JP2011511241A - System for evaporating and heat pump, apparatus and method for removing gas from system - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for removing a first gas from a system (2) comprising a second different gas, the apparatus comprising a collection tank (10) for collecting said first gas, said collection tank ( 10) includes a variable inlet opening (5) for introducing the first gas into the collection tank, the inlet opening being in communication with the system and from the collection tank (10) The collection tank (10), the collection tank (10) including a variable outlet opening (4) for allowing the first gas to escape, the variable outlet opening being unable to communicate with the system; Means (1) for generating a pressure within the range of 10), which is higher than the pressure of the atmosphere outside the variable outlet opening, the inlet opening (5) and the outlet opening The part (4) is configured so that the pressure in the collection tank (10) In the discharge mode, where the pressure is higher than the pressure in the outlet opening (5), the inlet opening (5) is mounted to have a higher fluid resistance than the outlet opening (4), and the second gas is connected to the outlet opening. It is mounted to be able to output from the collection tank (10) via the part (4), and in the collection mode, the outlet opening (4) has a higher fluid resistance than the inlet opening (5). To be implemented.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to treating different gases, and in particular to removing a first gas from a system that includes a second different gas.

  One example for a system containing a specific gas is a heat pump evaporator. In a heat pump, the working liquid is changed into working vapor by a respective combination of pressure and temperature. Thus, in many cases, a synthetic fluid is used as the working liquid. On the other hand, as shown in International Publication No. 2007/118482, there is a liquid acting on a heat pump that acts on water. In such a heat pump with water as the working liquid, for example, ground water, sea water or water circulating in a cycle, heated by, for example, an earth collector or earth borer, Generally, it is evaporated at a low pressure, for example at a temperature of 12 ° C. Water vapor having a low temperature present at low pressure is compressed by means of a compressor, thereby increasing both temperature and pressure. Warm compressed water vapor is converted back to water in the liquefier. Here, the working liquid is heated in a liquefier and this energy can be supplied to a thermal cycle such as heating a building.

  It has been found that the efficiency of the heat pump is highest when the evaporator actually contains only the desired vapor or the desired gas. And it requires specific requirements for specific pressure / temperature ratios. If the heat pump is operated with a working liquid different from water, the highest efficiency is only obtained when in fact only exactly this working liquid vapor is present in the evaporator. There is a similar situation when water is used as the working liquid. In this case, an efficient heat pump is best when only water vapor is present in the evaporator. The permeation of “external gas” that occurs in any way is therefore undesirable for the efficiency of the heat pump and must be reduced in this way or completely prevented.

  One option for minimizing external gas permeation is, for example, to operate the heat pump under vacuum. This is associated with corresponding difficulties in technical feasibility that can be solved. However, it can have a high financial effect. However, even when a high effect is achieved, it is not possible to completely prevent the external gas from dissolving. At all times, as gaskets and other plastic materials age, holes are formed. As described above, even when the material itself is waterproof, there is generally gas diffusion throughout the material.

  Therefore, the effect for avoiding the penetration of the external gas can be increased arbitrarily, but the penetration of the external gas cannot be completely avoided. Therefore, a second problem is how external gases are to be handled when they are present within the system. Thereafter, the external gas must be removed from the evaporator anyway. For example, external gas can be collected from the system and pumped. However, since heat pumps are usually operated in such a way that the pressure present in the evaporator is very different from atmospheric pressure, pumping from the external atmosphere from the system occurs from low pressure to high pressure. For example, if a heat pump operating with water as the working liquid is considered, it may happen that the external gas has a pressure of 10 mbar and must be pumped against an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar. Can be done. It is clear that a very powerful pump is necessary for this. And it must handle only small emissions, but it must overcome extreme high pressure differences.

  Therefore, the high pressure differential involves the problem of avoiding external gas penetration in the heat pump that exists between the working pressure in the evaporator, which refers to the pressure outside the system, and atmospheric pressure, while on the other hand, Removing external gases from the system in which they are dissolved is very expensive and expensive.

  On the other hand, considering the high prices for fossil fuels, the market for heat pumps is increasing. This has the effect of increased competition in this market. Since an important part of the heat pump market is usually in the area of private homes that are extremely price conscious, the final price of whether a heat pump system can be offered is underestimated as to whether it will be supported in the market This is not a factor.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a concept for efficient and strong external gas removal.

International Publication No. 2007/118482

  The object is from an apparatus for removing a first gas from a system according to claim 1, an evaporating system according to claim 12, a heat pump according to claim 16, and a system according to claim 17. 19. A method for removing a first gas, or a computer program according to claim 18.

  The present invention is based on the knowledge of the unique design of the inlet and outlet openings of the chamber vessel for the external gas. And it is implemented in a variable way, and by providing a specific means for generating pressure in the collection tank, the pressure is increased by generating a second gas in the collection tank. Efficient and robust measures for removing external gases from the system are obtained. By closing the inlet openings for external gases at a pressure in the collection tank, which is higher than the pressure in the system, then usually opening the inlet openings at a much higher pressure, these external gases are collected in the collection tank. Discharged from. This “exhaust” of the external gas occurs by means of a second gas generated by the means for generating pressure. Here, the second gas is the same gas that mainly fills the system.

  Accordingly, the external gas is confined in the collection tank. The inlet opening is then closed when the collection tank is emptied. Thereafter, the pressure in the collection tank increases due to the generation of the second gas in the collection tank. Until then, the outlet opening is opened. Thereafter, the collection tank is actually “flushed free” by means of a second gas. Here, this “flushing out” is more efficient and faster, and the higher pressure in the collection tank is compared to atmospheric pressure. And when an exit opening part opens, quick pressure relaxation occurs from a collection tank to air | atmosphere. Normally, if the pressure in the collection tank drops to a value above atmospheric pressure, the outlet opening can be closed again and the inlet opening can be opened.

  The remaining pressure present in the collection tank is replenished in connection with the system by outputting a second gas. It is then generated by means for generating pressure and remains in the collection tank as water vapor into the system itself without being discharged towards the atmosphere. However, this is not a problem because the second gas is not present in the external gas in relation to the gas on which the evaporator acts, but is the “desired gas”. Relaxing the collection tank to the vaporizing space needed to prepare the collection tank for receiving external gas represents the process. And it does not harm the general evaporation process in the evaporator and cooperates. After the discharge process has taken place, the output of water vapor from the collection tank to the evaporator supports the evaporation process. And it runs in parallel anyway. This is also advantageous in that the existing energy released by the relaxation is not output to the atmosphere and remains the process itself.

  Within the scope of application in heat pumps, in particular, this is a great effect. This is because there is always an activity to keep the heat loss as low as possible in the heat pump in order to obtain a minimal ratio of wasted electrical energy to extracted heat energy.

  Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. They are shown below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for removing a first gas from a system. FIG. 2 is a preferred embodiment of an apparatus for removal of a system, for example implemented as an evaporator. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat pump having an evaporator according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the method of the present invention for removing a first gas from a system containing a different second gas. FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration for illustrating a liquefier having a gas removal device. FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram illustrating the functionality of the apparatus for removing gas of FIG. 6b is a detailed schematic view of the apparatus for removing gas of FIG. 6a.

  FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for removing a first gas from a system containing a second different gas. Here, the system is indicated by 2. The apparatus comprises in particular a collection tank 10 for collecting the first gas. Here, the first gas is also referred to as “external gas”. On the other hand, the second different gas is also referred to as a “useful gas”. Furthermore, the collection tank 10 includes a variable inlet opening 5 for putting a first gas, which means an external gas, into the collection tank. Furthermore, the collection tank 10 includes a variable outlet opening 4 for letting out a first gas, meaning external gas, from the collection tank. Here, the variable outlet opening does not communicate with the collection tank. However, the variable inlet opening is in communication with the system.

  Furthermore, the device for removing external gas comprises means 1 for generating the pressure in the collection tank. And it is higher than the pressure of the system 2. In particular, the means 1 for generating pressure is implemented to increase the pressure in the collection tank by producing a second gas, meaning a gas useful in the collection tank.

  In the preferred embodiment described below, the means 1 for generating pressure includes a heater disposed in the liquid present in the collection tank 10 in which a second gas representing a useful gas is present. The means 1 for generating pressure is connected to the control unit 9. Depending on the implementation, the control unit 9 is implemented to activate the means 1 for periodically generating pressure in response to specific events or specific determined or undecided measures. Furthermore, as indicated by the dotted control lines in FIG. 1, the controller 9 needs to be implemented to actively control the outlet opening 4 and the inlet opening 5. However, the outlet opening 4 and the inlet opening 5 can be implemented to operate passively. Then, means simply by pressure fluctuations or pressure differences are applied to the openings or the vents of these openings between the high pressure side and the low pressure side.

  Therefore, the device for removing the first gas from the system has a discharge mode in which the inlet opening is closed and the outlet opening is open. It should be noted that the opening need not be fully opened and closed. Instead, it is sufficient that the inlet opening has a higher fluid resistance than the outlet opening when the discharge mode is being performed. The situation is similar in the collection mode. In the collection mode, the inlet opening is open and the outlet opening can be closed. Here, it is not always necessary that the complete state is mainstream. In the collection mode, it is sufficient that the outlet opening has a higher fluid resistance than the inlet opening. In drain mode, the fluid resistance is such that when fluid is present at the outlet opening, the fluid in the collection tank has a lower fluid resistance compared to when the fluid must drain from the inlet opening to the system. It means you have to overcome. In the collection mode, the fluid resistance is such that the second gas from the system in the collection tank must overcome the smaller fluid resistance as compared to the case where the gas must enter from the atmosphere via the outlet opening. Means that. This ensures that external gas is collected in the collection tank. And it comes mostly from the system, not from the atmosphere. As previously discussed, the inlet and outlet openings need not be completely closed or opened. The process of draining the collection tank is repeated as often as desired, so it is not critical that the gas be completely removed. Therefore, if the discharge process is not completely successful, the discharge process is simply repeated once or several times. Here, the limitation is simply a means of generating a second gas that needs to be supplied, sufficient to generate pressure, or the ability of energy required to generate the second gas. .

  FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of an apparatus for generating a first gas from the system. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 2, the working liquid in the evaporator is water, and the working liquid is present at a particular level in the evaporator, indicated by 11. Water is present below level 11, while water vapor is present above level 11. The inlet opening 5 is implemented as a flap or a check valve, respectively, where the outlet opening 4 is implemented as a safety valve.

  The collection tank is designed so that the collection tank in which the moisture content 11 is stored in the heat source 1 is arranged. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the heat source implements a means for generating pressure in the collection tank. This is because when the water in the moisture amount 11 is warmed, water vapor representing the second gas is generated in the collection tank. As a result, the pressure rises in the collection tank 10. And when the outlet opening is closed, it acts on each of its flaps 5 or check valves at some point. Then, water vapor cannot escape from the collection tank into the system because the outlet opening is closed. However, when the pressure in the collection tank further rises to the indicated value of the safety valve, the outlet opening opens at the same time. For example, if the atmospheric pressure is 1 bar, the safety valve is implemented to open at pressures above 1 bar, for example 1.1-1.5 bar or 2 bar. For example, if the valve opens just above atmospheric pressure, as a result, no gas will enter the atmosphere. As soon as enough water is evaporated by the heat source 1 and the pressure in the collection tank rises to the trigger pressure of the safety valve 4, the safety valve opens and a relatively fast pressure relief between the collection tank and the atmosphere occurs. This has the effect that water vapor mixed with external gas in the collection tank is rapidly output to the atmosphere via the safety valve 4. The remainder in the collection tank has less external gas than before opening the safety valve. This is because the gas flowing through the safety valve contains water vapor but also contains a certain proportion of external gas.

  In some stages, the safety valve is closed and the inlet valve is opened to prepare the collection tank again for the external gas to collect. Thus, if the outlet opening is open, pressure may be maintained in the collection tank. And it is higher than the evaporator pressure. However, this is not critical. This is because this pressure is compensated immediately after opening the inlet opening. However, the gas moving from the collection tank to the evaporator volume is not an external gas or a gas having only a very low proportion of external gas. As mentioned above, the energy it has is also converted into the evaporation process of the entire system. And it is particularly advantageous when an environmental protection system such as a heat pump is considered. Here, “waste of energy” must also be avoided.

  Furthermore, FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the collection tank. Thus, the inlet openings are the same height so as to satisfy the water level 11. This allows any external gas heavier than water vapor to move down in the water vapor space above the water level 11 until the external gas “falls” into the collection tank via the inlet opening. The point that the amount of moisture is arranged in the collection tank and around the heating means or heat source 1 is also advantageous in that the arrangement of the inlet opening in FIG. 2 can be filled through the inlet opening, and The water is sure to flow into the collection tank through the inlet opening.

  At the same time, the water content 12 in the collection tank can be replenished for each discharge.

For example, the external gas to be required, such as air, is collected in the collection tank 10 within the system 2. For example, this collection occurs by gravity when the external gas is heavier than water vapor. And that is the case for many external gases of interest, for example air, O ₂ , CO ₂ or N ₂ . If the collection tank in FIG. 2 is positioned above the volume, an external gas that is lighter than water vapor can be easily trapped. That means that the inlet opening 5 is arranged at the position of the evaporator as far as possible, for example at the position indicated by the arrow 14.

  In this case where the preferred external gas is collected “by gravity”, a moisture content 3 is present at the bottom of the collection tank 10. This is heated, for example, by means of a heat source. The previous “reproduction heater” evaporates. This further increases the pressure in the tank. With the outlet valve 4 provided in particular, this means that the external gas travels outside. At the same time, it is avoided that the external gas cannot penetrate deeply into the closed system 2 of the heat pump evaporator. This is ensured by the outlet opening 5.

  In the present embodiment, the heat source 1 can be automatically turned on / off depending on the situation. For example, 2-3 liters of water can be superheated to the required evaporation temperature in approximately 30 seconds by an energy source having 1 kW power.

  The heat source 1 can be activated periodically by the control unit 9 (shown in FIG. 1) once a day or once every 12 hours. Alternatively, heat source activation can occur at certain detection events, such as system switching or external gas detector alarms (not shown in FIG. 2). Furthermore, the control unit 9 is mounted so as to end the heating again after a specific time or in response to a specific event. Thus, in the deviations between the actual operations, predetermined collection tank ratios and the pressures to be considered actually occur, but these deviations are within certain limits. In the embodiment, the control unit switches off the heat source again after a specific time. Here, this time is selected such that the safety valve 4 has already been discharged if a discharge process has occurred. However, the control unit 9 can also receive from the outlet valve by specific feedback information (information regarding the fact that the discharge process has occurred). As a result, heating the moisture amount 3 can be terminated again. Therefore, in this embodiment, the control unit 9 controls the control so that the evaporation of the moisture amount 3 continues slightly longer than the time for starting the safety valve, regardless of whether the opening of the outlet valve is detected. The part can be programmed. As a result, the generated vapor carries the final residue of the external gas from the collection tank with it to the atmosphere. Between 1 and 5 minutes, the already activated output opening can supply enough water present in the collection tank for evaporation. For example, the heating element 1 is mounted in a spiral electric heat shape and is not depleted.

  In the following, the cycle of the collection mode and the discharge mode is illustrated in detail based on FIG. In the first step 40, it is assumed that the inlet opening is open and the outlet opening is closed. At that time, the collection tank is in the collection mode and the collection of external gas occurs. In step 41, an event is detected. This event can be an external event, or in the case of periodic control, detection of a specific time or a specific time span as an event. In response to detecting the event in step 41, in step 42, the pressure in the collection tank is actively increased. This occurs, for example, due to water evaporation as shown. Alternatively, on the other hand, water vapor can be pumped into the collection tank from the outside via the respective piping. Here, this implementation is advantageous if, other than in the collection tank, the electrical contact of the heat source 1 is not useful for several reasons. Thus, the pressure within the collection tank increases further until the inlet opening is closed. On the other hand, as shown in step 43, the outlet opening is always closed. If the pressure increases to reach the safety valve switching threshold, the output opening is opened. Here, the inlet opening remains closed. This has the effect that external gas is pushed out. And that means the device is in discharge mode. Exhausting the external gas has the effect of reducing the pressure in the collection tank. This is because the overpressure within the collection tank relaxes towards the atmosphere as illustrated at 45. Due to the pressure relief that occurs passively as opposed to increasing the pressure, the output opening closes in several stages, and at the same time, in the case of the passive inlet opening, the pressure at the check valve is Further lower. Then, the check valve or flap shown in FIG. 2 is opened, and the entire device again enters the collection mode.

  FIG. 3 shows an application of the inventive apparatus or inventive method. And it is a heat pump for warming a building and is illustrated based on FIG. The heat pump comprises an evaporator 2 in which a device for removing gas is arranged. The water vapor generated in the range of the evaporator is supplied to the compressor 30 via steam piping at low temperature and low pressure. It then compresses the vapor, converts it to high temperature and pressure, and feeds it into the piping 32. It then leads into the liquefier 33. In the liquefier, the vapor at high pressure is liquefied. It then releases the energy supplied to the building via the heating pipe 34. At 35, the liquid return line is illustrated to form a closed circuit. However, the system can also function as an open circuit. Here, the liquefier emits extra liquid to the environment, while the evaporator obtains liquid that evaporates from the environment.

  Although it has been mentioned above that the device of the invention for removing gas, also called gas trap, is arranged in the evaporator, the gas trap can additionally or alternatively be arranged within the scope of the liquefier. External gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and carbon dioxide or general air from the environment are particularly problematic in liquefiers. Because, when they enter the evaporator, the compressor sucks from these gases. Usually it is important to obtain a rough vacuum in order to produce an optimal evaporation and condensation process of water, but the external gas is more damaging in the liquefier than in the evaporator.

    The arrangement of the device of the present invention, also called gas trap 50 in the liquefier 51 of the heat pump, is shown in FIG. In particular, FIG. 5 shows a heat pump in which the liquefier is placed above the evaporator. However, this device need not necessarily be used to implement the gas trap of the present invention. Water vapor is input to the compressor 53 via the first gas channel 52 where it is compressed and discharged via the second gas channel 54. The exhausted gas, which is compressed and thus meaning hot water vapor, is preferably directed by the laminarization means 55, preferably to the condenser water. And it can be done, for example, in a honeycomb shape or in different ways. It then flows out through the condenser channel 56 via a disc-shaped or funnel-shaped condenser outlet 57. It should be noted that the condenser outlet 57 is typically rotationally symmetric and preferably includes a turbulence generator 58 to increase the efficiency of the condenser.

  The external gas sucked by the compressor motor 53 by the evaporator is directed to the condenser water 56 and as a result of the gas flow through the laminarization 55 it flows out from the center above the turbulence generator 58. . And it can be implemented in the form of a wire netting, for example. It shows that the external gas is carried laterally by the condenser water between the laminarization 55 and the condenser water surface.

  A seal lip 59 is provided to separate the lower gas region 60 from the upper gas region 61 for external gas to concentrate close to the gas trap 50. In that way, the sealing lip 59 need not necessarily provide a complete sealing. However, it ensures that the external gas transported by the condenser water in the condenser 57 concentrates under the condenser outlet 57 in the gas region 60. Since external gases are heavier than water vapor, they fall into the gas trap 50 due to gravity. However, the diffusion process operates against gravity in that the external gas in region 60 and the gas trap also wants to have a similar enrichment. Therefore, this diffusion treatment acts against the gravitational effect of the gas trap. However, this is relatively unproblematic. This is because the concentration of external gas no longer occurs in the region where condensation occurs except under the exhaust port 57. The reel lip 59 prevents the concentration in the region 60 and the region 61 from being set to the same value. At the same time, the concentration of external gas in region 60 is always higher than in region 61 and a good trapping effect for the external gas in gas trap 50 results.

  It should be noted that the effect of the present invention of concentrating external gas in region 60 is compared to region 61, where there is no laminarization means 55 or even without turbulence generator 58. The actual condensation that occurs occurs simply because of the sealing lip 59. And it affects the separation of the upper region 61 from the lower region 60, or each, and fluidizes, or more in the region around the gas trap compared to the region where the greatest part of fluidization occurs. Represents a means to implement the effect of high external gas concentration.

  However, the effect of the sealing lip 59 that separates the liquefier exhaust port or the upper region of the liquefier funnel 57 from the region below the liquefier funnel 57 is further improved in that the laminarization means 55 exists. To increase. This is because, as soon as they hit the water flow 56 at the liquefier outlet 57, the external gas will no longer disappear. However, it actually forces to operate in the direction and below the sealing lip for concentration in the region of the gas trap 50. This behavior is further increased by the turbulence generator 58. Because this causes more turbulence and the same is also within the region 61 above, it is also more confined to helping to trap and carry the external gas It is because it has a high effect.

  6a shows a basic illustration of the functionality illustrated based on the heat pump or heat pump liquefier 51 of FIG. In FIG. 6 a, it is particularly emphasized how the region 260 below the outlet 57 is separated from the upper region 61 by the sealing lip 59. Also, as clearly illustrated in FIG. 6a, it has been laminarized by laminator 55, as shown by arrow 69, and in the path to lower region 60, as shown by arrow 68. Alongside this, the separation need not be sealed as long as the external gas is more likely to follow the turbulent water vapor compared to the possibility that the external gas will again enter the upper region. This causes external gas concentration to occur in region 60. As a result, the diffusion effect is actually reduced from the gas trap 50 and does not significantly affect the efficiency of the gas trap.

  Depending on the implementation, it is preferable to implement a gas trap similar to FIG. 6b. To that end, the gas trap has a relatively long neck 70 which extends between the collection tank 71 and preferably the existing inlet region 72. And it can have a funnel shape. However, the length of the neck 70 is not critical, but at least the lower part of the collection tank 10 is arranged in a cold area, for example the evaporator 2 of the heat pump. This means that the warm water vapor from the region 60 of the liquefier comes into contact with the cold surface of the collection tank 1. Thereby, condensation of water vapor occurs. This result of constant water vapor flows into the collection tank along the neck 70 and into the funnel 72. This is because the water vapor condenses in the cold wall region 60 of the collection tank located within the evaporator 2. On the other hand, the resulting flow to the gas trap has the effect of also bringing external gas into the collection tank and at the same time has the effect of storing the water in the collection tank. It can then be heated by the pressure generating means 1 in the form of a heating helix for effective steam discharge. Preferably, in the form of a honeycomb structure, laminarization means 73 are arranged at the funnel opening for improving the efficiency of the gas trap.

  When the heat pump is implemented such that the liquefier is positioned above the evaporator, the preferred embodiment is to position the evaporator, or generally the wall of the collection tank 10 in the cold part of the system. Is particularly advantageous. In this embodiment, the neck 70 reaches the bottom through the liquefier to the evaporator to form a cold condensing wall. On the one hand, it ensures that a steady gas flow occurs in the gas trap, while water is present in the gas trap. It can then be heated to increase the pressure in the collection tank. As a result, the discharge of external gas occurs at certain events.

  For example, like region 60 in FIG. 6a, the gravity effect is described above to support the input of water vapor concentrated by an external gas in the “capture range” of the gas trap. It is not always necessary for it. For example, “providing” an already chilled wall, such as the wall of the collection tank 10, has the effect that the condensed gas flows from the outside of the gas trap to the inside of the gas trap. Independent of whether the flow is supported by gravity effects.

  The cold region of the gas trap preferably obtained by placing at least a part of the gas trap, and in particular the portion of the cold region of the gas trap collection vessel 10 outside the evaporator of the heat pump, It can also be obtained by actively trapping gas trap regions or, for example, by arranging gas trap regions that are supposed to be “cold” regions. If the heat pump is located, for example, in a basement with an internal temperature of about 10 degrees or 15 degrees, this temperature difference is likely to be a reasonable gas flow if the liquefier temperature level is probably 50 degrees. Is already enough. And the cold area of the gas trap does not necessarily have to be placed directly in the evaporator of the heat pump. Here, a temperature lower than that in the basement is the mainstream. Usually, the gas trap has a region having an effect that gas flows into the gas trap. As a result, the external gas is carried along with water vapor to the gas trap.

  And external gas does not condense and therefore does not remain, while water vapor condensation occurs in the cold region of the gas trap. This causes an increase in the concentration of external gas in the gas trap collection tank. It is then reduced in the next discharge cycle.

  The greater the concentration of external gas in the gas trap collection vessel 10, the more intense it will flow to direct external gas from the inlet opening to the gas trap collection vessel. This is because a diffuse flow exists for the external gas because of the increased concentration within the collection tank. And it opposes the flow of water vapor with external gas in the collection tank 10.

  As a result of the increased concentration of external gas in the collection tank, this opposing flow initiates the discharge mode to resist stopping the external gas from being taken into the collection tank 10. Therefore, the liquid water produced in the collection tank is evaporated by concentration of water vapor. As a result, the pressure in the range of the collection tank 10, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 6b, the contents of the collection tank consisting of vaporized water and in particular external gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the outlet opening. It increases very much.

  The discharge mode is shorter than the collection mode. Here, a flow to the collection tank 10 occurs and water vapor condenses. The collection mode is as much as the discharge mode, and preferably 3 times, as the flow to the collection tank 10 occurs. Here, the more the discharge to the atmosphere occurs through the outlet opening, the more water in the collection tank is evaporated due to the increased pressure within the collection tank. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the collection mode takes 10 or more times as much as the discharge mode. For example, the collection mode takes more than 1 minute and the drain mode lasts only 6 seconds or less.

  Although it has been described above that the seal lip 59 usually acts as a means for separating the regions and increases the efficiency of the gas trap, due to the basic functionality of the gas trap, the seal lip 59 is It should be noted that this is not always necessary. Thus, regardless of whether external gas enrichment has already occurred in the lower region 60, flow to the gas trap always occurs because of the cold region of the gas trap. Here, as soon as the external gas remains, condensation of the water vapor takes place in the cold air of the gas trap. This already results in an increase in the concentration of external gas within the collection tank 10 due to this effect. Here, these external gases are then discharged in the next discharge mode. And that means they are removed from the entire system.

  Depending on the situation, the inventive method may be implemented in hardware or in software. The implementation can be performed in particular on a disc or CD digital storage medium having electronically readable control signals. It can then cooperate with a programmable computer system so that the method is executed. Thus, usually when a computer program product is executed on a computer, the present invention also comprises a computer program having program code stored on a carrier that can be read by a machine for performing the method of the present invention. In other words, when the computer program is executed by a computer, the present invention can be realized as a computer program having a program code for executing the method.

Claims (30)

An apparatus for removing a first gas from a system (2) comprising a second different gas, the apparatus comprising:
A collection tank (10) for collecting the first gas, wherein the collection tank (10)
A variable inlet opening (5) for introducing said first gas into said collection tank (10), said inlet opening being in communication with said system; and ,
A variable outlet opening (4) for escaping the first gas from the collection tank (10), wherein the outlet opening cannot communicate with the system. When,
The collection tank (10) comprising:
Means (1) for generating a pressure in the collection tank (10) that is higher than the pressure of the atmosphere outside the variable outlet opening;
A device comprising:
In the discharge mode where the pressure in the collection tank (10) is higher than the pressure in the atmosphere, the inlet opening (5) and the outlet opening (4) It is mounted so as to have a higher fluid resistance than the outlet opening (4), and is mounted so that the second gas can be output from the collection tank (10) via the outlet opening (4). And in the collecting mode, the outlet opening (4) is implemented to have a higher fluid resistance than the inlet opening (5). The means (1) for increasing is:
The apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a heater (1) implemented to evaporate a liquid representing the second gas in the gas phase. The second gas is water vapor, the first gas is air, a gas different from the vapor as O _2, N _2, CO _2, wherein the liquid is water, according to claim 2 Equipment.   The inlet opening (5) is a one-way valve device, and the inlet opening (5) must overcome the gaseous fluid resistance to reach the system from the collection tank (10). 4. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, mounted for taking gas from the system into the collection tank (10) having a smaller fluid resistance.   The device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet opening (5) comprises a flap or a check valve.   The outlet opening (4) is a normally closed safety valve, and the outlet opening (4) opens when the internal pressure of the collection tank (10) is higher than the pressure outside the system, respectively. 6. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5, implemented as described above.   7. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein an operating pressure within the system is less than a pressure outside the system.   8. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the operating pressure of the system is less than 1/50 of the pressure outside the system.   The collection tank (10) is sized to allow filling of the liquid volume, and the liquid volume is higher than the pressure outside the outlet opening of the collection tank (10). 9. A device according to any preceding claim, which is sufficient to increase the pressure within a range.   Said means for increasing (1) is implemented to generate pressure periodically or automatically at a specific event, and is implemented to terminate the pressure increase again after a time period or further event. 10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   The inlet opening (5) or the outlet opening (4) comprises an active valve and is implemented to open or close depending on the pressure difference applied to the same. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10.   The collection tank is arranged or mounted such that the collection tank includes an area where the operating temperature is lower than the operating temperature at the system location where the inlet opening of the collection tank communicates. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11.   The first gas in the system is present outside the collection tank at the temperature above the temperature of condensation of the first gas that is less than or less than the collection tank; 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the temperature at the location in the collection tank is less than the temperature of the first gas condenser when it enters the periphery of the location.   14. An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet region (72) is connected to the collection tank (10) via a neck (70).   15. A device according to any preceding claim, wherein the inlet region is a funnel shape that tapers towards the neck.   A laminarization component (73) is placed in the inlet region to effect gas flow on the neck (70), so that after exiting the laminarization component and the laminarization The device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the device is made more laminar than before entering the component.   17. The inlet region (72) is arranged in a liquefier of a heat pump, and at least a part of the collection tank (10) is arranged in an evaporator of a heat pump. The device described. A system for evaporating, said system comprising:
An evaporator cover implemented to maintain a pressure within the system less than a pressure outside the system;
An apparatus for removal according to claim 1 to 17,
Including
The system, wherein the inlet opening (5) of the collection tank (10) is arranged such that the inlet opening (5) communicates with an evaporator region within the evaporator cover.   The evaporator cover is further mounted to receive a working liquid to evaporate, and the evaporator cover operates the system for evaporating the inlet opening (5) of the collection tank (2). The first gas is implemented to communicate with the collection tank (10) through the inlet opening (5) in the behavior of gravity. 19. The system for evaporating according to claim 18, wherein:   20. A system for evaporating according to claim 18 or claim 19, wherein the collection tank (10) is arranged in the working liquid.   The collection tank (10) includes a working liquid that can be heated to produce the second gas in the collection tank, the working liquid being the same as that within the collection tank (10). 21. The system for evaporation according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the system is a liquid.   The system for evaporating according to any of claims 18 to 21, wherein the working liquid is water. Heat pump
An evaporator (2) comprising a system for evaporating according to claims 18-22;
A compressor (30) connected to the evaporator (2) for compressing the vapor generated by the evaporator (2);
A liquefier (33) coupled to the compressor (30) to obtain compressed steam;
Including, heat pump. The liquefier
A liquefier region such as a first gas and a second gas in which a gaseous working stream to be liquefied exists;
An apparatus for removing the first gas according to any of claims 1 to 17,
Including liquefier. Implemented for heat pump,
The liquefier region includes a gas supply region (61) and an external gas collection region (60), and the gas supply region (61) and the external gas collection region (60) are separated by a separating means (59), Higher external gas enrichment occurs in the external gas collection region (60) compared to the gas supply region (61), and
In the apparatus for removing the first gas, the external gas is a collection tank (10) of the apparatus.
25. A liquefier according to claim 24, arranged in relation to the external gas collection area so that it can be input to.   26. Apparatus according to claim 24 or claim 25, wherein a laminar flow generator and / or a turbulence generator (58) is arranged.   The liquefier has a liquefier outlet (57) through which liquefier water flows out and can be taken in contact with water vapor within the supply area (61) for liquefaction purposes. 27. Apparatus according to any of claims 24 to 26.   An evaporator is disposed below the liquefier in the intake direction, and a supply area of the device for removing external gas is disposed within the liquefier, and is more heat pump than the evaporator or the liquefier 28. Any one of claims 24 to 27, disposed in at least one region of a number of the collection tanks within the evaporator outside of a heat pump to communicate more thermally with the environment. The liquefier described in 1. A method for removing a first gas from a system comprising a second different gas, the method comprising:
Collecting the first gas in a collection mode;
In a discharge mode, discharging the first gas from the collection tank to the atmosphere outside the system;
In response to an event (41), increasing the pressure within the collection tank (10) by bringing the second gas into the collection tank;
Including
In the collection mode (40), the inlet opening has a lower fluid resistance than the outlet opening;
In the discharge mode (44), the inlet opening has a higher fluid resistance than the outlet opening.   30. A program for causing a computer to perform the method according to claim 29.

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