JP2012024389A - Biomeasurement device, biomeasurement method, control program, and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

A living body measuring apparatus capable of detecting the state of a living body with high accuracy is provided.
A symptom detection device includes a cough sound determination unit that acquires body sound data acquired from a living body, and a measurement device control unit that acquires a measurement value of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation acquired from the living body. 4 and a symptom detection unit 6 for detecting the state of the living body based on the body sound data and the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a biometric apparatus that detects a state of a living body.

  Conventionally, cough symptoms have been diagnosed based on patient self-reports and have not been evaluated objectively.

  Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a detection device that detects sound from a throat of a subject using a microphone and analyzes a frequency band included in the detected sound to accurately evaluate cough. Proposed.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a cough detection device that detects a subject's voice with a microphone, detects a subject's body movement with an accelerometer, and detects cough based on the voice and body movement. .

JP 2009-233103 A (released on October 15, 2009) International Publication No. 2007/040022 (April 12, 2007)

  However, in the invention of Patent Document 1, since the determination of whether or not the subject coughs is based only on the cough sound produced by the subject, the determination accuracy is low.

  On the other hand, in the invention of Patent Document 2, the determination of whether or not the subject coughed is based on the cough sound produced by the subject and the body movement of the subject. Therefore, the determination accuracy (in other words, cough detection accuracy) is not necessarily high.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a biometric apparatus that can accurately detect the state of a living body (for example, a subject).

  In order to solve the above problems, the biological measurement apparatus according to the present invention includes a biological sound parameter acquisition unit that acquires biological sound parameters based on biological sound signal information acquired from a biological body, and the biological sound signal information or the biological body. A biological parameter acquisition means for acquiring a biological parameter different from the biological sound parameter based on other biological signal information acquired from the detection, and a detection for detecting the state of the biological body based on the biological sound parameter and the biological parameter And a means.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a biological measurement method according to the present invention is a biological measurement method in a biological measurement apparatus that measures the state of a biological body, and a biological sound parameter based on biological sound signal information acquired from the biological body is obtained. A biological sound parameter acquisition step to acquire, a biological parameter acquisition step to acquire a biological parameter different from the biological sound parameter based on the biological sound signal information or other biological signal information acquired from the biological body, and the biological sound And a detection step of detecting the state of the living body based on the parameter and the biological parameter.

  According to said structure, a detection means detects the state of a biological body based on the biological sound parameter which the biological sound parameter acquisition means acquired, and the biological parameter which the biological parameter acquisition means acquired.

  The body sound parameter is a parameter obtained from body sound signal information (for example, cough sound) acquired from a living body. The biological parameter is a parameter different from the biological sound parameter, and is another parameter obtained from biological sound signal information of the biological body or other biological signal information of the biological body.

  As described above, the living body measuring apparatus according to the present invention detects the state of the living body using other living body parameters in addition to the body sound parameter, and thus can improve the accuracy of detecting the state of the living body.

  The biological parameter preferably reflects the physiological state of the living body.

  With the above configuration, since the state of the living body is detected using the biological parameter reflecting the physiological state of the living body in addition to the biological sound parameter, it is possible to improve the accuracy of detecting the state of the living body.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection means detects the state of a biological body based on the said biological sound parameter and the temporal change of the said biological parameter.

  With the above configuration, it is possible to detect a change in the state of the living body over time.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection means detects the state of a biological body based on the change of the said biological parameter in the predetermined period on the basis of the time of the said biological sound parameter changing.

  According to said structure, the state of a biological body is detected based on whether the biological parameter changed within the predetermined period from the time of the biological sound parameter changing.

  Therefore, even when there is a time lag between the change of the biological sound parameter and the change of the biological parameter, a change in the state of the living body can be detected with high accuracy.

  In addition, when the biological sound signal information matches a predetermined condition, it is preferable that the biological parameter acquisition unit acquires the biological parameter, and the detection unit detects the state of the biological body.

  According to the above configuration, since the biological parameter is acquired when the biological sound signal information matches a predetermined condition, power consumption can be saved as compared with the configuration in which the biological parameter is continuously acquired.

  The biological parameter acquisition means preferably acquires at least a percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation as the biological parameter.

  The detection means may detect the state of coughing caused by the living body.

  According to the above configuration, at least the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is acquired as a biological parameter, and the state of coughing in the living body is detected based on the biological sound parameter and at least the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation.

  The sound emitted by the living body (or the sound around the living body) may include sounds other than cough, and just because a sound is generated cannot be said to be a coughing sound.

  On the other hand, if you cough, you cannot breathe during that time, so there is a high possibility that the oxygen saturation of arterial blood will decrease. Therefore, the cough in the living body can be detected with high accuracy by detecting both the sound emitted from the living body and the change in the arterial blood oxygen saturation.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection means also detects the severity of this cough as an occurrence state of the said cough.

  According to the above configuration, since the severity of the cough is detected in addition to the detection of whether or not cough has occurred, the state of the living body can be more accurately indicated.

  Further, the detection means includes a statistical value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in a predetermined period with respect to a change time of the body sound parameter, and a percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation when a predetermined time has elapsed from the change time. It is preferable to detect the state of coughing based on the result of comparison with the degree.

  Since percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation changes from time to time even in the same living body, when percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is used for cough detection, coughing occurs at a time point near the time of coughing. It is preferable to obtain the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in the absence of the condition.

  According to the above configuration, the statistical value of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation in a predetermined period with respect to the change point of the body sound parameter (for example, measured between the detection of the cough sound and the elapse of the predetermined time) The change of the biological parameter is detected by comparing the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation value) and the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation at the time when a predetermined time has elapsed from the change point of the biological sound parameter. .

  Therefore, the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation without coughing is calculated as the above statistical value, and the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation changed by coughing is calculated after a predetermined time. Can be obtained as a degree. By comparing the two, changes in percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation associated with cough can be detected more accurately.

  Further, the statistical value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in a predetermined period based on the change time of the biological sound parameter is an average value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation for at least 20 seconds from the change time. It is preferable.

  By averaging the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation for at least 20 seconds, it is possible to reduce the influence of changes in percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation and measurement errors in the state of not coughing.

  Further, the detection means detects a coughing state based on a rate of change of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation 20 seconds after the change time with respect to the average value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation. Is preferred.

  It takes about 20 seconds for the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation to change (decrease) after coughing. Therefore, the average value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in the state of not coughing and the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation 20 seconds after the change of the body sound parameter are obtained, and the latter change with respect to the former By obtaining the rate, a change in percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation as a biological parameter can be detected with high accuracy.

  In addition, cough sound estimation means for estimating the occurrence of cough sound based on the biological sound signal information, the biological parameter acquisition means, only when the cough sound estimation means has estimated the occurrence of the cough sound, It is preferable to obtain the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation.

  According to the above configuration, the cough sound estimating means acquires the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation only when the cough sound is estimated to be generated, and therefore continuously acquires the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation. Can save more power.

  Further, it is preferable to include a communication unit that communicates with at least the biological sound sensor among the biological sound sensor that acquires the biological sound signal information from the biological body and the biological sensor that acquires the biological signal information from the biological body. .

  According to said structure, a communication part communicates with a biological sound sensor at least among a biological sound sensor and a biological sensor. Therefore, biological (sound) signal information can be acquired by communication from the biological sound sensor or the biological sensor.

  Further, a biological measurement device built in a biological sound sensor that acquires the biological sound signal information from the biological body is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  Also included in the technical scope of the present invention are a control program for causing a computer to function as each means of the biometric apparatus and a computer-readable recording medium recording the control program.

  As described above, the biological measurement apparatus according to the present invention is obtained from the biological sound parameter acquisition unit that acquires biological sound parameters based on the biological sound signal information acquired from the biological body, and the biological sound signal information or the biological body. Biological parameter acquisition means for acquiring a biological parameter different from the biological sound parameter based on other biological signal information, and detection means for detecting the state of the biological body based on the biological sound parameter and the biological parameter. It is the composition which is.

  The biological measurement method according to the present invention includes a biological sound parameter acquisition step for acquiring a biological sound parameter based on biological sound signal information acquired from a biological body, and the biological sound signal information or another biological body acquired from the biological body. A biological parameter acquisition step for acquiring a biological parameter different from the biological sound parameter based on the signal information; and a detection step for detecting the state of the biological body based on the biological sound parameter and the biological parameter. .

  Therefore, there is an effect that the accuracy of detecting the state of the living body can be improved.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the symptom detection apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of an acoustic sensor. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of a process in the said symptom detection apparatus. It is a figure which shows the experimental result in one Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the experimental result in another Example of this invention. It is the figure which showed the experimental result shown in FIG. 5 as a graph.

  The following describes one embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, a symptom detection device 40 that detects cough symptoms will be described as an example of the biometric device of the present invention. In addition, this invention is not limited to the symptom detection apparatus which detects the symptom of a cough, You may implement | achieve as other detection apparatuses which detect a test subject's state, such as the symptom detection apparatus which detects sneezing.

  In the following description, a human (subject) is assumed as a measurement target of the symptom detection device 40, but the biometric measurement device of the present invention may be an animal other than a human (for example, a dog). That is, it can be expressed that the measurement target of the biometric apparatus of the present invention is a living body.

(Configuration of symptom detection device 40)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the symptom detection device 40. As shown in the figure, the symptom detection device 40 includes an analysis device (biological measurement device) 1, an acoustic sensor (biological sound sensor) 20, and a pulse oximeter (biological sensor) 30.

<Acoustic sensor 20>
The acoustic sensor 20 is a close-contact type microphone that is attached to a subject's chest and the like and detects cough sounds generated by the subject. As the acoustic sensor 20, for example, a contact microphone described in JP 2009-233103 A can be used. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the acoustic sensor 20. As shown in the figure, the acoustic sensor 20 is a so-called condenser microphone type sound collecting unit, and has a cylindrical shape with a housing portion 21 having one end surface opened and a housing portion so as to close the opening surface of the housing portion 21. A diaphragm 23 in close contact with the body 21 is provided. The acoustic sensor 20 includes a substrate 28 on which the first conversion unit 25 and the second conversion unit 27 are mounted, and a battery unit 29 that supplies power to the first conversion unit 25 and the second conversion unit 27.

  An adhesive layer 24 is provided on the surface of the diaphragm 23, and the acoustic sensor 20 is attached to the body surface (H) of the subject by the adhesive layer 24. The mounting position of the acoustic sensor 20 is, for example, below the chest or throat, and may be a location where cough sounds can be effectively picked up.

  When the patient emits a body sound by performing coughing, breathing, swallowing, or the like, the diaphragm 23 minutely vibrates in accordance with the wavelength of the body sound. The minute vibrations of the diaphragm 23 are propagated to the first converter 25 through the conical air chamber wall 26 whose upper and lower surfaces are opened.

  The vibration transmitted through the air chamber wall 26 is converted into an electric signal by the first conversion unit 25, converted into a digital signal by the second conversion unit 27, and transmitted to the cough sound determination unit 3 of the analyzer 1. The

  In this way, the body sound detected by the acoustic sensor 20 is output to the cough sound determination unit 3 of the analysis apparatus 1 as body sound data (body sound signal information). The acoustic sensor 20 may output biological sound data to the analysis device 1 only when a biological sound with a predetermined volume or higher is detected, or may always output biological sound data. However, since the acoustic sensor 20 is driven by the power of the battery unit 29, in order to save power consumption and lengthen the driving time, the biological sound data is detected only when a biological sound having a predetermined volume or higher is detected. Is preferably output to the analysis apparatus 1.

  In addition, a timer may be built in the acoustic sensor 20, and information indicating the time when the biological sound data is obtained may be included in the biological sound data.

  The acoustic sensor 20 and the analysis device 1 may be connected so as to be communicable, may be connected by wire, or may be connected wirelessly. Further, the analysis device 1 may be built in the acoustic sensor 20.

<Pulse oximeter 30>
The pulse oximeter 30 is a measuring device that measures a subject's percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation at predetermined time intervals. This percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is arterial oxygen saturation measured percutaneously and is one of the physiological indices of the subject that may change when the subject coughs.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pulse oximeter 30 includes a sensor unit 31 and a main body 32, and the main body 32 includes a display unit 33 and a main control unit 34.

  The sensor unit 31 includes a red LED 31a that emits red light, an infrared light LED 31b that emits infrared light, and a light receiving sensor 31c that receives transmitted light generated as a result of the emitted light from these LEDs passing through the fingertip of the subject. I have.

  The main control unit 34 controls the sensor unit 31 in accordance with a command from the analysis apparatus 1 and calculates the arterial oxygen saturation from the ratio of the fluctuation component of the transmitted light amount of red light and infrared light received by the light receiving sensor 31c. The calculated percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is displayed on the display unit 33 (for example, a liquid crystal display) and output as measurement data to the measurement device control unit 4 of the analysis device 1. In the measurement data, the measured value of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation is associated with the time when the measured value is obtained.

  The pulse oximeter 30 starts measurement of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation when the cough sound determination unit 3 of the analysis apparatus 1 determines that the body sound data includes a cough sound. The pulse oximeter 30 may be constantly measured, but when driven by a battery built in the pulse oximeter 30, a measurement start command is issued from the analyzer 1 in order to save power consumption and lengthen the driving time. It is preferable to measure only when received.

  The pulse oximeter 30 and the analyzer 1 may be connected so as to be communicable, may be connected by wire, or may be connected wirelessly. The analysis device 1 may be built in the pulse oximeter 30.

<Analyzer 1>
The analysis device 1 detects the cough of the subject using the biological sound data generated by the acoustic sensor 20 and the measurement data (biological parameter) of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation generated by the pulse oximeter 30. Specifically, the analysis device 1 detects the presence or absence of cough based on the change in the arterial blood oxygen saturation of the subject measured by the pulse oximeter 30 when the acoustic sensor 20 detects the coughing sound of the subject. .

  The biological sound parameter is a general term for information related to the sound emitted by the subject, and may include information such as volume, change in volume over time, and sound frequency. More specifically, the body sound parameter is information on the sound emitted by the subject obtained by the acoustic sensor 20 attached to the subject or the acoustic sensor 20 arranged around the subject.

  Hereinafter, information obtained by analyzing a biological sound (biological sound signal information) included in audio data output from the acoustic sensor 20 will be described as a biological sound parameter.

  The biological parameter is a parameter different from the biological sound parameter, and is a parameter reflecting the physiological state of the subject. In this embodiment, the biological parameter is percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation.

  The biological parameter may be based on biological sound signal information, for example, an index of heart disease obtained by analyzing heart sound or an index indicating the degree of respiration obtained by analyzing respiratory sound. .

  In the present embodiment, as described above, the pulse oximeter 30 calculates the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation based on the received light amount (biological signal information), and the calculated percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is the analysis device. 1 is output. Therefore, the analysis apparatus 1 does not directly analyze the biological signal information, and acquires biological parameters from the pulse oximeter 30.

  When using a biological parameter other than percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation, the biological parameter may be acquired by analyzing biological signal information. For example, you may acquire the biological parameter regarding respiration by analyzing the airflow (biological signal information) in a mouth or a nose.

  The analysis device 1 includes a main control unit 2, a storage unit 7, an operation unit 8, and a display unit 9. The main control unit 2 includes a cough sound determination unit (a body sound parameter acquisition unit, a cough sound estimation unit) 3, A measurement device control unit (biological parameter acquisition unit) 4, a statistical processing unit 5, and a symptom detection unit (detection unit) 6 are provided.

<Cough sound determination unit 3>
The cough sound determination unit 3 acquires the body sound data output from the acoustic sensor 20, and estimates the occurrence of the cough sound based on the body sound data. That is, the cough sound determination unit 3 determines whether or not cough sounds are included in the body sound data. In this case, it can be considered that the body sound parameter regarding the cough sound is acquired by analyzing the body sound data.

  A known method may be used as a method for determining whether the body sound data includes a cough sound. For example, the presence / absence of a coughing sound may be determined using the rising slope of the sound signal and the time width of the sound signal change as characteristics of the coughing sound, or a plurality of band signals may be extracted from the audio data as described in Patent Document 1. Then, the presence or absence of coughing sound may be determined from the correspondence relationship of the extracted band signals.

  Also, the cough sound determination unit 3 refers to a timer (not shown) that can be used by itself, the time when the body sound data is acquired (or the time when the acoustic sensor 20 detects the body sound), and the body sound data. Are stored in the storage unit 7 in association with each other.

<Measurement device control unit 4>
When the cough sound determination unit 3 determines that the cough sound is included in the body sound data, the measurement device control unit 4 outputs a measurement start command to the main control unit 34 of the pulse oximeter 30. Upon receiving this measurement start command, the pulse oximeter 30 measures the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation, and when the measurement data is output, the measurement device control unit 4 acquires the measurement data, and the statistical processing unit 5 Output to. The measurement start command may order to measure the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation for a predetermined time (for example, 20 seconds), or a measurement end command may be output separately from the measurement start command. Good.

  Note that the measurement device controller 4 causes the pulse oximeter 30 to start measurement when any body sound is detected without determining whether the body sound included in the body sound data includes a cough sound. May be. That is, the measurement device control unit 4 determines the measurement data (that is, percutaneous arterial blood oxygen) of the pulse oximeter 30 when the body sound included in the body sound data matches a predetermined condition (for example, a predetermined volume or higher). (Measurement value of saturation) may be acquired.

<Statistical processing unit 5>
The statistical processing unit 5 statistically processes the measured values of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation obtained in time series. For example, the statistical processing unit 5 may calculate a statistical value (for example, an average value) of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation in a predetermined period based on a time point when the body sound is detected by the acoustic sensor 20 (a time point when the body sound parameter changes). Median).

  More specifically, the statistical value is an average value of percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation over a period set with reference to a time point when a body sound is detected by the acoustic sensor 20 and a period of about 20 seconds. For example, the statistical value is an average value of percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation for 20 seconds from the time when the body sound is detected by the acoustic sensor 20.

  Percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is not always constant in the same subject and can change from time to time. Further, it is considered that the measured percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation includes a measurement error.

  Therefore, by setting a measurement period of about 20 seconds on the basis of the time point when the acoustic sensor 20 detects the body sound, by statistically processing the measured value of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation obtained within the measurement period, The percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in a state where the subject is not coughing can be calculated more accurately.

  Since there is a time lag of about 20 seconds from when the subject coughs until the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation actually changes, the average percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation for 20 seconds from the time when the body sound is detected Even when the value is calculated, the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation before the subject coughs can be calculated.

  However, if the measurement period of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is too long, the average value may also include the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation that has decreased due to the influence of cough. This problem is likely to occur especially when the coughing interval is short. Therefore, the measurement period of percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is preferably about 10 to 30 seconds.

  In a configuration in which the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is always measured, the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation at a time before the time when the body sound is detected may be used for calculating the statistical value. For example, the average value of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation for 10 seconds before and after the time when the body sound is detected may be calculated.

<Symptom detection unit 6>
The symptom detection unit 6 detects the coughing state and the cough severity by the subject by comparing the statistical value calculated by the statistical processing unit 5 with the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation at a predetermined time point.

  Specifically, the symptom detection unit 6 detects the cough of the subject based on a change in the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation in a predetermined period based on the time point when the acoustic sensor 20 detects the body sound. More specifically, the symptom detection unit 6 has a percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation 20 seconds after the time when the acoustic sensor 20 detects a body sound, and a percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation 20 seconds after the time. The state of coughing is detected based on the reduction rate (change rate) with respect to the average value.

  When breathing becomes insufficient due to coughing, the oxygen saturation taken into the body decreases, and as a result, the oxygen saturation in arterial blood decreases. It takes about 20 seconds from the cough to the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation to decrease. Therefore, the statistical value (average value) of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in the state of not coughing and the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation 20 seconds after the body sound was detected, The change (decrease) in percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation can be detected with high accuracy by obtaining the latter decrease rate with respect to the former.

  The symptom detection unit 6 determines the state of cough on the basis of a comparison result between the statistical value and the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation at the time when the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is estimated to decrease due to the cough. The timing of 20 seconds later is merely an example.

  The measured value of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation to be compared with the above statistical value is a statistical processing of a plurality of measured values of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation for a predetermined period based on the time when a body sound is detected. It may be a value. For example, the symptom detection unit 6 has a plurality of percutaneous images acquired in 5 seconds between the time when 20 seconds have elapsed from the time when the body sound is detected and the time when 25 seconds have elapsed from the time when the body sound is detected. A statistical value (for example, an average value) of the arterial blood oxygen saturation is calculated, the statistical value for 20 seconds (a value before the influence of cough appears), and the statistical value for the 5 seconds (after the influence of cough appears) The change in percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation may be detected by comparing the

  The detection means of the present invention may be any means that detects the condition of the subject based on the body sound parameter (or its change over time) and the body parameter (or its change over time), and detects cough. It is not limited to.

<Storage unit 7>
The storage unit 7 records (1) a control program for each unit, (2) an OS program, (3) an application program, and (4) various data to be read when these programs are executed. Is. The storage unit 7 is configured by a nonvolatile storage device such as a hard disk or a flash memory.

  In addition, in order to save the body sound data and the measurement data, a removable storage device may be provided in the analysis device 1.

<Operation unit 8>
The operation unit 8 is an input device for inputting various set values or inputting various commands to the analysis apparatus 1, and is, for example, an input button or a changeover switch.

<Display unit 9>
The display unit 9 displays setting information or analysis results of the analysis apparatus 1 and is, for example, a liquid crystal display.

(Processing flow in symptom detection device 40)
Next, an example of the flow of processing (biological measurement method) in the symptom detection apparatus 40 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process flow in the symptom detection apparatus 40.

  First, the acoustic sensor 20 attached to the subject's chest continuously monitors the body sound (S1), and when a body sound with a predetermined volume or higher is detected (YES in S2), the body including the body sound is detected. The sound data is output to the cough sound determination unit 3 of the analysis device 1.

  Upon receiving the body sound data (body sound parameter acquisition step), the cough sound determination unit 3 records the body sound detection time, which is the time when the body sound data is received, in the storage unit 7 and also the body sound data. It is determined whether or not cough is included (S3).

  When cough sound determination unit 3 determines that cough sound is included in the body sound data (YES in S3), measurement device control unit 4 starts measurement with respect to main control unit 34 of pulse oximeter 30. Output instructions.

When the main control unit 34 receives this measurement start command, the main control unit 34 causes the sensor unit 31 to measure the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO ₂ ) for a predetermined period (for example, 20 seconds). The measurement data including the measurement value of the arterial blood oxygen saturation and the time when the measurement value is obtained are sequentially output to the measurement device controller 4 of the analysis device 1 (S4). Note that the pulse oximeter 30 may collectively transmit the measurement values obtained in a predetermined measurement period to the analysis device 1.

  On the other hand, when the cough sound determination unit 3 determines that the cough sound is not included in the body sound data (NO in S3), the body sound monitoring is continued (return to S1).

  After the pulse oximeter 30 starts measuring the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation, the measuring device control unit 4 receives the measured value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (biological parameter acquisition step), The data is sequentially stored in the storage unit 7.

  The statistical processing unit 5 calculates an average value of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation measured over 20 seconds from the body sound detection time recorded in the storage unit 7, and sends the average value to the symptom detection unit 6. Output (S5).

  The symptom detection unit 6 obtains a measurement value of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation 20 seconds after the body sound detection time from the storage unit 7 and calculates the rate of decrease of the measurement value with respect to the average value calculated by the statistical processing unit 5. Calculate (S6).

  If symptom detection unit 6 determines that the rate of decrease is 0.1% or more (YES in S7), it determines that severe cough has occurred, and displays the determination result on display unit 9 and stores it. Store in the unit 7 (S8) (detection step).

  On the other hand, if symptom detection unit 6 determines that the rate of decrease is less than 0.1% (NO in S7), it determines that a mild cough has occurred, and displays the determination result on display unit 9. At the same time, it is stored in the storage unit 7 (S9).

  The determination result stored in the storage unit 7 can be confirmed again by the subject and then transmitted to another device. Further, the determination result may be stored in a removable storage device (memory). In this case, the determination result can be used in the device by mounting the storage device on another device.

(Example of change)
The analysis device 1 does not need to be always connected to the pulse oximeter 30 and the acoustic sensor 20, and the measurement data of the pulse oximeter 30 and the biological sound data of the acoustic sensor 20 are different from the pulse oximeter 30 and the acoustic sensor 20. Measurement data and biological sound data may be output from the information storage device to the analysis device 1 and stored in the information storage device. This configuration may be used when the analysis apparatus 1 is realized using a personal computer. The information storage device may be a storage device (for example, a hard disk) provided in another personal computer, or a storage device (memory that can be attached to and detached from the pulse oximeter 30 and / or the acoustic sensor 20. ). The analysis device 1 may include a communication unit for receiving biological sound data and measurement data from other information storage devices. This communication unit performs communication via a communication network such as the Internet or a LAN (local area network).

  Thus, when acquiring body sound data and measurement data from another information storage device, in the measurement data, a plurality of measured values of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation and the time at which each measured value was obtained. It is preferable that it is matched. The biological sound data preferably includes information indicating the time when the biological sound data is obtained.

  Since the information on the time at which the measurement data and the voice data were obtained in this way is included in the data, the time at which the cough occurred and the change over time in the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation are compared to the measurement time. This can be compared later, eliminating the need to determine in real time whether cough has occurred.

  Further, when the analysis device 1 does not determine whether the body sound includes a cough sound, it is not always necessary to acquire the sound data of the body sound from the acoustic sensor 20, and indicates that the body sound is detected. The biological sound detection information may be acquired from the acoustic sensor 20. The body sound detection information may include information on the time when the body sound is detected, or when the analysis device 1 receives the body sound detection information, the time at that time is associated with the body sound detection information. May be stored in the storage unit 7. In this case, the body sound detection information can be regarded as a body sound parameter.

  Further, the body sound detected by the acoustic sensor 20 is not limited to a cough sound, and may be a sound accompanying sneezing. Even when sneezing, arterial oxygen saturation may decrease, so sneezing can be detected in the same manner as coughing.

  In addition to coughing and sneezing, other symptoms accompanied by sound such as asthma may be detected.

Example 1
Next, an example in which a subject's cough was actually detected will be described.

  The acoustic sensor 20 is attached to the subject's chest to continuously sense the body sound, and the PULSOX-300i manufactured by Konica Minolta Sensing is attached to the arm as the pulse oximeter 30 for measuring the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation. The sensor part was attached to the fingertip.

  A cough sound was detected from the sound detected by the acoustic sensor 20 by a specific algorithm, and at the same time, measurement of percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation was continuously performed. Then, the average value for 15 seconds (15-second average value) is calculated from the time t (second) when the acoustic sensor 20 detects the body sound, and the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (t + 20 (second) with respect to the average value ( The change rate of the real time value was calculated. This rate of change is indicated by the following equation (1).

(Change rate) = (Real time value) / (Average value for 15 seconds) −1.0 (1)
When the rate of change is a positive value, it means an increase rate, and when it is a negative value, it indicates a decrease rate.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing experimental results of Example 1. As shown in the figure, a coughing sound is detected at a time point of t = 5 to 9, and after 20 seconds (t = 25 to 29), a decrease in percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation from an average value of 15 seconds. It was seen. Since the decrease rate was 0.1% or more, it was determined that the cough was severe.

  Actually, cough occurred at the time t = 5 to 9, and it was confirmed that the generated cough was reliably detected.

  In addition, although it was determined that a coughing sound was generated at t = 13, 14, since the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation did not decrease at t = 33, it was determined that the cough was mild.

  However, in practice, no cough is detected at the time t = 13,14. This is considered to be caused by an erroneous determination by the cough detection algorithm. That is, it is considered that the noise picked up by the acoustic sensor 20 is determined to be a cough sound.

  Even in this case, since t = 33 20 seconds after t = 13 and t = 34 20 seconds after t = 14, the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation does not decrease, It is not judged and it is limited to the judgment of mild cough. From this result, it was clarified that the accuracy of cough detection is higher when the change in percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation is considered together rather than relying solely on the cough sound detection algorithm.

  As described above, since mild cough may include a case where noise is detected, it is determined that cough has occurred only when percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is decreased by 0.1% or more. Also good. According to such an algorithm, it is determined that the sound at t = 13, 14 is not due to cough.

(Example 2)
Next, experimental results when the average value of percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation is not the average value for 15 seconds but the average value for 20 seconds will be described using the same measurement data as in Example 1. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing experimental results of Example 2. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, even when the average value of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation for 20 seconds is calculated, the final determination result is the same as in Example 1, but the average value for 20 seconds is By taking it, the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in the state of not coughing can be calculated with less variation. In particular, when detecting a cough in a subject whose arterial oxygen saturation is severely changed, or when the measurement accuracy of the pulse oximeter 30 is low, it is preferable to take an average value of 20 seconds or more.

(Effect of symptom detection device 40)
As described above, the symptom detection device 40 is based on the body sound data output from the acoustic sensor 20 and the measurement data of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation output from the pulse oximeter 30. Determine the presence (and severity of cough). Percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation is a physiological indicator of a subject that may change depending on the subject's symptom (ie cough).

  That is, in the symptom detection device 40, when detecting a symptom, it is possible to change according to the symptom instead of using only information (biological sound parameter) regarding a sound (for example, cough sound) generated by the symptom. It detects both changes in other physiological biological parameters that are sexual (eg, percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation).

  With this configuration, the detection accuracy of the symptom can be improved as compared with the case where only the body sound parameter that directly reflects the symptom is used.

  In addition, since the symptom detection device 40 uses the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation which can be quantitatively analyzed as the second parameter, the cough gradually increases in accordance with the rate of change of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation. The severity of can be determined. Therefore, it is possible to provide medically useful information such as the severity of cough, which cannot be obtained simply by determining whether or not cough has occurred, and to support diagnosis, treatment, etc. by a doctor more strongly.

  In addition, since the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation measurement is performed only when the acoustic sensor 20 detects a sound that may cause coughing, the power consumption is low and the system is suitable for mobile use.

  In the invention of Patent Document 2, whether or not the subject has coughed is determined based on the cough sound produced by the subject and the body motion of the subject. Absent. Since the subject frequently moves even when not coughing, cough detection may not be so high by detecting cough based on the body movement of the subject.

(Other changes)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims, and embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments. Is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  Moreover, each block of the symptom detection apparatus 40 mentioned above, especially the main control part 2 of the analysis apparatus 1 may be comprised by hardware logic, and may be implement | achieved by software using CPU as follows.

  That is, the symptom detection device 40 includes a central processing unit (CPU) that executes instructions of a control program that realizes each function, a read only memory (ROM) that stores the program, and a random access memory (RAM) that expands the program. And a storage device (recording medium) such as a memory for storing the program and various data. The object of the present invention is to enable the computer to read the program code (execution format program, intermediate code program, source program) of the control program (symptom detection program) of the symptom detection device 40, which is software that implements the functions described above. This can also be achieved by supplying the recorded recording medium to the symptom detection apparatus 40 and reading and executing the program code recorded on the recording medium by the computer (or CPU or MPU).

  Examples of the recording medium include a tape system such as a magnetic tape and a cassette tape, a magnetic disk such as a floppy (registered trademark) disk / hard disk, and an optical disk such as a CD-ROM / MO / MD / DVD / CD-R. Card system such as IC card, IC card (including memory card) / optical card, or semiconductor memory system such as mask ROM / EPROM / EEPROM / flash ROM.

  Further, the symptom detection device 40 may be configured to be connectable to a communication network, and the program code may be supplied via the communication network. The communication network is not particularly limited. For example, the Internet, intranet, extranet, LAN, ISDN, VAN, CATV communication network, virtual private network, telephone line network, mobile communication network, satellite communication. A net or the like is available. Further, the transmission medium constituting the communication network is not particularly limited. For example, even in the case of wired such as IEEE 1394, USB, power line carrier, cable TV line, telephone line, ADSL line, etc., infrared rays such as IrDA and remote control, Bluetooth ( (Registered trademark), 802.11 wireless, HDR (high data rate), mobile phone network, satellite line, terrestrial digital network, and the like can also be used. The present invention can also be realized in the form of a computer data signal embedded in a carrier wave in which the program code is embodied by electronic transmission.

  The present invention can also be expressed as follows.

  That is, the present invention is a cough detection sensor that detects cough from both sound data detected by an acoustic sensor and data on changes in percutaneous arterial blood oxygen concentration.

  The cough detection sensor preferably detects a change from the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen concentration average value of 20 seconds or more.

  The cough detection sensor preferably detects cough detection from the correlation between the value of the acoustic sensor and the average value of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen concentration over 20 seconds after 20 seconds.

  The cough detection sensor preferably measures the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen concentration only when the sound sensor detects a sound estimated to be cough.

  The present invention can also be expressed as a detection device that detects the state of a subject from a plurality of parameters including sound data.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection apparatus detects the said test subject's state from the change of the said parameter for the arbitrary periods.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection apparatus detects the state of the said test subject from the correlation of the said parameter.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection apparatus measures the said parameter and detects a test subject's state, when the said sound data corresponds to arbitrary conditions.

  The parameter preferably includes a percutaneous arterial blood oxygen concentration.

  The subject's condition is cough.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection apparatus detects a cough from the change from the said percutaneous arterial blood oxygen concentration average value for 20 seconds or more.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection apparatus detects a cough from the correlation with the said sound data and the average value of the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen concentration for 20 seconds or more after 20 seconds.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said detection apparatus measures the said percutaneous arterial blood oxygen concentration only when the sound estimated as cough is detected from the said sound data.

  The parameter is preferably data detected by one or more sensors including a sound sensor.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said sound sensor is mounted | worn at the arbitrary positions of a human body according to the test subject's state to detect.

  The present invention can detect a subject's condition with high accuracy, and thus can be applied to a patient monitoring apparatus in a medical institution or a health device for self-diagnosis at home.

1 Analysis device (biological measurement device)
3 Cough sound determination unit (cough sound estimation means, biological sound parameter acquisition means)
4. Measurement device control unit (biological parameter acquisition means)
6 Symptom detection unit (detection means)
20 Acoustic sensor (biological sound sensor)
30 Pulse oximeter (biological sensor)
31 Sensor unit (biological sensor)
40 Symptom detection device (biological measurement device)

Claims (17)

Biological sound parameter acquisition means for acquiring biological sound parameters based on biological sound signal information acquired from the biological body;
Biological parameter acquisition means for acquiring a biological parameter different from the biological sound parameter based on the biological sound signal information or other biological signal information acquired from the biological body;
A biological measurement apparatus comprising: a detection unit configured to detect the state of the biological body based on the biological sound parameter and the biological parameter.   The biometric apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the biological parameter reflects a physiological state of the living body. The detecting means is
The living body measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the living body state is detected based on the biological sound parameter and a change with time of the living body parameter. The detecting means is
The living body measurement apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a state of the living body is detected based on a change in the living body parameter in a predetermined period based on a time point when the living body sound parameter is changed. When the biological sound signal information matches a predetermined condition,
The biological parameter acquisition means acquires the biological parameter,
The biometric apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the detecting means detects the state of the living body.   The biometric apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the biometric parameter acquisition unit acquires at least a percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation as the biometric parameter. The detecting means is
The biometric apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the state of coughing by the living body is detected.   8. The biometric apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the detecting means detects the severity of the cough as the coughing state. The detecting means is
Based on a comparison result between the statistical value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in a predetermined period based on the change time of the body sound parameter and the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation at the time when a predetermined time has elapsed from the change The biometric apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the state of coughing is detected.   The statistical value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation in a predetermined period based on the change time of the body sound parameter is an average value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation for at least 20 seconds from the change time. The biometric apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the biometric apparatus is characterized. The detecting means is
11. The state of coughing is detected based on a rate of change of percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation 20 seconds after the change time point with respect to an average value of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation. The biometric apparatus described in 1. Cough sound estimation means for estimating the occurrence of cough sound based on the biological sound signal information,
The biological parameter acquisition means includes
The living body according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the cough sound estimation means acquires the percutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation only when the occurrence of the cough sound is estimated. measuring device.   Of the biological sound sensor that acquires the biological sound signal information from the biological body and the biological sensor that acquires the biological signal information from the biological body, at least a communication unit that communicates with the biological sound sensor is provided. The biometric apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12.   The biometric apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the biometric apparatus is incorporated in a biometric sound sensor that acquires the biometric sound signal information from the living body. A biometric measurement method in a biometric apparatus for measuring a state of a living body,
A biological sound parameter acquisition step of acquiring a biological sound parameter based on biological sound signal information acquired from the biological body;
A biological parameter acquisition step of acquiring a biological parameter different from the biological sound parameter based on the biological sound signal information or other biological signal information acquired from the biological body;
A biological measurement method comprising: a detection step of detecting a state of the biological body based on the biological sound parameter and the biological parameter.   The control program for functioning a computer as each means of the biometric apparatus of any one of Claim 1-14.   The computer-readable recording medium which recorded the control program of Claim 16.

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