JP2012036993A - Tapered roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a tapered roller bearing capable of preventing separation of a tapered roller and a cage from an inner ring without increasing the number of parts and increasing the number of processing steps.
A tapered roller bearing is positioned at the uppermost position in a state where the axis O of the tapered roller bearing is in a horizontal direction and the outer ring 2 is removed and the cage 4 and the plurality of tapered rollers 3 are held by the inner ring 1. When the cage 4 rotates with the inner diameter side end portion P of the large-diameter annular portion 43 of the pocket 41 holding the tapered roller 3 as a fulcrum, the small flange portion 11 has a small diameter of the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion. It is formed so as to be positioned on the movement locus of the side end face 31.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing used for a rotating part in a construction machine, an automobile, a railway vehicle, and other industrial machines.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, tapered roller bearings are used as bearings that rotatably support a rotating mechanism in various drive devices including construction machines. As shown in FIG. 5C, this tapered roller bearing has an outer ring 2 having a conical outer ring raceway surface 2s and a conical inner ring raceway surface 1s, and a small diameter on the small diameter side of the inner ring raceway surface 1s. The inner ring 1 having the flange portion 11 and the large flange portion 12 on the larger diameter side, a plurality of tapered rollers 3 disposed so as to roll between the outer ring raceway surface 2s and the inner ring raceway surface 1s, and the tapered rollers 3 And a retainer 4 that is held at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction.

  The cage of the tapered roller bearing is generally made of metal, and the method of assembling the tapered roller bearing using the metallic cage is to first insert the tapered roller into the pocket 41 of the cage 4 as shown in FIG. 3 is held and incorporated in the inner ring 1. And the method of pushing in this jig | tool 5 using the cage | basket | tool crimping jig | tool 5, and crimping until it becomes the arbitrary pocket clearance gaps which the inner ring | wheel 1, the tapered roller 3, and the holder | retainer 4 do not isolate | separate (a so-called caulking system). Is taken.

  However, since the metal cage is manufactured by plastically deforming a flat plate many times, there are disadvantages in that the number of processing steps is higher, the material cost is higher, and the weight is heavier than that of a resin cage. Therefore, many resin cages are used for tapered roller bearings having an outer diameter of 100 mm or less for automobiles and the like.

  In the method of assembling the tapered roller bearing using the resin cage, the tapered roller 3 is first held in the pocket 41 of the cage 4 which is injection molded so that a predetermined pocket gap remains. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5A, the inner ring 1 is pushed into the cage 4 holding the tapered roller 3 from the larger diameter side to the smaller diameter side of the cage 4, so that the tapered roller 3 temporarily holds the pocket 41. The chamfered portion 34 of the tapered roller 3 gets over the small collar portion 11 of the inner ring 1 and is incorporated into the inner ring 1 (FIG. 5B), so-called press-fitting method is adopted.

  However, the tapered roller bearing assembled by the press-fitting method is easy to separate the cage and the tapered roller from the inner ring, and is particularly problematic for a bearing having a large outer diameter of 200 mm or more used for construction machinery. Normally, when assembling an inner ring holding a cage and a tapered roller to a product (shaft or the like), as shown in FIG. 6A, the conical section O is in a horizontal direction with the outer ring 2 removed. This is done by placing roller bearings. At this time, the resin cage 4 is elastically deformed mainly by the weight of the tapered roller 3, and the gap between the tapered roller 3 and the inner ring raceway surface 1 s disappears in the upper vertical direction, and the upper gap in the vertical direction. The gap widens by the reduced amount, and a large gap T1 is generated between the tapered roller 3 and the small flange portion 11 located at the lowermost part.

  In this situation, when a force from the large collar 12 side to the small collar 11 side is applied below the cage 4 in the vertical direction, the large-diameter annular portion 43 of the pocket 41 that holds the tapered roller 3 positioned at the uppermost portion. The retainer 4 performs a rotational motion with the inner diameter side end portion P as a fulcrum. At this time, the rotational movement of the small-diameter side end face 31 of the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion is centered on the inner diameter-side end portion P of the large-diameter annular portion 43 of the pocket 41 holding the tapered roller 3 positioned at the uppermost portion. The movement locus has a radius from the rotation center to the small-diameter side end face 31 of the lowermost tapered roller 3. In FIG. 6B, the motion locus M of the boundary portion Q between the small diameter end surface 31 and the rolling surface 33 of the lowermost tapered roller 3 is shown.

  Therefore, the tapered roller 3 located at the lowermost part moves in the radial direction at the same time as moving in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the outer peripheral surface 11 a of the small collar portion of the inner ring 1 is inclined with respect to the axis, and when the inclination angle θ is large, the tapered rollers 3 positioned at the lowermost part and the inner ring 1 are small. The tapered roller 3 located at the lowermost part keeps rotating without contacting the flange portion 11, and finally the tapered roller 3 and the cage 4 are separated from the inner ring 1.

  As a countermeasure, in Patent Document 1, a circumferential groove is provided in the small flange portion, and a flange tip formed in the annular portion on the small diameter side of the cage is inserted into the circumferential groove so that the tapered roller cannot move to the small diameter side. Techniques to do this have been proposed. Patent Document 2 proposes a technique in which a stop ring is provided in the small collar portion so that the tapered roller cannot move to the small diameter side.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-016896 JP 2000-304054 A

  In the tapered roller bearings described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, separation of the tapered roller and the cage from the inner ring can be prevented. However, in Patent Document 1, the number of processing steps for providing a circumferential groove in the small collar portion is increased. However, there is a problem that the processing cost is increased and the thickness of the collar portion is reduced, and the strength of the collar portion is reduced. In Patent Document 2, the number of parts is increased and the number of processes when assembling the cage is increased. There was a problem that the processing cost increased.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a tapered roller bearing capable of preventing the tapered roller and the cage from being separated from the inner ring without increasing the number of parts and the number of processing steps.

The above object is achieved by the following configuration.
(1) an outer ring having a conical outer ring raceway surface;
An inner ring having a conical inner ring raceway surface, in which a small collar portion located on the small diameter side of the inner ring raceway surface, and a large collar portion located on the large diameter side;
A plurality of tapered rollers arranged to roll freely between the outer ring raceway surface and the inner ring raceway surface;
A small-diameter annular portion, a large-diameter annular portion, and a plurality of column portions that connect the small-diameter annular portion and the large-diameter annular portion, and are constituted by the small-diameter annular portion, the large-diameter annular portion, and the adjacent pillar portions A tapered roller bearing comprising: a resin cage that holds the tapered rollers at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction by accommodating the tapered rollers in a pocket to be formed;
The tapered roller positioned at the uppermost position in a state where the axis of the tapered roller bearing is in a horizontal direction, and the outer ring is removed and the cage and the plurality of tapered rollers are held by the inner ring. When the cage rotates with the inner diameter side end of the large-diameter annular portion of the pocket that holds the pocket, the small flange portion is the movement locus of the small-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller located at the lowermost part. It is formed so that it may be located on top.
(2) The tapered roller bearing according to (1), characterized in that the tapered roller bearing is used for a reduction gear of a construction machine.
(3) The tapered roller bearing according to (1) or (2), wherein an outer diameter is 200 mm or more.

  According to the tapered roller bearing of the present invention configured as described above, even when the cage rotates in a state where the inner ring is assembled to the cage holding the tapered roller and the outer ring is removed, the tapered roller It is possible to prevent the tapered roller and the cage from being separated from the inner ring by contacting the small diameter side end face with the small flange portion.

It is the elements on larger scale of the tapered roller bearing of 1st Embodiment which assembled | attached the inner ring | wheel to the holder | retainer holding the tapered roller, and has arrange | positioned so that an axial center may become a horizontal direction in the state which removed the outer ring | wheel. It is the elements on larger scale of the tapered roller bearing of 2nd Embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale of the tapered roller bearing of 3rd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing explaining the method to assemble | attach the retainer which hold | maintained the tapered roller to the inner ring | wheel in a tapered roller bearing provided with metal cages. (A) is sectional drawing in the middle of assembling an inner ring | wheel to the holder | retainer holding the tapered roller in the tapered roller bearing provided with a resin cage, (b) is the state which assembled | attached the inner ring | wheel to the holder holding the tapered roller (C) is a cross-sectional view of a state in which an outer ring is further assembled to (b). (A) is a cross-sectional view of a conventional tapered roller bearing in which an inner ring is assembled to a cage holding a tapered roller and the shaft core is disposed in a horizontal direction with the outer ring removed, and (b) is (a) FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a tapered roller bearing of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The tapered roller bearing of the present embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. 5C. First, referring to FIG. 5C, the tapered roller bearing of the present embodiment. A basic configuration will be described. The drawings are to be viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (c), the tapered roller bearing of the present embodiment has an outer ring 2 having a tapered outer ring raceway surface 2s, and a tapered inner ring raceway surface 1s, and the inner ring raceway surface 1s has a small diameter. An inner ring 1 having a small flange portion 11 on the side and a large flange portion 12 on the large diameter side, a plurality of tapered rollers 3 disposed so as to roll between the outer ring raceway surface 2s and the inner ring raceway surface 1s, and a tapered roller. And a retainer 4 that retains 3 at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction.

  The cage 4 is made of resin, and connects the small-diameter annular portion 42, the large-diameter annular portion 43, the small-diameter annular portion 42, and the large-diameter annular portion 43, and is arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A pocket 41 that holds the tapered roller 3 is constituted by the inner surface of the small-diameter annular portion 42, the inner surface of the large-diameter annular portion 43, and the inner surface of the adjacent column portion 44. The tapered rollers 3 are held in the respective pockets 41 so as to freely roll.

  In the tapered roller 3, the small-diameter side end surface 31 and the large-diameter side end surface 32 are arranged concentrically, and the circumferential surface connecting both end surfaces is gradually reduced in diameter as it goes from the large-diameter side end surface 32 side to the small-diameter side end surface 31 side. A rolling surface 33 is formed.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the small flange portion 11 of the inner ring 1 of the present embodiment is provided on the movement locus so as to intersect with the movement locus of the small-diameter side end face 31 of the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion. It has been. As shown in FIG. 6A, the movement locus is such that the axis O of the tapered roller bearing is in the horizontal direction, and the outer ring 2 is removed and the retainer 4 and the plurality of tapered rollers 3 are in the inner ring 1. From the state held by (the phantom line in FIG. 1), the contact between the tapered roller 3 positioned at the top and the inner surface of the pocket, that is, the large-diameter annular portion 43 of the pocket 41 holding the tapered roller 3 positioned at the top. It is a movement locus of the small-diameter side end face 31 of the tapered roller 3 located at the lowermost position when the cage 4 rotates with the inner diameter side end P as a fulcrum (rotation center). This is a motion locus having a radius as a distance to the end surface 31 on the small diameter side of the roller 3. In FIG. 1, the boundary portion Q between the small-diameter side end surface 31 and the rolling surface 33, which is the innermost diameter portion of the small-diameter side end surface 31 among the motion trajectory of the small-diameter side end surface 31 of the tapered roller 3 located at the lowermost part. Shows the motion trajectory M drawn by.

  The first flange portion 11 is inclined at a predetermined angle α1 (0 <α1 <90 °) with respect to the axis O so that the diameter decreases from the large flange portion 12 side toward the distal end of the small flange portion 11. The diameter of the surface 11b and the first inclined surface 11b is further reduced toward the tip of the small flange 11 at a predetermined angle β (0 <β <90 °, where β> α1) with respect to the axis O. The small inclined portion outer peripheral surface 11a is constituted by the inclined second inclined surface 11c, and is set so as to intersect the motion locus M of the boundary portion Q of the tapered roller 3 at a substantially central portion of the first inclined surface 11b. .

  The axial distance of the first inclined surface 11b is longer than the axial distance of the second inclined surface 11c, and the inclination angle β of the second inclined surface 11c is such that the second inclined surface 11c is inside the movement locus M. It is set not to be located.

  Accordingly, when the tapered roller bearing is assembled to the shaft or the like, the outer ring 2 is removed and the tapered roller bearing is disposed so that the shaft core O is in the horizontal direction, and from the side of the large collar portion 12 below the cage 4 in the vertical direction. Even when a force is applied to the side of the small flange 11 and the cage 4 rotates with the inner diameter side end P of the large-diameter annular portion 43 of the pocket 41 holding the tapered roller 3 positioned at the uppermost portion as a fulcrum. Since the first inclined surface 11b of the small flange portion 11 is positioned on the motion trajectory M of the boundary portion Q of the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion, the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion is the first inclined surface 11b. Will be in contact with. Accordingly, the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion is restricted in rotational movement by the first inclined surface 11 b, thereby further restricting movement in the radial direction, and the tapered roller 3 and the cage 4 are separated from the inner ring 1. Is prevented.

  Further, by configuring the outer periphery 11a of the small flange portion with the first inclined surface 11b and the second inclined surface 11c which are inclined so as to reduce the diameter from the large flange portion 12 side toward the distal end of the small flange portion 11. 5A, when the inner ring 1 is pushed from the large diameter side of the retainer 4 toward the small diameter side into the retainer 4 holding the tapered roller 3, the small diameter side end face 31 of the tapered roller 3 is obtained. The boundary portion Q between the rolling surface 33 and the rolling surface 33 overcomes the small flange portion 11 of the inner ring 1 and is easily incorporated into the inner ring 1.

  The shape of the outer surface 11a of the gavel portion according to the present invention is not limited to the case of the first inclined surface 11b and the second inclined surface 11c shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a horizontal plane 11d parallel to the axis O may be used instead of the first inclined surface 11b.

  The small flange portion 11 of this modification is reduced in diameter toward the tip of the small flange portion 11 at a predetermined angle β (0 <β <90 °) with respect to the horizontal plane 11d and the horizontal plane 11d with respect to the axis O. The small outer peripheral surface 11a is constituted by the second inclined surface 11c inclined in the direction. Therefore, also in this modification, when the retainer 4 performs a rotational movement with the inner diameter side end portion P of the large-diameter annular portion 43 of the pocket 41 holding the tapered roller 3 positioned at the uppermost portion, it is positioned at the lowermost portion. Since the horizontal surface 11d of the small flange portion 11 is positioned on the motion trajectory M of the boundary portion Q of the tapered roller 3, the rotational motion of the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion is restricted by the horizontal surface 11d. The cage 4 is prevented from separating.

  Further, according to the present modification, the horizontal surface 11d is used instead of the first inclined surface 11b, so that the dragging after the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost part contacts the small flange portion 11 is suppressed, for example, dragging. Even if this occurs, since further movement in the radial direction is restricted by the horizontal surface 11d, it is possible to prevent the tapered roller 3 and the cage 4 from separating from the inner ring 1 more reliably.

  Further, the shape of the outer peripheral surface 11a of the gavel portion of the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a predetermined angle α2 (0 < It is good also as the 3rd inclined surface 11e which inclines so that it may expand from the large collar part 12 side toward the small collar part 11 front-end | tip at (alpha2 <90 degrees).

  The gavel portion 11 of this modification has a third inclined surface 11e and the given angle β (0 <β <90 °) with respect to the axis O from the third inclined surface 11e. The small inclined portion outer peripheral surface 11a is constituted by the second inclined surface 11c inclined so as to be reduced in diameter toward the tip. Therefore, also in this modification, when the retainer 4 performs a rotational movement with the inner diameter side end portion P of the large-diameter annular portion 43 of the pocket 41 holding the tapered roller 3 positioned at the uppermost portion, it is positioned at the lowermost portion. Since the third inclined surface 11e of the small flange portion 11 is located on the motion trajectory M of the boundary portion Q of the tapered roller 3, the rotational motion of the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion is restricted by the third inclined surface 11e. The tapered roller 3 and the cage 4 are prevented from separating from the inner ring 1.

  Further, according to the present modification, the third inclined surface 11e is used instead of the first inclined surface 11b, so that the dragging after the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost part contacts the small flange portion 11 is ensured. This prevents the tapered roller 3 and the cage 4 from separating from the inner ring 1 more reliably.

  As described above, according to this embodiment and this modification, the axial center O of the tapered roller bearing is in a horizontal orientation, and the outer ring 2 is removed and the retainer 4 and the plurality of tapered rollers 3 are connected to the inner ring. When the retainer 4 performs a rotational motion with the inner diameter side end portion P of the large-diameter annular portion 43 of the pocket 41 holding the tapered roller 3 positioned at the uppermost position in the state held by the upper portion 1 as a fulcrum, the small collar portion 11 Is formed so as to be positioned on the motion trajectory of the small-diameter side end face 31 of the tapered roller 3 positioned at the lowermost portion, so that the cage that holds the tapered roller 3 without increasing the number of parts and without increasing the number of machining steps. Even when the inner ring 1 is assembled to the outer ring 2 and the outer ring 2 is removed, it is possible to prevent the tapered roller 3 and the cage 4 from being separated from the inner ring 1. Furthermore, the present invention is particularly useful for a tapered roller bearing having an outer diameter of 200 mm or more, and is suitably used for a reduction gear of a construction machine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Inner ring 11 Small collar part 12 Large collar part 1s Inner ring raceway surface 2 Outer ring 2s Outer ring raceway surface 3 Tapered roller 31 Small diameter side end surface 32 Large diameter side end surface 33 Rolling surface 4 Cage 41 Pocket 42 Small diameter annular part 43 Large diameter annular part 44 Column M Movement locus O Axle core

Claims (3)

An outer ring having a conical outer ring raceway surface;
An inner ring having a conical inner ring raceway surface, in which a small collar portion located on the small diameter side of the inner ring raceway surface, and a large collar portion located on the large diameter side;
A plurality of tapered rollers arranged to roll freely between the outer ring raceway surface and the inner ring raceway surface;
A small-diameter annular portion, a large-diameter annular portion, and a plurality of column portions that connect the small-diameter annular portion and the large-diameter annular portion, and are constituted by the small-diameter annular portion, the large-diameter annular portion, and the adjacent pillar portions A tapered roller bearing comprising: a resin cage that holds the tapered rollers at predetermined intervals in a circumferential direction by accommodating the tapered rollers in a pocket to be formed;
The tapered roller positioned at the uppermost position in a state where the axis of the tapered roller bearing is in a horizontal direction, and the outer ring is removed and the cage and the plurality of tapered rollers are held by the inner ring. When the cage rotates with the inner diameter side end of the large-diameter annular portion of the pocket that holds the pocket, the small flange portion is the movement locus of the small-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller located at the lowermost part. A tapered roller bearing formed so as to be positioned on the top.   2. The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the tapered roller bearing is used for a reduction gear of a construction machine.   The tapered roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an outer diameter is 200 mm or more.

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