JP2012019715A - Lighting device for plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting device for a plant capable of illuminating a cultivation greenhouse with inexpensive facilities and without requiring a light source of a large quantity of light, and also preventing an illumination light from leaking from the cultivation greenhouse.SOLUTION: The lighting device includes a linear light emitter 30 directly disposed on a culture medium where the plant is planted. The linear light emitter 30 has a transparent linear base 31 and a plurality of light-emitting diodes LED 1s, LED 2s embedded in the linear base 31 along the longitudinal direction, and irradiates toward the back side of plant leaves from lower side with the light emitted from the light-emitting diodes LED 1s, LED 2s.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device that irradiates light from below to a plant.

  In plant cultivation, light irradiation by artificial lighting is often used. The main purpose is to extend the day length and irradiate the light required for photosynthesis.

  As an example of the former, it is possible to raise electric cultivation for chrysanthemum, strawberries and the like. Chrysanthemum (Aki chrysanthemum) has the property of blooming with flower buds when the sunshine hours are short in autumn. Therefore, we can illuminate with incandescent lamps etc. before the flower buds are produced, delay the flowering time by artificially lengthening the sunshine hours, and ship flowers from the New Year when the chrysanthemum demand is the highest to the spring equinox. (See Non-Patent Document 1).

  Strawberries have the property of going to sleep at low temperatures and short days in winter, so to prevent this, the night time is shortened with incandescent lamps to maintain winter growth.

  On the other hand, the irradiation of light required for photosynthesis is also called supplementary light, and some cultivation methods are used in which light is irradiated with a high-pressure sodium lamp, a metal halide lamp, or the like when there is little sunlight, such as in winter. Also, in recent complete artificial light type plant factories, lettuce and the like are cultivated under artificial lighting such as fluorescent lamps.

  More recently, the effects of light on plants include the effects of various monochromatic lights such as red light, blue light, green light, and ultraviolet light on flower bud differentiation, stem elongation and enlargement, leaf development, and disease resistance. (See Non-Patent Documents 2 to 4), some of which are beginning to be used for plant cultivation, and in the future, it is expected that more and more various types of light irradiation will be used depending on the purpose.

  Furthermore, not only direct action on plants but also light irradiation is often used for pest control. For example, yellow light and green light are radiated for the purpose of controlling night mist such as giant cigarettes and lotus roots.

  This is based on the fact that when the night moths are irradiated with yellow light or green light, the spawning behavior and the like are suppressed due to the misunderstanding of the day despite the night.

Supervised by Ichiro Watanabe and Tetsuo Sekiyama, Agricultural Electricity Use, Agricultural Electrification Association, 2002 Takeshi Kamigami, Agriculture and Horticulture, Seibundo Shinkosha, May 2010, 29-32 Yutaka Ishida et al. Bringing out plant disease resistance by green light irradiation, Brain Techno News, Agricultural / Food Industry Technology Research Organization, Biological Specified Industrial Technology Research Support Center, 2009, 134, 16-20 Supervised by Eiji Goto, Agriphotonics-Aiming at a plant factory using LEDs, CMC Publishing, 2008

  As described above, light irradiation in plant cultivation is used for various purposes such as growth promotion, flowering adjustment and pest control.

  However, conventional light irradiation is generally from the top of the plant, and in order to irradiate the entire cultivation house from a high place, a light source with a large amount of light and an instrument for fixing this light source are required. There was a problem that the equipment cost was high. In addition, since the entire cultivation house is illuminated from a high place, illumination light is likely to leak through the covering film of the cultivation house or through the gap between the roof and the side wall of the cultivation house, and complaints from neighboring residents are received. There is a problem.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a plant lighting device that can be illuminated with inexpensive equipment without requiring a light source with a large amount of light, and that can prevent leakage of illumination light from a cultivation house. is there.

  The invention of claim 1 is characterized by comprising a light emitter arranged directly on a medium in which a plant is planted, and irradiating light emitted from the light emitter from the bottom toward the back side of the leaf of the plant.

  According to the present invention, light is emitted from the bottom toward the back side of the plant leaf by the light emitter directly disposed on the medium, so that an instrument for attaching the light emitter is not necessary, and the light amount is small. Since the leaves can be irradiated in proximity, the equipment is inexpensive. Furthermore, since it irradiates the back side of the leaf from below, the light is shielded by the leaf, so that leakage of illumination light from the cultivation house can be prevented.

It is the external view which showed schematic structure of the illuminating device which concerns on this invention. It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the illuminating device shown in FIG. It is the top view which showed the linear light-emitting body of the illuminating device of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the linear light-emitting body of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the state which mounted the linear light-emitting body on the soil of the field which grows a strawberry. It is the perspective view which showed the state which mounted the linear light-emitting body on the soil of the field which grows a strawberry. It is sectional drawing which showed the state which mounted the linear light-emitting body in the soil of the field which grows a strawberry. It is explanatory drawing which showed the state which has arrange | positioned the linear light-emitting body above the agricultural field which grows a strawberry. It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the illuminating device of 2nd Example. It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the illuminating device of another example. It is the table | surface which showed the specification of the linear light-emitting body.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment which is an embodiment of a plant lighting device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
The plant lighting device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a control unit 20 and a rope-like linear light emitter (light emitter) 30. P is a power plug.

  The control unit 20 includes a rectifier circuit 21 that full-wave rectifies the AC voltage of the AC power source E and smoothes it to a DC voltage, and a control circuit 22 that controls turning on and off of a plurality of light-emitting diodes (light sources) LED1 and LED2 to be described later. 23.

  The control unit 20 is provided with an operation key (not shown). By operating the operation key, a time zone and an irradiation interval to be irradiated by the light emitting diodes LED1 and LED2 can be set.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the linear light emitter 30 includes a flexible linear substrate 31 made of transparent vinyl chloride and the like, and three conductors 32 to 34 embedded in the linear substrate 31. And a plurality of light emitting diodes LED1..., LED2.

  The light-emitting diodes LED1 ... LED2 ... are embedded in the linear base 31 so as to emit light toward the upper surface 31a.

  The linear substrate 31 is formed in a long shape with a rectangular cross section and a length of about 30 m, and its upper surface 31a is a rough surface, and light emitted from the light emitting diodes LED1,. The angle of irradiation spreads due to scattering.

  The conducting wires 32 and 34 are power supply lines for plus, and the conducting wire 33 is a power supply line for minus.

  The plurality of light emitting diodes LED1 are divided into light emitting diode groups LED1a, LED1b, and the plurality of light emitting diodes LED2 are divided into light emitting diode groups LED2a, LED2b.

  The light emitting diode group LED1a is obtained by connecting a predetermined number of LEDs 1 in series, and an anode terminal (not shown) of the LED 1 at one end of the series connected light emitting diode group LED 1a is connected to the lead wire 32, and at the other end. A cathode terminal (not shown) of an LED 1 is connected to the conducting wire 33. The plurality of LEDs 1 are embedded in the linear substrate 31 at equal intervals. The interval may be several centimeters, and there may be an interval of about several tens of centimeters if the plant is uniformly illuminated.

  Here, a linear light emitter includes light emitting diodes arranged in the form of dots at intervals of several centimeters to several tens of centimeters. In other words, a unit in which a plurality of point light sources are attached to a linear base and integrated is defined as one of linear light emitters.

  The light-emitting diode groups LED1b.

  The light emitting diode group LED2a is obtained by connecting a predetermined number of LEDs 2 in series, and an anode terminal (not shown) of the LED 2 at one end of the series connected light emitting diode group LED 2a is connected to the conductor 34, and at the other end. A cathode terminal (not shown) of a certain LED 2 is connected to the conducting wire 33. The plurality of LEDs 2 are embedded in the linear substrate 31 at equal intervals. The light-emitting diode groups LED2b.

  The light emitting diode LED1 emits white light, for example, and the light emitting diode LED2 emits green light, for example.

  The lengths of the light emitting diode groups LED1a, LED1b... And the lengths of the light emitting diode groups LED2a, LED2b... Are set to be substantially the same, and the light emitting diodes LED1 and the light emitting diodes LED2 are alternately arranged as shown in FIG. It is in a state. And the cutting position C is set for every 0.83 m, for example, and the linear light emitter 30 can be used in a desired length by cutting at the cutting position C. ing.

Then, an end cap K is attached to the rear end of the cut linear light emitter 30, as shown in FIG. 1, and the conductors 32, 34 and the conductor 33 of the linear light emitter 30 are short-circuited at the rear end. To prevent. Further, a connector N is connected to the tip of the linear light emitter 30 to connect the conducting wires 32 to 34 of the linear light emitter 30 and the output terminals (not shown) of the control circuits 22 and 23. Note that the negative lines of the output terminals of the control circuits 22 and 23 are common.
[how to use]
5 and 6, reference numeral 50 denotes a field for growing strawberries in the cultivation house. Strawberries 51 are planted in two rows on the soil (medium) 52 of the field 50.

  First, the linear light emitter 30 is disposed directly on the soil 52 with its upper surface 31a facing up. Here, since the strawberry 51 is planted in two rows, it arrange | positions in the intermediate position. The length of the linear light emitter 30 is set to a predetermined length by cutting from the cutting position C according to the length of the field 50.

  Next, the power plug P of the lighting device 10 is connected to an outlet (not shown) provided in the cultivation house, and the operation key of the control unit 20 is operated to irradiate with the light emitting diodes LED1 and LED2 and the irradiation interval. And press the start switch (not shown).

  When the time zone set by the light emitting diode LED1 is reached, the plurality of light emitting diodes LED1... Emit white light toward the upper surface 31a of the linear substrate 31, and the white light is scattered by the upper surface 31a of the linear substrate 31. As the irradiation angle widens, irradiation is performed upward, and the back side of the leaf 51A of the strawberry 51 is irradiated. By the irradiation of the back surface of the leaf 51A, the photosynthesis of the leaf 51A is actively performed. For this reason, the day length extension by white light can be performed efficiently.

  And if the time slot | zone passes, several light emitting diode LED1 ... will be lighted out automatically.

  When the time zone set by the light emitting diode LED2 is reached, the plurality of light emitting diodes LED2... Emit green light toward the upper surface 31a of the linear substrate 31, and this green light is scattered by the upper surface 31a of the linear substrate 31 and the irradiation angle. As it spreads, it irradiates upward and irradiates the back side of the strawberry 51 leaves 51A. This green light irradiation makes it possible to suppress the disease by improving the disease resistance of the strawberry 51.

  Here, the angle of light emitted from the linear light emitter 30 toward the back of the leaf only needs to be equal to or greater than the horizontal angle as long as it can be applied to the back of the leaf.

  By the way, FIG. 7 shows the case where the linear light-emitting body 30 is attached above the farm field 50. In this case (case 1) and the case shown in FIG. 6 (case 2), light leakage is compared. For example, as a result of measuring the illuminance at a location 2 m away from the strawberry 51 in the lateral direction, Case 1 was 500 lux, and Case 2 was 100 lux. This is because when the light is irradiated on the leaf 51A from the bottom to the top, the light is blocked by the leaf 51A.

  In addition, as a result of measuring the illuminance near the crown (the central part of the strawberry strain), which is considered to be the most active and highly sensitive among the strawberries 51, the light is blocked by the leaves 51A in case 1, 500 lux. In contrast, Case 2 reached 4000 looks.

  Table 1 in FIG. 10 shows specifications of the linear light emitters 30 used for the case 1 and the case 2. In addition, the light emitting diode used here is light emitting diode LED2 which light-emits green light.

  As described above, since the leaves 51A are irradiated with the white light and the green light directed from the bottom to the top, the light is blocked by the leaves 51A. For this reason, the white light and the green light are out of the cultivation house. Can be prevented from leaking. Moreover, since light is irradiated toward the leaf 51A from the bottom to the top, it is possible to irradiate from a position close to the leaf 51A, and thus a large amount of light source is not necessary.

  Moreover, since the linear light emitter 30 may be directly placed on the soil 52, an instrument for holding the linear light emitter 30 is not necessary, and the linear light emitter 30 is attached to the resin linear substrate 31. Since the plurality of light emitting diodes LED1,..., LED2... Are embedded, the waterproof property is excellent and the cost of the equipment of the illumination device 10 is low.

  Since the linear light emitters 30 are not suspended from above, the linear light emitters 30 and the devices that hold the linear light emitters 30 are not shaded on the field 50 during the day.

Furthermore, since the linear light-emitting body 30 can be bent, even if the agricultural field 50 is winding, it can be made to follow along the agricultural field 50.
[Second Embodiment]
The lighting device 210 illustrated in FIG. 8 includes a control unit 220 and a rope-like linear light emitter 230.

  The linear light-emitting body 230 is configured by embedding light-emitting diodes LED2,..., LED3,. The light emitting diode LED3 emits red light, and the light emitting diode LED4 emits yellow light.

  The control unit 220 includes control circuits 222 to 224 that control the lighting of the light emitting diodes LED2... LED3. The rest of the configuration is the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

According to the second embodiment, in addition to the LED 2 that emits green light, which is known to increase disease resistance against plants, it exerts a day length extending effect (lighting effect) with strawberries and chrysanthemums. LED 3 that emits red light, which is known to do, and a light-emitting diode LED 4 that emits yellow light, which is known to exert a controlling effect against night mist such as giant tobacco and house monkey Therefore, the light emitting diodes LED2,..., LED3,. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide an illuminating device according to the objective.
[Other examples]
FIG. 9 shows another example of the illumination device 110. The illuminating device 110 includes a control unit 120 and a rope-like linear light emitter 130.

  The linear light-emitting body 130 is configured by embedding light-emitting diodes LED2 in a row in a transparent linear base 131 made of vinyl chloride or the like. The rest of the configuration is the same as in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  In any of the above embodiments, the linear light emitters 30, 130, and 230 are formed in a rope shape and can be bent, but may be in a rod shape.

  In addition, the linear light emitters 30, 130, and 230 all form the linear light emitters 30, 130, and 230 by light emitting diodes. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and examples thereof include fluorescent lamps, cold cathode lamps, incandescent light bulbs, The type of light source is not limited as long as a linear light emitter can be constituted by a high pressure sodium lamp, a metal halide lamp, a neon tube, a laser, a laser diode, electroluminescence, chemical luminescence, or the like. Further, the number of columns is not limited to 1 to 3, and any number of columns may be provided.

  In any of the above-described embodiments, the strawberries are irradiated with the light from the linear light emitters 30, 130, 230. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, plants such as eggplants, cucumbers, tomatoes and chrysanthemums In addition, irradiation may be performed not only with the linear light emitters 30, 130, and 230 but also with point light sources (light emitters) independent of each other.

Although also the medium are all above-described embodiments are soil, may be a medium such as peat moss and rock wool used without being limited e.g. hydroponics in the soil, also made of expanded steel for use in hydroponics It may be a medium such as a panel.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and design changes and additions are permitted without departing from the spirit of the invention according to each claim of the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Illuminating device 20 Control part 30 Linear light-emitting body 31 Linear base body 50 Farm 51 Strawberry 52 Soil LED1 Light emitting diode (light source)
LED2 Light emitting diode (light source)

Claims (6)

  An illumination device for a plant, comprising: a light emitter disposed directly on a culture medium in which a plant is planted, and irradiating light emitted from the light emitter toward a back side of a leaf of the plant from below.   The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the luminous body is a linear luminous body that is formed in a linear shape and is arranged on the culture medium.   The plant illumination device according to claim 2, wherein the linear light emitter includes a transparent linear substrate and a plurality of light sources embedded in the linear substrate along a longitudinal direction.   The plant illumination device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of light sources include several types of light sources having different wavelengths of light to be emitted.   The plant illumination device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of light sources are turned on / off for each wavelength of emitted light.   The plant illumination device according to claim 3, wherein the light source is a light emitting diode.