JP2012184045A - Elevator fault detection system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect fault of a bearing attached to a sheave.SOLUTION: An elevator fault detection system 10 includes: a sensor 11 that detects vibrations of the bearing 8a and converts vibration information into an electric signal; a filter 12 that can extract a predetermined frequency component out of the electric signal detected by the sensor 11; a recording device 15 that can record the electric signal extracted by the filter 12; a generator 16 that can generate power by rotation of the sheave 7a; and a power unit 17 where the power generated by the generator 16 is supplied and that can supply power to at least the sensor 11, the filter 12 and the recording device 15.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an elevator abnormality detection system that detects an abnormality of an elevator in which a car and a counterweight are suspended from a main rope.

  A rope type elevator has a main rope that suspends a car that moves up and down in a hoistway and a counterweight. In order to make an elevator operate stably, there is one that suppresses or monitors vibration generated in a car, a counterweight, and members attached thereto.

  A sheave with a main rope is attached to the top of the car. The sheave has a bearing, and the sheave can be smoothly rotated by the bearing. The sheave is also attached to the upper portion of the counterweight, and the main sheave is hung.

JP 2010-222143 A

  When the bearing attached to the sheave is used for a certain period, it is time to replace it. However, this bearing may be damaged before reaching a predetermined replacement timing. For the abnormality of the bearing, a sensor for vibration measurement or the like is attached in the vicinity of the bearing to diagnose the presence or absence of the abnormality. However, even if a sensor is attached in the vicinity of a car or a counterweight, in particular, a sheave bearing attached to the counterweight, it may be difficult to supply power to the sensor or to transmit a signal.

  In addition, it is often difficult to detect abnormalities by continuously investigating vibrations due to problems such as human sources.

  An embodiment of the present invention is for solving the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to enable detection of an abnormality in a bearing attached to a sheave.

  The elevator abnormality detection system according to the embodiment for achieving the above object includes a main rope that is driven by a hoisting machine by hanging a car and a counterweight, and is attached to each of the car and the counterweight, Is configured to rotate around a shaft extending in a predetermined direction as the main rope is driven, and each has a sheave provided with a bearing that supports the shaft. In the system, a sensor capable of detecting vibration of the bearing and converting vibration information into an electric signal, a filter capable of extracting a predetermined frequency component from the electric signal detected by the sensor, and extracted by the filter. A recording device capable of recording the electrical signal, a power generation device capable of generating power by rotating the sheave, and the power generation device. A power supply device that is supplied with power generated by the power supply and can supply power to at least the sensor, the filter, and the recording device, and based on the electrical signal recorded in the recording device, It is configured to be able to determine whether or not the intensity of vibration exceeds a predetermined range.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic front view schematically showing a configuration of an elevator having an elevator abnormality detection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the II section enlarged front view of Drawing 1, and shows composition of an elevator abnormality detection system. It is a front view which shows typically the structure of the elevator abnormality detection system of 2nd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a front view which shows typically the structure of the elevator abnormality detection system of 3rd Embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic front view which shows typically the structure of the elevator which has the elevator abnormality detection system of 4th Embodiment which concerns on this invention. FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view of the VI part in FIG. 5 and shows the configuration of the elevator abnormality detection system. It is a schematic front view which shows typically the structure of the elevator which has the elevator abnormality detection system of 5th Embodiment concerning this invention. It is a VIII section enlarged front view of Drawing 7, and shows composition of an elevator abnormality detection system.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
An elevator abnormality detection system 10 according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view schematically showing the configuration of an elevator having the abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, the abnormality detection system 10 is shown with a detailed configuration omitted. FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of a part II in FIG.

  First, the configuration of an elevator that is a target of abnormality detection in the abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment will be described.

  The elevator includes a hoisting machine 1, a main sheave 2 attached to the hoisting machine 1, a main rope 3 suspended from the main sheave 2, and a control device 1a.

  The elevator also includes a car 5b and a counterweight 5a that move up and down the hoistway 4, a car sheave 7b, a counter sheave 7a, and an abnormality detection system 10.

  The hoisting machine 1 includes a driving motor (not shown) for generating a driving force, and is disposed in a machine room 4 a at the upper part of the hoistway 4. The main sheave 2 is attached to the hoisting machine 1 to transmit the rotational force of the driving motor. The rotation shaft of the main sheave 2 is arranged horizontally. The main rope 3 is composed of a plurality of ropes, but is shown by a single line in FIGS. 1 and 2. Further, a plurality of grooves are formed on the end surface of the main sheave 2 along the rotation axis direction. The main rope 3 is configured to be movable on the groove when the main sheave 2 rotates.

  The car 5b moves up and down along a car rail 6b that is vertically arranged in the hoistway 4 when the rotational driving force of the main sheave 2 is transmitted through the main rope 3. The counterweight 5a can move up and down in the hoistway 4 and moves downward when the car 5b moves upward, and moves upward when the car 5b moves downward. The counterweight 5a moves up and down along the counter rail 6a.

  The counter sheave 7 a is attached to the upper part of the counterweight 5 a and rotates as the main rope 3 is driven. The counter sheave 7a rotates around a first shaft 9a that extends horizontally. The first shaft 9a is rotatably supported by a counter sheave bearing 8a.

  The car sheave 7b is attached to the upper part of the car 5b, and rotates in accordance with the driving of the main rope 3, similarly to the counter sheave 7a. The car sheave 7b rotates around a second shaft 9b extending horizontally. The second shaft 9b is rotatably supported by a car sheave bearing 8b.

  The control device 1a is disposed in the machine room 4a and controls the drive motor and the like of the hoist 1 to control the vertical movement of the car 5b and the like.

  The abnormality detection system 10 is for detecting an abnormality in the counter sheave bearing 8a. The sensor 11, the filter 12, the AD converter 13, the recording device 15, the power generation device 16, the power supply device 17, Have

  The sensor 11 is an acceleration sensor 11 that can detect vibration of the counter sheave bearing 8a and convert vibration information into an electrical signal. The sensor 11 is attached to the end of the first shaft 9a supported by the counter sheave bearing 8a.

  The filter 12 is a device that can extract a predetermined range of frequency components from the electrical signal detected by the sensor 11. The AD converter 13 is a device that converts the analog signal output from the filter 12 into a digital signal.

  The recording device 15 is a device capable of recording a signal converted into a digital signal by the AD converter 13.

  The power generation device 16 is configured to be able to generate power by the rotation of the counter sheave 7a. This power generator 16 converts the rotational energy of the counter sheave 7a into electric power.

  The power supply device 17 is of a battery type that can temporarily store the power supplied from the power generation device 16, and is configured to supply power to the sensor 11, the filter 12, the AD converter 13, the recording device 15, and the like. ing.

  When the maintenance engineer checks the elevator, the maintenance engineer may determine whether the vibration intensity of the counter sheave bearing 8a exceeds a predetermined range based on the electric signal stored in the recording device 15. it can. When the strength exceeds the predetermined range, the counter sheave bearing 8a is replaced even before the replacement timing.

  In addition, since the abnormality detection system 10 includes the power generation device 16 and the power supply device 17, vibration information of the counter sheave bearing 8 a is always obtained even when power is not supplied from the outside of the elevator while the elevator is operating. It becomes possible to continue measuring.

  As can be seen from the above description, according to the abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently grasp the replacement timing of the counter sheave bearing 8a. In addition, the system can easily detect abnormality of the bearing during maintenance.

  Moreover, vibration can be detected with higher sensitivity by attaching the sensor 11 to the end of the first shaft 9a. Thereby, it becomes possible to operate an elevator stably.

  Moreover, the abnormality detection system 10 of this embodiment can also be used for the car sheave bearing 8b.

[Second Embodiment]
The elevator of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing the configuration of the abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 and 2), and the same or similar parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is given. Omitted.

  The abnormality detection system 10 of this embodiment includes a signal processing device 20 and a warning lamp 21 in addition to the components of the abnormality detection system 10 described in the first embodiment.

  The signal processing device 20 is supplied with power from the power supply device 17 and is connected to the recording device 15 so as to communicate with each other. The signal processing device 20 compares the electrical signal recorded in the recording device 15 at a predetermined timing with the electrical signal recorded before the predetermined timing and when there is no abnormality in the counter sheave bearing 8a.

  The warning lamp 21 is turned on when electric power is supplied from the power supply device 17 and the electric signals compared by the signal processing device 20 are different from each other.

  As a result, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and an abnormality can be confirmed at an early stage when a maintenance worker performs an inspection operation, so that the maintenance operation can be performed more efficiently.

[Third Embodiment]
The elevator of 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing the configuration of the elevator abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment. In addition, this embodiment is a modification of 2nd Embodiment (FIG. 3), Comprising: The same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part or similar part as 2nd Embodiment, and duplication description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment includes a wireless communication device 25 in addition to the components of the abnormality detection system 10 described in the second embodiment.

  The wireless communication device 25 is supplied with power from the power supply device 17 and can wirelessly transmit the electrical signal recorded in the recording device 15 and communicates with a communication standard such as Bluetooth. The electrical signal transmitted by the wireless communication device 25 receives vibration information of the counter sheave bearing 8a at a position away from the car 5b by a predetermined distance, for example, at a receiving terminal (not shown) carried by a maintenance worker. it can.

  As a result, the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained, and information indicating an abnormality of the counter sheave bearing 8a can be accessed at a location away from the machine room 4a, and maintenance work can be performed more efficiently.

[Fourth Embodiment]
The elevator of 4th Embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. 5 and FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic front view schematically showing the configuration of an elevator having the abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, the abnormality detection system 10 is shown with a detailed configuration omitted. 6 is an enlarged front view of the VI part in FIG. 5 and shows the configuration of the abnormality detection system 10.

  The present embodiment is a modification of the third embodiment (FIG. 4), and the same or similar parts as those of the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  The abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment includes a receiving device 26 and a maintenance center communication device 28 in addition to the components of the abnormality detection system 10 described in the third embodiment.

  The receiving device 26 is a device that receives an electrical signal transmitted by the wireless communication device 25 (FIG. 4) described in the third embodiment.

  The maintenance center 29 manages elevators that are the targets of abnormality detection in the abnormality detection system 10 at remote locations.

  The maintenance center communication device 28 is a device for communicating the maintenance center 29 and the elevator to be managed with each other. The maintenance center communication device 28 can notify the maintenance center 29 that an abnormality has occurred in the counter sheave bearing 8 a received by the receiving device 26.

  Thereby, maintenance work can be performed more efficiently.

[Fifth Embodiment]
The elevator of 5th Embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. 7 and FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic front view schematically showing the configuration of an elevator having the abnormality detection system 10 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 7, the abnormality detection system 10 is shown with a detailed configuration omitted. FIG. 8 is an enlarged front view of a portion VIII in FIG. 7 and shows the configuration of the abnormality detection system 10.

  The present embodiment is a modification of the third embodiment (FIG. 4), and the same or similar parts as those of the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  The abnormality detection system 10 of this embodiment includes a relay device 27 in addition to the components of the abnormality detection system 10 described in the third embodiment.

  The relay device 27 receives the electrical signal transmitted by the wireless communication device 25 (FIG. 4) described in the third embodiment, and transmits the electrical vibration to the control device 1a.

  The control device 1a of the present embodiment is configured to stop the motor for driving the hoisting machine 1 when the electrical signal received via the relay device 27 includes an abnormality in the counter sheave bearing 8a. Has been.

  Thereby, the effect can be obtained similarly to the third embodiment, and the elevator can be operated more safely.

[Other Embodiments]
The description of the above embodiment is an example for explaining the present invention, and does not limit the invention described in the claims. Moreover, each part structure of this invention is not restricted to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible within the technical scope as described in a claim.

  For example, the abnormality detection system 10 of the second to fifth embodiments can also detect an abnormality of the car sheave bearing 8b.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the acceleration sensor is used for the sensor 11, it is not restricted to this. Vibration may be measured by detecting axial strain with a strain gauge. Further, a displacement sensor that measures a small displacement of the sheave may be used.

  The abnormality detection system 10 described in the first embodiment may be provided with the wireless communication device 25 described in the third embodiment. In this case, the information recorded in the recording device 15 may be transmitted to the outside by the wireless communication device 25.

  Further, the abnormality detection system 10 described in the first embodiment includes the wireless communication device 25 (FIG. 4) described in the third embodiment, the receiving device 26 and the maintenance center communication device 28 described in the fourth embodiment. (FIG. 6) may be provided.

  Further, the abnormality detection system 10 described in the first embodiment is provided with the wireless communication device 25 (FIG. 4) described in the third embodiment and the relay device 27 (FIG. 7) described in the fifth embodiment. May be.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Winding machine, 1a ... Control apparatus, 2 ... Main sheave, 3 ... Main rope, 4 ... Hoistway, 4a ... Machine room, 5a ... Counterweight, 5b ... Riding car, 6a ... Counter rail, 6b ... Car rail, 7a ... Counter sheave, 7b ... Car sheave, 8a ... Counter sheave bearing, 8b ... Car sheave bearing, 9a ... First shaft, 9b ... Second shaft, 10 ... Abnormality detection system, 11 ... Sensor, 12 ... Filters, 13 ... AD converters, 15 ... recording devices, 16 ... power generation devices, 17 ... power supply devices, 20 ... signal processing devices, 21 ... warning lights, 25 ... wireless communication devices, 26 ... receiving devices, 27 ... relay devices, 28 ... Maintenance center communication device, 29 ... Maintenance center

Claims (7)

A main rope that is driven by a hoisting machine with a car and counterweight suspended;
Attached to each of the car and the counterweight, each configured to rotate around a shaft extending in a predetermined direction as the main rope is driven, and each provided with a bearing that supports the shaft. With sheave,
In an elevator abnormality detection system for detecting an abnormality of an elevator having
A sensor capable of detecting vibration of the bearing and converting vibration information into an electrical signal;
A filter capable of extracting a predetermined frequency component from the electrical signal detected by the sensor;
A recording apparatus capable of recording the electrical signal extracted by the filter;
A power generation device capable of generating electricity by rotating the sheave;
A power supply device that is supplied with power generated by the power generation device and can supply power to at least the sensor, the filter, and the recording device;
Have
Based on the electrical signal recorded in the recording device, it is configured to be able to determine whether the intensity of vibration of the bearing exceeds a predetermined range,
Elevator abnormality detection system characterized by   The elevator abnormality detection system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is an acceleration sensor.   2. The elevator abnormality detection system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is configured to detect strain of the shaft with a strain gauge so as to be able to collect the vibration intensity information.   The elevator abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sensor is attached to a shaft end portion. Power is supplied from the power supply device and connected to the recording device so that they can communicate with each other. The electrical signal recorded in the recording device at a predetermined timing and before the predetermined timing and abnormal in the bearing A signal processing device configured to be able to compare the electrical signal recorded when there is no
A warning lamp configured to be lit when power is supplied from the power supply device and the electrical signals compared in the signal processing device are different from each other;
The elevator abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: Power is supplied from the power supply device, and has a wireless communication device capable of wirelessly transmitting the electrical signal recorded in the recording device,
The electrical signal transmitted by the wireless communication device is configured to be able to receive the vibration information at a position away from the car by a predetermined distance;
The elevator abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:   The elevator abnormality detection system according to claim 6, wherein the hoisting machine can be stopped based on the electrical signal transmitted by the wireless communication device.

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