JP2012014597A - Attentional area display system, attentional area display method and attentional area display program - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To support the creation of web content design in consideration of web accessibility.
An attention area display system 1-101 for displaying an attention area of a web page, which analyzes the structure of the web page and obtains a plurality of display elements constituting the web page. 3 for each display element acquired by the analysis means, display discrimination means 1-2 for discriminating whether the display state or the non-display state, and for each display element, a caution score that is an index representing the degree of human attention is calculated And a calculating unit 1-2 calculates a attention score for each display element based on an absolute attribute that is an invariant attribute of the display element.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an attention area display technique for estimating an element that attracts human attention among elements displayed in web content.

  With the spread of the Internet, various information has come to be obtained. One of the main uses of the Internet is browsing web pages. Web pages are composed of HTML files, style sheets, images, videos, and so on. When using a browser, text and images are displayed on the browser as described in the HTML file.

  By using browsers and assistive technologies, web pages can be used by various users, including people with disabilities and the elderly. For this purpose, consideration of web design based on web accessibility is necessary. In order to examine whether the design of web contents is taken into consideration for web accessibility, web evaluation tools have been studied (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2010-108141 A

  Patent Document 1 describes a method for diagnosing whether a web page satisfies web accessibility. As a diagnostic method, it is common to refer to web accessibility guidelines. However, what is generally dealt with in the guidelines are items about HTML syntax, such as how to use HTML tags.

  For other items, for example, the user's attention does not know whether the content of the web content matches the context of the web content, that is, whether the user's attention is paid according to the intention of the web creator. It cannot be judged. The conventional guideline including the evaluation tool of Patent Document 1 cannot be diagnosed.

  When viewing web content, the region of interest may differ depending on the content, and may vary depending on the person. In particular, the elderly have a limited range of attention, and if attention is paid to a certain area, the other area cannot be looked at, and information on other areas cannot be acquired. Although it is necessary to produce web content in consideration of such problems, the degree of limitation of the range of attention varies from person to person. For this reason, if the creator is a person whose scope of attention is not limited, there is a problem that it is difficult to give consideration from the standpoint of a person whose scope of attention is limited.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to support the production of a web content design in consideration of web accessibility.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an attention area display system for displaying an attention area of a web page, which analyzes the structure of the web page and acquires a plurality of display elements constituting the web page. Analyzing means, display discriminating means for discriminating whether each display element acquired by the analyzing means is in a display state or a non-display state, and calculating a caution score that is an index representing the degree of human attention for each display element Calculating means for calculating, for each display element, an attention score based on an absolute attribute that is an invariant attribute of the display element.

  The present invention is an attention area display system for displaying an attention area of a web page performed by a computer, wherein the computer analyzes a structure of the web page and acquires a plurality of display elements constituting the web page. An analysis step, a display determination step for determining whether each display element acquired in the analysis step is in a display state or a non-display state, and for each display element, a caution score, which is an index representing the degree of human attention, is calculated The calculation step calculates an attention score for each display element based on an absolute attribute that is an invariant attribute of the display element.

  The present invention is a caution area display program for causing a computer to execute the caution area display method.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to support creation of a web content design in consideration of web accessibility.

1 is a system configuration diagram of an attention area display system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of 1st Embodiment. It is an example of the HTML document of a web page to be analyzed. It is an example of the hierarchical structure of an analysis object web page. It is an example of the analysis result of analysis object web page data. It is an example of the display screen of the browser before scrolling. It is an example of the analysis result of the display element of an analysis object web page. An example of absolute attributes and attention scores. It is an example of absolute attribute and attention score function. It is an example of relative attribute and attention score. It is an example of relative attribute and attention score function. It is an example of the display position of the display element b. It is an example of the display screen of the browser after scrolling. It is an example of the direction of drag operation. It is an example of a simulation screen. It is a system configuration | structure figure of the attention area display system which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of 4th Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of 5th Embodiment. It is an example of a warning message.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
The first embodiment is an example realized by using a caution area display system mounted on a local PC (personal computer). This will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration example of an attention area display system 1-101 of the present embodiment. The attention area display system 1-101 shown in the figure includes a transmission / reception unit 1-1, a control unit 1-2 (display determination unit, calculation unit, rank determination unit), an information analysis unit 1-3 (analysis unit), an information configuration unit 1 -4 (generating unit), information storage unit 1-5 (storage unit), information input unit 1-6, and information output unit 1-7. When the attention area display system 1-101 is realized on a PC, the information input unit 1-6 corresponds to an input system such as a keyboard and a mouse, and the information output unit 1-7 corresponds to a display (monitor) or a speaker. .

  As the attention area display system 1-101 described above, for example, a general-purpose computer system including a CPU, a memory, an external storage device such as an HDD, an input device, and an output device can be used. In this computer system, each function of the attention area display system 1-101 is realized by the CPU executing a predetermined program loaded on the memory.

  The operation of the attention area display system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In S <b> 21, the user inputs a URL from the information input unit 1-6 and specifies a web page to be browsed. Public web pages are specified by URL, but directories can be specified for web pages on the PC. Here, a case where a URL is designated will be described as an example. When the information input unit 1-6 receives a user input, the control unit 1-2 accesses the web server 1-102 via the transmission / reception unit 1-1 and the network 1-103 using the input URL as a destination. To do.

  In S22, the control unit 1-2 receives the web page data to be converted, that is, the web content using the transmission / reception unit 1-1, and records the received data in the information storage unit 1-5.

  In S23, the information analysis unit 1-3 analyzes the recorded web content and records the analysis result in the information storage unit 1-5. Here, the analysis method will be described. The web page is composed of an HTML document as shown in FIG. <HTML> is called an HTML element, and refers to the <HTML> to </ HTML> part surrounded by a start tag and an end tag. These start tags and end tags further include various elements of HTML and have a hierarchical structure. When this hierarchical structure is analyzed and expressed in a tree diagram, it is as shown in FIG. This hierarchical structure can be analyzed by a general parser. The information analysis unit 1-3 generates an analysis result table (table) as shown in FIG. 5 from the hierarchical structure as shown in FIG. 4, and assigns an ID number to each row.

  This single row is called a component. There are cases where the lowest layer of the component is an HTML element that is a meta element such as a component having an ID of “1” and a text that is a component such as a component of ID “3”.

  Some of these components are displayed by a browser (not shown) included in the PC that is the attention area display system 1-101, and some are not displayed. This is also uniquely determined according to the type of component. For example, ID = 1 and 2 are not displayed because they represent meta elements. The “universal IT design center” that is the title element with ID = 3 is displayed in the page title portion of the browser.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of a display window displayed on the PC display by the browser. “Universal IT Design Center” is displayed in the page title portion 61 (outside the display window 62) in the upper left. In the present embodiment, since the components displayed in the display window 62 are examined, ID = 3 is classified as non-display in the sense that it is not displayed in the browser window 62. The information analysis unit 1-3 analyzes the element type (non-display, display) of each component in this way and records it in the element type column of the analysis result table.

  A component having the element type “display” is hereinafter referred to as a display element. The display element is a component that is displayed when the state is in place, and does not depend on whether or not the element is actually displayed. For example, if the amount of information on a web page is very large and you must scroll to view all the information, even if it is an element that is not displayed unless you scroll, The displayed element is a display element. Further, for the display element, the information analysis unit 1-3 analyzes and discriminates the content type such as whether each display element is a text or an image based on the analysis result (the contents of each layer) of the display element. Record in the content type column of the analysis result table.

  FIG. 7 shows an analysis result table different from FIG. 5 for explaining the display element whose element type is display. In FIG. 7, 123 display elements from e1 to e123 are listed. In the stage of S23, ID to element type and content type are recorded. The other fields (state, display area, character size, text color,..., Attention score, attention score ranking) are added in steps after S24. In FIG. 7, the display of each layer (first layer to sixth layer) shown in FIG. 5 is omitted.

  In S24, the control unit 1-2 determines whether or not the display element is being displayed. Whether it is displayed or not can be calculated based on the size of the display window. First, the position coordinates of the display element are acquired. The coordinate axes can be arbitrary, but for the sake of explanation, the origin is in the upper left corner of the display, the x axis is to the right, and the y axis is to the bottom. Let (xo, yo) be the position coordinates of the acquired display element. Note that xo = xo1 to xon and yo = yo1 to yom.

Next, assume that the display size is Y _D in the vertical direction and X _D in the horizontal direction. The range of coordinates displayed on the display is between (0, 0) and (X _D , Y _D ). That is, when there are coordinates (x, y), if the following two formulas are satisfied, it can be said that they are displayed on the display.

0 ≤ x ≤ X _D
0 ≤ y ≤ Y _D
Since not all display windows are displayed, the coordinates of the upper left corner of the display window are acquired. The display window refers to an area where web content is displayed. Let the coordinates of the upper left corner of the display window be (xw, yw).

Further, since the display window is rectangular, the vertical size of the display window is Y _W and the horizontal size is X _W.

  When the following expressions (1) and (2) are satisfied, all display windows are displayed.

X _D − xw ≧ X _W … (1)
Y _D − yw ≧ Y _W … (2)
In this case, since all the display windows are displayed, all the display elements are in the display state.

  On the other hand, when the expressions (1) and (2) are not satisfied, the display window is not displayed at all. Since the coordinates of the display element are (xo, yo), it can be said that the display element is displayed if the following expression is satisfied.

xw ≤ xo ≤ X _D
yw ≤ yo ≤ Y _D
A display element that satisfies these conditions is determined to be in a display state, and a display element that does not satisfy these conditions is determined to be in a non-display state. Note that the display state or the non-display state does not change unless a scroll operation is performed. In the status column of FIG. 7, whether the display state or the non-display state is added.

  Furthermore, when the display element is text, the control unit 1-2 adds the character size and text color to the character size and text color fields in FIG. Further, the display area is calculated using the character size and the number of characters, and is added to the display area of the analysis result table of FIG. Since the character size depends on the browser setting, one of the character sizes set in the browser is acquired. Therefore, when the browser setting is changed, the analysis result table of FIG. 7 is changed.

  In the example shown in FIG. 7, the character size, text color, and display area are taken as an example. However, in the case of text, the font type, font decoration, contrast, and the like are used in FIG. Then, values as will be described later are obtained by analysis in S24 and added to the analysis result table.

  In S <b> 25, the control unit 1-2 calculates a caution score for each display element whose element type is “display state”. Here, the attention score will be described. The attention score is an index (a score corresponding to the degree of attention) that indicates the degree of human attention. The attention score is calculated according to the characteristics of the display element. By devising a method for assigning attention scores, it is possible to make it easier for people to pay attention to the display element with the highest attention score. The attention score can be calculated from the characteristics of the display element and the attributes of the display element.

  The attributes of the display element are classified into two types. The first is a characteristic unique to the display element and an invariant attribute. Hereinafter, it is called an absolute attribute. The absolute attribute is determined by whether the display element is text, an image, a video, or the like. In addition, although the attribute differs depending on the color used in the image or the like, the attention score may be determined by the ratio of a plurality of colors included in the image.

  The second is a relatively determined attribute that changes depending on what is displayed. Hereinafter, it is called a relative attribute. The relative attribute is determined from the result of comparing the characteristics of the display element of interest and the characteristics of surrounding display elements. The higher the novelty, the higher the attention score. That is, if there is only a part of red text in the black text, the attention score increases. In addition, the feature based on the position is not included in the relative attribute but the comparison with the surroundings. The shorter the distance from the display element with the higher attention score, the higher the attention score. Further, since it is considered that the center portion is more conspicuous than the surroundings on the screen, the score may be increased as the distance from the center of the screen is shorter.

  As for the absolute attribute, for example, a correspondence table in which the absolute attribute and the attention score are associated with each other as shown in FIG. 8 is recorded in the information storage unit 1-5 in advance. The type of display element such as whether the display element is text, an image, or a video is one of the absolute attributes. When the display element is text, text features such as character size, character font type, and character color are absolute attributes.

  If the display element is an image, the size of the image, and if a character is written, the size of the character, the font type of the character, the color of the character, etc. are absolute attributes. For colors, the order of ease of attention is recorded in advance, but if multiple colors are used, the attention score can be determined using the color that is most easily noticeable among multiple colors. Alternatively, the attention score may be determined using a color having the widest display area. Further, attention scores for a plurality of colors may be acquired, and the average may be used as the attention score, or the average may be calculated by weighting with the display area of each color and may be used as the attention score. Regarding the colors in the image, information on the colors in the image can be obtained by analyzing the image pixel by pixel. Alternatively, the attention score may be determined and set by a person.

  FIG. 8 is an example showing the correspondence between absolute attributes and attention scores. There is a “display element type” in the absolute attribute column. There are four types of attribute value fields: text, image, video, and video. The attention scores are 1, 2, 3, and 2.5, respectively. This indicates that, for example, when the display element is text, the attention score is one point.

  Also, when you see the “Font decoration” column for the absolute attribute, there are three types of attribute value columns: bold, italic, and no decoration, and the attention score is doubled, 1.5x, and 1x respectively. . This indicates that, for example, when the display element is bold, the total attention score is doubled to obtain the attention score.

  Also, when viewing the column where the absolute attribute is “Contrast”, the attribute value column has foreground brightness: background color brightness = C: 1, and the attention score column has 0.21C. This determines the value of C by determining the ratio between the lightness of the foreground color and the lightness of the background color. This is multiplied by 0.21 to determine the attention score.

The correspondence between the absolute attribute shown in FIG. 8 and the attention score is generally shown in FIG. When the absolute attribute of FIG. 9 is “display element type k”, the attention score is determined by the formula F ₁ (k). Referring to the example of FIG. 8, F ₁ (k 1 is 1 when text is set, 2 is k = image, 3 is k = video, and 2.5 is k = video. Use the function k). Similarly, attention scores can be obtained by applying the function of FIG. 9 to other absolute attributes.

  By adding each attention score for each absolute attribute, a total score of attention scores for each display element can be calculated. Or the calculation method may be arbitrary, such as multiplying each attention score. Moreover, if weighting is given, the total score A of the attention score of a certain display element is as follows.

A = a ₁ F ₁ (k) + a ₂ F ₂ (c) + a ₃ F ₃ (s) + a ₄ F ₄ (f) + a ₅ F ₅ (d) + a ₆ F ₆ (c ₂ ) +…
_{However, a 1, a 2, a} 3, a 4, a 5, a 6, ... are constants.

  Alternatively, the total score A may be expressed as follows using the function H.

A = H (F ₁ (k), F ₂ (c), F ₃ (s), F ₄ (f), F ₅ (d), F ₆ (c ₂ ),…)
On the other hand, relative attributes differ depending on display conditions. That is, the attribute changes depending on what is displayed. When there are a plurality of display elements, the degree of unusualness of a certain display element can be mentioned.

FIG. 10 is an example showing the correspondence between relative attributes and attention scores. For example, it is considered that attention is drawn when there is only one image while most display elements are text. By comparing the total number when the display element is text and the total number when the display element is an image, it can be considered that attention is drawn when the ratio of the image is low. That is, the ratio of the type of display element is one of the relative attributes. Considering the case of drawing attention, it is a case where the ratio of the display element is small, but it is considered that it is not noticeable even if the ratio is too small. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, if the ratio of the number of display elements is image: text = k ₁ : 1, “relative attribute G (k ₁ ) _”, which is one of the relative attributes of the image, is Can be expressed by the following equation.

G (k ₁ ) = b ₁ k ₁ ² + b ₂ k ₁ + b ₃
However, b ₁ , b ₂ , b ₃ are constants.

Further, the ratio of the display area between the image and the text may be checked, or the unit of the text may be checked as a single character instead of a plurality included in one display element. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, it can be generalized by an equation using k ₁ , G ₁ (k ₁ ). FIG. 11 generally shows the correspondence between the relative attributes shown in FIG. 10 and the attention score.

  Next, it is considered that the ease of attention changes depending on the position of the display element. It may be easier to draw attention if it is displayed near the center than at the edge of the window. Alternatively, it may be easier to draw attention when the distance from the display element with a high absolute attribute attention score is shorter.

  Consider the display position of the display element b in the case shown in FIG. If the display element with the highest absolute attribute attention score is the display element a, the distance between the center point Oa of the display element a and the center point Ob of the display element b is assumed to be r1. Furthermore, if the center point of the display window is Oc, the distance between Oc and the center point Ob of the display element b is r2. It is conceivable to use these r1 and r2 to represent relative attributes.

  An example of this case is shown in FIG. The distance from the display element with the highest absolute attribute attention score is defined as a1 (Rmax − r1). Here, Rmax is the length of the diagonal line of the display frame of the window, and r1 can take up to the maximum Rmax. On the other hand, the distance from the center is defined as a2 (Rmax−r2). This can also be expressed by a general formula as shown in FIG. They can be generalized as I1 (r1) and I2 (r2), respectively. The attention score R1 of the relative attribute combining these two can be expressed as R1 = J (I1 (r1), I2 (r2)) = J (xb, yb).

  Finally, consider a case where content moves as a result of a scroll operation or the like. It can be considered that the relative attribute varies depending on the moving direction. For example, FIG. 6 shows an example of the display window before the scroll operation, and FIG. 13 shows an example of the display window after the scroll operation. It is assumed that the scroll operation is performed from the state where the upper end of the web page is displayed so that the lower end of the web page is displayed.

  Comparing FIG. 6 and FIG. 13, the first link of “image1” and “latest information from the center” disappears, and to the bottom of the text, “image3”, “accessibility policy” and “top of page” Are displayed. Since it is clear that “image1” will disappear when the scroll operation starts, it can be considered that the user's attention is drawn more to the newly appearing part, “image3” and the surrounding text. . Therefore, when a scroll operation is performed in a direction in which lower content is displayed, new content appears to appear from the lower part of the window frame in FIG. Therefore, in FIG. 13, it is conceivable that the closer to the lower part of the window frame, the higher the attention score. The distance from the lower part of the window frame is assumed to be h, and it is conceivable that the smaller the h, the greater the weight. If the height of the window frame is H and the value of the weighting coefficient is P, P is a function that changes with h, and can be generally written as F (h). For example, P = H−h can be considered.

  Alternatively, as is generally seen in map applications, it is possible to move by dragging to change the map display position. An example is shown in FIG. When moving by dragging, it appears that new content appears from the direction of the drag operation. Therefore, it is conceivable that a straight line L passing through a point (vertex) at the upper right corner of the display window perpendicular to the direction of the drag operation is drawn, and the shorter the distance from the straight line, the higher the attention score. Recalculate the attention score when the movement stops. In addition, when an enlargement / reduction operation is performed on a map or the like, the relative attribute also changes. Therefore, the attention score may be recalculated after recalculating the absolute attribute and the relative attribute.

  As described above, the attention score after the change can be obtained again with respect to the change or enlargement / reduction in any direction according to the operation. Put this together again. If the display elements are {x1, x2, x3,..., Xn}, the total score T of the attention score is determined by T = F (x1, x2, x3,..., Xn). xm is the relative attribute vector of the mth display element. If the number of assumed relative attributes is a, it is an a-dimensional vector.

  In S25, the absolute attribute and the relative attribute are calculated for each display element as described above, the calculated absolute attribute attention score and the relative attribute attention score are added, and the added value is the attention score of FIG. Add to the score column. Note that only the attention score of the absolute attribute may be calculated and added to the attention score column in FIG.

  In S26, the control unit 1-2 ranks each display element in descending order of the attention score calculated in S25, and additionally writes it in the column of the attention score ranking in FIG. In this way, the display elements e1 to e123 can be arranged in descending order of attention score.

  In S <b> 27, the information configuration unit 1-4 generates a simulation image in which attention is paid to at least one display element region having a low rank based on the rank determined in S <b> 26. That is, a simulation image is generated in which the display element with the lowest order (first display element) or a predetermined number of display elements with the lowest order (first to nth) is noted.

  FIG. 15 is an example of a simulation screen when the display element with the highest attention score (first display element) is noted. In FIG. 15, it is assumed that the display element A has the highest attention score. As shown in FIG. 15, the information configuration unit 1-4 changes the display of the area in the window according to the distance from the display element with the highest attention score. Specifically, the display element A and the periphery of the display element A are displayed brightly, and the display element A is displayed darker by applying a concentric filter as the distance from the center of the display element A increases.

  As a result, the display element A is displayed brightly, attention is drawn to the display element A, and the display element B is displayed darkly and it can be easily grasped that attention is not drawn. In FIG. 15, the display is darker in stages according to the distance from the display element A, but may be changed continuously. When the distance from the center of the display element A at a certain point X is R, the degree of darkness D at X can be expressed by the following equation, for example.

D = aR (where a is a constant)
Alternatively, it may be changed in a secondary series. When generalized, an arbitrary point X can be expressed as follows using the coordinates (x, y) of the position.

D = K ₁ (R) = K ₂ (x, y)
Further, not only the display element A with the highest attention score but also the display element A2 in the second rank may be considered. In this case, if the distance between A2 and X is R2, the result is as follows.

D = K ₁ (R) + K ₂ (R ₂ )
Or, generalized, an arbitrary point can be expressed as follows using the coordinates (x, y) of the position.

D = K (x, y)
It should be noted that the number of display elements used to create the simulation image is recorded in advance in the information storage unit 1-5.

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment will be described. The second embodiment is an example that considers changes according to the passage of time. In the first embodiment, only whether or not the image is an image is treated as one of the absolute attributes. However, in the second embodiment, how the image actually changes is examined, and the attention score is calculated. Further, for a web page that does not fit in the display window, that is, a web page that requires a scroll operation to view all, a browsing score is simulated by simulating browsing all the regions.

  The configuration of the attention area display system of the second embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 16 is the same as FIG. 1, but differs from FIG. 1 in that it further includes a time measuring unit 11-8.

  The operation of the attention area display system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In S41, the user inputs a URL from the information input unit 11-6 and designates a web page to be browsed. Public web pages are specified by URL, but directories can be specified for web pages on the PC. Here, a case where a URL is designated will be described as an example. When the information input unit 11-6 receives user input, the control unit 11-2 accesses the web server 1-102 via the transmission / reception unit 11-1 and the network 11-103 with the input URL as a destination. To do.

  In S42, the control unit 11-2 receives the web page data to be converted, that is, the web content using the transmission / reception unit 11-1, and records the received data in the information storage unit 11-5.

  In S43, the information analysis unit 11-3 analyzes the recorded web content, and records the analysis result in the information storage unit 11-5. The analysis method is the same as in the first embodiment.

In S44, the control unit 11-2 determines whether or not the scroll bar is displayed in the display window. First, the size of the entire web page is acquired. The size of the entire web page can be determined from the size and layout of each display element. Since the web page is a rectangle, the size of the web page to be acquired vertical is Y _P, lateral is assumed to be X _P. Next, the size of the display window is acquired. Since the display window is rectangular, the vertical size of the display window is Y _W and the horizontal size is X _W.

At this time, if X _W ≦ X _D is satisfied, the scroll bar is displayed in the horizontal direction, and if not satisfied, the scroll bar is not displayed. If Y _W ≦ Y _D is satisfied, a scroll bar is displayed in the vertical direction, and if it is not satisfied, the scroll bar is not displayed.

  If it is determined that the scroll bar is displayed, the process proceeds to S45, where the operation of the web page by the user is simulated, and the operation history is recorded in the information storage unit 11-5. For example, although the scroll operation can be performed from the screen as shown in FIG. 6 to the screen as shown in FIG. 13, when the scroll operation is possible, it is considered that the scroll operation is performed so as to browse all on the web page. Operation can be recorded. Information necessary for the simulation, such as the operation method and the speed of the scroll operation, is recorded in the information storage unit 11-5 in advance, and an instruction is given from the information input unit 11-6 to operate.

  Next, in S46, the control unit 11-2 determines whether each display element is in a display state. Whether or not it is in a display state can be calculated using the size of the display window and the simulation result.

  In the present embodiment, screen shots of the screen are recorded in the information storage unit 11-5 at time intervals previously recorded in the information storage unit 11-5. For example, screen shots are recorded every 100 milliseconds. Whether the display element is displayed or not is determined every time a screen shot is recorded. The time measuring unit 11-8 notifies the control unit 11-2 of the timing of measurement. When the measurement timing (time) is notified, the control unit 11-2 acquires a screen shot from the display of the information output unit 11-7 and records it in the information storage unit 11-5. After recording the screen shot, the time measuring unit 11-8 starts measuring time until the next recording time.

  In S47, the control unit 11-2 calculates the attention score for each display element whose element type is “display state”. The calculation method is the same as. Note that the representation of video and moving images changes with time. From the screen shots at the respective recording times, absolute attributes are obtained using video and moving images as still images, and then the relative attributes are obtained by comparing the screen shots to calculate the attention score. The detailed calculation method is the same as in the first embodiment.

  When characters are displayed in a video or an image, it is possible to obtain what kind of characters are displayed using a character recognition technique and calculate a caution score for the characters.

  In S48, similarly to S26 of the first embodiment, the control unit 11-2 ranks the display elements in descending order of attention score. That is, the display elements are arranged in descending order of attention score.

  In S49, the information configuration unit 11-4 generates a simulation screen. Here, a method of changing the attention score according to the display time will be described. In other words, the elapsed time from the display is measured, and the attention score is changed according to the display time.

  This is to indicate that attention is drawn to something that is novel, but that attention is lost over time. In the first embodiment, the simulation screen is unchanged if there is no operation such as scrolling, no matter how long the display time elapses. However, in this embodiment, the simulation screen changes over time.

  The element newly displayed by scrolling, for example, “image3” in FIG. 13 is displayed after the scrolling operation, and then the attention score is reduced. The method of reducing the attention score may be different for each display element, or may be different for each attribute of the display element. Or you may change according to the combination of a display element and an attribute. The method of subtraction may be reduced linearly with the passage of time or may be changed in a quadratic series. These pieces of information may be recorded in advance in the information storage unit 1-5. If the degree of change in the attention score of each display element is different, there is a possibility that the order may change, so the simulation screen as shown in FIG. 15 changes from moment to moment.

[Third Embodiment]
A third embodiment will be described. The third embodiment is an embodiment that considers changes according to the passage of time. Further, the embodiment is an embodiment in which an operation of a web page by an arbitrary user is recorded and a caution score is calculated. In the second embodiment, the attention score is calculated after simulating the scroll operation. However, in the third embodiment, a simulation screen can be created by the same procedure as in the second embodiment. Since the user's operation is recorded and the attention score is calculated at regular time intervals, a simulation during the scrolling operation is also possible.

  The configuration of the attention area display system of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment (see FIG. 16).

  The operation of the attention area display system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Since S61 to S63 are the same as S41 to S43 (see FIG. 17) of the second embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted.

  In S64, the control unit 11-2 records the operation history of the web page by the user in the information storage unit 11-5. For example, the scroll operation can be performed from the screen as shown in FIG. 6 to the screen as shown in FIG. 13. If the user performs a scroll operation at that time, the operation is recorded.

  Next, in S65, the control unit 11-2 determines whether each display element is displayed. Whether it is displayed or not can be calculated using the size of the display window and the user's operation history.

  In the present embodiment, screen shots of the screen are recorded in the information storage unit 11-5 at time intervals previously recorded in the information storage unit 11-5. For example, screen shots are recorded every 100 milliseconds. Whether the display element is displayed or not is determined every time a screen shot is recorded. The time measuring unit 11-8 notifies the control unit 11-2 of the timing of measurement. When the measurement timing (time) is notified, the control unit 11-2 acquires a screen shot from the display of the information output unit 11-7 and records it in the information storage unit 11-5. After recording the screen shot, the time measuring unit 11-8 starts measuring time until the next recording time.

  In S66, the control unit 11-2 calculates the attention score for each display element whose element type is “display state”, and in S67, ranks each display element in descending order of the attention score. wear. In S68, the information configuration unit 1-4 generates a simulation screen.

  Thereby, the degree of the user's attention to the web page to be browsed can be estimated from the actual operation record of the user. Furthermore, web page operations by a plurality of users may be recorded, and an average may be taken as a caution score for an arbitrary element. Alternatively, the average may be calculated with a weight depending on the user's proficiency level of PC operation.

[Fourth Embodiment]
A fourth embodiment will be described. The fourth embodiment is an example in which an element to be conspicuous is recorded in advance, and a warning is issued when the element does not score more than an arbitrary attention score. When a user is browsing a web page, a warning is issued if attention is not directed to an element that needs attention. This makes it possible for the web content creator to notice that the design is such that the user is unaware of important elements to which attention should be directed.

  In the fourth embodiment, a caution score serving as a reference corresponding to each display element is recorded in advance in the information storage unit 11-5. This is called a set score (reference attention element). In this embodiment, the web page creator determines the attention score corresponding to each element as the setting score according to the intention of the web page production, and the user of the web page performs an operation in accordance with the intention. It is assumed to be used to determine whether or not

  For example, a case where it is desired to be aware of the send button will be described. In this embodiment, the attention score of each display element of the entire web page is calculated. If there is an element with a higher attention score than the transmission button on the same page, the attention score of the transmission button becomes lower due to the influence of the relative attribute. If it falls below the set score, the user may not be aware of the presence of the submit button, so a warning is given to the web author. Web authors can see the warning and modify the overall design of the Web page so that the attention score is appropriate.

  The configuration of the attention area display system of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment (see FIG. 16).

  The operation of the attention area display system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. S81 to S86 are the same as S61 to S66 (see FIG. 18) of the third embodiment, respectively, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  In S87, the control unit 11-2 (first output means) compares the set score of each display element recorded in advance in the information storage unit 11-5 with the calculated attention score of each display element. Then, it is determined whether or not there is a display element having a caution score lower than the set score. In addition, when comparing the setting score of each display element recorded in the information storage unit 11-5 in advance with the calculated attention score, the comparison may be performed every 100 milliseconds, and is a target. You may take an average with the time when a web page is displayed. This is useful when the attention score changes over time.

  If there is no display element that has a caution score lower than the set score (S87: NO), the processing ends. When there is a display element that has a caution score lower than the set score (S87: YES), the process proceeds to S88, and the control unit 11-2 displays warning information for the element that has a caution score lower than the set score. To do. Since the warning information display method knows the position information of the display element, it may be displayed superimposed on the display element on the web page, or the name of the element may be expressed by sound. Alternatively, the name of the display element is displayed in a list, a link is set, and the element can be specified by tracing the link.

  This warning is not displayed to the user, but is displayed to the creator of the web page. Therefore, no warning is displayed while the user is performing web operations. A display element that does not attract attention is acquired later from the user's operation history to analyze a web page. As a result, it is clear that an element created with the intention of requesting attention draws attention lower than the set score from the user's operation history. In that case, the web page creator can be a chance to redesign the web page.

[Fifth Embodiment]
A fifth embodiment will be described. In the fifth embodiment, the attention points are calculated separately for each display element in the display state and each display element in the non-display state in the web page, and the attention of the display element in the display state in the web page is calculated. This is an embodiment in which warning information is output when the highest score is smaller than the highest score of attention of a non-displayed display element.

  In a web page, there is a portion that is not displayed unless an operation such as scrolling is performed. Therefore, when there is an important display element in a portion that is not displayed, warning information is output to prompt the user to perform a scroll operation. Thereby, the possibility that the user misses important information can be reduced. The present embodiment is intended to support a user who browses a web page, and thereby allows the user to browse the web page being browsed to draw attention as intended by the creator.

  The configuration of the attention area display system of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment (see FIG. 16).

  The operation of the attention area display system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. S101 to S106 are the same as S61 to S66 (see FIG. 18) of the third embodiment, respectively, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  In S107, the control unit 1-2 (second output unit) determines whether or not there is an operation to end browsing of the web page when the display element with the highest score is not displayed on the web page. Specifically, if the display element with the highest caution score is not displayed among the display elements on the target web page, perform operations such as clicking on the display elements other than the highest score. This is the timing to move to a different page.

  In this case, since it is considered better to browse the display element having the highest attention score, a message as shown in FIG. 21, for example, is displayed to the user. In other words, the message “Important elements are not displayed. Check by scrolling” is displayed. Also, options such as “confirm by scrolling” and “move to another page as it is” are displayed, and the user can select a radio button. When the user selects “confirm by scrolling”, presses the send button, and displays an intention to confirm, the operation returns to the operation of the web page. If the user selects “Move to another page as it is” and displays an intention not to confirm, the previous click operation becomes valid and the user moves to another page.

  In this way, warning information is output when the display element having the highest attention score is not displayed, and the user can be prompted to browse.

  In each of the embodiments described above, it is possible to check whether the web page is easy to use for a user with a narrow attention range by estimating and displaying the attention range of the user with a narrow attention range. it can. In other words, it is possible to support the creation of web content designs with consideration for web accessibility.

  Specifically, it is easy to see the part where the user's attention is easy to see, and the other areas are difficult to see, so it is possible to grasp the information of the part where the user's attention is not suitable and Can be reproduced. That is, in consideration of the elderly user's attention, it is possible to clarify designs that are difficult for the elderly to obtain information and designs that are difficult to operate.

  In the present embodiment, a simulation image is generated that draws attention to a display element with a high attention score. As a result, the web page creator (designer) can grasp whether the web content is designed according to his / her intention, and can easily modify the web page into a design that is easy for the elderly to see. it can. In addition, it is possible to confirm whether there is important information or a link in an area where attention is difficult.

  Also, in the present embodiment, a series of operations by the user is recorded and the user's attention is displayed, so that there is no important information or link in an unattended area in the series of operations. Can be confirmed. If there is important information in areas where attention is not paid, it can be corrected.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when an element to which attention is to be directed is not displayed for an elderly user or the like, information can be transmitted by outputting warning information to prompt attention.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Many deformation | transformation are possible within the range of the summary.

1-1, 11-1: Transmitter / receiver
1-2, 11-2: Control unit
1-3, 11-3: Information analysis department
1-4, 11-4: Information component
1-5, 11-5: Information storage unit
1-6, 11-6: Information input section
1-7, 11-7: Information output section
11-8: Time measurement unit
1-101, 11-101: Caution area display system
1-102, 11-102: Web server
1-103, 11-103: Network

Claims (12)

An attention area display system for displaying an attention area of a web page,
Analyzing means for analyzing the structure of the web page and obtaining a plurality of display elements constituting the web page;
For each display element acquired by the analysis means, display determination means for determining whether the display state or the non-display state,
For each of the display elements, a calculation means for calculating a caution score which is an index representing the degree of caution of a person,
The caution area display system, wherein the calculation means calculates a caution score for each display element based on an absolute attribute that is an invariant attribute of the display element. The attention area display system according to claim 1,
The caution area display system, wherein the calculation means calculates a caution score for each display element based on a relative attribute that is a relative attribute of the display element. The attention area display system according to claim 1 or 2,
Rank determination means for ranking each display element using the attention score of each display element calculated by the calculation means;
An attention area display system, further comprising: generation means for generating a simulation image for noting an area of at least one display element having a high attention score based on the order determined by the order determination means. The attention area display system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The attention area display system, wherein the calculation means calculates attention scores of the display elements at predetermined time intervals. The attention area display system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The calculation means obtains a screen shot of the display by scroll operation at a predetermined time interval and records it in a storage means when not all of the web page is displayed on the display, and for each recorded screen shot, attention of each display element An attention area display system characterized by calculating a score. The attention area display system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The calculating means acquires screen shots of a display by a user's operation on the web page at a predetermined time interval and records them in a storage means, and calculates a caution score for each display element for each recorded screen shot. Attention area display system characterized by. The attention area display system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Storage means for recording a standard attention score as a standard for each display element;
The attention score of each display element calculated by the calculation means is compared with the reference attention score of each display element recorded in the storage means, and warning information is displayed for a display element with a attention score lower than the reference attention score. And a first output means for outputting the attention area display system. The attention area display system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A second output means for outputting warning information for prompting a scroll operation when the highest attention score among the attention scores of the display elements calculated by the calculation means is not displayed. Attention area display system. An attention area display system for displaying an attention area of a web page performed by a computer,
The computer
An analysis step of analyzing the structure of the web page and obtaining a plurality of display elements constituting the web page;
For each display element acquired in the analysis step, a display determination step for determining whether it is a display state or a non-display state;
For each of the display elements, a calculation step of calculating a caution score, which is an index representing the degree of human attention,
The calculation step includes calculating an attention score for each display element based on an absolute attribute that is an invariant attribute of the display element. The attention area display method according to claim 9,
The calculation step includes calculating a caution score for each display element based on a relative attribute that is a relative attribute of the display element. The attention area display method according to claim 9 or 10,
A ranking determination step of ranking each display element using the attention score of each display element calculated in the calculation step;
A caution area display method, further comprising: generating a simulation image in which an area of at least one display element having a high caution score is noted based on the rank determined in the rank determination step.   A caution area display program for causing a computer to execute the caution area display method according to any one of claims 9 to 11.