JP2012052565A - Rotation transmitting device having built-in unidirectional clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch that prevents corrosion deterioration of the rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch and improves clutch performance even in a high temperature and high humidity environment.
An inner member, an outer member disposed concentrically around the inner member, and an outer peripheral surface of the inner member and an inner peripheral surface of the outer member, the outer member being disposed between the outer member and the inner member. An engaging member capable of transmitting a rotational force between the outer member and the inner member only when rotating relative to the inner member in a predetermined direction; an outer peripheral surface of the inner member; and an inner periphery of the outer member One-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device provided with a support bearing that is disposed between the support member and supports the outer member relative to the inner member while supporting a radial load applied to the outer member. In
At least one of the inner member, the outer member, and the engagement member forming the engagement surface with the engagement element is made of a corrosion resistant steel material.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch used for automobile accessories and the like.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device has been used to drive automobile auxiliary machines such as a starter and an alternator. A one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device includes a rolling bearing and a one-way clutch, and each is generally lubricated with a grease composition. This one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device is placed in a high-speed rotation environment from a very low temperature to a high-temperature environment and becomes a high humidity environment due to water intrusion into the engine room. Grease stability in the region, wear resistance, seizure resistance, and corrosion resistance in high-speed, high-temperature and high-humidity environments were required. Various lubricants are known for the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device. For example, a grease composition based on ether oil and a pressure viscosity coefficient of 12 GPa ⁻¹ or more (at 25 ° C.) High pressure viscosity grease composition in which a urea-based thickener is blended with an ester-based or synthetic oil-based base oil, a thickener comprising a urea compound, and a low-viscosity base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 60 cSt or less And a grease composition based on silicone oil are known.

However, grease compositions based on ether oil are not suitable for use in sliding lubrication, so the clutch function can be reduced from an early stage, especially when used in a one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device for starters. There was sex. In addition, although the grease composition with an increased pressure viscosity coefficient is effective in improving the clutch lock performance, the performance in the overrun state is not sufficient. In addition, the grease composition using the low-viscosity base oil has improved the fretting resistance and heat resistance, but has insufficient lubrication performance during sliding.

In order to solve these problems, for example, in Patent Document 1, a one-way clutch grease composition has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 20 mm ² / s to 60 mm ² / s and a pour point of −45 ° C. A base oil composed of the following ester oil, a thickener composed of a diurea compound, an antioxidant composed of an amine compound, and a preventive composed of at least one of a carboxylic acid, a carboxylate, an ester and an amine compound. Wear comprising at least one of a rusting agent, a peeling-resistant additive for preventing separation of the sliding surface of the one-way clutch and the raceway surface of the rolling bearing, and a zinc-based compound, a phosphorus-based compound, and a sulfur-based compound An antioxidant, and the contents of the antioxidant and the rust inhibitor are 0.5% by mass or more and 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less in total. By You degree was more than 250 340 or less, the clutch locking performance improvement, fretting resistance, was to improve the clutch performance such as improvement in heat resistance.

JP 2006-77969 A

However, the one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device in Patent Document 1 is also exposed to a high-temperature and high-humidity environment by being applied to an automobile auxiliary machine or the like. There was room for further improvement in the decline.

The present invention has been made to eliminate such inconveniences, and is equipped with a one-way clutch that prevents corrosion deterioration of the rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch and improves clutch performance even in a high temperature and high humidity environment. An object of the present invention is to provide a mold rotation transmission device.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inner member, an outer member disposed concentrically around the inner member, and an outer peripheral surface of the inner member and an inner peripheral surface of the outer member. An engaging member that is configured to transmit a rotational force between the outer member and the inner member only when the outer member rotates relative to the inner member in a predetermined direction; A support bearing disposed between an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the outer member, and supporting a radial load applied to the outer member while supporting the outer member so as to be relatively rotatable with respect to the inner member; In the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device, at least one of the inner member, the outer member, and the engagement member forming the engagement surface with the engagement member is made of a corrosion resistant steel material.

In the second invention, the composition of the corrosion resistant steel material is such that C is 0.4 mass% or more and less than 0.6 mass%, Si is 0.1 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass%, and Mn is 0.1 mass%. -Less than 0.5 mass%, Cr is 10.0 mass% or more and less than 15.0 mass%, N is 0.05 mass% or more and less than 0.20 mass%, O is contained in 15.0 massppm or less, and the balance It consists of Fe and an inevitable impurity element.

According to the present invention, since at least one of the inner member, the outer member, and the engagement member of the one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device is made of corrosion-resistant steel, the one-way clutch built-in rotation transmission device can be used even in a high temperature and high humidity environment. Corrosion deterioration can be prevented and clutch performance can be improved.

It is a figure which shows a one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission apparatus. It is a figure which shows the ball-on-disk testing machine which is a friction coefficient testing machine.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
A rotation transmission device with a built-in one-way clutch (hereinafter referred to as a rotation transmission device) 100 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes a sleeve 1 as an inner member and a pulley 2 as an outer member arranged concentrically with each other. In addition, an engagement element 7 and a pair of support bearings 4 and 4 which are one-way clutches are provided between the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2. The grease 10 is sealed between the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2 to lubricate the engaging element 7 and the pair of support bearings 4.

The sleeve 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole. For example, the sleeve 1 is integrally fitted and fixed to a rotating shaft (not shown) of an auxiliary machine for an automobile such as an alternator, and rotates together with the rotating shaft. It has become. On the other hand, the pulley 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape as in the case of the sleeve 1, and one end of an endless belt called a polybelt is stretched around the cross-sectional shape in the axial direction of the outer peripheral surface thereof.

Engagement elements 7 are disposed in the axially intermediate portion of the cylindrical space existing between the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 1 and the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2. Support bearings 4 and 4 are respectively arranged at positions sandwiching from both sides in the axial direction.

The engagement element 7 includes a clutch inner ring 5, a clutch outer ring 6, a plurality of engagement elements 7, a clutch retainer 8, and a spring (not shown), and the pulley 2 is predetermined with respect to the sleeve 1. Only when there is a tendency to relatively rotate in the direction, the rotational force between the pulley 2 and the sleeve 1 can be transmitted.

The clutch inner ring 5 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 1 in the axial direction intermediate portion, and the clutch outer ring 6 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2 in the axial direction intermediate portion. The inner peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the outer ring for clutch 6 is a simple cylindrical surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring for clutch 5 is a cam surface 9. That is, a plurality of concave portions 5 a called ramp portions are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the clutch inner ring 5, and the outer peripheral surface of the clutch inner ring 5 acts as the cam surface 9. And between this cam surface 9 and the said cylindrical surface of the outer ring | wheel 6 for clutches, the some engaging element 7 and these each engaging element 7 are supported so that rolling is possible and a predetermined amount can be displaced in the circumferential direction. A clutch retainer 8 is provided.

The clutch retainer 8 is entirely made of synthetic resin, and its inner peripheral edge is engaged with a part of the cam surface 9 to prevent relative rotation with respect to the clutch inner ring 5. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the stepped surface 1 a provided on the axial end surface of the clutch inner ring 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 1 is provided with a convex portion 8 a formed on the inner peripheral surface of the end of the clutch cage 8. The clutch retainer 8 is positioned in the axial direction. Further, between the clutch cage 8 and each engagement element 7, each engagement element 7 is placed in the same circumferential direction (the direction in which each recess 5 a becomes shallow, that is, the cylindrical surface and the cam surface of the clutch outer ring 6. 9 is provided with a spring (not shown) for pressing in the direction toward the wedge space, which is a region in which the width dimension in the radial direction is small.

In the case where the above-described engagement element 7 is configured, the cylindrical surface of the clutch outer ring 6 and the cam surface 9 of the clutch inner ring 5 which are in contact with the plurality of engagement elements 7 are the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2 and It may be formed directly on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 1. Alternatively, the arrangement of the cylindrical surface and the cam surface 9 in the radial direction is opposite to the structure described above, in which the cylindrical surface is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the clutch inner ring 5 and the cam surface 9 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the clutch outer ring 6. Needless to say.

In the rotation transmission device 100 described above, the sleeve 1 is externally fitted and fixed to the end of the rotating shaft of an automotive auxiliary machine such as an alternator, and one end of an endless belt is stretched around the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 2. The other end of the endless belt is stretched around a drive pulley fixed to the end of the crankshaft of the engine. Then, the rotation transmission device 100 is configured so that the wedge of the one-way clutch is used when the travel speed of the endless belt is constant or tends to increase (in other words, when the rotational angular speed of the pulley 2 is higher than the rotational angular speed of the rotating shaft of the alternator). Due to the effect, the pulley 2 and the sleeve 1 cannot be rotated relative to each other (locked state), and the rotational force of the engine is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the alternator via the pulley 2 and the sleeve 1. On the other hand, when the traveling speed of the endless belt tends to decrease (in other words, when the rotational angular speed of the pulley 2 is slower than the rotational angular speed of the rotating shaft of the alternator), the pulley 2 and the sleeve 1 can freely rotate relative to each other (over Run state). As a result, even when the rotational angular velocity of the crankshaft fluctuates, the endless belt and the pulley 2 are prevented from rubbing, the occurrence of abnormal noise called squealing and the life of the endless belt due to wear are prevented, and the alternator A decrease in power generation efficiency is prevented.

Further, when the rotation transmission device 100 is used as an accessory driving device when the engine is idling in an idling stop vehicle, the rotation transmission device 100 is mounted on the end of the engine crankshaft or the drive shaft of the electric motor. . As a result, when one device of the engine and the electric motor is in the operating state and the other device is in the stopped state, the rotation force is transmitted from the rotating shaft of the one device in the operating state to the pulley 2. While making it free, the rotation shaft of the other device is prevented from rotating.

Grease 10 is sealed inside the rotation transmission device 100, and the roller engaging element 7 and the pair of support bearings 4 and 4 are lubricated by the grease 10. Sealing devices 11a are provided at least at the ends of the support bearings 4 that are at least on the axially outer side of the rotation transmitting device 100 to prevent leakage of the enclosed grease 10 to the outside. In the present embodiment, the sealing device 11b is also provided at the end of each support bearing 4 (that is, the end on the one-way clutch side) that is the inner side in the axial direction of the rotation transmission device 100. In FIG. 2, the engagement element 7 and the pair of support bearings 4 and 4 are lubricated by using a common grease 10, so that these sealing devices 11b are not necessarily required.

The grease 10 is improved in performance by adding various additives to the base oil. As the base oil of the grease 10, for example, mineral-based lubricating oil and synthetic lubricating oil can be used. Although it does not restrict | limit especially as a mineral type lubricating oil, Paraffinic mineral oil, a naphthenic mineral oil, and those mixed lubricating oils can be used. Synthetic lubricating oil is not particularly limited, and synthetic hydrocarbon oil, ether oil, ester oil, fluorine oil, and the like can be used.

Specifically, poly-α-olefin oil or the like can be used as the synthetic hydrocarbon oil, and dialkyl diphenyl ether oil, alkyl triphenyl ether oil, alkyl tetraphenyl ether oil or the like can be used as the ether oil. It is possible to use diester oil, neo-pentyl polyol ester oil, or complex ester oil, aromatic ester oil, etc. as ester oil. Perfluoroether oil, fluorosilicone oil, chlorotrifluoro Ethylene oil, fluorophosphazene oil, etc. can be used.

These base oils may be used alone or in appropriate combination. In consideration of lubrication performance and life at high speed, a synthetic lubricating oil is preferably contained, and a diester oil is particularly preferably contained. The kinematic viscosity of the base oil is preferably 10 to 150 mm ² / s at 40 ° C., more preferably 15 to 90 mm ² / s. This is because if it is less than 10 mm ² / s, the oil film becomes thin and durability is lowered, and if it is more than 150 mm ² / s, the engagement of the clutch becomes a problem.

As a thickener, a substance that makes the base oil semi-solid or solid can be added to the grease 10 as a thickener by colloidal dispersion in the base oil. Examples of such a thickener include lithium soap, calcium soap, sodium soap, aluminum soap, lithium complex soap, calcium complex soap, sodium complex soap, barium complex soap, and aluminum complex soap. -Based metal soaps, bentonite-based, clay-based inorganic compounds, monourea-based, diurea-based, triurea-based, tetraurea-based, urethane-based, sodium terephthalate-based organic compounds, etc. be able to. And 1 or more types of these thickeners can be mix | blended.

The penetration of grease 10 is preferably in the range of 250 to 340 at normal temperature (25 ° C.) and 160 to 340 at −40 ° C. This is because when the normal temperature miscibility is less than 250 and the −40 ° C. miscibility is less than 160, the grease does not spread to the necessary parts at the time of slipping mainly in the clutch part, and the clutch locking and unlocking also has a spring force. Although it is used, there is a problem that this spring moves badly. On the other hand, if the penetration is over 340, the grease tends to flow out due to vibrations during traveling, etc., and there is a risk of malfunction.

Furthermore, in order to further improve the performance of the grease 10, for example, additives such as an extreme pressure agent, an antioxidant, a rust preventive agent, an oily agent, and a metal deactivator may be mixed. As the extreme pressure agent, phosphorus-based, zinc dithiophosphate, organic molybdenum, etc. can be used. Specifically, organic zinc compounds such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, zinc diaryldithiophosphate, zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, and dialkyl Organic molybdenum compounds such as molybdenum dithiophosphate, molybdenum diaryldithiophosphate, molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate, thiocarbamine compounds, phosphates, phosphites, and the like can be used.

As the antioxidant, a commonly used antioxidant can be used. For example, an amine such as phenyl-1-naphthylamine, a phenol such as 2,6-di-tert-dibutylphenol, a sulfur, or an antioxidant such as zinc dithiophosphate can be used.

Examples of the rust preventive include organic sulfonates such as alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, alkyls such as alkyl and alkenyl succinic acid esters, alkenyl succinic acid derivatives, partial esters of polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitan monooleate, and the like. Can be used.

As the oily agent, for example, oily improvers such as fatty acids and animal and vegetable oils can be used.

As the metal deactivator, a metal deactivator such as benzotriazole can be used.

Said additive can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types. In addition, the addition amount of these additives will not be specifically limited if it is a grade which does not impair the objective of this invention.

Furthermore, in order to further improve the performance of the grease 10, known general additives conventionally used in grease can be included as required. The grease 10 contains each of the above components, but there are no restrictions on the production method thereof, and it can be prepared in the same manner as a conventional urea grease, but generally it is a raw material of a diurea compound in a base oil ( It is obtained by reacting amines with diisocyanate). The production conditions such as heating temperature and stirring / mixing time at that time are appropriately set depending on the base oil and diurea compound raw materials, additives and the like to be used. Moreover, after adding an additive, it is necessary to stir well and to disperse | distribute uniformly, but heating in that case is also effective.

The grease 10 prepared as described above has characteristics of low friction and low wear when the cam surface 9 of the clutch inner ring 5 and the cylindrical surface of the clutch outer ring 6 and the rolling surface of the roller 7 slide. Reduces heat generation and wear of sliding contact parts due to friction of sliding contact parts. Further, the pressing of the roller 7 against the cam surface 9 of the clutch inner ring 5 and the cylindrical surface of the clutch outer ring 6 is not obstructed even at a low temperature when the grease viscosity increases (the fluidity decreases). Therefore, the engagement element 7 can be reliably operated for a long time at a low temperature (−40 ° C.).

Further, the grease 10 can be suitably used for lubricating the support bearing 4, whereby the engaging element 7 and the support bearing 4 can be lubricated by the common grease 10, and the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission is possible. Costs for manufacturing and maintenance of the apparatus 100 can be reduced.

It is preferable to use a corrosion-resistant steel material for at least one of the inner member, the outer member, and the engagement member constituting the clutch portion. As a composition of the corrosion resistant steel material, C is 0.4 mass% or more and less than 0.6 mass%, Si is 0.1 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass%, Mn is less than 0.1 to 0.5 mass%, Cr is 10.0% by mass or more and less than 15.0% by mass, N is 0.05% by mass or more and less than 0.20% by mass, O is 15.0 mass ppm or less, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements. It is preferable to use a steel material. In particular, by using this steel material for the inner member, the corrosion resistance effect in a high humidity environment and the wear suppression effect at high temperature and high speed are high.

By using the grease 10 with urea as a thickener for this steel material, the high-temperature high-speed engagement durability performance can be improved.

(Evaluation test)
(1) High humidity engagement durability test: A one-way clutch pulley for an alternator was used. The test conditions were as follows: pulley rotation speed: 5000 ± 600 min ⁻¹ , front side bearing temperature: 80 ° C., alternator power generation amount: 100 A, pulley load: 1000 N, test time: 400 h. As the test was terminated.
(2) Friction characteristic (coefficient of friction) test: A test was conducted with a ball-on-disk tester shown in FIG. That is, the grease 10 was applied on the disk 12 of the ball-on-disk tester, and the coefficient of friction after one minute was measured under the conditions of the surface pressure of the ball 13 of 2 GPa and the sliding speed of 0.2 m / s.
(3) Thermal stability (total acid value increase) test: The test was conducted in a high temperature storage test. Grease was uniformly applied to a stainless petri dish (SUS304) to a thickness of 3 mm, and left in a thermostatic bath at 160 ° C. for 500 hours. The total acid value of the left grease was measured to determine the total acid value increase. 3 mgKOH / g or less was regarded as acceptable.

Preparation of each grease to be enclosed in the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device of the one-way clutch built-in type according to the present invention and the comparative examples 1-2, first, the first container Half of the base oil and the amine component of the thickener are put in, stirred while heating, and half of the base oil and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) are placed in the second container, Stirring while heating, the contents of the second container were added to the first container to react the contents of both containers. Next, an additive was added to the reaction product, and finished with a three-stage roll mill to obtain a grease.

Steel materials of inner and outer members and engaging elements used in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, composition of grease, and measured characteristic values, that is, penetration, friction characteristics (friction coefficient), heat The stability (increased total acid number) is shown in Table 1. In Examples 1 to 5, a corrosion-resistant steel material is used for at least one of the inner and outer members and the engagement element. The composition of the corrosion-resistant steel material used is 0.4 mass% to less than 0.6 mass%, Si is 0.1 mass% to less than 0.5 mass%, and Mn is less than 0.1 to 0.5 mass%. , Cr is 10.0 mass% or more and less than 15.0 mass%, N is 0.05 mass% or more and less than 0.20 mass%, O is contained in 15.0 mass ppm or less, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements Consists of. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the inner and outer members and the steel members of the engaging members are not subjected to corrosion countermeasures other than those described above.

As is apparent from Table 1, the friction characteristics of the one-way clutch and the thermal stability of the grease contained in the clutch maintain the conventional performance, while using a corrosion-resistant steel material for at least one member of the inner member, the outer member, and the engagement member. It has been found that the engagement durability life is significantly improved with respect to the conventional one-way clutch.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and it goes without saying that modifications, improvements, and the like can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the engagement element 7 is used as the one-way clutch has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of one-way clutches such as a sprag clutch and a cam clutch may be used. Is possible. In the illustrated example, the case where the pair of support bearings 4 and 4 are provided on both sides of the engagement element 7 has been described. However, it is also possible to provide only one support bearing 4 on one side of the engagement element 7. Further, a gear may be used as the outer member instead of the pulley 2.

1 ... Sleeve (inner member)
2 ... Pulley (outer member)
3. Roller clutch (one-way clutch)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 ... Support bearing 7 ... Encoder 10 ... Grease 100 ... One-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device

Claims (2)

An inner member; an outer member disposed concentrically around the inner member; and an outer member disposed between an outer peripheral surface of the inner member and an inner peripheral surface of the outer member, the outer member being disposed with respect to the inner member. An engagement element capable of transmitting a rotational force between the outer member and the inner member only when relatively rotating in a predetermined direction, and between the outer peripheral surface of the inner member and the inner peripheral surface of the outer member. In the one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device provided with a support bearing that is supported by the outer member while supporting a radial load applied to the outer member, while supporting the outer member relative to the inner member.
At least one of the inner member, the outer member, and the engagement member forming an engagement surface with the engagement element uses a corrosion-resistant steel material.   The composition of the corrosion-resistant steel material is 0.4 mass% or more and less than 0.6 mass%, Si is 0.1 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass%, Mn is 0.1 to less than 0.5 mass%, Cr is 10.0% by mass or more and less than 15.0% by mass, N is 0.05% by mass or more and less than 0.20% by mass, O is 15.0 mass ppm or less, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The one-way clutch built-in type rotation transmission device according to claim 1.

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