JP2011244664A - Method and device for detecting local recess on pantograph sliding plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for detecting a local recess, which detect a damaged recess on a sliding plate on a pantograph through measurement of a trolley wire when the pantograph passes.SOLUTION: A displacement measurement device 30 arranged near a columnar support 2, which supports a trolley wire 1 in a zigzag manner, or between the columnar supports 2 measures a displacement of the trolley wire 1 in a horizontal direction perpendicular to a railroad in a measurement position when the pantograph 23 passes, and more precisely, a displacement in a direction parallel with a railroad surface in a plane perpendicular to the railroad to determine that a local recess such as a damaged recess is generated on the sliding plate 25 of the pantograph 23 of a train that has passed the railroad under the trolley wire 1 when a value based on the measured displacements excesses a predetermined threshold.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting local recesses such as stepped wear, chipping, and partial missing generated on a pantograph sliding plate.

  The pantograph sliding plate of the electric railway collects electricity while sliding with the trolley wire. The trolley wire is installed in a zigzag manner with a certain pitch and width, and the sliding position of the sliding plate and the trolley wire is dispersed in the longitudinal direction of the sliding plate sliding surface, that is, in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the track. In this way, local wear is prevented from occurring on the sliding plate.

  However, the sliding plate may be locally damaged due to some cause such as generation of an abnormal arc or local wear due to abnormal sliding during the sliding. When such chipping and wear progress, a local recess is formed on the surface of the sliding plate. If there is a concave part of local wear on the surface of the sliding plate, the trolley wire is fitted into the slab plate and hinders the trolley wire from moving smoothly to the left and right. There is a risk of developing into lowered grooves (stepped wear).

Such stepped wear may lead to an accident such as breakage of the sliding plate or cutting of the trolley wire. Further, when a partial chipping of the sliding plate or a partial missing of the divided sliding plate occurs, there is a risk similar to the above-mentioned stepped wear. The same danger arises when local recesses are formed for some reason, not limited to damaged recesses such as local defects, local wear, stepped wear, partial chipping, and partial chipping.
Therefore, it is required to detect and deal with such damaged or local recesses for each pantograph of each train. For this purpose, a damaged recess detection method and apparatus for easily detecting local recesses present on the pantograph slide plate are required.

Patent Document 1 discloses a measuring device that measures the thickness of a pantograph sliding plate of a traveling train. When the disclosed measuring apparatus detects a traveling train, the side surface of the pantograph sliding board is photographed by a CCD camera, the acquired image is image-processed to determine the sliding board edge and the hull sliding board boundary surface, and the sliding board The thickness is calculated.
However, there is a possibility that the boundary between the hull and the sliding plate may be missed due to the influence of sunlight or dirt on the sliding plate. Further, since the boundary surface with the hull is used as a reference, the hull needs to have a flat surface. Furthermore, since the image picked up while traveling is determined by image processing, the vehicle traveling speed is limited.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a method for detecting an abnormality in a trolley wire based on vibration characteristics of the trolley wire when passing through a train. In the disclosed abnormality detection method, for example, a vibration detection sensor is installed on a hanging tool so that the vibration of the overhead trolley wire is transmitted, the sensor output is analyzed by a vibration characteristic analyzer, and the frequency is detected. The presence / absence of an abnormality of the trolley wire is determined by referring to the abnormality data set in advance by the computer.

The disclosed abnormality detection method is based on the fact that the natural vibration of the trolley wire is affected by the decrease in cross-sectional area due to wear and the change in tensile strength due to temperature change. It is now possible to detect abnormalities in wear and abnormalities due to overheating.
However, although the disclosed abnormality detection method uses the natural vibration measurement of the trolley wire, the measurement object is an abnormality of the trolley wire itself, and the measurement relating to the pantograph sliding plate of the train passing through the measurement point cannot be performed.

JP 09-265524 A JP 2003-189404 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a method and an apparatus for detecting a local recess of a sliding plate in a pantograph through measurement of a trolley line when the pantograph passes. With the goal.

  According to the present invention, a method for detecting a local recess in a pantograph sliding plate is a horizontal measurement perpendicular to the line at the measurement position of the trolley line when the pantograph passes by the displacement measuring device provided in the vicinity of the trolley line supported by the zigzag. Measuring the displacement in the direction, more precisely in the plane perpendicular to the track, in the direction parallel to the track surface (hereinafter also referred to as horizontal displacement), and when the measured horizontal displacement exceeds a predetermined threshold It is determined that a local concave portion such as a damaged concave portion is formed on a sliding plate of a pantograph of a train that has passed a track below the trolley line.

  When a damaged recess such as a stepped wear portion is formed on a pantograph slide plate, or more generally, when a local recess is present on the sliding surface of the slide plate, the trolley wire sliding on the slide plate surface is Fit into the recess. The trolley wire is arranged so as to be zigzag along the track in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the track by an appropriately disposed support column. Therefore, the trolley wire fitted in the recess slides on the bottom of the recess as the train progresses. Move in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the track. As will be described in detail later, the trolley wire that slides in the recess moves to the end of the recess and is hooked on the side wall of the recess and is displaced in the horizontal direction with respect to the original track.

Thereafter, the trolley wire is removed from the concave portion and moves so as to ride on the sliding plate flat portion of the non-wear portion. When the trolley wire is released from the recess, the string is played, and the trolley wire is greatly displaced in the opposite direction within the horizontal direction perpendicular to the track.
Therefore, based on the horizontal displacement of the trolley wire, it can be detected that a local recess is generated in the sliding plate.

The horizontal displacement of the trolley wire fitted in the local recess on the surface of the sliding plate is a displacement generated in the string formed between the columns supported by the zigzag of the trolley wire. Therefore, it is preferable to measure the horizontal displacement of the trolley wire by attaching a sensor to a column provided in the middle of the column.
That is, at the middle position of the trolley line supported by the zigzag, the horizontal displacement perpendicular to the trolley line was measured, and the trolley line was pressed against the side wall of the recess and released from the recess. By evaluating one or both of the subsequent reverse displacements, it can be known that the trolley wire is constrained by the recess on the surface of the sliding plate.

Instead of installing a new measuring column in the middle of the column that supports the trolley wire in a zigzag manner, a sensor is installed on the existing column, and measurement is performed by replacing the horizontal displacement at the end of the trolley wire near the column. Using the result of comparison with an appropriate threshold value, it can be detected that a local recess is generated in the sliding plate.
That is, the trolley wire supported by the zigzag has a force that displaces the side end while the trolley wire is pressed against the side wall of the local recess and is displaced from the normal position. Corresponding to the horizontal displacement of the portion in which there is, the displacement in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the track.

In addition, since the displacement in the reverse direction of the trolley wire after the trolley wire is released from the concave portion is larger than the displacement in the positive direction and changes abruptly, detection is easier. Therefore, firstly, it is preferable to determine the occurrence of a local recess by detecting the reverse displacement of the trolley wire. Furthermore, the reliability of the determination can be improved by taking the positive direction displacement into account. Of course, it is also possible to detect the occurrence of a local recess using only the positive displacement.
Further, by adding a rapid change rate of displacement accompanying reverse displacement to the index, it is possible to reliably detect the occurrence of a local recess.

  A local recess detection device for a pantograph sliding plate according to the present invention includes a sensor for measuring a horizontal displacement perpendicular to a trolley wire, and means for processing / determining the measured displacement. Means for determining that there is a local recess such as a damaged recess on the pantograph sliding plate of the train that has passed under the trolley line at the measurement position when the measured displacement exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Features.

Further, the processing / determination means calculates a change in the measured displacement, further confirms that the amount of change exceeds a predetermined second threshold, and forms a local recess on the pantograph sliding plate of the train. You may make it determine with having produced.
A sensor that measures the horizontal displacement of a trolley wire is equipped with a sensing wire that is always subjected to a pulling force in the winding direction. When the tip of the sensing wire is connected to the object to be measured, the displacement of the object to be measured is the amount of winding of the sensing wire. It is preferable that the potentiometer is a wire extension type potentiometer configured to convert the winding amount into an output voltage and measure the displacement.

In addition, the potentiometer body is installed on the measuring column provided in the middle of the column that supports the trolley wire in a zigzag, and the tip of the sensing wire is connected to the side end of the trolley wire supported in the zigzag, An alternative value for horizontal displacement can be measured.
The sensing wire is provided at the tip of a hanger that hangs down from the suspension wire, and the displacement of the trolley wire can be measured by fixing the wire tip to an ear that supports the trolley wire so as to sandwich the trolley wire from both sides. It is also possible to measure by connecting the wire tip to an ear fixed to the trolley wire independently of the hanger.
Further, instead of installing a new measuring column in the middle of the trolley wire column, a sensor may be provided on the existing column to measure the horizontal displacement at the end of the trolley wire near the column.

  In the local recess detection technology of the pantograph sliding plate of the present invention, because of the horizontal zigzag provided on the trolley wire, when a damaged recess such as step wear occurs on the sliding plate, or the sliding surface of the sliding plate If the trolley wire crosses the local recess such as the damaged recess in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the line, the trolley line is displaced in the horizontal direction.

  According to the present invention, the measuring device main body is provided in the vicinity of the trolley line on the test line, the horizontal displacement of the trolley line is measured, and the measured displacement and the displacement change amount are respectively compared with a threshold value and determined. Thus, it can be detected that a local recess such as a damaged recess is generated on the pantograph sliding plate of a train passing through a predetermined trolley line. Thereby, it is possible to promptly detect the occurrence of a local recess in the sliding plate, prevent an accident or failure, and perform appropriate preventive maintenance.

It is a figure which shows typically the local recessed part detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the arrangement | positioning state of a trolley wire, FIG. 2 (A) is an elevation view, FIG.2 (B) is a top view. It is a figure which shows an example of the structure of a pantograph. It is a top view which shows a state transition when the sliding board which the local recessed part generate | occur | produced travels under the trolley line. It is a figure which shows the state which a trolley wire transfers to a flat part from a recessed part in the sliding board which the local recessed part generate | occur | produced. It is a graph which shows an example of the measurement result of a horizontal direction displacement. It is a graph which shows the absolute value of the displacement measurement value represented to FIG. It is a graph which shows the absolute value of the integral value of the displacement measurement value represented to FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a trolley wire 1 extending horizontally along a track (not shown) from the lower left to the upper right in the drawing. A sliding plate 25 of a train pantograph 23 slides on the trolley line 1 while being pressed from below.
Moreover, in order to support this trolley wire 1, the support | pillar 2 stood along the track is shown in figure. An arm 3 extending in a direction orthogonal to the track is attached to the support 2 via an insulator 4, and a suspension line 5 is suspended on the arm 3.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the trolley wire 1 is suspended by hangers 6 provided at predetermined intervals on the suspension wire 5 supported by the arm 3. The trolley wire 1 is supported so as to be sandwiched from both sides by an ear 7 provided at the lower end portion of the hanger 6.
In FIG. 2A, there is a train under the trolley line 1, and the upper surface of the sliding plate 25 of the pantograph 23 mounted on the underframe 22 installed on the roof of the train slides with the lower surface of the trolley line 1. The situation is shown schematically.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the trolley wire 1 is bent by a hanging wire 5 supported by the arm 3 provided on the column 2 so that the trolley wire 1 is bent at a predetermined position in the plane. (Not shown) and are wired so as to be zigzag in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the track in the rail direction as a whole. Generally, the distance between the side ends of the trolley wire 1 arranged in a zigzag, that is, the horizontal displacement width W of the trolley wire 1 is about 400 to 500 mm, and the zigzag period is about 80 to 300 m.

An outline of the structure of the pantograph and the sliding plate will be described with reference to FIG.
The pantograph 23 is mounted on a frame 22 installed on a roof 20 of a train via an insulator 21. The pantograph 23 includes a sliding plate 25 that is pressed against the trolley wire 1, a boat body 26 that supports the sliding plate 25, and a frame 27 that supports the boat body 26 on the base frame 22 so as to be movable up and down. In this example, the two boat bodies 26 are arranged so as to be aligned in the traveling direction.

  The hull 26 is supported by a restoring spring 29 on a boat support 28 attached to the upper end of the frame 27. The frame 27 has a rhombus shape composed of an upper frame member and a lower frame member connected so as to be articulated. The sliding plate 25 slides on the lower surface of the trolley wire 1 while being pressed against the trolley wire 1 by the elastic force of the restoring spring 29.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the behavior of the trolley wire in the case where a local recess is generated in the sliding plate will be described. In the following, step wear will be described as an example of one of the local recesses.
FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing a process in which the train passes from the upper side to the lower side in the drawing under the trolley line 1 extending along the track. In order to show the positional relationship between the concave portion of the sliding plate and the trolley line, a cross-sectional view at the sliding plate position is displayed at the top of the drawing.

  FIG. 4 shows a case where the stepped wear 25b is generated as a local concave portion from the center portion of the sliding plate 25 to the right side. Further, as described above, the trolley wire 1 is supported by the arm 3 provided on the support column 2 and is arranged in a zigzag manner in the horizontal direction (left and right direction in the figure) in the rail direction (up and down direction in the figure).

  FIG. 4A shows a state in which the trolley wire 1 is sliding on the non-wear part 25 a of the sliding plate 25. When the train travels downward in the figure, the trolley wire 1 is fitted into the recesses 25b of the two sliding plates 25 as shown in FIG. The trolley wire 1 slides in the recess 25b for a while. Furthermore, when the train travels, the trolley wire 1 is pressed against the side wall of the recess 25b in the sliding plate 25 in the forward direction of travel. Since the trolley line 1 is arranged with a margin so that it can swing to the left and right to some extent, when the train further proceeds, as shown in FIG. 4C, the trolley line 1 is balanced as indicated by a one-dot chain line in the figure. From the position, it is displaced to the right in the figure.

When the train further proceeds, the tension of the trolley wire 1 increases, and finally the trolley wire 1 passes over the side wall of the recess 25b and shifts to the flat surface of the non-wear portion 25a. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing how the trolley wire 1 escapes from the concave portion 25b. The trolley wire 1 passes over the side wall of the concave portion 25b of the sliding plate 25, and the two on the flat surface of the non-wear portion 25a. A state of moving to a position indicated by a dotted line is shown.
At this time, since the trolley wire 1 is released from the state where it is pressed against the side wall of the recess 25b, the trolley wire 1 is in a state where a string is played, and the trolley wire 1 is greatly increased in the horizontal direction (left direction in the figure). As shown in FIG. 4D, it moves and displaces to a position beyond the equilibrium position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in the figure.

That is, when the recess 25b is present in the sliding plate 25, the trolley wire 1 is first displaced from the equilibrium position in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the track, and then moved in the opposite horizontal direction to a position exceeding the equilibrium position. .
Therefore, the occurrence of stepped wear can be detected by monitoring the horizontal displacement of the trolley wire 1.

A description will be given with reference to FIG. 1 again.
In the present embodiment, a potentiometer (measuring sensor) 30 is attached to one column 2 in order to measure the horizontal displacement of the trolley wire 1. The potentiometer 30 is a sensor that converts a rotation angle into a voltage value. Needless to say, a measuring column may be provided at an intermediate position between the adjacent columns 2 and the potentiometer 30 may be installed on the measuring column.

  For example, the potentiometer 30 is a wire extension type stroke sensor, and includes a sensing wire that is attached to a rotating shaft and is always subjected to a tensile force. When the sensing wire is extended and the tip of the wire is connected to the object to be measured, the displacement of the object to be measured is converted into the amount of winding of the sensing wire, and the amount of winding is converted into the output voltage via the rotation angle of the winding bobbin. The displacement measurement based on the distance from the potentiometer 30 to the object to be measured can be performed.

  When the potentiometer 30 is applied to a moving object, the movement of the object is transmitted to the rotation axis, the resistance value changes due to the change in the rotation angle, and the movement amount of the object is measured by converting the change in resistance value into a voltage. be able to. Note that a wire extension type potentiometer has little sensitivity to displacement in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the sensing wire.

  The main body of the potentiometer 30 is connected to the ear 7 that sandwiches the trolley wire 1 via an insulated wire 31 that is a sensing wire. As the ear 7, the ear 7 provided at the lower end of the hanger 6 that supports the trolley wire 1 can be used. Moreover, in order to fix the tip of the sensing wire 31, an ear 7 provided independently of the hanger 6 may be used.

The feeding amount of the insulating wire 31 corresponds to the horizontal displacement of the trolley wire 1. As a result, the amount of movement in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the track of the trolley wire 1 is transmitted to the potentiometer 30, and the horizontal displacement of the trolley wire 1 is measured from the amount of the sensing wire fed out of the potentiometer 30.
The output of the potentiometer 30 is sent to the data processing device 35 by a wired communication line 33 or wirelessly.

Next, measurement examples according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
In this example, a test vehicle equipped with a sliding plate with a concave portion similar to stepped wear is used, and the trolley wire slides in a substantially horizontal direction perpendicular to the track and parallel to the road surface. The test vehicle was run at. And the horizontal displacement of the trolley wire was measured using the potentiometer provided in the support | pillar. As a potentiometer, DTP-D-1KS-P (manufactured by Kyowa Denki Co., Ltd.) was used. The sampling frequency of the potentiometer was 2 kHz.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the observation result.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in the amount of horizontal displacement of the trolley wire measured by the potentiometer. The vertical axis represents displacement (mm), and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). FIG. 7 is a graph showing the absolute value change of the difference from the normal value of the horizontal displacement amount at the measurement position. The vertical axis represents the absolute value (mm) of the difference in displacement, and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds).

  In the observation examples of FIG. 6 to FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 6, the displacement amount is zero at the beginning when the test vehicle at the start of measurement enters the measurement section, but the displacement amount exceeds about 7 seconds. Changes to positive, and then the displacement increases gradually. The period during which the amount of displacement increases corresponds to the state shown in FIG. 4C where the trolley wire 1 falls into the recess 25b and is pressed against the side wall of the recess, and the trolley wire 1 is displaced in the plus direction.

  Note that when there is no test vehicle in the measurement section, the horizontal displacement must be zero, but by simply resetting the sensor output before the test vehicle enters the measurement section, the normal level The amount of displacement can be zero. Moreover, even when a steady displacement occurs in the trolley wire due to overhead wire construction or the like, it is possible to prevent the deviation of the horizontal displacement amount by resetting before the test.

このようにして求めた移動平均値を用いると、常に測定対象を監視していて、風によりトロリ線が一方向に偏倚する場合など、何らかの原因で測定系にドリフトなどの外乱が生じても、いつでも適切な水平変位量を得ることができる。
また、測定出力をハイパスフィルターに通して変位変化の低周波成分をカットし解析に必要な高周波成分を利用するようにしても、類似の効果を得ることができる。 Furthermore, based on the following expression, a moving time frame having an appropriate time width T0 is set, and a value obtained by averaging the measured horizontal displacement x (t) within the moving time frame is a horizontal displacement reference value x0 ( As T), the displacement of the trolley wire can also be measured.

Using the moving average value obtained in this way, the measurement object is constantly monitored, and even if disturbance such as drift occurs in the measurement system for some reason, such as when the trolley wire is biased in one direction by the wind, An appropriate amount of horizontal displacement can be obtained at any time.
A similar effect can be obtained by passing the measurement output through a high-pass filter to cut out the low frequency component of the displacement change and using the high frequency component necessary for the analysis.

Furthermore, when the tension applied to the trolley wire 1 becomes maximum, the displacement amount shows a maximum amount of about plus 70 mm, and then the displacement amount changes in the opposite direction all at once and reaches about minus 50 mm. This change in the amount of displacement corresponds to a state in which the trolley wire 1 pressed against the side wall of the recess 25b has moved so as to release the restraint of the recess 25b as shown in FIG. 4D. is there.
At this time, the amount of displacement of the trolley wire 1 greatly changes from plus to minus, and the amount of change is large.

  Thereafter, the trolley wire 1 freely vibrates in the horizontal direction while being constrained by the surface of the sliding plate 25. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the amount of displacement is in the plus direction across the equilibrium position of the trolley wire 1. Swings alternately in the negative direction. The free vibration of the trolley wire 1 is attenuated, and in the observation example of FIG. 6, it converges to the equilibrium position after about 30 seconds, and the displacement amount of the trolley wire 1 returns to zero.

The sign of the displacement amount shown in the graph of FIG. 6 varies depending on the traveling direction of the test vehicle in the inspection section, but the displacement amount change form is common.
FIG. 7 shows the absolute value of the displacement measurement value shown in FIG. 6, and can be determined according to the same logic while ignoring the sign of the displacement amount regardless of the traveling direction of the test vehicle. In the subsequent signal processing, it is not necessary to consider the sign of the measurement value, so that the arithmetic processing can be simplified.

In a present Example, the local recessed part which generate | occur | produced in the sliding board is detected by determining by comparing either of lower item (1) and (2) with each threshold value.
(1) Absolute value of initial displacement amount (2) Change amount of displacement in reverse direction with respect to initial displacement Also, in order to capture the local recesses reliably, the determination may be made with item (3) taken into account. Good.
(3) Rate of change in reverse direction Furthermore, the local concave portion generated in the sliding plate can be detected by the item (4).
(4) Absolute value of integral value of horizontal displacement

Hereinafter, each item will be described.
(1) Absolute value of initial displacement amount As shown in FIG. 4C, when the trolley wire 1 is pressed against the side wall of the recess 25b, the trolley wire 1 deviates from its equilibrium position, and the sliding plate 25 Are displaced in either the left or right direction with respect to the vehicle traveling direction. Even when the vehicle traveling direction is the reverse direction, the same behavior is exhibited in the opposite direction, so that the same procedure can be evaluated using the absolute value of the displacement.
Since the absolute value of the displacement of the trolley wire 1 increases until the trolley wire 1 is removed from the recess 25b, the larger the recess 25b, the larger the displacement absolute value. On the other hand, if the concave portion 25b is small, the trolley wire 1 is easily detached from the concave portion 25b, so that the displacement absolute value of the trolley wire 1 does not increase.

Therefore, an appropriate threshold value TB is set based on experience, and when the displacement absolute value of the trolley wire 1 is larger than the threshold value TB, it is determined that the recess 25b has a size that should be a problem for vehicle operation. In addition, when it substitutes with the horizontal direction displacement in the side edge part of the trolley wire 1 arrange | positioned at zigzag, it is necessary to obtain | require threshold value TB corresponding to measurement conditions.
In FIG. 7, it can be seen that the absolute value of displacement of the trolley wire 1 becomes the maximum value at ΔB = 73 mm shown in the figure. Under the conditions set for the measurement in FIG. 6, the threshold value TB can be set to 40 mm, for example.

(2) Change in displacement in the reverse direction with respect to the initial displacement When the trolley wire 1 is pressed against the side wall of the recess 25b as shown in FIG. Displace in the direction. Thereafter, when the trolley wire 1 moves away from the recess 25b and rides on the surface of the non-wear portion 25a as shown in FIG. 4D, the trolley wire 1 is opposite to the direction in which the trolley wire 1 was initially displaced by the recess. Large displacement beyond the equilibrium position in the direction.
Therefore, by observing the displacement change amount from the initial displacement of the trolley wire 1 to the displacement in the opposite direction shown in FIG. 6, the presence of the recess 25b can be reliably detected.

Therefore, an appropriate threshold value TA is set based on experience, and when the trolley wire 1 is displaced to one side and then greatly displaced in the opposite direction, the peak value of the initial displacement and the peak value of the displacement in the opposite direction are The amount of change in displacement is calculated from the difference between the two, and the presence of the problematic recess is determined when the amount of change is larger than the threshold TA.
In FIG. 6, it can be seen that the amount of change in the displacement of the trolley wire 1 has increased to ΔA = 115 mm shown in the figure. Under the conditions set for the measurement in FIG. 6, the threshold value TA can be set to 60 mm, for example.

(3) Rate of change in reverse direction The rate of change indicates the slope of the graph and represents the amount of change in displacement within a certain time. When the trolley wire 1 is released from the recess 25b and goes too far in the reverse direction, the displacement change rate is the largest. Therefore, by detecting the rate of change when the displacement shifts in the reverse direction from the initial displacement and adding the result of comparison with the threshold value of the rate of change to the determination of item (1) or item (2), recess 25b The presence of can be detected more reliably.

(4) Absolute value of horizontal displacement integrated value The trolley line vibrates in the horizontal direction due to wind or the like, and may become noise for detection of a local recess. Therefore, there is a method of removing the vibration component included in the displacement amount by integrating the horizontal displacement amount. Furthermore, since the direction of horizontal displacement changes to either positive or negative depending on the traveling direction of the vehicle, it is preferable to remove the positive / negative distinction by taking the absolute value z (T) of the integral value according to the following equation.

FIG. 8 shows an integrated value of the displacement measurement values shown in FIG. The vertical axis represents the integrated value (mm) of the displacement, and the horizontal axis represents time (seconds). A portion where the trolley wire is horizontally displaced by being applied to the local recess of the sliding plate is emphasized by integration, and a portion which is released from the local recess and reciprocates is canceled out by integration and appears small.
The absolute value of the horizontal displacement integrated value obtained in this way can be determined whether or not an appropriate threshold has been exceeded, and the presence or absence of a sliding plate local recess can be detected. This determination method is convenient because the sensitivity can be increased by integrating the horizontal displacement amount, and the noise of the vibration component can be removed.

In addition, by calculating and using the absolute value of the horizontal displacement integral value in the moving frame, it is possible to eliminate the effects of accidental measurement abnormalities and steady deviations in horizontal displacement due to some cause, and make appropriate judgments. It can be performed.
That is, according to the equation below, the measurement time T, by integrating the horizontal displacement x (t) in the range going back from the T for a predetermined duration T _A, and the absolute value of the value obtained value z When (T) exceeds a threshold value obtained based on experience, it is determined that a sliding plate local recess exists. Incidentally, the obtained value becomes the moving average by dividing the period T _A.

In addition, the potentiometer 30 may be provided in one place or a plurality of places in a predetermined inspection section.
By using the method for detecting a local recess in a pantograph slide plate according to the present invention, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of a local recess in the pantograph slide plate only by running the test vehicle in the measurement section, so that the maintenance work for the slide plate is greatly simplified. It has become more efficient.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Trolley line 2 Support | pillar 3 Arm 4 Insulator 5 Hanging overhead wire 6 Hanger 7 Ear 20 Roof 21 Insulator 22 Pedestal frame 23 Pantograph 25 Sliding plate 25b Step wear (concave part)
25a Non-wearing part 26 Boat body 27 Frame 28 Boat support 29 Restoring spring 30 Potentiometer 31 Insulating wire (sensing wire)
33 Communication line 35 Data processing device

Claims (10)

Measure the horizontal displacement perpendicular to the trolley line supported by the zigzag,
The measured value based on the displacement is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and when the value based on the displacement exceeds the threshold value, a local recess is formed on a pantograph sliding plate of a train that has passed through a track below the trolley line. A method for detecting a local recess in a pantograph slide plate, characterized in that it is determined that there exists.   2. The local recess detection method according to claim 1, wherein the measured displacement is measured by a sensor provided at a position perpendicular to the trolley line and horizontally.   The value based on the displacement is one of a displacement in one direction that occurs when the trolley wire is constrained by the recess and a displacement in a direction opposite to the one direction after the trolley wire is released from the recess. Or both, the displacement in the one direction is determined based on the result of comparison with the predetermined first threshold value, and the displacement in the direction opposite to the one direction is compared with the predetermined second threshold value. The method for detecting a local recess in a pantograph slide plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the determination is made.   Furthermore, the change rate of the displacement is calculated and compared with a predetermined third threshold value, and the presence of the local recess is determined in consideration of the determination. Local recess detection method.   The value based on the displacement is a value obtained by integrating the measured displacement and taking an absolute value, and it is determined that the presence of the local recess is determined based on a result of comparison with a predetermined fourth threshold value. 3. A method for detecting a local recess in a pantograph slide plate according to claim 1 or 2. A sensor for measuring a horizontal displacement perpendicular to the track of the trolley wire arranged so as to zigzag along the track in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the track by an appropriately disposed support;
A process determination device that compares a value based on the measured displacement with a predetermined threshold and determines whether or not a local recess exists,
When the value based on the measured displacement exceeds a predetermined threshold, the processing determination device determines that there is a local recess in a pantograph sliding plate of a train that has passed through a track below the trolley line. An apparatus for detecting a local recess of a pantograph slide plate characterized by the above.   The processing determination device further calculates a rate of change of the measured displacement, confirms that the rate of change has exceeded a predetermined rate of change threshold, and forms a local recess in the pantograph sliding plate of the train. 7. The apparatus for detecting a local recess of a pantograph slide plate according to claim 6, wherein the presence of the pantograph is determined.   The value based on the displacement is a value obtained by integrating the measured displacement and taking an absolute value, and it is determined that the presence of the local recess is determined based on a result of comparison with a predetermined fourth threshold value. The local recess detection device for a pantograph slide plate according to claim 6.   The sensor includes a sensing wire on which a tensile force always acts, and when the tip of the sensing wire is connected to the object to be measured, the displacement of the object to be measured is converted into a winding amount of the sensing wire, and the winding amount 9. The local recess detection device for a pantograph slide plate according to claim 6, wherein the potentiometer is a wire extension type potentiometer having a configuration capable of measuring a displacement by converting the output voltage into an output voltage. 10.   10. The pantograph according to claim 9, wherein the sensor is configured by measuring a sensor main body provided at a position perpendicular to the trolley line in a horizontal direction and connecting a tip of the sensing wire to the trolley line. A device for detecting a local recess in a sliding plate.

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