JP2012013350A - Hot-water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a hot water heating apparatus that reduces power consumption at the time of high water inlet temperature and has an excellent coefficient of performance.
A heat pump in which a compressor 1, a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger (7, 8), a decompression device 3, and a refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4 are sequentially connected is used as a heating means, and the refrigerant-to-water heat is used. A plurality of exchangers (7, 8) are connected in series, and a bypass path 18 for bypassing one of the plurality of refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers (7, 8) is provided. By adjusting the amount of heat exchange of the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger and the amount of refrigerant in the cooling system when the heat load fluctuates, the hot water heater suppresses the increase in refrigerant discharge refrigerant pressure and increases power consumption. It is possible to provide a hot water heater that suppresses deterioration of operating efficiency to a minimum.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water heating apparatus that heats and uses water.

  At present, there are many types of hot water heaters that use water, gas, electric heaters, or kerosene to heat water. However, in view of the recent demand for energy efficiency, hot water heaters that use heat pumps Is gradually spreading to ordinary households.

  The block diagram of the conventional warm water heating apparatus is shown in FIG. When the heating operation is performed by the hot water heater using the heat pump, the refrigerant heated to high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 1 in the outdoor unit 6 is installed in the indoor unit 15 from the four-way valve 2 through the connection pipe 17. The refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 19 exchanges heat with water sent from the hot water use means 16 such as a hot water storage tank or a floor heating panel by the circulation pump 11.

  As a result, the water is heated to hot water, and at the same time, the refrigerant temperature decreases. The hot water is returned to the hot water utilization means 16 and stored in a hot water storage tank or the room is heated by a floor heating panel. The refrigerant that has fallen in temperature changes to a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase flow through the decompression device 3, and is sent to the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4 in the outdoor unit 6 through the connection pipe 17.

  In the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4, the internal refrigerant is evaporated and vaporized by forcibly removing heat from the atmosphere by the blower fan 5. The vaporized refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 again from the four-way valve 2 and heated to high temperature and high pressure to heat the water again.

  When the operation is continued in a region where the outside air temperature is low, since the temperature of the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4 is below the freezing point, moisture in the atmosphere adheres to the surface of the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4 as frost, and the heating capacity Reduce. In order to remove this frost, a defrosting operation is performed every predetermined time or when a predetermined temperature of the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4 is reached, and the temperature of the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4 is increased to remove the frost. Remove and perform heating operation again.

  During the defrosting operation, the temperature is raised by sending the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant heated by the compressor 1 to the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4 by switching the four-way valve 2. The refrigerant heat-exchanged in the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4 changes to a low-temperature / low-pressure two-phase flow through the decompression device 3, and the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger in the indoor unit 15 through the connection pipe 17. The refrigerant inside is evaporated and vaporized by exchanging heat with water. The vaporized refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 again through the connection pipe 17 through the four-way valve 2, and is melted again by being heated to high temperature and high pressure (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-82653 A

  However, when the amount of heat used by the hot water utilization means decreases, the temperature of the water returning to the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger changes to a high level, so that the discharge refrigerant pressure of the compressor increases and the power consumption increases. At the same time, there is a problem that driving efficiency deteriorates.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and adjusts the heat exchange amount of the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger and the refrigerant amount in the cooling system when the heat load fluctuates, thereby reducing the discharge refrigerant pressure of the compressor. An object of the present invention is to provide a hot water heating apparatus that suppresses an increase in power consumption and suppresses deterioration in operating efficiency to a minimum.

  In order to solve the conventional problems, the hot water heating apparatus of the present invention uses a heat pump in which a compressor, a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger, a decompression device, and a refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger are sequentially connected as heating means, A plurality of the refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers are connected in series, and a bypass path for bypassing one of the plurality of refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers is provided. By adjusting the amount of heat exchange of the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger and the amount of refrigerant in the cooling system at the time of fluctuations, it is possible to suppress an increase in the refrigerant pressure discharged from the compressor, to suppress an increase in power consumption and to deteriorate operating efficiency. It is possible to provide a hot water heater that is minimized.

  According to the present invention, by adjusting the heat exchange amount of the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger and the refrigerant amount in the cooling system when the heat load fluctuates, the increase in the discharge refrigerant pressure of the compressor is suppressed and the power consumption increases. In addition, it is possible to provide a hot water heater that suppresses deterioration of operating efficiency to a minimum.

The block diagram of the hot water heating apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention Configuration diagram of a conventional hot water heater

  1st invention uses the heat pump which connected the compressor, the refrigerant | coolant-to-water heat exchanger, the decompression device, and the refrigerant | coolant-to-air heat exchanger sequentially as a heating means, and the said refrigerant | coolant-to-water heat exchanger is plurally connected in series. A hot water heating apparatus comprising a bypass path that bypasses one of the plurality of refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers and is connected to the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger when the heat load fluctuates By adjusting the amount of heat exchange and the amount of refrigerant in the cooling system, we provide a hot water heater that suppresses the increase in compressor discharge refrigerant pressure, suppresses power consumption, and minimizes deterioration in operating efficiency. it can.

  The second invention is characterized in that a three-way valve is provided at the connecting portion of the bypass path, and the heat exchange amount and the refrigerant amount can be changed when the heat load fluctuates.

  The third invention is characterized in that the three-way valve is operated based on the temperature of water entering the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger, and is more appropriate based on the water temperature before heating, which is a heat load. The amount of heat exchange and the amount of refrigerant can be adjusted.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hot water heating apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

The hot water heater includes an outdoor unit 6 including a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a pressure reducing device 3, a refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4, a blower fan 5, a first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 7, and a second refrigerant. Consists of an indoor unit 15 comprising a heat exchanger 8 for water, a three-way valve A9 for refrigerant circuit switching, a three-way valve B10 for refrigerant circuit switching, a circulation pump 11, an incoming water temperature detecting means 12, an outlet water temperature detecting means 13, and a control means 14. Is done. Hot water utilization means 16 such as a hot water storage tank and a floor heating panel is connected to the water circulation path of the indoor unit 15.

  The incoming water temperature detecting means 12 detects the water temperature returning from the hot water utilization means 16 to the first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 7, and the outgoing water temperature detecting means 13 detects the second refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 8. The temperature of the water that comes out is detected. The control means 14 controls the operating frequency of the compressor 1, the opening degree of the decompression device 3, the rotational speed of the blower fan 5, the flow path switching of the refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve A9, the refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve B10, and the like. .

  In the hot water heating apparatus, the high-temperature and high-pressure superheated gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is installed in the indoor unit 15 from the four-way valve 2 through the connection pipe 17 in the first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger. 7, where the water sent from the hot water utilization means 16 via the circulation pump 11 is heated.

  The high-temperature / high-pressure superheated gas refrigerant undergoes heat exchange in the first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 7 to lower the temperature and liquefy. When the incoming water temperature detection means 12 detects a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature (for example, 50 ° C.), the refrigerant is sent to the second refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 8 via the refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve A9. Exchange heat with water.

  The liquefied refrigerant is decompressed by the decompression device 3 again from the refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve B10 through the connection pipe 15, and flows into the refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 4, where it absorbs atmospheric heat to evaporate and gasify, Return to the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2. On the other hand, the high-temperature water heated by the first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 7 and the second refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 8 is sent to the hot water utilization means 16 and used as a heat source for hot water supply or heating as needed. Is done.

  Here, if the heat utilization in the hot water utilization means 16 decreases, the temperature of the heated high-temperature water will return to the first refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 7 without much lowering. When the incoming water temperature detection means 12 detects a predetermined temperature (for example, 50 ° C.) or higher, the control means 14 switches the refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve A9 and the refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve B10 to convert a certain amount of refrigerant into the second refrigerant. While being held in the heat exchanger 8 for water, other refrigerants are sent to the decompressor 3 via the bypass path 18 without passing through the second heat exchanger 8 for water.

  Generally, when the incoming water temperature becomes high, the refrigerant discharge pressure and the refrigerant discharge temperature of the compressor 1 increase, so that the power consumption increases and the coefficient of performance (hereinafter referred to as COP) of the entire system continues to deteriorate. In this embodiment, when the incoming water temperature becomes high, a part of the refrigerant can be forcibly removed from the refrigeration cycle, so that it is possible to suppress an increase in the refrigerant discharge pressure and the refrigerant discharge temperature. An increase in power can be suppressed. As a result, COP at a high incoming water temperature can be improved as compared with the prior art, and it is possible to provide a hot water heater excellent in energy saving.

  In the present embodiment, the refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve A and the refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve B are arranged before and after the second refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger. Even if it is installed before and after the heat exchanger for water, the same effect can be obtained.

  Note that the various materials and numerical values shown in this embodiment are not necessarily limited to these, and there is no problem with other materials and numerical values as long as they can play a predetermined role.

  As described above, the hot water heating apparatus according to the present invention can be operated by adjusting the amount of refrigerant according to the load variation, and therefore can be applied to all products that heat water using a refrigeration cycle. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 3 Pressure reducing device 4 Refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger 7 First refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 8 Second refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger 9 Refrigerant circuit switching three-way valve A
10 Three-way valve B for refrigerant circuit switching
12 Inlet water temperature detection means 18 Bypass route

Claims (3)

A heat pump in which a compressor, a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger, a decompression device, and a refrigerant-to-air heat exchanger are sequentially connected is used as a heating means, and a plurality of the refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers are connected in series. A hot water heating apparatus comprising a bypass path for bypassing one of the plurality of refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers. The hot water heater according to claim 1, wherein a three-way valve is provided at a connection portion of the bypass path. The hot water heater according to claim 2, wherein the three-way valve is operated based on a temperature of incoming water to the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger.

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