JP2012054381A - Solar power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar power generation system that reduces power consumption for controlling a light-receiving surface to track the sun, thereby generating electricity with high efficiency.SOLUTION: A control circuit controls expansion and contraction of a derricking cylinder 15 by controlling operation of a solenoid valve 53 for derricking changeover control and a first oil hydraulic circuit 56 based on height data on the sun culmination on a specified day for each set period. With this control, the inclination of a solar cell panel is adjusted such that, when the sun is at the longitude of the location where the panel is placed and the light-receiving surface is oriented to due south, the incident angle of sunlight to the light-receiving surface is perpendicular to the elevation angle direction of the sun on the specified day. Furthermore, the control circuit intermittently controls operation of a solenoid valve 54 for rotation changeover control and a second oil hydraulic circuit 57 at each set time period from sunrise to sunset with an inclination angle of the solar cell panel on a specified day maintained for a set period, thereby controlling expansion and contraction of a rotating cylinder. With this control, the light-receiving surface of the solar cell panel is moved to track the orientation of the sun.

Description

  The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system in which the light-receiving surface of a solar cell panel is tracked by the sun.

  Generally, the power generation efficiency of a solar cell panel depends on the incident angle of sunlight with respect to the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel. In order to increase the power generation efficiency of this solar cell panel, it is known that the incident angle of the solar cell panel and the solar beam should be perpendicular.

  However, in the photovoltaic power generation system, there are many cases in which the solar cell panel is fixedly attached to a frame or a roof surface of a building. In this case, the sunlight incident on the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel has a small incident angle in the morning and the power generation efficiency is significantly reduced.

  In order to increase the power generation efficiency of such solar panel, an automatic solar tracking system that makes the solar panel follow the movement of the sun so that the solar rays are always perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the solar panel. Have been developed.

  In this solar light automatic tracking system, the solar cell panel is driven and controlled by the tilt angle adjusting means and the azimuth angle adjusting means based on the information on the position of the sun (elevation angle and azimuth angle of the sun), and the light reception of the solar cell panel The one whose surface is perpendicular to the sunlight is known.

  For example, as an automatic solar tracking system, a frame is rotatably attached to the upper end portion of a base in a state where a first support shaft fixed to the frame is horizontal, and the first support shaft is attached to an inclination angle adjusting means. By providing the first drive motor so that it can be rotated, the frame body is provided so as to be adjustable in inclination, and the solar cell panel is rotatably attached to the frame body with a panel support shaft orthogonal to the first support shaft, It is known that the panel support shaft is provided so that the azimuth angle of the solar cell panel can be adjusted by being provided so as to be rotationally driven by a second drive motor which is an azimuth angle adjusting means (for example, see Patent Document 1). ).

  Further, as an automatic solar tracking system, a panel support member is attached to a rotating base that rotates horizontally, and this rotating base is provided so as to be driven to rotate horizontally by an azimuth adjusting means comprising a horizontal rotating motor and a first reduction mechanism. The solar cell panel is attached to the panel support member so as to rotate up and down so that the inclination angle of the light receiving surface changes, and the solar cell panel is driven to rotate up and down by an inclination angle adjusting means including an inclination adjustment motor and a second speed reduction mechanism. It is also known that the solar light is perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel by enabling the horizontal rotation motor and the tilt adjustment motor to be provided and controlling the operation (for example, Patent Documents). 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-281058 JP 2010-40779 A

  However, in the conventional solar automatic tracking system as described above, the respective motors of the inclination adjusting means and the azimuth angle adjusting means are always operated and controlled so that the solar rays are always perpendicular to the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel. Therefore, it tends to consume a lot of electric power for control. It is desirable to reduce power consumption for such control as much as possible.

  Therefore, the present invention reduces power consumption for controlling the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel to follow the sun sufficiently less than a system that constantly controls the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel to the sun, thereby generating highly efficient power generation. It aims at providing the photovoltaic power generation system which can be performed.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention attaches to the panel mounting portion of the panel installation place so that the inclination of the light receiving surface in the south direction and the direction in the east-west direction can be adjusted and the inclination and the direction can be detected by an angle meter. A solar cell panel and a recording means for recording solar position data including the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun with respect to the elapsed time from sunrise to sunset of the panel installation place for the year, and data for obtaining the same. An undulation cylinder that is driven to extend and contract by the first hydraulic circuit to adjust the inclination angle of the solar cell panel, and an azimuth angle in the east-west direction of the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel that is driven to extend and contract by the second hydraulic circuit. A swing cylinder to be adjusted, and an operation control of the first hydraulic circuit based on the data recorded in the recording means to control expansion and contraction of the undulating cylinder. Adjusting the inclination of the solar cell panel in the south direction, and controlling the expansion and contraction of the swivel cylinder by operating and controlling the second hydraulic circuit based on the data recorded in the recording means. A solar power generation system comprising: a control unit that causes the light-receiving surface of the solar cell panel to follow the sun from sunrise to sunset, and a compressed gas supply source that generates compressed gas; and the pressure of the compressed gas is hydraulically A first pressure converting means for converting and supplying the first hydraulic circuit to the first hydraulic circuit; a second pressure converting means for converting the pressure of the compressed gas to a hydraulic pressure and supplying the hydraulic pressure to the second hydraulic circuit; and the control And a tilt control solenoid valve for generating an oil flow that switches the expansion and contraction direction of the undulation cylinder, and the swing control is controlled by the control means. A solenoid valve for turning control that generates a flow of oil that switches the expansion and contraction direction of the solder, and the control means is configured such that the sun is positioned on the meridian of the panel installation place on a specified date for each set period. The solar south-middle altitude data is read from the data recorded in the recording means, and the tilt control electromagnetic valve and the first hydraulic circuit are controlled based on the read solar south-middle altitude data, and the undulation is performed. By controlling the expansion and contraction of the cylinder, when the light receiving surface is directed to the south when the sun is positioned on the meridian at the panel installation location, the incident angle of the sunlight to the light receiving surface is the sun on the specified date. While the inclination of the solar cell panel is adjusted so as to be perpendicular to the elevation angle direction, the inclination angle of the solar cell panel on the specified date is maintained within the set period. In this state, the turning control solenoid valve and the second hydraulic circuit are intermittently controlled every time set from sunrise to sunset to control expansion and contraction of the turning cylinder. The surface is made to follow the direction of the sun.

  According to this configuration, the power consumption for controlling the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel to follow the sun is sufficiently less than that of the system that always controls the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel to the sun, thereby generating highly efficient power generation. It can be carried out.

It is a front view of the photovoltaic power generation system concerning this invention. It is a top view of the photovoltaic power generation system of FIG. It is a side view of the solar power generation system of FIG. It is a top view of the fixed base of the solar power generation unit of FIG. It is action | operation explanatory drawing when carrying out inclination adjustment of the solar cell panel of the solar power generation unit of FIG. It is action | operation explanatory drawing of the orientation adjustment of a solar cell panel when the solar power generation unit of FIG. 3 is seen from the north side. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the sunlight in the morning and a solar cell panel. It is a fluid pressure circuit diagram used for the photovoltaic power generation system of FIG. It is action | operation explanatory drawing of the solenoid valve for undulation switching control of FIG. 8, and the solenoid valve for turning switching control. It is action | operation explanatory drawing of the solenoid valve for undulation switching control of FIG. 8, and the solenoid valve for turning switching control. FIG. 9 is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part of the hydraulic circuit in FIG. 8. FIG. 4 is a schematic layout diagram of an azimuth angle meter and an inclination angle meter of the solar battery panel of the solar power generation unit of FIG. 3. It is a schematic wiring explanatory drawing of the control apparatus of the solar power generation unit of FIG. It is a control circuit diagram of the control apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the sunrise, sunset of the sun of the winter solstice and the summer solstice in an example of the longitude of a sun installation place, and a latitude. It is explanatory drawing of the elevation angle of the sunlight of the winter solstice and the summer solstice when the sun moves on the meridian of the solar installation place of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Constitution]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an installation example of a photovoltaic power generation system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is the ground of the panel installation place, 2 is a plurality of base mounting posts 2 fixed vertically on the ground 1 vertically, and 3 is a panel mounting base fixed horizontally on the base mounting post 2. is there.

  On this panel installation base 3, a plurality of solar power generation units P1 to P5 are arranged at intervals. Since the solar power generation units P1 to P5 have the same configuration, the solar power generation unit P1 will be described below, and the description of the solar power generation units P2 to P5 will be omitted.

  This solar power generation unit P1 (P2 to P5) includes a fixed base 4 (see FIG. 4) detachably fixed on the panel mounting base 3 shown in FIG. 1, and a panel support disposed on the fixed base 4. It has the solar cell panel 6 attached on the fixed base 4 via the apparatus 5 and the panel support apparatus (panel support part) 5. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of solar power generation units P1 to P5 are arranged in series toward the east-west direction. However, they are arranged in series in the north-south direction depending on the installation location, or arranged vertically and horizontally in the east-west-north-north direction. Can be.

Each solar cell panel 6 is formed by arranging and fixing a plurality of solar cell modules 7a vertically and horizontally on a panel frame 7 shown in FIG. 3 as shown in FIG.
<Panel support device 5>
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the panel support device 5 includes a panel mounting column (panel mounting portion) 8 that extends vertically, and a fixed panel supporting column that is fixed to the panel mounting column 8 at an interval on the north side. (Panel support part which is a stopper) 9 is provided. The upper end of the panel mounting column 8 is integrally provided with a fixing bracket 10 formed with mounting plates 10a and 10a (see FIG. 7) spaced in the east-west direction (in FIG. 3 and FIG. The direction perpendicular to the direction is the east-west direction).

  Further, the panel support device 5 is a panel rotation drive for supporting the solar cell panel 6 on the panel mounting column 8 so as to be tiltable in the direction along the meridian and rotatable in the east-west direction as shown in FIGS. It has a mechanism 11.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the panel rotation drive mechanism 11 includes a tilt angle adjusting mechanism 12 that supports the solar panel 6 on the panel mounting column 8 so that the solar panel 6 can be tilted and adjusted in the direction along the meridian, and the solar panel. 6 has an azimuth angle adjusting mechanism 13 that supports the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 12 so as to be rotatable in the east-west direction.
(Inclination angle adjustment mechanism 12)
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 12 includes a panel tilt mechanism 14 that allows the solar panel 6 to tilt in the north-south direction, and a hoisting cylinder (panel tilt drive) that drives the panel tilt mechanism 14. Means) 15.
-Panel tilt mechanism 14
The panel tilting mechanism 14 has a first support frame (tilt adjustment frame) 16 extending in the north-south direction. One end portion (south end portion) of the first support frame 16 is disposed between the mounting plate portions 10a and 10a of the fixed bracket 10 as shown in FIGS.

Further, the panel tilting mechanism 14 has a frame mounting shaft 18 that supports one end portion (south end portion) of the first support frame 16 on the panel mounting column 8. The frame mounting shaft 18 extends in the east-west direction, and passes through the mounting plate portions 10a and 10a and one end portion (south end portion) of the first support frame 16 so that the first support frame 16 can be rotated up and down. I support it. As a result, the first support frame 16 has the other end portion (north end portion) 16b of the first support frame 16 pivoted up and down around the frame mounting shaft 18, and the meridian of the panel installation point (panel installation location) Is supported by the upper end portion of the panel mounting column 8 so that the tilt angle is adjusted.
・ Rolling cylinder 15
Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the hoisting cylinder 15 has a cylinder body 15a disposed vertically and a piston rod 15b that protrudes upward and downward from the upper end of the cylinder body 15a. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the hoisting cylinder 15 has a piston 15e that is fitted and disposed in the cylinder body 15a so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction and partitions the inside into oil chambers 15c and 15d. The piston rod 15b is provided integrally with the piston 15e.

Also, a cylinder mounting projection 19 is integrally provided on the lower surface of the first support frame 16 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5 so as to be located in the middle (center in the figure) in the longitudinal direction (north-south direction). The base 3 is provided with a cylinder mounting projection 20 positioned below the cylinder mounting projection 19. An upper end portion of the piston rod 15b is rotatably attached to the cylinder attachment protrusion 19 via a cylinder support shaft 21 extending horizontally in the east-west direction, and a lower end portion of the cylinder body 15a is attached to the cylinder attachment protrusion 20. It is rotatably attached via a cylinder support shaft 22 that extends horizontally in the east-west direction.
(Azimuth angle adjustment mechanism 13)
The azimuth adjusting mechanism 13 includes a panel turning mechanism 23 that allows the solar panel 6 to turn in the east-west direction with respect to the panel tilting mechanism 14 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, and the panel turning mechanism 23. A revolving cylinder (panel revolving drive means) 24 is provided.

Note that a first shaft support protrusion (an axis support protrusion on the tilt adjustment frame side) 25 protruding upward is integrally provided at one end portion (south end portion) 16 a of the first support frame 16 of the panel tilt mechanism 14. In addition, a second shaft support protrusion (shaft support protrusion on the tilt adjustment frame side) 26 protruding upward is integrally provided at the other end portion (north end portion) 16 b of the first support frame 16. Further, a support arm 27 that protrudes downward perpendicularly to the surface of the other end portion 16b of the first support frame 16 is integrally provided, and a shaft support that protrudes northward is provided at the lower end portion of the support arm 27. The cylinder part 28 is provided integrally.
・ Panel turning mechanism 23
The panel turning mechanism 23 is integrated with a second support frame (swivel frame) 29 extending in the north-south direction along the upper surface of the first support frame 16 and one end (south end) 29a of the second support frame 29. The first bracket 30 provided on the second support frame 29 and the second bracket 31 provided integrally with the other end (north end) 29b of the second support frame 29 are provided.

  The first bracket 30 has a lower end portion (swivel frame side shaft support projection) located on the south side of the first shaft support projection 25, and the second bracket 31 has a lower end portion (swivel frame side shaft support projection). Is located on the north side of the second shaft support protrusion 26. Moreover, the lower surface of the panel frame 7 of the solar cell panel 6 is fixed to the second support frame 29 at the center in the width direction (east-west direction). 6 is provided on the lower surface of the panel frame 7 so as to be located on the side of the other end portion (north end portion) of the second support frame 29 in FIG.

The panel turning mechanism 23 has a turning shaft 33 that extends north and south along the first and second support frames 16 and 29. One end of the pivot shaft 33 passes through the first bracket 30 and the first shaft support protrusion 25, and the other end passes through the second bracket 31 and the second shaft support protrusion 26. At the same time, the first bracket 30 is rotatably held by the first shaft support protrusion 25, and the second bracket 31 is rotatably held by the second shaft support protrusion 26.
・ Swivel cylinder 24
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the revolving cylinder 24 includes a cylinder body 24 a disposed vertically and a piston rod 24 b that protrudes upward and downward from the upper end of the cylinder body 24 a. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the turning cylinder 24 has a piston 24e that is fitted and disposed in the cylinder body 24a so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction and partitions the inside into oil chambers 24c and 24d. The piston rod 24b is provided integrally with the piston 24e.

An upper end portion of the piston rod 24b is rotatably attached to the cylinder support protrusion 32 via a cylinder support shaft 34 in FIG. 6, and a lower end portion of the cylinder body 24a is connected to the cylinder support shaft 28 in the shaft support cylinder portion 28. It is rotatably attached via 35. The cylinder support shafts 34 and 35 extend in parallel with the second support frame 29 and the solar cell panel 6.
<< Cylinder operation control device >>
The hoisting cylinder 15 and the turning cylinder 24 described above are controlled by a cylinder operation control device (reference number omitted) so that the solar cell panel 6 follows the sun. The cylinder operation control device includes the fluid pressure circuit 40 shown in FIG. 8 and the control device 41 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 for controlling the operation of the fluid pressure circuit 40.
<Fluid pressure circuit 40>
The fluid pressure circuit 40 includes an oil pressure / pneumatic pressure converting means 42 for undulation control (for adjusting an inclination angle) for converting air pressure (compressed gas pressure) into oil pressure (incompressible fluid pressure), and air pressure (compressed gas pressure). ) Is converted to hydraulic pressure (incompressible hydraulic pressure), and hydraulic pressure / pneumatic pressure conversion means 43 for turning control (for adjusting the azimuth angle) is provided.

The fluid pressure circuit 40 includes a pneumatic circuit (compressed gas pressure circuit as a compressed gas supply source) 44 that supplies compressed air (compressed gas) to the hydraulic / pneumatic pressure conversion means 42 and 43, and hydraulic / pneumatic pressure. A hydraulic control circuit 45 for cylinder drive control that controls the undulation cylinder 15 and the swing cylinder 24 with hydraulic pressure from the conversion means 42 and 43 is provided.
(Hydraulic / pneumatic pressure converting means 42 for undulation control)
The hydraulic control / pneumatic pressure conversion means 42 for undulation control has hydraulic pressure / pneumatic converters (first and second pressure converters) 46, 47 for small undulations of 40 liters or less.

The hydraulic / pneumatic converter 46 includes a cylinder body (pressurized tank) 46a and a free piston 46b that is slidably fitted in the cylinder body 46a in the longitudinal direction. The free piston 46b divides the inside of the cylinder body 46a into a gas chamber 46c and an oil chamber 46d. The hydraulic / pneumatic converter 47 has a cylinder body 47a and a free piston 47b fitted in the cylinder body 47a so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction. The free piston 47b partitions the cylinder body 47a into a gas chamber 47c and an oil chamber 47d.
(Hydraulic / pneumatic pressure converting means 43 for turning control)
The turning control hydraulic / pneumatic pressure conversion means 43 includes turning hydraulic / pneumatic converters (third and fourth pressure converters) 48 and 49 of 40 liters or less.

The hydraulic / pneumatic converter 48 includes a cylinder body (pressurized tank) 48a and a free piston 48b that is slidably fitted in the cylinder body 48a in the longitudinal direction. The free piston 48b divides the cylinder body 48a into a gas chamber 48c and an oil chamber 48d. The hydraulic / pneumatic converter 49 includes a cylinder body 49a and a free piston 49b that is slidably fitted in the cylinder body 49a in the longitudinal direction. The free piston 49b divides the cylinder body 49a into a gas chamber 49c and an oil chamber 49d.
(Pneumatic circuit 44)
This pneumatic circuit 44 is a filter regulator 52 in which compressed air from an air compressor 50 serving as an air pressure generator (compressed gas generation source), a filter 52a and a regulator 52b are integrated, and a solenoid valve for undulation switching control (inclination). A solenoid valve for control 53 and a solenoid valve for turning control (turning control solenoid valve) 54. The compressed air from the air compressor 50 is supplied to the undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 and the turning switching control electromagnetic valve 54 via the electromagnetic valve 51 and the filter regulator 52. A 5-port 2-position switching solenoid valve is used as the undulation switching control solenoid valve 53 and the turning switching control solenoid valve 54.

  The undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 switches and supplies the compressed air supplied from the filter regulator 52 to the gas chamber 46 c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 46 and the gas chamber 47 c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 47. It has become. Incidentally, a metering valve 53a with a silencer is connected to each of the two R ports of the undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 as shown in FIG.

  Then, the undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 discharges the air in the gas chamber 47c to the atmosphere from one of the two metering valves 53a and 53a at the position where compressed air is supplied to the gas chamber 46c as shown in FIG. 9A. 9, the air in the gas chamber 46c is discharged from the other of the two metering valves 53a and 53a to the atmosphere at a position where compressed air is supplied to the gas chamber 47c.

Further, the swing switching control electromagnetic valve 54 switches and supplies the compressed air supplied from the filter regulator 52 to the gas chamber 48 c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 48 and the gas chamber 49 c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 49. It has become. A metering valve 54a with a silencer is connected to each of the two R ports of the solenoid valve 54 for turning control. Then, the swirl switching control electromagnetic valve 54 discharges the air in the gas chamber 49c to the atmosphere from one of the two metering valves 54a and 54a at a position where compressed air is supplied to the gas chamber 48c as shown in FIG. 9A. 9, the air in the gas chamber 48c is discharged to the atmosphere from the other of the two metering valves 54a and 54a at a position where compressed air is supplied to the gas chamber 49c.
(Hydraulic control circuit 45)
The hydraulic control circuit 45 includes a first hydraulic circuit 56 that controls the operation of the hoisting cylinder 15 and a second hydraulic circuit 57 that controls the operation of the swing cylinder 24 as shown in FIGS.
First hydraulic circuit 56
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the first hydraulic circuit 56 includes an oil passage 58 that connects the oil chamber 46d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 46 and the oil chamber 15c of the hoisting cylinder 15, and the hydraulic / pneumatic pressure. An oil passage 59 that communicates between the oil chamber 47 d of the converter 47 and the oil chamber 15 d of the hoisting cylinder 15 is provided.

In the middle of the oil passage 58, a flow rate adjustment valve 58a for adjusting the flow rate of the working oil and an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 58b for opening / closing the oil passage 58 are provided. A ball valve 58c is interposed in parallel with the on-off valve 58b. A flow rate adjusting valve 59a for adjusting the flow rate of the working oil and an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 59b for opening / closing the oil passage 59 are provided in the middle of the oil passage 59. A ball valve 59c is interposed in parallel with the on-off valve 59b.
Second hydraulic circuit 57
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the second hydraulic circuit 57 includes an oil passage 60 that connects the oil chamber 48d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 48 and the oil chamber 24c of the swing cylinder 24, and the hydraulic / pneumatic converter. 49 has an oil passage 61 for communicating the 49 oil chambers 49d with the oil chamber 24d of the revolving cylinder 24. In the middle of the oil passage 60, a flow rate adjusting valve 60a for adjusting the flow rate of the working oil and an electromagnetic on-off valve 60b for opening and closing the oil passage 60 are provided. A ball valve 60c is interposed in parallel with the on-off valve 60b. Further, in the middle of the oil passage 61, a flow rate adjusting valve 61a for adjusting the flow rate of the working oil and an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 61b for opening and closing the oil passage 61 are provided. A ball valve 61c is interposed in parallel with the on-off valve 61b.
(Control device 41)
The control device 41 includes a follow-up angle detection unit 62 that detects the sun follow-up angle and the like of the solar cell panel 6 shown in FIG.

  The follow-up angle detection means 62 includes a panel inclination angle meter 63 that detects the inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6 in the meridian direction, and a panel orientation angle meter 64 that detects the azimuth angle of the solar cell panel 6 in the east-west direction (see FIG. 11). A rotary encoder or the like is used for the panel inclination angle meter 63 and the panel azimuth angle meter 64.

  In this case, the panel inclination angle meter 63 is fixed to the fixing bracket 10 described above, and the frame mounting shaft 18 described above is provided integrally with the first support frame 16, and the rotation angle of the frame mounting shaft 18 is set to the panel. By detecting with the inclination angle meter 63, the inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6 in the meridian direction can be detected with the panel inclination angle meter 63. In addition, the panel azimuth meter 64 is fixed to one end of the first support frame 16 described above, and the pivot shaft 33 described above is fixed to the first and second brackets 30, 31 of the second support frame 29. The panel azimuth meter 64 can detect the azimuth angle of the solar panel 6 in the east-west direction by detecting the rotation angle of the turning shaft 33 with the panel azimuth meter 64. In addition to the rotary encoder, a potentiometer or the like can be used for the panel tilt angle meter 63 and the panel azimuth angle meter 64.

  Moreover, the control apparatus 41 has the control panel 65 as shown in FIG. The control panel 65 is provided with a power lamp 66, an automatic lamp 67, an abnormality lamp 68, a manual horizontal push button switch 69, and a return push button switch 70. In addition, in the control panel 65, a circuit board (not shown) having the control circuit (control means) 71 shown in FIG. 13 and a number of other operation switches such as a power switch and a manual switch for starting automatic control are provided. The operation panel 72 shown in FIG. 13 is provided.

  The control circuit 71 shown in FIG. 13 receives a tilt angle detection signal from the panel tilt angle meter 63 and an orientation angle detection signal from the panel orientation angle meter 64, and a manual horizontal pushbutton switch 69 and a return pushbutton switch 70. The operation signal from is input.

  Further, the filter regulator 52 shown in FIGS. 8 and 13 is provided with a first pressure sensor 52c for detecting the compressed air pressure. The undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 is provided with a gas chamber 47c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 47. A second pressure sensor 73 for detecting pressure is connected. The pressure detection signals from the first pressure sensor 52 c and the second pressure sensor 73 are input to the control circuit 71. Further, the control circuit 71 controls the operation of the electromagnetic valve 51, the undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53, the turning switching control electromagnetic valve 54, the electromagnetic on-off valves 58b, 59b, 60b, 61b and the like.

  In FIG. 13, when the valve group of such electromagnetic on-off valves 58b, 59b, 60b, 61b is G, the valve group G is provided for each of the solar power generation units P1 to P5. Moreover, the valve groove G provided for each of P1 to P5 is controlled based on the angle detection signal of the follow-up angle detection means 62 in FIG.

An anemometer 74 is installed at or near the panel installation location, and an anemometer detection signal from the anemometer 74 is input to the control circuit 71. 75 is a data recording device (data recording means) for recording solar position data, and is connected to the control circuit 71. The data recording device 75 can be a magnetic recording / reproducing device (hard disk or magneto-optical desk device), memory (storage means), SSD, or the like. As the data recording device 75, an indoor personal computer or the like, a magnetic recording / reproducing device (hard disk or magneto-optical desk device) connected thereto, a memory (storage means), an SSD, or the like can be used. In the data recording device 75, solar position data including the elapsed time from sunrise to sunset of the panel installation point for the year at the installation location of the solar battery panel 6 and the azimuth and elevation angle of the sun associated with the elapsed time. It is recorded. The control circuit 71 has a calendar and clock function and can know the date and time.
[Action]
Next, the operation of the photovoltaic power generation system having such a configuration will be described.
i. Solar position data (Sun azimuth angle data)
FIG. 14 shows an example of the installation place (panel installation place) Ps of the solar power generation system (solar cell panel 6) as north latitude (latitude) 34.350, east longitude (longitude) 134.050, altitude 0 m (Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture) 2 shows the change in the position of the sun accompanying the change in the azimuth angle of the sun Sn in the sun position data in FIG. The changes in the position of the sun in FIG. 14 are for the winter solstice (around December 22) and the summer solstice (around June 20). Further, at noon of the installation place Ps, the sun Sn is located just south of the installation place Ps.

  At this installation site Ps, at the winter solstice (around December 22), sunrise is at 7: 6 and sunset is at 16:58. Therefore, the daytime in the winter solstice (around December 22) is about 10 hours.

  Further, at the installation location Ps, at the summer solstice (around June 20), the sunrise is 4:52 and the sunset is 19:19. Therefore, the daytime in the summer solstice (around June 20) is about 14 hours.

Of such solar position data, the change data of the azimuth angle of the sun is recorded in the data recording device 75 together with the elapsed time. This azimuth angle change data can be recorded in the data recording device 75 every 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, every other hour, for example.
(Elevation angle when the sun is in the middle)
Further, FIG. 15 shows the solar cell panel among the solar position data at the installation location Ps of the solar cell panel 6, that is, the latitude 34.350 north, the longitude 134.050 east, and the altitude 0 m (Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture) shown in FIG. 6 shows the south-middle altitude of the sun Sn (elevation angle relative to the sun Sn on the meridian) at the installation location Ps 6. At this installation site Ps, the southern mid-altitude of the winter solstice (around December 22) is about 32.2 °, and the south-mid altitude of the summer solstice (around June 20) is 79.1 °. Moreover, the elevation angle of the sun between sunrise and sunset can be recorded in the data recording device 75 every 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 1 hour, for example. In FIG. 15, H indicates the horizontal line of the installation location Ps, V indicates the vertical line of the installation location Ps, and Gax indicates the earth axis. 34.35 ° indicates the inclination angle of the ground axis Gax with respect to the vertical line.

  Note that the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun over time can also be calculated by calculation from the sunrise time and sunset time of the sun, the south-sun altitude of the sun Sn at the installation location Ps, and the like.

  Such solar position data is recorded in the data recording device 75, but becomes different data if the installation location Ps (longitude and latitude) of the solar cell panel 6 changes. In the present embodiment, the solar position data is obtained from the longitude and latitude of the installation place Ps, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. That is, the solar position data can be roughly calculated if only the latitude is known.

  In the example described above, the solar data of the winter solstice (around December 22) and the summer solstice (around June 20) is recorded in the data recording device 75 as the solar position data used for causing the solar cell panel 6 to follow the sun. ing. However, in addition to the winter solstice (around December 22) and the summer solstice, the solar position data used for causing the solar panel 6 to follow the sun may use spring or autumn solar position data, or the sun for each month. Position data may be used.

Furthermore, the longitude and latitude of the installation location Ps of the solar cell panel 6, the inclination of the earth axis, the revolution position (season or moon) of the earth with respect to the sun, etc. are used as the solar position calculation data, and the solar cell panel 6 is installed from this position calculation data. Expressions for calculating the sunrise and sunset times of the designated day at the place Ps and the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun on the designated day may be recorded in the data recording device 75. In this case, the solar position data on the designated date of the installation place Ps of the solar battery panel 6 can be obtained using the position calculation data and the calculation formula for position calculation. Such solar position data on the designated date can be obtained at the time of solar follow-up control of the solar cell panel 6, or can be obtained in advance and recorded in the data recording device 75.
ii. Tilt angle adjustment timing and follow-up control timing of solar cell panel according to the season Here, for example, 34.350 north latitude, 134.050 east longitude, 0 m above sea level (Takamatsu, Kagawa Prefecture) as the installation location (panel installation location) Ps When the tracking control of the solar panel 6 to the sun is performed based on the winter solstice (around December 22) and the summer solstice (around June 20) in the city, the period from September to the end of February is the winter solstice (around December 22). ) Adjustment of the inclination angle on the meridian of the solar cell panel 6 based on the solar position data of the solar panel 6 only once on the designated date, and the period from March to the end of August is the solar position data for the summer solstice (around June 20). Based on this, the inclination angle on the meridian of the solar cell panel is adjusted only once on the designated date. The period from September to the end of February is based on the solar position data of the winter solstice (around December 22), and the azimuth angle with the elapsed time of one day (from sunrise to sunset) of the light receiving surface of the solar panel 6 Follow-up control is performed, and the period from March to the end of August is based on the elapsed time of one day (from sunrise to sunset) on the light receiving surface of the solar panel 6 based on the solar position data of the summer solstice (around June 20). Let the azimuth follow-up control.

  Here, in the case of the winter solstice (around December 22), since the south-central altitude of the solar Sn on the meridian is about 32.2, the light-receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is at an elevation angle of 32.2 ° at noon time. The inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6 is adjusted so as to be perpendicular to the sunlight ray SL from the solar cell.

  Further, in the summer solstice (around June 20), the solar Sn on the meridian has an altitude of about 79.1 ° in the south, so that the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 has an elevation angle of 79.1 ° in the direction of noon. The inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6 is adjusted so as to be perpendicular to the solar rays SL.

The adjustment of the inclination angle of the solar battery panel 6 is executed by the control circuit 71 on a designated date (for example, September 1) of a certain period (September to the end of February) including the winter solstice (around December 22). It is performed once and is performed once on a specified date (for example, March 1) of a certain period (March to the end of August) including the summer solstice (around June 20).
iii. Setting of inclination angle of solar cell panel 6 in meridian direction by control circuit 71 This control circuit 71 receives a pressure signal from the first pressure sensor 52c or the second pressure sensor 73 and receives hydraulic / pneumatic pressure. Compressed air from the air compressor 50 is controlled by operating the air compressor 50 and the electromagnetic valve 51 so that the pressure in the gas chambers 46c and 47c of the converters 46 and 47 is higher than a set pressure (for example, 0.5 MPa). Is supplied to the hydraulic / pneumatic converters 46 and 47 through the filter regulator 52 and the undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 to stop the operation of the air compressor 50.

  In this state, the inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6 on the meridian can be adjusted by controlling the expansion and contraction cylinder 15 by the control circuit 71. That is, the control circuit 71 extends the undulation cylinder 15 when it is desired to increase the inclination angle on the meridian of the solar panel 6 for the winter solstice and the like, and the inclination angle on the meridian of the solar panel 6 for the summer solstice or the like. When it is desired to reduce the height, the undulating cylinder 15 is reduced.

In this embodiment, the installation location (panel installation location) Ps is described as an example of north latitude 34.350, east longitude 134.050, and altitude 0 m (Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture). If the latitude changes, the sunrise and sunset according to the season, the elevation angle of the sun on the meridian, and the solar position data are also different, so the solar panel 6 follows the sun based on the solar position data according to the installation location Ps. The hoisting cylinder 15 is extended and contracted for control.
(a). Control for Increasing the Inclination Angle When the control circuit 71 wants to extend the undulation cylinder 15, the control circuit 71 controls the operation of the undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53, so that the control circuit 71 from the filter regulator 52 side as shown in FIG. The undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 is positioned at a position where the compressed air is supplied to the gas chamber 47c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 47, and the compressed air in the gas chamber 46c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 46 is adjusted to the metering valve 53a. The undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 is positioned at a position to exhaust through the valve.

  Thereafter, the control circuit 71 energizes the electromagnetic on-off valves 58b and 59b to open them and opens the metering valve 53a. Thus, the oil in the oil chamber 47d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 47 flows into the oil chamber 15d of the hoisting cylinder 15 through the flow rate adjusting valve 59a and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 59b by the pressure of the gas chamber 47c, and the hoisting cylinder 15 The piston 15e is pushed up and the piston rod 15b is advanced from the cylinder body 15a, so that the undulating cylinder 15 is extended. Accordingly, the oil in the oil chamber 15c of the hoisting cylinder 15 is caused to flow into the oil chamber 46d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 46 through the electromagnetic on-off valve 58b and the flow rate adjusting valve 58a. At this time, the compressed air in the gas chamber 46c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 46 is exhausted to the atmosphere via the metering valve 53a.

  When the hoisting cylinder 15 is extended in this manner, the other end portion (north end side) of the first support frame 16 is moved upward with the frame attachment shaft 18 on the one end portion (south end portion) side of the first support frame 16 as the center. The inclination angle on the meridian of the first support frame 16 is increased, and the inclination angle on the meridian of the solar cell panel 6 is increased (larger).

The change in the tilt angle is detected by the panel tilt angle meter 63, and the tilt angle signal from the panel tilt angle meter 63 is input to the control circuit 71. Then, the control circuit 71 records the inclination angle on the meridian of the first support frame 16, that is, the inclination angle on the meridian of the solar battery panel 6, in the data recording device 75 based on the inclination angle signal from the panel inclination angle meter 63. When the set angle of the sun position data is reached, the metering valve 53a is closed and the electromagnetic on-off valves 58b and 59b are closed to stop the expansion of the hoisting cylinder 15.
(b) Control when the inclination angle is reduced When the control circuit 71 wants to reduce the undulation cylinder 15, the control circuit 71 controls the operation of the electromagnetic switch 53 for undulation switching control, as shown in FIG. The undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 is positioned at a position where the compressed air is supplied to the gas chamber 46c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 46, and the compressed air in the gas chamber 47c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 47 is adjusted to the metering valve 53a. The undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 is positioned at a position to exhaust through the valve.

  Thereafter, the control circuit 71 energizes the electromagnetic open / close valves 58b and 59b to open them, and opens the metering valve 53a. As a result, the oil in the oil chamber 46d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 46 flows into the oil chamber 15c of the hoisting cylinder 15 through the flow control valve 58a and the electromagnetic on-off valve 58b by the pressure of the gas chamber 46c, and the hoisting cylinder 15 The piston 15e is pushed down so that the piston rod 15b is immersed in the cylinder body 15a, and the hoisting cylinder 15 is reduced. Accordingly, the oil in the oil chamber 15d of the hoisting cylinder 15 is caused to flow into the oil chamber 47d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 47 via the electromagnetic on-off valve 59b and the flow rate adjusting valve 59a. At this time, the compressed air in the gas chamber 47c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 47 is exhausted to the atmosphere via the metering valve 53a.

  When the hoisting cylinder 15 is reduced in this way, the other end portion (north end side) of the first support frame 16 is lowered around the frame attachment shaft 18 on the one end portion (south end portion) side of the first support frame 16. , The inclination angle on the meridian of the first support frame 16 is reduced, and the inclination angle on the meridian of the solar cell panel 6 is reduced (decreased).

The change in the tilt angle is detected by the panel tilt angle meter 63, and the tilt angle signal from the panel tilt angle meter 63 is input to the control circuit 71. Then, the control circuit 71 records the inclination angle on the meridian of the first support frame 16, that is, the inclination angle on the meridian of the solar battery panel 6, in the data recording device 75 based on the inclination angle signal from the panel inclination angle meter 63. When the set angle of the sun position data is reached, the metering valve 53a is closed and the electromagnetic on-off valves 58b and 59b are closed to stop the expansion of the hoisting cylinder 15.
(c) Others The adjustment of the inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6 is executed only once on a designated day (the first day of the certain period) for a certain period.

In the control described above, the pressure signal from the second pressure sensor 73 is input to the control circuit 71, and the gas chambers 46 c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converters 46, 47 are controlled when the hoisting cylinder 15 is stretched. When the pressure in 47c becomes smaller than a set pressure (for example, 0.5 MPa), energization to the electromagnetic on-off valves 58b and 59b is stopped, the electromagnetic on-off valves 58b and 59b are closed, and the metering valve The valve 53a is closed to stop the stretchability of the hoisting cylinder 15. Along with this, the control circuit 71 operates the air compressor 50 and opens the solenoid valve 51 to compress the gas chamber 46c or 47c that is in communication with the filter regulator 52 of the hydraulic / pneumatic converters 46 and 47. Supply air. When the pressure of the gas chamber 46c or 47c that communicates with the filter regulator 52 becomes higher than a set pressure (for example, 0.5 MPa), the control circuit 71 sets the electromagnetic on-off valves 58b and 59b and the metering valve. The valve 53a is opened, and the elasticity of the undulation cylinder 15 is resumed.
iV. Control of the azimuth angle of the solar cell panel 6 by the control circuit 71 The adjustment of the inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6 described above is performed once on a specified date in a certain period (several times a year or every season or every predetermined month). Is called. On the other hand, the control circuit 71 controls the azimuth angle of the solar cell panel 6 based on the data of the sunrise time and the sunset time on the designated date on which the inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6 is adjusted. Run daily from sunrise time to sunset time.

The intervals between the solar power generation units P1 and P2 are such that even if a plurality of solar cell panels 6 are changed in azimuth from the east side to the west side, the adjacent solar cell panels 6 and 6 do not block the solar rays SL. It has become. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the solar cell panel 6 is directed to the east side at about 8 am (a time when the elevation angle to the sun is small) shortly after sunrise at the installation location Ps, and the solar cell panel 6 receives light. Even if the surface is set to an angle at which the sunlight rays SL can be received efficiently (in FIG. 7, the angle at about 8 am of the installation place Ps is 45 °), the solar cell panels 6 and 6 on the east side are adjacent. The intervals are set so as not to block the incidence of the sunlight SL on the west side. In FIG. 7, in the portion surrounded by the wavy line A1, the solar rays SLa are in a state of proceeding from the upper end of the left solar cell panel 6 toward the lower end of the right solar cell panel 6, and therefore adjacent solar cell panels. 6 and 6 do not block the sunlight rays SL. Thereby, since the solar cell panels 6 and 6 which adjoin can minimize the space | interval which can receive a sunlight ray in all the light-receiving surfaces, the several solar cell panel 6 installation space of a solar power generation system can be made small. Here, the space | interval which the solar cell panels 6 and 6 can receive a sunlight ray in all the light-receiving surfaces is the space | interval Lb of the solar cell panels 6 and 6 when the solar cell panels 6 and 6 are leveled, and the solar cell panel 6 and 6. 6 is set from the installation interval La of the panel mounting columns 8 and 8 that support 6.
(a). Preparation for Start of Azimuth Control The control circuit 71 receives pressure signals from the first pressure sensor 52c and the second pressure sensor 73 and receives the gas chambers 48c, 49c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converters 48, 49. The air compressor 50 and the electromagnetic valve 51 are operated and controlled so that the internal pressure becomes larger than the set pressure (for example, 0.5 MPa), and the compressed air from the air compressor 50 is filtered to the filter regulator 52 and the rotation switching control electromagnetic wave. This is supplied to the hydraulic / pneumatic converters 48 and 49 through the valve 54 to stop the operation of the air compressor 50.

  In this state, the azimuth angle of the solar cell panel 6 can be adjusted by controlling the expansion and contraction of the turning cylinder 24 by the control circuit 71. That is, the control circuit 71 extends the turning cylinder 24 when the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 faces east, and the turning cylinder 24 gradually changes the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 from this position to the west side. Reduce gradually.

  In this control, the control circuit 71 extends the turning cylinder 24 before the sunrise time, so that the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 moves east (at the left side in FIG. 6) with a large inclination angle as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. ).

  Therefore, when the control circuit 71 wants to extend the swing cylinder 24, the control circuit 71 controls the operation of the swing switching control electromagnetic valve 54 so that the compressed air from the filter regulator 52 side is converted into a hydraulic / pneumatic converter as shown in FIG. The undulation switching control electromagnetic valve 53 is positioned at a position where the gas chamber 49c is supplied to the gas chamber 49c, and swung to a position where the compressed air in the gas chamber 48c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 48 is exhausted via the metering valve 54a. The switching control electromagnetic valve 54 is positioned.

  Thereafter, the control circuit 71 opens the metering valve 54a while energizing the electromagnetic on-off valves 60b and 61b. As a result, the oil in the oil chamber 49d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 49 flows into the oil chamber 24d of the swing cylinder 24 through the flow rate adjusting valve 61a and the electromagnetic on-off valve 61b by the pressure of the gas chamber 49c. The piston 24e is pushed up to move the piston rod 24b out of the cylinder body 24a, and the turning cylinder 24 is extended. Accordingly, the oil in the oil chamber 24c of the turning cylinder 24 is caused to flow into the oil chamber 48d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 48 via the electromagnetic on-off valve 60b and the flow rate adjusting valve 60a. At this time, the compressed air in the gas chamber 48c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 48 is exhausted to the atmosphere via the metering valve 54a.

  When the swing cylinder 24 is extended in this manner, the second support frame 29 is pivoted to the first support frame 16 so that the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 faces the east side (left side in FIG. 6). Can be turned around. At this time, the orientation of the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is detected by the panel azimuth angle meter 64, and the azimuth angle signal from the panel azimuth angle meter 64 is input to the control circuit 71. Then, the control circuit 71 uses the azimuth angle signal from the panel azimuth meter 64 to indicate the azimuth angle of the sun at the sunrise time on the designated date of the solar position data recorded on the data recording device 75 on the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6. When it is perpendicular to, the metering valve 54a is closed, and the electromagnetic on-off valves 60b and 61b are closed to stop the extension of the swing cylinder 24.

  By such control, the angle of the solar cell panel 6 is set to face the sunrise direction at the sunrise time at the installation place Ps. In addition, when the light-receiving surface is made to follow the sun when moving from the sunrise of the sun to the sunset, when the sun comes on the meridian, the solar cell panel 6 has the light-receiving surface of the sun on the designated date for changing the panel inclination angle. It is set to be perpendicular to the elevation direction, that is, to be perpendicular to the sunlight on the designated date for changing the panel tilt angle. For this reason, the angle of the sunlight with respect to the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 when the sun is on the meridian gradually changes from the vertical state as the distance from the designated date for changing the panel tilt angle changes, but is substantially large. There is no change. In addition, since the solar cell panel 6 is directed in the sunrise direction in a state where there is such an inclination, the angle at which the sunlight rays at sunrise enter the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is not vertical but becomes small. However, since sunlight at sunrise has a small angle, even if the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is perpendicular to the sunlight, the amount of power generation is smaller than when the sun is on the meridian. As a result, since the solar cell panel 6 has an inclination angle toward the south, when the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is directed in the sunrise direction at the time of sunrise, the sunlight is perpendicular to the light receiving surface. Even if not, there will be no significant difference in the amount of power generation at the beginning of sunrise compared to when the sunlight is perpendicular to the light receiving surface.

Further, as the sun rises, the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is made to follow the sun by operation control described later of the swivel cylinder 24, so that the solar light changes in a direction perpendicular to the light receiving surface. Efficient power generation by 6 can be performed.
(b) Start of azimuth angle control Then, the control circuit 71 receives the light received by the solar cell panel 6 at the time of sunrise on the designated date of the solar position data recorded in the data recording device 75 by the built-in calendar and clock. Surface tracking control is started.

  In the follow-up control, the control circuit 71 operates the swing switching control electromagnetic valve 54 to reduce the swing cylinder 24 and change the direction (azimuth angle) of the light receiving surface of the solar battery panel 6 to the west side. 9A, the swirl switching control electromagnetic valve 54 is positioned at a position where compressed air from the filter regulator 52 side is supplied to the gas chamber 48c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 48 as shown in FIG. The swirl switching control electromagnetic valve 54 is positioned at a position where the compressed air in the gas chamber 49c is exhausted through the metering valve 54a.

  Thereafter, the control circuit 71 sets the electromagnetic on-off valve 60b every set time (for example, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, etc.) from the sunrise time on the designated date of the solar position data recorded in the data recording device 75. , 61b is energized to open the valve and the metering valve 54a is opened.

  As a result, the oil in the oil chamber 48d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 48 flows into the oil chamber 24c of the swing cylinder 24 via the flow rate adjusting valve 60a and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 60b by the pressure of the gas chamber 48c. The piston 24e is pushed down so that the piston rod 24b is immersed in the cylinder body 24a, and the turning cylinder 24 is reduced. Along with this, oil in the oil chamber 24d of the turning cylinder 24 is caused to flow into the oil chamber 49d of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 49 via the electromagnetic on-off valve 61b and the flow rate adjusting valve 61a. At this time, the compressed air in the gas chamber 49c of the hydraulic / pneumatic converter 49 is exhausted to the atmosphere via the metering valve 54a.

  When the turning cylinder 24 is reduced in this way, the second support frame 29 is turned to the turning shaft 33 with respect to the first support frame 16 in the direction in which the azimuth angle of the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is changed from the east side to the west side. Can be turned around. At this time, the orientation of the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is detected by the panel azimuth angle meter 64, and the azimuth angle signal from the panel azimuth angle meter 64 is input to the control circuit 71. Then, the control circuit 71 uses the azimuth angle signal from the panel azimuth meter 64 and the solar azimuth angle at the current time on the designated date of the solar position data recorded on the data recording device 75 on the light receiving surface of the solar battery panel 6. If they coincide with each other, the metering valve 54a is closed and the electromagnetic on-off valves 60b and 61b are closed to stop the extension of the swing cylinder 24.

  Adjustment of the azimuth angle (orientation) of the light receiving surface of the solar battery panel 6 by the reduction control of the turning cylinder 24 is performed until the sunset (sunset) on the designated date of the solar position data recorded in the data recording device 75. .

In the present embodiment, the installation location Ps is described as an example of north latitude 34.350, east longitude 134.050, altitude 0 m (Takamatsu City, Kagawa Prefecture), but if the longitude and latitude as the installation location Ps change, Because the sun rises and falls according to the seasons, and the southern and middle altitudes of the sun Sn (elevation angle of the sun on the meridian) and the sun position data are also different, the sun of the solar panel 6 based on the sun position data according to the installation location Ps The revolving cylinder 24 is expanded and contracted for follow-up control.
(c). Return after Completion of Azimuth Angle Control of One Day When the control of the azimuth angle of the solar cell panel 6 is completed in this way, the control circuit 71 is the same as the preparation for starting the azimuth angle control described above in (a). Then, the solar battery panel 6 is returned to the position where the azimuth angle control is started.
(d). Retraction control of solar cell panel 6 in strong wind In such a solar power generation system, when solar cell panel 6 is inclined, solar cell panel 6 itself and panel support device 5 are A large wind force may act on the portion, and the solar cell panel 6 and the panel support device 5 may be damaged. Therefore, when the solar cell panel 6 is inclined for solar tracking control, and the wind speed at the installation location of the solar cell panel 6 may be a value that damages the solar cell panel 6, the panel support device 5, or the like. In order to prevent the solar cell panel 6 and the panel support device 5 from being damaged, the attitude of the solar cell panel 6 is made horizontal.

  For this reason, the value immediately before the wind speed at the place where the solar cell panel 6 is installed is likely to damage the solar cell panel 6 or the panel support device 5 is defined as the retreat control start wind speed value, and this retreat control start wind speed value. Is previously recorded in the data recording device 75. The evacuation control start wind speed value can be obtained from the area of the solar cell panel 6, the strength of the panel frame 7, the strength of the panel support device 5, the inclination state of the solar cell panel 6, and the like.

  The wind speed signal from the anemometer 74 is always input to the control circuit 71 for controlling the orientation of the solar battery panel 6 in order to keep the solar battery panel 6 and the panel support device 5 from being damaged. I am letting.

  In this state, when the wind speed at the installation location of the solar battery panel 6 reaches the evacuation control start wind speed value recorded in the data recording device 75 from the input wind speed signal, the control circuit 71 undulates as described above. The cylinder 15 is controlled to reduce, and the swing cylinder 24 is controlled to expand and contract. The reduction control of the hoisting cylinder 15 is performed until it is detected that the solar cell panel 6 is leveled based on the panel tilt signal from the panel tilt angle meter 63. When the solar cell panel 6 becomes horizontal, the other end (north end) side of the panel frame 7 of the solar cell panel 6 comes into contact with the upper end of the fixed panel support column 9.

  On the other hand, in the expansion / contraction control of the turning cylinder 24, the azimuth angle (direction) of the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is obtained from the azimuth angle signal from the panel azimuth meter 64, and the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 faces the meridian direction. Is done.

  By controlling in this way, the solar cell panel 6 is supported by the fixed panel support column 9 with the other end (north end) side in a horizontal state, so even if the wind hits the solar cell panel 6 from the side, Can be prevented from acting as a large external force on the solar cell panel 6. Moreover, in this state, even if the wind hits the solar cell panel 6 from the upper side, the solar cell panel 6 has a width at the central portion in the width direction (east-west direction) on the one end (south end) side and on the other end (north end) side. Since the two places in the center of the direction (east-west direction) are supported by the panel mounting column 8 and the fixed panel supporting column 9 so as not to be displaced downward, it is possible to prevent the solar cell panel 6 and the panel supporting device 5 from being damaged. Can be avoided.

  As described above, in the photovoltaic power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the inclination of the light receiving surface in the south direction and the direction in the east-west direction can be adjusted, and the inclination and the direction are adjusted with an angle meter (panel inclination angle meter). 63, the solar panel 6 mounted on the panel mounting portion (panel mounting column 8) of the panel installation location (installation location Ps) that can be detected by the panel azimuth meter 64), and the annual panel installation location (installation location Ps). ) And a recording means (data recording device 75) for recording solar position data including the azimuth angle and altitude of the sun associated with the elapsed time from sunrise to sunset, or data for obtaining the same, and a first hydraulic circuit The hoisting cylinder 15 that is driven to extend and contract by 56 and adjusts the inclination angle of the solar cell panel 6, and is extended and retracted by the second hydraulic circuit 57 to move the solar cell panel 6. And a pivot cylinder 24 to adjust the azimuth angle of the east-west direction of the light plane. Further, the solar power generation system operates the first hydraulic circuit 56 on the basis of the data recorded in the recording means (data recording device 75) to control expansion / contraction of the undulating cylinder 15, thereby the solar power generation system. While the inclination of the battery panel 6 in the south direction is adjusted, the second hydraulic circuit 57 is controlled based on the data recorded in the recording means (data recording device 75) to control the expansion and contraction of the turning cylinder 24. Thus, a control means (control circuit 71) is provided that causes the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 to follow the sun from sunrise to sunset of the sun. Further, the photovoltaic power generation system includes a compressed gas supply source (pneumatic circuit 44) that generates compressed gas, and a first pressure conversion that converts the pressure of the compressed gas into hydraulic pressure and supplies the hydraulic pressure to the first hydraulic circuit 56. Means (hydraulic / pneumatic pressure converting means 42), second pressure converting means (hydraulic / pneumatic pressure converting means 43) for converting the pressure of the compressed gas into oil pressure and supplying it to the second hydraulic circuit 57, An inclination control solenoid valve (undulation switching control solenoid valve 53) that is controlled by the control means (control circuit 71) to generate a flow of oil that switches the expansion / contraction direction of the undulation cylinder 15, and the control means ( And a turning control solenoid valve (turning switching control solenoid valve 54) that is controlled by a control circuit 71) to generate a flow of fluid that switches the expansion and contraction direction of the turning cylinder 24. In addition, the control means (control circuit 71) records the solar south-middle altitude data when the sun is located on the meridian of the panel installation place (installation place Ps) on the designated date for each set period. Read from the data recorded in the data recording device 75), and control the operation of the tilt control solenoid valve (undulation switching control solenoid valve 53) and the first hydraulic circuit 56 based on the read solar south-middle altitude data. Then, by performing expansion and contraction control of the undulation cylinder 15, the light receiving surface of the sunbeam when the light receiving surface is directed to the south when the sun is positioned on the meridian at the panel installation location (installation location Ps) The solar cell panel 6 is tilt-adjusted so that the incident angle to is perpendicular to the sun elevation angle direction on the designated date. Moreover, the control means (control circuit 71) is configured to maintain the tilt angle of the solar cell panel 6 on the designated date within the set time period (the turn switching control solenoid valve 54). And the second hydraulic circuit 57 is intermittently controlled at every set time from sunrise to sunset, and the revolving cylinder 24 is controlled to extend and contract, so that the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 is directed toward the sun. To follow.

  According to such a configuration, the power consumption for controlling the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 to follow the sun is sufficiently less than that of a system that always controls the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 6 to the sun. High power generation.

  In the photovoltaic power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the inclination adjustment frame (first support frame 16) is along the meridian at the panel mounting portion (panel mounting column 8) of the panel installation location (installation location Ps). The solar cell panel 6 is attached to the inclination adjustment frame (first support frame 16) so that the azimuth can be adjusted, so that the solar cell panel 6 can be adjusted in the south direction and the east-west direction of the light receiving surface. It is mounted on the panel mounting portion (panel mounting support column 8) so that the orientation in the direction can be adjusted.

  According to this configuration, when the solar panel can be adjusted in azimuth from sunrise to sunset, the solar panel can be tilted with a simple configuration so that it can receive sunlight efficiently when the sun is positioned on the meridian. it can.

  Furthermore, in the solar power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell panel 6 has a south end portion on the panel mounting portion (panel mounting column 8) via an inclination adjustment frame (first support frame 16). A panel support portion (fixed panel support column 9) that is attached and supports the northern end of the solar cell panel 6 when the solar cell panel 6 becomes horizontal is provided at the panel installation location (installation location Ps), An anemometer 74 that predicts the wind speed at the panel installation location (installation location Ps) is provided. Further, in this solar power generation system, the solar cell panel 6 or the tilt adjustment frame (first support frame 16) and the panel mounting portion (panel mounting column (panel mounting support column)) due to the wind pressure received by the tilted solar cell panel 6 The wind speed at which the joint portion (frame mounting shaft 18, fixed bracket 10, etc.) of 8) is broken is defined as the breaking wind speed, and the wind speed immediately before the breaking wind speed is defined as the control stop setting wind speed. Moreover, when the control means (control circuit 71) detects the control stop set wind speed from the wind speed signal from the anemometer 74, the control means (control circuit 71) controls the operation of the undulation cylinder 15 and the turning cylinder 24 to control the solar cell panel. By making 6 horizontal, the north end portion side of the solar cell panel 6 is brought into contact with and supported by the upper end portion of the panel support portion (fixed panel support column 9).

  According to this configuration, when a typhoon, a strong wind, or the like is expected, the solar cell panel 6 or the tilt adjustment frame (first support frame 16) and the panel mounting portion ( The upper end of the panel support portion (fixed panel support column 9) with the solar cell panel 6 in a horizontal state before the wind speed at which the connecting portion of the panel mount column 8) (frame mounting shaft 18, fixed bracket 10, etc.) is destroyed. By abutting and supporting the unit, the solar cell panel 6 or the tilt adjustment frame (first support frame 16) and the panel mounting part (panel mounting column 8) are joined by the typhoon or strong wind (frame mounting shaft 18, fixed). It is possible to prevent the bracket 10 and the like from being destroyed.

In addition, since the solar cell panel 6 is heavy, when a large force in the south direction or the horizontal direction due to an earthquake or the like is applied suddenly, the solar cell panel 6 or the tilt adjustment frame (first support frame 16) and the panel mounting portion. It is also conceivable that the joint portion (the frame mounting shaft 18, the fixed bracket 10, etc.) of the (panel mounting column 8) is destroyed. Therefore, when an earthquake having such a magnitude as to cause such destruction occurs, if there is a certain amount of time for this earthquake to reach the panel installation location (installation location Ps), the earthquake will occur in the panel installation location (installation location Ps). ) To reach the upper end of the panel support (fixed panel support column 9) in a horizontal state before the solar cell panel 6 is It is also possible to prevent the breakage of the joint portion (the frame attachment shaft 18, the fixed bracket 10, etc.) between the first support frame 16) and the panel attachment portion (panel attachment column 8). Information on the earthquake at this time is acquired by installing a seismometer at the panel installation location (installation location Ps).
(Other)
In the solar power generation system as described above, the following points can also be expected.
1. Equipment can be provided at a cost that is equal to or less than the cost of equipment due to improved power generation efficiency.
2. By reducing the weight of the entire device, it can be installed on the roof of an existing building.
3. The structure, size and shape of the device can be easily maintained in the future.
4. Equipment equipment is easy to obtain, inexpensive and can provide products that can reduce maintenance costs as much as possible.
5. The equipment is equipped with a 2kw solar power generation panel as one set, and a system that can control multiple devices with a single control device further reduces costs when multiple devices are installed. I can do it.
6. Responses to disasters such as earthquakes, typhoons, and strong winds. In addition, safety measures can be taken when it occurs.
7. The amount of power generation can be expected to be 150% or more compared to the case of fixed installation.

6 ... Solar cell panel 8 ... Panel mounting column (panel mounting part)
9 ... Panel support column (panel support)
10 ... Fixing bracket (joint)
15 ... Rolling cylinder 16 ... first support frame (tilt adjustment frame)
18 ... Frame mounting shaft (joint)
24 ... Swivel cylinder 42 ... Hydraulic / pneumatic pressure converting means (first pressure converting means)
43 ... Hydraulic pressure / pneumatic pressure conversion means (second pressure conversion means)
44 ... Pneumatic circuit (compressed gas supply source)
56 ... first hydraulic circuit 57 ... second hydraulic circuit 63 ... panel inclination angle meter 64 ... panel orientation angle meter 71 ... control circuit (control means)
53 ... Solenoid valve for undulation switching control (solenoid valve for tilt control)
54 ... Solenoid valve for turning switching control (solenoid valve for turning control)
74 ... Anemometer 75 ... Data recording device (recording means)
Ps: Installation location of the solar power generation system (panel installation location)

Claims (3)

A solar panel mounted on a panel mounting portion of the panel installation place so that the inclination of the light receiving surface in the south direction and the direction in the east-west direction can be adjusted and the inclination and direction can be detected by an angle meter;
Recording means for recording the solar position data including the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the sun with the elapsed time from the sunrise to the sunset of the panel installation place in the year and the elapsed time, or data for obtaining this, and
An undulating cylinder that is driven to extend and contract by a first hydraulic circuit to adjust an inclination angle of the solar cell panel;
A revolving cylinder that is extended and contracted by a second hydraulic circuit to adjust the azimuth angle of the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel in the east-west direction;
While controlling the first hydraulic circuit based on the data recorded in the recording means to control expansion and contraction of the undulation cylinder, the inclination of the solar cell panel in the south direction is adjusted, while the recording means Control means for causing the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel to follow the sun from sunrise to sunset of the sun by controlling the second hydraulic circuit based on the data recorded in the above to control expansion and contraction of the turning cylinder. A solar power generation system comprising:
A compressed gas source for generating compressed gas;
First pressure converting means for converting the pressure of the compressed gas into oil pressure and supplying the oil pressure to the first hydraulic circuit;
Second pressure converting means for converting the pressure of the compressed gas into oil pressure and supplying the pressure to the second hydraulic circuit;
A solenoid valve for tilt control that is controlled by the control means to generate a flow of an oil liquid that switches an expansion / contraction direction of the hoisting cylinder;
A swing control solenoid valve that is controlled by the control means to generate a flow of an oil liquid that switches an expansion / contraction direction of the swing cylinder;
The control means reads out solar south altitude data from the data recorded in the recording means when the sun is positioned on the meridian of the panel installation location on a specified date for each set period, and reads the read sun By operating and controlling the tilt control solenoid valve and the first hydraulic circuit based on the south-central altitude data to extend / contract the undulation cylinder, the light reception is performed when the sun is positioned on the meridian at the panel installation location. While adjusting the inclination of the solar cell panel so that the incident angle of the sun rays to the light receiving surface is perpendicular to the elevation angle direction of the sun on the designated date when the surface is directed to the south, the setting Within the specified period, the turning control solenoid valve and the second hydraulic circuit were set from sunrise to sunset while maintaining the inclination angle of the solar cell panel on the designated date. Intermittently operated control for each during, by expansion control the turning cylinder, photovoltaic system, characterized in that to follow the light receiving surface of the solar panel to the azimuth of the sun.   2. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein an inclination adjustment frame is attached to a panel attachment portion of the panel installation location so that the inclination adjustment frame can be adjusted in a direction along a meridian, and the azimuth angle of the solar cell panel is adjusted to the inclination adjustment frame. The solar power generation system, wherein the solar battery panel is attached to the panel mounting portion so that the orientation of the light receiving surface in the south direction and the east-west direction can be adjusted by attaching the solar cell panel.   The solar power generation system of Claim 2 WHEREIN: The said solar cell panel is attached to the said panel attachment part via the inclination adjustment frame in the south end part side, When the said solar cell panel becomes horizontal, the said solar cell panel A panel support portion that supports the north end portion is provided at the panel installation location, an anemometer that predicts the wind speed at the panel installation location is provided, and the solar cell is generated by wind pressure received by the inclined solar cell panel When the wind speed at which the panel or the joint between the tilt adjustment frame and the panel mounting portion is broken is defined as the breaking wind speed, and the wind speed immediately before the breaking wind speed is defined as the control stop setting wind speed, the control means includes the anemometer. When the control stop set wind speed is detected by the wind speed signal, the hoisting cylinder and the turning cylinder are controlled to operate the solar panel. By the solar power generation system for causing the contact supporting the northern end side of the solar cell panel to an upper end of the panel support unit.