JP2011526920A - Staphylococcibacteriaに対する活性を有するキメラバクテリオファージ溶解素 - Google Patents
Staphylococcibacteriaに対する活性を有するキメラバクテリオファージ溶解素 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011526920A JP2011526920A JP2011516843A JP2011516843A JP2011526920A JP 2011526920 A JP2011526920 A JP 2011526920A JP 2011516843 A JP2011516843 A JP 2011516843A JP 2011516843 A JP2011516843 A JP 2011516843A JP 2011526920 A JP2011526920 A JP 2011526920A
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Landscapes
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、2008年7月3日に出願された米国仮特許出願番号61/078,277の利益を主張し、上記米国仮特許出願は、その全容が参照によって本明細書に援用される。
本発明は、国立衛生研究所(NIH)によって与えられた助成金番号AI11822のもとで政府支援によってなされた。米国政府は本発明に対し一定の権利を保有し得る。
本開示は、特定の抗生物質耐性黄色ブドウ球菌細菌株を包含する、ブドウ球菌細菌を迅速かつ特異的に検出し殺すためのキメラ溶解酵素の同定および使用に関する。
本開示は、新規のブドウ球菌溶解素のほか、該溶解素の製造方法および使用を記載する。1つの例において、ClySと呼ばれる新規キメラ溶解素(ブドウ球菌に対するキメラ溶解素)の遺伝子組み換え技術が記載される。ClySは、感受性かつ薬剤耐性のブドウ球菌に対して特異的に活性であり、ブドウ球菌特異的ファージ溶解素の触媒ドメインを、既知のホモログを有しない他のブドウ球菌特異的ファージ溶解素由来の固有の結合ドメインと融合させることによって構築された。ClySは、SH3b様CWTドメインを伴わない可溶性のブドウ球菌特異的溶解素であるが、ブドウ球菌特異的表面糖質を認識すると考えられるCWTドメインを含有する。そのため、ブドウ球菌株がClySに対する耐性を生み出すであろう頻度は低減され得る。加えて、ClySの生化学的特徴づけによって、ClySのpHおよび塩スペクトラムが従来の溶解素とは非常に異なっており、それにより、このキメラ溶解素に固有の特性をもたらすことが明らかになった。
他に指定のない限り、本明細書中で使用される特定の用語およびそれらの本開示への適用性は以下に定義される。
黄色ブドウ球菌に対する殺活性を有するキメラバクテリオファージ溶解素を、本明細書に記載する。溶解素は、一般的にモジュール構造で存在する。図1は、推定されるCHAPドメイン110およびCWTドメイン120を示すphiNM3溶解素の概略図である。数字はアミノ酸位置およびドメイン端を意味する。ClySのCWTドメインは影付きの長方形120で示される。N末端モジュールは、特定の細菌の細菌細胞壁を崩壊させる能力を保有すると考えられている触媒ドメインからなる。触媒ドメインとしばしば関連付けられる酵素活性は、アミダーゼ、エンドペプチダーゼ、グルコサミダーゼ(glucosamidases)およびムラミダーゼである。C末端モジュールは、標的細菌細胞壁上の糖質エピトープに対して親和性を有すると考えられている結合ドメインからなる。この結合ドメインは、溶解素の特異性を決定づけると考えられている。ブドウ球菌ペプチドグリカン内のペプチド架橋は、リソスタフィン(Staphylococcus simulansにより産生されるブドウ球菌溶解酵素)のCWTドメインに対する受容体として機能すると考えられている。リソスタフィンのCWTドメインは、SH3bドメインと相同性を有し、そのような溶解素はその受容体としてペプチド架橋を利用する可能性があることも示唆されている。
本発明者らは、全米バイオテクノロジー情報センターデータベースでブドウ球菌特異的ファージおよびプロファージ溶解素タンパク質配列の保存ドメイン検索を行った。溶解素をデータベース中の既知のドメインに対する相同性に基づいて分類した。本発明者らは、互いに100%の配列同一性を共有し、それらの触媒ドメイン内に保存CHAPドメインを有する、黄色ブドウ球菌ファージphiNM3溶解素(タンパク質アクセッション番号YP_908849)、黄色ブドウ球菌プロファージphi13アミダーゼ(アクセッション番号NP_803402)、黄色ブドウ球菌プロファージMW2アミダーゼ(アクセッション番号NP_646703.1)等を包含するいくつかの溶解素を同定した。しかしながら、これらの溶解素のC末端ドメインは、データベース中のいかなる既知のドメインに対しても相同性を呈さなかった(図1)。
細菌株(表1)を、37℃で通常どおり培養し−80℃で保存した。本研究で使用されたブドウ球菌株を、トリプチケースソイブロス(TSB)培地で培養し、連鎖球菌株をTHY(トッド・ヒューイットブロス、1%wt/vol酵母抽出物)培地で培養し、セレウス菌および緑膿菌をBHI(ブレイン・ハートインフュージョン)培地で培養し、一方、大腸菌はLB(ルリア・ベルターニ)培地で育成した。
ClySを、30℃にてラクトース(10g/500ml最終濃度)と共に大腸菌DH5α(pAD138)細胞から一晩誘導した。細胞を遠心分離によって回収し、緩衝液A(20mMリン酸緩衝液(PB)、1mM DTT(ジチオスレイトール))に再懸濁させ、そして400CでEmulsiFlex−C5高圧ホモジナイザー(Avestin)により溶解させた。溶解物を4℃、30分間の遠心分離(2×50,000×g)によって不純物を除去し(cleared)、上清をCMセファロースカラム(Amersham Pharmacia,ピスカタウェイ、ニュージャージー州)に適用した。ClySを、15カラム容量中0〜50%Bの直線勾配を用いた緩衝液A+1M NaClで溶出した。前述(Danielら、2001)される通りに溶解活性について画分を解析した。溶解活性を呈する画分を貯蔵し、緩衝液B(PB、1mM DTT、50mM NaCl)に対して一晩透析した。透析試料を、ハイドロキシアパタイト(MacroPrep TypeII 40μm、BioRad)カラムに適用し、20カラム容量中0〜100%Bの直線勾配を用いた溶出緩衝液(500mM PB+50mM NaCl+1mM DTT)で溶出した。画分を、SDS−PAGEにより解析し、そして溶出活性について解析した。ClySの活性できれいな(clean)画分を貯蔵し、緩衝液Bに対して透析した。タンパク質濃度を、BCA法(Sigma、セントルイス、ミズーリ州)で決定した。
ClyS活性を前述(Danielら、2001)のとおり、いくつかの変更を加えて測定した。簡単には、黄色ブドウ球菌株8325−4をOD600で0.25〜0.3まで培養し、遠心分離し、そして最終OD600で0.8〜1.0までPBに再懸濁させた。精製ClyS(100μl)の2倍の連続希釈を、96ウェルプレート(Costar)中の100μlの細菌懸濁液に添加し、OD600中での減少を37℃で30分間Spectramax Plus384分光光度計(Molecular Devices)によって観測した。1ミリリットルあたりの単位のClyS活性を、15分間に50%までに吸光度を減少させる、溶解素の最も高い希釈の逆数として定義した。
ClySの生存率アッセイを前述の通り(Nelsonら、2001)に試験した。簡単には、黄色ブドウ球菌株8325−4の対数相培養物をOD600で0.8〜1.0までPB中に再懸濁させた。50UのClySまたは相当する容量のPBを細菌細胞に添加し、アリコートを除去して、連続希釈し、そして処理された細胞とコントロール細胞の生存率を評価するために、1、5、10、30および60分で播種した。全ての実験を3回行った。様々な細菌株に対するClyS活性を前述の通り(Schuchら、2002)試験した。簡単には、対数相細菌細胞を、15分間37℃で50UのClySで処理した。試料を連続希釈して播種した。コントロール実験を、リン酸緩衝液(pH7.0)を加えて同条件下で実施した。
ClyS活性に対するpHの影響を、ユニバーサル緩衝系pH4〜10(Yoongら)を用いて前述のとおり決定した。簡単には、対数相8325−4細胞をユニバーサル緩衝系に再懸濁させ、15分間50UのClySと共にインキュベートした。各反応の最終pHをpH紙で検査した。試料を連続希釈して播種した。コントロールにおいて、ClySをPBと置き換えた。
黄色ブドウ球菌株8325−4を対数相で培養し、遠心分離し、そして600nmで1.0の吸光度までPBSに再懸濁させた。細菌懸濁液を室温で50UのClySと共にインキュベートした。グルタルアルデヒド(最終濃度2.5%)を添加することにより1分および5分後に溶解反応を停止した。懸濁液を遠心分離によってペレット化し、0.1Mカコジル酸緩衝液(pH7.4)中2.5%のグルタルアルデヒドをかぶせた(overlaid)。その後、試料を、1%オスミウムテトロキサイドで後固定し、酢酸ウラニルでブロック染色し、そしてロックフェラー大学電子顕微鏡サービスによる標準手順に従って現像した。
MRSA株を、対数相まで培養し、遠心分離して、約1010cfu/mlの所定のタイターまで再懸濁するであろう。鼻腔内感染のため、6週齢の雌のC57BL/6J、非近交系(outbread)SwissまたはBALB/cマウス(体重範囲22〜24g、Charles River Laboratories、ウィルミントン、マサチューセッツ州)を、ケタミン(Fort Dodge Animal Health、フォートドッジ、アイオワ州、1.2mg/動物)とキシラジン(Miles Inc.、シャウニー・ミッション、カンザス州、0.25mg/動物)との混合物で麻酔し、そして鼻孔(n=10)ごとに15μlの細菌懸濁液を接種するであろう。その動物を2群に分け、感染後6時間、およびその後3日間に亘って6時間毎に腹腔内に様々な濃度のClySまたは滅菌生理食塩水を投与するであろう。各群の生存率を、感染後7日間まで観察するであろう。腹腔内感染のため、マウスを100μlの細菌懸濁液で腹腔内に感染させるであろう(n=10)。その動物を2群に分け、感染後6時間、およびその後3日間に亘って6時間毎に腹腔内に様々な濃度のClySまたは滅菌生理食塩水を投与するであろう。各群の生存曲線を、感染後7日間まで観察するであろう。
ヒト前鼻腔におけるMSSAおよびMRSAの両方の保菌は、黄色ブドウ球菌感染の主要な感染源である。研究は、ほぼ80%の人々が黄色ブドウ球菌に経鼻的にコロニー形成(colonized)している可能性があり、コロニー形成は他のさらに重篤な黄色ブドウ球菌感染を発症するさらなるリスク因子となり得ることを示している(Kluytmans,J.,A.van Belkum.1997.Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus:epidemiology,underlying mechanisms,and associated risks.Clin Microbiol Rev 10(3):505−20.)。地域または病院における鼻腔保菌の撲滅は、従って、感染の危険を低減し薬剤耐性黄色ブドウ球菌の蔓延を減速し得る可能性があった(Kluytmansら、(1997))。ClySが鼻粘膜のMRSAのコロニー形成を低減する可能性を研究するため、C57BL/6Jマウスに、約2×107のMRSAの自発性(spontaneously)ストレプトマイシン耐性株(191SMR)を鼻腔内接種した。感染後24時間のマウスに、鼻腔内にリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(コントロール)またはClyS(960μg)のいずれかを毎時間3回投与した。最終処置の1時間後、マウスを屠殺し、細菌コロニーをスペクトルMRSA寒天(MRSAの鼻腔コロニー形成を診断的に検出するために開発された選択的発色培地)およびコロンビア血液寒天上で数え上げた。スペクトルMRSA寒天またはコロンビア血液寒天への播種間でCFUにおいて顕著な相違は得られなかった(データ示さず)。各処置群について合計20匹のマウスを評価するために、3つの独立した実験を行った(図11)。緩衝液単独コントロールに比べ(平均12,273CFU/窩洞)、ClyS処置(平均1198CFU/窩洞)は、鼻腔粘膜状の平均CFUを顕著に(P<0.001)減少させた。
Claims (23)
- 第1のブドウ球菌特異的ファージ溶解素の触媒ドメインと、第2のブドウ球菌特異的ファージ溶解素の結合ドメインとを含む、キメラバクテリオファージ溶解素。
- 前記キメラバクテリオファージ溶解素が黄色ブドウ球菌に対する殺活性を有する、請求項1に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 前記キメラ溶解素が、前記結合ドメインのN末端に結合している触媒ドメインからなる、請求項2に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 前記結合ドメインが配列番号1のポリペプチド配列を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 前記触媒ドメインがTwortエンドペプチダーゼドメインである、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 前記バクテリオファージ溶解素が配列番号2のポリペプチド配列を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 前記バクテリオファージ溶解素が配列番号2の単離されたポリペプチド配列からなる、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 前記バクテリオファージ溶解素が黄色ブドウ球菌のメチシリン耐性株およびメチシリン感受性株に対して殺活性を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 複数のブドウ球菌種に対して殺活性を有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 前記溶解素が表皮ブドウ球菌を殺す、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- pH範囲約4〜10にわたりブドウ球菌細菌に対する殺活性を有する、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 前記溶解素が、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)中で少なくとも約3mg/mLの溶解度を有する、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のキメラ溶解素。
- 請求項1に記載のキメラバクテリオファージ溶解素による、ブドウ球菌感染を有する哺乳動物の処置方法。
- 請求項1に記載のキメラバクテリオファージ溶解素による、ブドウ球菌がコロニー形成した哺乳動物の感染症の予防方法。
- ブドウ球菌細菌に特異的に結合する配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドを試料と接触させて、前記試料中の前記ペプチドを検出する工程を含む、ブドウ球菌細菌の存在を検出する方法。
- 前記ペプチドがGFP蛍光レポーティング融合タンパク質である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドが、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水中で少なくとも約1mg/mLの溶解度を有する、請求項12〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドが、大腸菌、セレウス菌および緑膿菌からなる群より選択される1以上のさらなる細菌の存在下においてブドウ球菌細菌に選択的に結合する、請求項12〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドが、第1のブドウ球菌特異的ファージ溶解素の触媒ドメインと、配列番号1の結合ドメインとを含む可溶性キメラバクテリオファージ溶解素である、請求項12〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドが配列番号2(ClyS)のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項12〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドが配列番号2(ClyS)のアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項12〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載のキメラバクテリオファージ溶解素を含む、多孔質または非多孔質表面の衛生化または浄化するための抗微生物組成物。
- 感染性細菌を含有する疑いのある非生物表面を浄化するための方法であって、殺菌的または静菌的に有効な量の請求項22に記載の組成物による前記表面の処理を含む、方法。
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015521178A (ja) * | 2012-05-09 | 2015-07-27 | コントラフェクト コーポレイション | バクテリオファージ溶解素によるバイオフィルムの防止、破壊および処置 |
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| CN115820616A (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2023-03-21 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种带荧光标记的噬菌体裂解酶及其应用 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015521178A (ja) * | 2012-05-09 | 2015-07-27 | コントラフェクト コーポレイション | バクテリオファージ溶解素によるバイオフィルムの防止、破壊および処置 |
| JP2018087242A (ja) * | 2012-05-09 | 2018-06-07 | コントラフェクト コーポレイション | バクテリオファージ溶解素によるバイオフィルムの防止、破壊および処置 |
| JP2020189860A (ja) * | 2012-05-09 | 2020-11-26 | コントラフェクト コーポレイション | バクテリオファージ溶解素によるバイオフィルムの防止、破壊および処置 |
| JP2022163214A (ja) * | 2012-05-09 | 2022-10-25 | コントラフェクト コーポレイション | バクテリオファージ溶解素によるバイオフィルムの防止、破壊および処置 |
| JP7368018B2 (ja) | 2012-05-09 | 2023-10-24 | コントラフェクト コーポレイション | バクテリオファージ溶解素によるバイオフィルムの防止、破壊および処置 |
| JP2021527699A (ja) * | 2018-06-22 | 2021-10-14 | コントラフェクト コーポレイション | 溶解素及びその誘導体がスタフィロコッカス・アウレウス及びグラム陽性細菌を抗生物質に再感作する |
| JP2023517057A (ja) * | 2020-03-06 | 2023-04-21 | エンドリティクス テクノロジー インコーポレイテッド | 細胞内細菌感染症を治療するための組成物及び方法 |
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| US20120258088A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
| EP2307557A2 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
| JP5758291B2 (ja) | 2015-08-05 |
| CA2984933A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
| US8840900B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
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| US11827911B2 (en) | 2023-11-28 |
| US10053681B2 (en) | 2018-08-21 |
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| US20150064156A1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
| CA2984933C (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| AU2009266982A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
| WO2010002959A2 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
| US20190055533A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
| AU2009266982B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
| US11015182B2 (en) | 2021-05-25 |
| JP6169632B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
| CA2729160C (en) | 2017-11-14 |
| EP2307557A4 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| AU2015230807B2 (en) | 2017-07-27 |
| EP3263588A1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
| CA2729160A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
| AU2015230807A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
| HK1248722A1 (en) | 2018-10-19 |
| EP2307557B1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
| US20210348146A1 (en) | 2021-11-11 |
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