と、
前記第一材料のまわりに配置された第二活性水酸化ニッケル材料と
を含み、
前記第二活性水酸化ニッケル材料は、粒子質量の少なくとも10%に等しい質量を有する粒子。 - 前記第一材料及び前記第二材料は、
前記第一材料が、Nia(BbCcDdEe...Mm)を特徴とする金属組成を有し、aは85から98原子%であり、bからmはそれぞれ0から15原子%であり、a+b+c+d+e+...+m=100原子%であり、
前記第二材料が、Nia’(Bb’Cc’Dd’Ee’ ...Mm’)を特徴とする金属組成を有し、a’は85から98原子%であり、b’からm’はそれぞれ0から15原子%であり、a’+b’+c’+d’+e’+...+m’=100原子%であり、
B、C、D、E、...Mは、Al、Bi、Ca、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、In、La、希土類金属、Mg、Mn、Ru、Sb、Sn、Ti、Zn、Ba、Si及びSrから成る群から選ばれた変性剤であり、
1原子%≦|a−a’|+|b−b’|+|c−c’|+|d−d’|+|e−e’|+...+|m−m’|≦25原子%であることを特徴とする組成差を有する、請求項14の粒子。 - 前記第二材料は、前記第一材料より長いサイクル寿命を有する外側材料である、請求項14の粒子。
- 前記活性材料の少なくとも一つは、伝導材料が埋め込まれた組成物である、請求項14の粒子。
- 前記第二材料は、電解液と前記第一材料との間のイオン輸送をさせるべく、前記第二材料の最外部から最内部に延びる複数のチャンネルを有する、請求項14の粒子。
- B、C、D、及びEは、それぞれCo、Zn、Mg、及びCaであり、
3≦b≦9;3≦b’≦9、
c≦7;c’≦7、
d≦2;d’≦2、
e≦2;e’≦2、
a+b+c+d+e=100原子%である、請求項15の粒子。 - 1原子%≦|a−a’|b−b’|+|c−c’|+|d−d’|+|e−e’|+...+|m−m’|≦16原子%である、請求項15の粒子。
- 請求項1に記載の複数の粒子を含む、電池正極用粉体。
- 前記複数の粒子は、水酸化ニッケル粒子である、請求項21の粉体。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/619,039 | 2000-07-18 | ||
| US09/619,039 US6416903B1 (en) | 1998-08-17 | 2000-07-18 | Nickel hydroxide electrode material and method for making the same |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011272532A Division JP5629676B2 (ja) | 2000-07-18 | 2011-12-13 | 水酸化ニッケルの正極材料 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2012114094A true JP2012114094A (ja) | 2012-06-14 |
| JP5629699B2 JP5629699B2 (ja) | 2014-11-26 |
Family
ID=24480198
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002513032A Pending JP2004504698A (ja) | 2000-07-18 | 2001-07-06 | 水酸化ニッケル電極材料並びにその製法 |
| JP2011272532A Expired - Lifetime JP5629676B2 (ja) | 2000-07-18 | 2011-12-13 | 水酸化ニッケルの正極材料 |
| JP2012009017A Expired - Lifetime JP5629699B2 (ja) | 2000-07-18 | 2012-01-19 | 水酸化ニッケル電極材料 |
Family Applications Before (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002513032A Pending JP2004504698A (ja) | 2000-07-18 | 2001-07-06 | 水酸化ニッケル電極材料並びにその製法 |
| JP2011272532A Expired - Lifetime JP5629676B2 (ja) | 2000-07-18 | 2011-12-13 | 水酸化ニッケルの正極材料 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6416903B1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1301952B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP2004504698A (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN1265481C (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2001273237A1 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR0112611A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2415471A1 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX230141B (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW522598B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2002007238A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3866884B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-08 | 2007-01-10 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | アルカリ電池 |
| TW520575B (en) * | 2000-04-21 | 2003-02-11 | Sony Corp | Positive electrode material and nickel-zinc battery |
| WO2001097305A1 (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2001-12-20 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Anode active material for alkali storage battery, anode including the same, and alkali storage battery |
| US7585435B2 (en) * | 2000-11-06 | 2009-09-08 | Tanaka Chemical Corporation | High density cobalt-manganese coprecipitated nickel hydroxide and process for its production |
| NZ520452A (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2005-03-24 | Lg Chemical Ltd | Anion containing mixed hydroxide and lithium transition metal oxide with gradient of metal composition |
| US6830725B2 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2004-12-14 | Texaco Ovonic Battery Systems, Llc | Hydrogen storage alloys having a high porosity surface layer |
| US6881234B2 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-04-19 | Frank E. Towsley | Method for making electrodes for nickel-metal hydride batteries |
| JP2007518244A (ja) * | 2004-01-08 | 2007-07-05 | オヴォニック バッテリー カンパニー インコーポレイテッド | ニッケル電極用正電極活性材料 |
| JP4849854B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-26 | 2012-01-11 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 水素吸蔵合金電極、アルカリ蓄電池及びアルカリ蓄電池の製造方法 |
| WO2008133642A2 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-11-06 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Advanced metal-air battery having a ceramic membrane electrolyte |
| US8771879B2 (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2014-07-08 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Lithium—sulfur battery with a substantially non-porous lisicon membrane and porous lisicon layer |
| US9209445B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2015-12-08 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Nickel-metal hydride/hydrogen hybrid battery using alkali ion conducting separator |
| US8012621B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2011-09-06 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Nickel-metal hydride battery using alkali ion conducting separator |
| WO2009070600A2 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-04 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Substantially solid, flexible electrolyte for alkili-metal-ion batteries |
| US8088270B2 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2012-01-03 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Process for recovering alkali metals and sulfur from alkali metal sulfides and polysulfides |
| US10320033B2 (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2019-06-11 | Enlighten Innovations Inc. | Alkali metal ion battery using alkali metal conductive ceramic separator |
| US20090189567A1 (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-07-30 | Joshi Ashok V | Zinc Anode Battery Using Alkali Ion Conducting Separator |
| US8323817B2 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2012-12-04 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Alkali metal seawater battery |
| US9475998B2 (en) | 2008-10-09 | 2016-10-25 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Process for recovering alkali metals and sulfur from alkali metal sulfides and polysulfides |
| EP2409354A4 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2012-06-13 | Ceramatec Inc | SODIUM SUCTION BATTERY WITH A SUBSTANTIALLY UNPOROUS MEMBRANE AND REINFORCED CATHODIC USE |
| JP5753852B2 (ja) | 2009-11-05 | 2015-07-22 | セラマテック・インク | ナトリウムイオン伝導性セラミックセパレーターを有する固体ナトリウム系二次電池 |
| US8771855B2 (en) | 2010-08-11 | 2014-07-08 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Alkali metal aqueous battery |
| EP2647080B8 (en) | 2010-12-01 | 2019-05-22 | Field Upgrading USA, Inc. | Moderate temperature sodium battery |
| CN102354617B (zh) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-10-03 | 天津国泰之光新材料技术研究院有限公司 | 一种高能镍碳超级电容器正极板浆料 |
| US10854929B2 (en) | 2012-09-06 | 2020-12-01 | Field Upgrading Usa, Inc. | Sodium-halogen secondary cell |
| US20150221989A1 (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2015-08-06 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Managemant Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active material for alkaline storage batteries, positive electrode for alkaline storage batteries and alkaline storage battery including the same, and nickel-metal hydride storage battery |
| JP6090673B2 (ja) | 2012-09-28 | 2017-03-08 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | アルカリ蓄電池とアルカリ蓄電池用の正極材 |
| EP3400625A4 (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2019-11-06 | BASF Corporation | NICKEL HYDROXIDE COMPOSITE FOR ALKALIA CUMULATOR |
| CN107068421A (zh) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-08-18 | 黄冈师范学院 | 一种钙掺杂氢氧化钴纳米片电极材料及其制法和在制备超级电容器中的应用 |
| JP6996960B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-14 | 2022-01-17 | Fdk株式会社 | ニッケル水素二次電池 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10149821A (ja) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-06-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アルカリ蓄電池用正極 |
| JPH10199539A (ja) * | 1997-01-10 | 1998-07-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アルカリ蓄電池用電極とその製造方法 |
| JPH10275631A (ja) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-10-13 | Canon Inc | 粉末材料、電極構造体、それらの製造方法及び二次電池 |
| JPH11509980A (ja) * | 1995-06-05 | 1999-08-31 | スターテック・ベンチャーズ・インコーポレーテッド | 半導体処理用超高純度塩酸の現場での製造 |
| JP2000149934A (ja) * | 1998-06-05 | 2000-05-30 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 水素化物二次電池とその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3092222B2 (ja) * | 1991-07-08 | 2000-09-25 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 水酸化ニッケル活物質およびニッケル正極とこれを用いたアルカリ蓄電池 |
| US5861225A (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1999-01-19 | Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. | Nickel battery electrode having multiple composition nickel hydroxide active materials |
| US5523182A (en) * | 1992-11-12 | 1996-06-04 | Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. | Enhanced nickel hydroxide positive electrode materials for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells |
| US5393617A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-02-28 | Electro Energy, Inc. | Bipolar electrochmeical battery of stacked wafer cells |
| JPH07114919A (ja) * | 1993-10-14 | 1995-05-02 | Toshiba Battery Co Ltd | ペースト式ニッケル極の製造方法 |
| JP3249326B2 (ja) * | 1995-02-14 | 2002-01-21 | 三洋電機株式会社 | アルカリ蓄電池用ニッケル活物質、その製造方法 |
| EP0794584A4 (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 2007-01-31 | Yuasa Battery Co Ltd | HYDROGEN STORAGE ELECTRODE, NICKEL ELECTRODE AND ALKALIS MEMORY BATTERY |
| US6040007A (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 2000-03-21 | Tanaka Chemical Corporation | Nickel hydroxide particles having an α- or β-cobalt hydroxide coating layer for use in alkali batteries and a process for producing the nickel hydroxide |
| EP1195824B1 (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 2011-10-05 | Panasonic Corporation | Positive electrode active material for alkaline storage batteries |
| JPH10125318A (ja) * | 1996-10-24 | 1998-05-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アルカリ蓄電池用正極活物質および正極 |
| KR19990015233A (ko) | 1997-08-04 | 1999-03-05 | 손욱 | 이중구조 수산화니켈 활물질의 제조방법 |
| JPH11307092A (ja) * | 1998-04-17 | 1999-11-05 | Sakai Chem Ind Co Ltd | アルカリ蓄電池正極活物質用水酸化ニッケル粉末及びその製造方法 |
-
2000
- 2000-07-18 US US09/619,039 patent/US6416903B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-07-06 CA CA002415471A patent/CA2415471A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-06 MX MXPA03000408 patent/MX230141B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-06 CN CNB018130119A patent/CN1265481C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-06 BR BR0112611-3A patent/BR0112611A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-07-06 JP JP2002513032A patent/JP2004504698A/ja active Pending
- 2001-07-06 CN CNA2006100818932A patent/CN1897335A/zh active Pending
- 2001-07-06 EP EP01952494.1A patent/EP1301952B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-06 AU AU2001273237A patent/AU2001273237A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-06 WO PCT/US2001/021443 patent/WO2002007238A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-07-16 TW TW090117275A patent/TW522598B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-12-13 JP JP2011272532A patent/JP5629676B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2012
- 2012-01-19 JP JP2012009017A patent/JP5629699B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11509980A (ja) * | 1995-06-05 | 1999-08-31 | スターテック・ベンチャーズ・インコーポレーテッド | 半導体処理用超高純度塩酸の現場での製造 |
| JPH10149821A (ja) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-06-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アルカリ蓄電池用正極 |
| JPH10275631A (ja) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-10-13 | Canon Inc | 粉末材料、電極構造体、それらの製造方法及び二次電池 |
| JPH10199539A (ja) * | 1997-01-10 | 1998-07-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アルカリ蓄電池用電極とその製造方法 |
| JP2000149934A (ja) * | 1998-06-05 | 2000-05-30 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 水素化物二次電池とその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX230141B (es) | 2005-08-23 |
| JP2004504698A (ja) | 2004-02-12 |
| WO2002007238A1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
| CN1897335A (zh) | 2007-01-17 |
| JP2012119323A (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
| EP1301952B1 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| TW522598B (en) | 2003-03-01 |
| US6416903B1 (en) | 2002-07-09 |
| EP1301952A1 (en) | 2003-04-16 |
| AU2001273237A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 |
| CA2415471A1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
| EP1301952A4 (en) | 2007-01-03 |
| JP5629699B2 (ja) | 2014-11-26 |
| CN1265481C (zh) | 2006-07-19 |
| JP5629676B2 (ja) | 2014-11-26 |
| BR0112611A (pt) | 2003-06-10 |
| CN1443375A (zh) | 2003-09-17 |
| MXPA03000408A (es) | 2003-09-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5629699B2 (ja) | 水酸化ニッケル電極材料 | |
| JP3578992B2 (ja) | 複合陽極材料およびその製法 | |
| JP5663520B2 (ja) | 水素貯蔵電池、ニッケル正極、正極活物質、並びに製法 | |
| CN115180659A (zh) | 基于壳核结构的镍钴锰前驱体、正极材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN109962234B (zh) | 浓度梯度的单晶正极材料及其制备方法 | |
| JP2012169281A5 (ja) | ||
| JP2001256968A (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材料およびその製造方法 | |
| US6432580B1 (en) | Method of making a nickel hydroxide material | |
| US5965297A (en) | Electrode materials having carbon particles with nano-sized inclusions therewithin and an associated electrochemical and fabrication process | |
| US5984982A (en) | Electrochemical synthesis of cobalt oxyhydroxide | |
| US6444363B1 (en) | Method of making a nickel hydroxide material | |
| US20050153204A1 (en) | Positive active material for a nickel electrode | |
| JP5250173B2 (ja) | 水酸化ニッケルの作製方法 | |
| JPH09147866A (ja) | ニッケル電極活物質及び該ニッケル電極活物質を使用したニッケル電極 | |
| JPH10284075A (ja) | アルカリ電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
| JP5146652B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用合金負極、その製造方法及びそれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP2004516607A5 (ja) | ||
| JP3239743B2 (ja) | アルカリ蓄電池用正極の製造方法 | |
| JPH10172559A (ja) | アルカリ蓄電池用ニッケル活物質およびその製造方法 | |
| JP2001325953A (ja) | アルカリ二次電池用の正極活物質、およびそれを用いたアルカリ二次電池 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20130730 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20131029 |
|
| A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20131101 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20131218 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20140225 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20140317 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20140924 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20141006 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5629699 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |