JP2011153037A - Water treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A water treatment apparatus capable of improving energy efficiency is obtained.
A reformer that extracts hydrogen by electrolyzing water, a DC power supply that supplies electricity to the reformer, and an introduction that supplies hydrogen obtained by the reformer to an anode. A fuel cell 30 that has a path 35 and an introduction path 34 that supplies air to the cathode 31 and that generates electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the air. In addition to providing a discharge port 30a for taking out the purified water obtained during power generation by the electric power, the electricity obtained by the fuel cell 30 was refluxed to the DC power source 40.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus.

  Conventionally, a reformer that electrolyzes seawater to extract hydrogen, and a fuel cell main body that generates electricity by converting hydrogen obtained from the reformer into hydrogen ions and reacting with oxygen by converting it to hydrogen ions, An apparatus has been proposed in which water generated with the generation of electricity in the fuel cell main body is used as drinking water (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-58098 A

  However, as in the above prior art, the actual energy efficiency when hydrogen is extracted using an electrolyzer is about 20% because ohmic resistance, reaction resistance, diffusion resistance, and the like are generated. Further, the energy efficiency of the fuel cell is higher than that of the electrolyzer because it does not generate as much resistance as the electrolyzer, but is as low as about 50%. Thus, in the said conventional technique, the production | generation efficiency of purified water became about 10%, and the energy efficiency for the production | generation of purified water was bad.

  Then, an object of this invention is to obtain the water treatment apparatus which can improve energy efficiency.

  In the present invention, a reformer that takes out hydrogen by electrolyzing water, a DC power source that supplies electricity to the reformer, and an introduction that supplies hydrogen obtained by the reformer to the anode And a fuel cell that generates electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the air, and the fuel cell is configured to generate electricity by an electrochemical reaction. In addition, a discharge port for taking out the purified water obtained is provided, and electricity obtained by the fuel cell is recirculated to the DC power source.

  According to the present invention, since the electricity obtained from the fuel cell is recirculated to the DC power source, the power supplied when water is electrolyzed can be reduced. As a result, less power is supplied to obtain a predetermined amount of purified water, and energy efficiency can be improved. Therefore, simplification and miniaturization of the configuration of the water treatment device can be achieved.

Drawing 1 is a figure showing typically the water treatment equipment concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram comparing the energy efficiency of the water treatment device according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the energy efficiency of a conventional water treatment device. Drawing 3 is a figure showing typically the water treatment equipment concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a water treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a water treatment apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that similar components are included in the following embodiments. Therefore, in the following, common reference numerals are given to those similar components, and redundant description is omitted.

(First embodiment)
The water treatment apparatus 10 according to this embodiment includes a reformer 20 that extracts hydrogen by electrolyzing water, a DC power supply 40 that supplies electricity to the reformer 20, and an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. And a fuel cell 30 for generating electricity.

  The reformer 20 is formed with an electrolytic cell 21 for storing water to be electrolyzed. A water supply path 27 that communicates with the electrolytic cell 21 to supply water into the electrolytic cell 21 and a drainage channel 28 that communicates with the electrolytic cell 21 and discharges the electrolyzed water out of the electrolytic cell 21 are formed. Has been. In the present embodiment, the water supply passage 27 and the drainage passage 28 are formed in the lower part of the electrolytic cell 21 (lower part of the reformer 20).

  In addition, an anode 25 and a cathode 26 facing each other are disposed in the electrolytic cell 21 of the reformer 20, and an oxygen reservoir 23 is formed above the anode 25, and the oxygen reservoir 23 Is formed with an oxygen discharge path 23a for discharging the generated oxygen.

  A hydrogen storage tank 24 is formed above the cathode 26 side, and a hydrogen discharge path 24 a for discharging the generated hydrogen is formed in the hydrogen storage tank 24. The oxygen storage tank part 23 and the hydrogen storage tank part 24 are defined by a partition wall 22 provided on the upper part of the electrolytic cell 21 to suppress mixing of oxygen and hydrogen generated by electrolysis. Yes.

  The anode 25 and the cathode 26 have a substantially plate shape, and are arranged so that their surfaces face each other with an interelectrode distance of about 4 mm. And it is electrically connected to DC power supply 40 via wiring 25a, 26a. Further, the anode 25 and the cathode 26 are arranged so that their surfaces are vertical surfaces. As described above, by disposing the anode 25 and the cathode 26 so that their surfaces are vertical surfaces, loss of heat energy due to the electrical resistance of water can be reduced. Furthermore, since the generated gas (hydrogen and oxygen) rises along the electrode surface, mixing of hydrogen and oxygen can be suppressed.

  The water supply path 27 is connected to a pipe 27 a such as a water pipe via an electromagnetic valve 50, and the drainage path 28 is connected to the drainage pipe 28 a via an electromagnetic valve 51. By opening and closing the electromagnetic valves 50 and 51, water is supplied into the electrolytic cell 21 and drained out of the electrolytic cell 21. The solenoid valves 50 and 51 are electrically connected to the control unit 60 via wirings 61 and 62.

  The control unit 60 is also electrically connected to the DC power supply 40 via the wiring 63, and controls opening / closing of the solenoid valves 50 and 51 and ON / OFF of the DC power supply 40.

  The DC power supply 40 is electrically connected to an external power supply 70 such as a household power supply via wirings 41 and 42, and electricity is supplied from the external power supply 70. When an alternating current is supplied from the external power supply 70, it is converted into a direct current by an orthogonal transformation device and supplied to the direct current power supply 40. Note that the DC power supply 40 may include an orthogonal transform device.

  The fuel cell 30 includes a hydrogen introduction chamber (introduction path) 35 that supplies the hydrogen obtained by the reformer 20 to the anode (fuel electrode) 32 and an air introduction chamber (introduction) that supplies air to the cathode (air electrode) 31. Road) 34. An electrolyte 33 is sandwiched between an anode (fuel electrode) 32 and a cathode (air electrode) 31. And electric energy can be taken out by generating electric power with hydrogen and oxygen in the air by an electrochemical reaction.

  As this fuel cell 30, a known one can be used. For example, when a proton conductive polymer membrane is used as the electrolyte 33, a polymer electrolyte (PEFC) fuel cell can be manufactured. When phosphoric acid is used as the electrolyte 33, a phosphoric acid type (PAFC) fuel cell can be manufactured. When molten carbonate is used as the electrolyte 33, a molten carbonate (MCFC) fuel cell can be manufactured. When stabilized zirconia is used as the electrolyte 33, a solid electrolyte (SOFC) fuel cell can be manufactured.

  As the anode 32 and the cathode 31, for example, when a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is manufactured, a carbon paper coated with a catalyst such as platinum can be used. When a phosphoric acid fuel cell is manufactured, the anode 32 is a carbon material coated with platinum or a platinum / ruthenium alloy catalyst, and the cathode 31 is a carbon material coated with platinum. be able to. When manufacturing a molten carbonate fuel cell, the anode 32 may be made of a material containing nickel as a main component and added with chromium or aluminum, and the cathode 31 may be made of nickel oxide. When a solid electrolyte fuel cell is manufactured, Ni / YSZ cermet, which is a mixed sintered body of nickel and stabilized zirconia, can be used as the anode 32, and Lantana manganite can be used as the cathode 31. .

  Further, in the present embodiment, the hydrogen discharge path 24 a of the reformer 20 and the hydrogen introduction chamber (introduction path) 35 are communicated, and the hydrogen generated in the reformer 20 is anoded from the hydrogen introduction chamber (introduction path) 35. (Fuel electrode) 32 is supplied.

  An air passage 34a is communicated with the air introduction chamber (introduction passage) 34, and air is introduced by an air pump 39 disposed in the air passage 34a.

  A purified water discharge port (discharge port) 30 a is provided at the lower portion of the fuel cell 30 to take out purified water generated when the fuel cell 30 generates power by an electrochemical reaction.

  The fuel cell 30 is electrically connected to a battery 36 such as a rechargeable battery via wirings 31a and 32a. The battery 36 is electrically connected to a DC power source 40 via wirings 37 and 38. ing.

  Thus, in this embodiment, electricity generated by the fuel cell 30 is circulated to the DC power source 40 via the battery 36. That is, the electrolysis of water in the reformer 20 is performed using electricity generated by the DC power supply 40 and the fuel cell 30 as a drive source.

  Next, the operation of the water treatment device 10 will be described.

First, water is supplied into the electrolytic cell 21 from the pipe 27a such as a water pipe through the electromagnetic valve 50, and stored in a certain amount. Next, a voltage is applied to the anode 25 and the cathode 26. At this time, it is preferable to apply a voltage so that the current density is 1 A / dm ² or less, preferably 0.6 to 0.8 A / dm ² . If the current density is too high, the electrical resistance due to the generated gas increases and the energy efficiency decreases, and the electrode life is shortened. If the current density is low, the energy efficiency increases, but the electrode area needs to be increased and the cost This is because there is a problem that the volume of the image becomes large.

  When a voltage is applied to the anode 25 and the cathode 26, the water in the electrolytic cell 21 is electrolyzed to generate oxygen from the anode 25 side and hydrogen from the cathode 26 side. The produced oxygen and hydrogen move to the oxygen storage tank section 23 and the hydrogen storage tank section 24, respectively, and are discharged out of the reformer 20 through the oxygen discharge path 23a and the hydrogen discharge path 24a.

  The energy efficiency of the electrolytic cell 21 at this time is about 30%.

  Moreover, although the amount of water in the electrolytic cell 21 decreases as the electrolysis reaction proceeds, when the water level reaches a certain level, the electrolysis is stopped and the electromagnetic valve 51 on the drainage channel 28 side is opened to discharge the concentrated drainage. The water is discharged from the drain pipe 28a. This control is performed by the control unit 60.

  Specifically, the control unit 60 first opens the electromagnetic valve 50 on the water supply channel 27 side, supplies a certain amount of water into the electrolytic cell 21, and then closes the electromagnetic valve 50. Next, the DC power supply 40 is turned on, and the water stored in the electrolytic cell 21 is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen and oxygen. When the amount of stored water decreases to a predetermined amount or less with the generation of hydrogen and oxygen, the DC power supply 40 is turned off and the electrolysis is stopped. Then, after opening the electromagnetic valve 51 on the drainage channel 28 side to discharge the concentrated drainage from the drainage pipe 28a, the electromagnetic valve 51 is closed.

  In this embodiment, the amount of water in the electrolytic cell 21 is detected by detecting the electrical resistance between the anode 25 and the cathode 26. Specifically, when the electrical resistance between the electrodes 25 and 26 in a state where the anode 25 and the cathode 26 are completely submerged is output, the control unit 60 determines that the water is full. Then, when a resistance value that is about twice that when the water is full is output, that is, when the flooded height of the anode 25 and the cathode 26 is halved, the control unit 60 stops the electrolysis. (The supply of electricity from the DC power supply 40 is stopped), and the electromagnetic valve 51 on the drainage channel 28 side is opened to discharge the concentrated wastewater. When the concentrated drainage is discharged, the control unit 60 closes the electromagnetic valve 51 and opens the electromagnetic valve 50 to supply water into the electrolytic cell 21. By repeating the above process, hydrogen is continuously extracted from the reformer 20.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the control unit 60 controls water supply, electrolysis, and drainage in the reformer 20 based on the electrical resistance between the anode 25 and the cathode 26 facing each other.

  Then, the hydrogen generated by the reformer 20 is sent from the hydrogen discharge path 24 a to the hydrogen introduction chamber (introduction path) 35 of the fuel cell 30. On the other hand, air is supplied to the air introduction chamber (introduction path) 34 side, electricity and purified water are generated by an electrolytic reaction in the fuel cell 30, and purified water can be obtained from the purified water discharge port 30a.

  At this time, since air is used as a supply source of oxygen supplied to the cathode (air electrode) 31, the manufacturing cost of the apparatus can be reduced as compared with the case of using an oxygen cylinder. Furthermore, since oxygen can be supplied in excess, the oxygen diffusion rate can be increased. As a result, the reaction resistance on the anode 25 side due to the slow diffusion rate of oxygen can be reduced, the start-up time of the fuel cell 30 can be accelerated, and the reaction loss of the fuel cell 30 can be suppressed. it can.

  Then, the electric power generated simultaneously with the water generation is returned to the DC power source 40 through the battery 36.

  Thus, by using the entire amount of the generated power to recirculate, the power use efficiency can be increased.

  Here, based on FIG. 2, the water purification production | generation efficiency of the water treatment apparatus (sample 4) concerning this embodiment is demonstrated compared with the conventional water treatment apparatus (samples 1-3).

  First, in each of Samples 1 to 4, the anode and the cathode are opposed to each other with an interelectrode distance of about 4 mm. Samples 1 to 4 use the same fuel cell. When this fuel cell is used, 180 (mL / Hr) of purified water can be generated. Only in the sample 4, electricity generated by the fuel cell is recirculated to the DC power source 40.

Here, in the sample 1, the current density is set to 1.5 A / dm ² by applying the voltage V1 of 6 (V).

In sample 2, the current density is set to 0.8 A / dm ² by applying a voltage V1 of 3.5 (V).

In Sample 3, the current density is set to 0.6 A / dm ² by applying a voltage V1 of 3.3 (V).

In Sample 4, the current density is set to 0.8 A / dm ² by applying a voltage V1 of 3.5 (V).

  The power efficiency ζ1 of the electrolytic cell of each sample can be obtained from Equation 1 below.

Power efficiency ζ1 = I1 × (VH ₂ + VO ₂ ) / (I1 × V1) = (VH ₂ + VO ₂ ) / V1 (1)
Here, VH ₂ is the standard potential (V) for hydrogen generation, and the theoretical value is VH ₂ (V) = 0 (V).

VO ₂ is a standard potential (V) for oxygen generation, and the theoretical value is VO ₂ (V) = 1.23 (V).

  I1 is current (A), and V1 is the voltage (V) described above.

  When the power efficiency ζ1 (−) of the electrolytic cell is calculated by substituting the voltage V1 of each sample into the above equation 1, ζ1 = 0.21 in sample 1, ζ1 = 0.35 in sample 2, 3 is ζ1 = 0.37, and Sample 4 is ζ1 = 0.35.

  Then, the power efficiency ζ2 of the fuel cell can be obtained by the following formula 2.

Power efficiency ζ2 = W2 / (I2 × (VH ₂ + VO ₂ )) (2)
Here, W2 is the power consumption (W) of the fuel cell, and W2 (W) = 192 (W).

  I2 is the current (A) flowing through the fuel cell, and I2 (A) = 270 (A).

Therefore, the power efficiency ζ2 of the fuel cell is obtained by substituting W2 (W), I2 (A), VH ₂ , and VO ₂ into Equation 2, and the power efficiency ζ2 = 0.58.

  Finally, the energy generation efficiency ξ of water generation is obtained.

  The energy utilization efficiency ξ of the purified water generation can be obtained by the following formula 3 when there is no power supply reflux, and can be obtained by the following formula 4 when there is current reflux.

ξ = ζ1 × ζ2 (3)
ξ = ζ1 × ζ2 / (1-ζ1 × ζ2) (4)
Therefore, the energy use efficiency ξ of water generation in samples 1 to 3 is ξ = 0.12, ξ = 0.20, and ξ = 0.22 based on Equation 3, respectively.

  Then, the energy use efficiency ξ of the purified water generation in the sample 4 is ξ = 0.25 based on Equation 4.

  Thus, it turns out that the energy utilization efficiency of water production | generation can be improved by recirculating the electric power generated with the fuel cell to the direct-current power supply 40. FIG.

  According to the present embodiment described above, since the electricity obtained from the fuel cell 30 is returned to the DC power source 40, the power supplied from the external power source 70 can be reduced when water is electrolyzed. As a result, the electric power supplied from the external power source 70 to obtain a predetermined amount of purified water can be reduced, and the energy efficiency of the purified water generation can be improved. As described above, by improving the energy efficiency of water purification, the configuration of the water treatment device 10 can be simplified and downsized. In addition, if water is used as a raw material, it becomes possible to supply drinking water safely.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the current generated by the fuel cell 30 is circulated through the battery 36, whereby the pulsating flow of the electrolysis output of the reformer 20 can be suppressed, and a more stable electrolysis voltage can be obtained. It becomes possible to supply. That is, the steady operation of the water treatment apparatus 10A can be easily performed. Moreover, since the surplus electric power generated by the fuel cell 30 can be stored, the generated electric power can be used without waste.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the oxygen storage tank 23 and the oxygen discharge path 23a, the hydrogen storage tank 24 and the hydrogen discharge path 24a are provided above the anode 25 and the cathode 26, respectively, and the water supply path 27 and the drainage path are provided. 28 is formed in the lower part of the electrolytic cell 21 (lower part of the reformer 20). Therefore, water supply / drainage and generation and separation of oxygen and hydrogen can be performed efficiently, and the configuration of the water treatment device 10 can be simplified and downsized.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the control unit 60 controls water supply, electrolysis, and drainage in the reformer 20 based on the electrical resistance between the cathode 26 and the anode 25 facing each other. Therefore, the energy efficiency of water electrolysis can be improved (useless energy loss can be reduced), and the configuration of the water treatment device 10 can be simplified and downsized.

(Second Embodiment)
A water treatment apparatus 10A according to the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and includes a reformer 20 that extracts hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and the reformer 20. A DC power supply 40 for supplying electricity and a fuel cell 30 for generating electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen are provided.

  Here, this embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in that the oxygen discharge path 23a of the reformer 20 is communicated with the oxygen introduction part 34 of the fuel cell 30 and the electricity generated by the fuel cell 30 is generated. This is because the battery 36 is refluxed to the DC power source 40.

  That is, oxygen obtained by electrolysis of water in the reformer 20 is used as oxygen supplied to the cathode (air electrode) 31 of the fuel cell 30.

  According to the present embodiment described above, oxygen obtained by electrolysis of water in the reformer 20 is used as oxygen supplied to the cathode (air electrode) 31 of the fuel cell 30 for taking in air. Eliminates the need to install an air pump. As a result, the number of movable members can be reduced, and the operational reliability of the water treatment apparatus 10A can be improved.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the current generated by the fuel cell 30 is circulated through the battery 36, whereby the pulsating flow of the electrolysis output of the reformer 20 can be suppressed, and a more stable electrolysis voltage can be obtained. It becomes possible to supply. That is, the steady operation of the water treatment apparatus 10A can be easily performed. Moreover, since the surplus electric power generated by the fuel cell 30 can be stored, the generated electric power can be used without waste.

  Also according to this embodiment, the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

(Third embodiment)
The water treatment apparatus 10B according to the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and includes a reformer 20 that extracts hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and the reformer 20. A DC power supply 40 for supplying electricity and a fuel cell 30 for generating electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen are provided.

  Here, this embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in that the reforming device 20 periodically reverses the opposing electrodes (the anode 25 and the cathode 26) (not shown). It is in having established.

  As this reverse electricity means, a known one can be used. When this reverse electricity means is operated, a reverse potential is applied between the anode 25 and the cathode 26, that is, a reverse potential having the anode 25 side as a negative pole and the cathode 26 side as a positive pole. Thus, the anode 25 and the cathode 26 are cleaned by applying a reverse potential to the anode 25 and the cathode 26 to perform electrolysis of water.

  That is, after supplying water into the electrolytic cell 21, electrolysis of water was performed by applying a reverse potential during normal operation to the anode 25 and the cathode 26, and the calcium scale adhering to the cathode 26 was dissolved and removed. Then, it drains out of the electrolytic cell 21.

  This cleaning can be set so that, for example, the cleaning operation is performed when the resistance value between the electrodes when the water is full increases by 10% with respect to the initial resistance value.

  In the cleaning operation, oxygen is generated on the cathode 26 side. Therefore, by providing the three-way valve 52 in the hydrogen discharge passage 24a, the hydrogen discharge passage 24a communicates with the hydrogen introduction chamber (introduction passage) 35 during normal operation, and to the hydrogen introduction chamber (introduction passage) 35 during cleaning operation. And the hydrogen discharge passage 24a communicated with the outside.

  Therefore, during normal operation, hydrogen generated on the cathode 26 side can be supplied to the hydrogen introduction chamber (introduction path) 35, and during cleaning operation, oxygen generated on the cathode 26 side can be supplied via the three-way valve 52. The hydrogen can be discharged from the hydrogen discharge path 24a.

  Thus, in this embodiment, by providing the three-way valve 52 in the hydrogen discharge path 24a, it is possible to suppress oxygen generated on the cathode 26 side during the cleaning operation from being supplied to the hydrogen introduction chamber (introduction path) 35. is doing.

  In addition, the cleaning time can be performed after a predetermined time has elapsed or according to the number of times of use. For example, it may be performed once for 10 normal operation cycles.

  Also according to this embodiment described above, the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment can be achieved.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the electrodes (anode 25 and cathode 26) of the reformer 20 can be cleaned, and stable performance can be maintained for a long time.

(Fourth embodiment)
The water treatment apparatus 10C according to the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and includes a reformer 20 that extracts hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and the reformer 20. A DC power supply 40 for supplying electricity and a fuel cell 30 for generating electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen are provided.

  Here, this embodiment is mainly different from the first embodiment in that a solar cell 71 is used as an external power source for supplying electricity to the DC power source 40.

  As this solar cell 71, a known one can be used.

  Also according to this embodiment described above, the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment can be achieved.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the water treatment device 10C that can be used even in places where there is no external power source, such as outdoors or during disasters.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made.

  For example, the water treatment apparatus can be configured by appropriately combining the characteristic portions described in the above embodiments.

10, 10A, 10B, 10C Water treatment apparatus 20 Reforming apparatus 23 Oxygen storage tank 23a Oxygen discharge path 24 Hydrogen storage tank 24a Hydrogen discharge path 25 Anode 26 Cathode 27 Water supply path 28 Drainage path 30 Fuel cell 30a Purified water discharge port (discharge port) )
31 Cathode 32 Anode 34 Air introduction chamber (introduction path)
35 Hydrogen introduction room (introduction route)
36 Battery 40 DC power supply 50 Solenoid valve 51 Solenoid valve 60 Control unit 70 External power supply 71 Solar battery

Claims (7)

A reformer that extracts hydrogen by electrolyzing water;
A DC power supply for supplying electricity to the reformer;
A fuel cell that has an introduction path for supplying hydrogen obtained by the reformer to the anode and an introduction path for supplying air to the cathode, and that generates electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the air;
With
A water treatment apparatus, wherein the fuel cell is provided with a discharge port for taking out purified water obtained at the time of power generation by an electrochemical reaction, and electricity obtained by the fuel cell is recirculated to the DC power source. A reformer that extracts hydrogen by electrolyzing water;
A DC power supply for supplying electricity to the reformer;
An introduction path for supplying the hydrogen obtained by the reformer to the anode and an introduction path for supplying the oxygen obtained by the reformer to the cathode, and generating electricity by an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen A fuel cell,
With
The fuel cell is provided with a discharge port for taking out purified water obtained during power generation by an electrochemical reaction, and electricity obtained by the fuel cell is recirculated to the DC power source through the battery. Water treatment equipment.   The reformer includes a cathode and an anode that are connected to the DC power source and face each other, a hydrogen storage tank section and a hydrogen discharge path that are positioned above the cathode side, and an oxygen storage section and oxygen that are positioned above the anode side The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a discharge path.   The water treatment according to claim 3, wherein a water supply channel for supplying water to be electrolyzed and a drainage channel for discharging water after electrolysis are formed in the lower part of the reformer. apparatus. The reformer includes a controller that controls a solenoid valve and the DC power source provided respectively in the water supply channel and the drainage channel,
The said control part is controlling water supply, electrolysis, and waste_water | drain in the said reformer based on the electrical resistance between the said cathode and said anode which mutually oppose. Water treatment equipment.   The water treatment device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the reforming device includes a reverse electricity means for reversely electrifying opposing electrodes.   The water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a solar battery is used as an electric supply source to the DC power source.

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