JP2011144488A - Production device and production method for nanofiber - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To improve maintainability. Improve the ability to respond to the type of raw material liquid.
An outflow body having a plurality of outflow holes 216 for letting out a raw material liquid 300 into a space in a radial direction, a charging electrode 221 arranged at a predetermined interval from the outflow body 211, and the outflow body 211 are charged. A charging power source 222 for applying a predetermined voltage to the electrode 221 is provided, and the outflow body 211 forms a plurality of outflow holes 216 when combined, and the plurality of outflow holes 216 are formed into the raw material liquid 300 when disassembled. The 1st outflow body 241 and the 2nd outflow body 242 which are divided | segmented along the distribution direction of are provided.
[Selection] Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a fiber (nanofiber) having a fineness of sub-micron order to nano order by an electrostatic stretching phenomenon.

  As a method for producing a thread-like (fibrous) substance made of a resin or the like and having a submicron-scale diameter, a method using an electrostatic stretching phenomenon (electrospinning) is known.

  This electrostatic stretching phenomenon means that a raw material liquid in which a solute such as a resin is dispersed or dissolved in a solvent is discharged (injected) into the space by a nozzle or the like, and an electric charge is applied to the raw material liquid to charge the space. This is a method of obtaining nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in flight.

  The electrostatic stretching phenomenon will be described more specifically as follows. That is, the raw material liquid that has been charged and discharged into the space gradually evaporates the solvent while flying through the space. As a result, the volume of the raw material liquid in flight gradually decreases, but the charge imparted to the raw material liquid remains in the raw material liquid. As a result, the charge density of the raw material liquid in flight through the space gradually increases. Since the solvent continues to evaporate, the charge density of the raw material liquid further increases, and when the repulsive Coulomb force generated in the raw material liquid exceeds the surface tension of the raw material liquid, the raw material liquid explodes. The phenomenon that the film is stretched linearly occurs. This is the electrostatic stretching phenomenon. This electrostatic stretching phenomenon occurs geometrically in the space one after another, so that a nanofiber made of a resin having a diameter of sub-micron to nano-order is manufactured.

  When producing nanofibers using the electrostatic stretching phenomenon as described above, as in the invention described in Patent Document 1, it is a hole for allowing the raw material liquid to flow out to the peripheral wall of the outflow body, which is a cylindrical member. An apparatus for producing nanofibers is used in which an outflow hole is provided in the radial direction and the cylindrical member is rotated about an axis so that the raw material liquid flows out into the space.

  In order to manufacture high-quality (for example, a narrow diameter) nanofiber using such a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus, the diameter of the outflow hole provided in the outflow body may be reduced. In addition, depending on the viscosity of the raw material liquid to be used, the diameter of the outflow hole may be reduced in order to prevent so-called liquid dripping from unexpectedly leaking from the outflow body.

  On the other hand, the solute for constituting the nanofiber contained in the raw material liquid often clogs the outflow holes, and the smaller the diameter of the outflow holes, the higher the possibility of clogging.

  If such clogging of the outflow holes is left as it is, the amount of the raw material liquid flowing out into the space is reduced, and the production efficiency of the nanofiber is lowered. In addition, when collecting nanofibers by deposition, unevenness may occur in the deposition thickness.

  In addition, as mentioned above, the quality and quality of the nanofibers to be manufactured can be adjusted by changing the hole diameter and hole length of the outflow holes depending on the type of raw material liquid and the viscosity of the raw material liquid. is there.

JP 2008-150769 A

  However, the clogging of the outflow hole due to the solute is removed at the time of maintenance. However, since the outflow hole has a small diameter, it is very difficult to remove the clogging, and it is necessary to spend a long time for the maintenance.

  Moreover, when changing the hole diameter and the hole length of the outflow hole, it is necessary to replace the entire outflow body, so it is necessary to spend a long time for the changeover to change the hole diameter and the hole length of the outflow hole.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, and provides the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and nanofiber manufacturing method which can remove the clogging of an outflow hole easily as a 1st objective.

  A second object is to provide a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method capable of easily changing the diameter and length of the outflow holes.

  In order to achieve the above object, a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus that manufactures nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space. An outflow body having a plurality of outflow holes to be discharged in a radial direction, a charging electrode arranged at a predetermined interval from the outflow body, and charging for applying a predetermined voltage between the outflow body and the charging electrode A first power outlet that divides the plurality of outflow holes in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the outflow holes when disassembled. And two effluents.

  Thereby, by decomposing the first outflow body and the second outflow body, the outflow holes can be divided along the direction in which the raw material liquid flows, and the first outflow body corresponding to the peripheral surface of the outflow holes can be divided. It becomes possible to directly face the surface and the surface of the second effluent.

  Therefore, the solute contained in the raw material liquid adhering to the first effluent and the second effluent can be directly and physically acted, and the cause of clogging can be easily removed.

  The first outflow body includes a plurality of planar first joint portions that form a plurality of outflow holes, and the second outflow body includes grooves that are joined to the plurality of first joint portions to form outflow holes. You may provide two or more 2nd junction parts provided.

  According to this, if a plurality of types of second effluent bodies having different groove depths, shapes, lengths, and the like are provided, the diameter and length of the outflow holes provided in the effluent body can be obtained simply by replacing the second effluent body. Can be easily changed.

  Furthermore, it is a cylindrical third outflow body having both ends open, and has a plurality of third joint portions at one end portion provided with grooves that are joined to the plurality of first joint portions to form a plurality of outflow holes. A third outflow body may be provided that has a flat fourth joint portion at the other end portion that is joined to the plurality of second joint portions to form the plurality of outflow holes.

  According to this, the number of outflow holes can be increased only by interposing the third outflow body between the first outflow body and the second outflow body.

  Therefore, if a plurality of types of second effluents and third effluents having different groove depths, shapes, lengths, and the like are provided, the effluent is provided only by replacing the second effluent and the third effluent. In addition to the diameter and length of the outflow holes, the number of outflow holes can be easily changed.

  In order to achieve the above object, a nanofiber manufacturing method according to the present invention is a nanofiber manufacturing method for manufacturing nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space. An outflow body having a plurality of outflow holes to be discharged in a radial direction, wherein a plurality of outflow holes are formed when combined, and the plurality of outflow holes are substantially perpendicular to the direction of the outflow holes when disassembled. An outflow step of flowing out the raw material liquid from an outflow body comprising a first outflow body and a second outflow body that are divided, a charging electrode arranged at a predetermined interval from the outflow body, and the outflow body And a charging step of applying a predetermined voltage.

  Thereby, by decomposing the first outflow body and the second outflow body, the outflow holes can be divided along the direction in which the raw material liquid flows, and the first outflow body corresponding to the peripheral surface of the outflow holes can be divided. It becomes possible to directly face the surface and the surface of the second effluent.

  Therefore, the solute contained in the raw material liquid adhering to the first effluent and the second effluent can be directly and physically acted, and the cause of clogging can be easily removed.

  According to the present invention, the time spent for maintenance can be shortened, and the hole length and hole diameter of the outflow hole can be easily changed.

It is a top view which shows a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus from a front part typically notching. It is a top view which cuts out a part of nanofiber manufacturing apparatus typically and shows it from the upper surface. It is a top view shown from the front which cuts and shows the discharge | release means. It is a perspective view which shows discharge | release means. It is a figure which shows the state which decomposed | disassembled the outflow body, (a) is a top view which shows an external appearance from the front, (b) is a top view which shows a cross section from the front. It is a front view which shows the outflow body combined. It is a perspective view which shows the outflow body of the state decomposed | disassembled. It is a figure which shows the state which flows out a raw material liquid by a pressure. (A) It is a front view which shows the state which combined the 1st outflow body, the 2nd outflow body, and the 3rd outflow body with an external appearance, (b) It is a front view which shows the cross-section in the disassembled state.

  Next, a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus from the front with a part cut away.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus from the top with a part cut away.

  As shown in these drawings, the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a discharge unit 200, a collection unit 110, and an attracting unit 120.

  Here, the raw material liquid for manufacturing the nanofiber is referred to as a raw material liquid 300, and the manufactured nanofiber is referred to as a nanofiber 301. Since it changes to 301, the boundary between the raw material liquid 300 and the nanofiber 301 is ambiguous and cannot be clearly distinguished.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view from the front showing the discharge means cut away.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the discharging means.

  As shown in these drawings, the discharge means 200 is a unit that can discharge the charged raw material liquid 300 and the manufactured nanofiber 301, and includes an outflow means 201 and a charging means 202. In the case of the present embodiment, the discharge means 200 has a function of carrying the raw material liquid 300 and the nanofibers 301 on a gas flow, and further includes a wind tunnel body 209 and a gas flow generation means 203. In addition, the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present invention can be realized by the emitting means 200 alone described in the present embodiment.

  The charging unit 202 is a device that charges the raw material liquid 300 by applying an electric charge. In the case of the present embodiment, the charging unit 202 includes a charging electrode 221, a charging power source 222, and a grounding unit 223. An outflow body 211 (which will be described later as a constituent member of the outflow means 201) also functions as one of the charging means 202.

  The charging electrode 221 is a member for inducing charges in the effusing body 211 by being a high voltage or a low voltage with respect to the effusing body 211. In the case of the present embodiment, the charging electrode 221 is an annular member arranged so as to surround the periphery of the outflow body 211, and a predetermined voltage is applied to the ground. Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 1-4, the cross section of the charging electrode 221 is circular. When a positive voltage is applied to the charging electrode 221, a negative charge is induced in the outflow body 211, and when a negative voltage is applied to the charging electrode 221, a positive charge is induced in the outflow body 211. .

  Note that the shape of the charging electrode 221 is not limited to an annular shape, and may be a polygonal shape depending on the relationship with the shape of the outflow body 211. The cross-sectional shape may be a rectangle or the like.

  In addition, the charging electrode 221 may not be disposed in the vicinity of the periphery of the outflow body 211. For example, the two functions of charging the raw material liquid 300 and attracting the nanofiber 301 to be manufactured may be combined, such as causing an attracting electrode 121 described later to function as the charging electrode 221.

  The grounding means 223 is a member that is electrically connected to the outflow body 211 and can maintain the outflow body 211 at the ground potential. One end of the grounding means 223 functions as a brush so that the electrical connection state can be maintained even when the outflow body 211 is in a rotating state, and the other end is connected to the ground.

  The charging power source 222 is a power source that can apply a high voltage between the charging electrode 221 and the effluent 211. In the case of the present embodiment, the charging power source 222 is connected to the charging electrode 221 and is connected to the effluent 211 via the ground. In general, a DC power supply is often used as the charging power supply 222, but the use of an AC power supply is not excluded. A direct current power source is preferable when the charged polarity of the nanofiber 301 to be manufactured is not affected, or when the charged nanofiber 301 is collected and collected on the electrode. Further, when the charging power source 222 is a DC power source, the voltage applied to the charging electrode 221 by the charging power source 222 is preferably set from a value in the range of 10 KV or more and 200 KV or less. When a negative voltage is applied to the charging power source 222, the polarity of the applied voltage becomes negative. In particular, the electric field strength between the outflow body 211 and the charging electrode is important, and the applied voltage is adjusted so that the electric field strength is 1 KV / cm or more in the space where the distance between the charging electrode 221 and the outflow body 211 is the closest. Is preferred.

  If an induction method is employed for the charging means 202 as in the present embodiment, it is possible to apply a charge to the raw material liquid 300 while maintaining the effluent 211 at the ground potential. If the outflow body 211 is in a ground potential state, it is not necessary to electrically insulate members such as the drive source 213 connected to the outflow body 211 from the outflow body 211, and a simple structure can be adopted as the outflow means 201. This is preferable.

  As the charging means 202, a charge may be applied to the raw material liquid 300 by connecting a power source to the effluent 211, maintaining the effluent 211 at a high voltage, and grounding the charging electrode 221. In addition, the outflow body 211 is formed of an insulator, and an electrode that is in direct contact with the raw material liquid 300 stored in the outflow body 211 is disposed inside the outflow body 211, and charges are applied to the raw material liquid 300 using the electrodes. It may be a thing. Further, the raw material liquid 300 may be charged by applying a high voltage between the effluent 211 and the charging electrode 221 without grounding the effluent 211 and the charging electrode 221.

  The outflow means 201 is an apparatus that causes the raw material liquid 300 to flow out into the space. In this embodiment, the outflow means 201 is an apparatus that causes the raw material liquid 300 to flow out radially by pressure and centrifugal force. The outflow means 201 includes an outflow body 211, a rotating shaft body 212, a drive source 213, and a pressurizing means 130.

  FIGS. 5A and 5B are views showing a state in which the outflow body is disassembled, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view showing the appearance from the front, and FIG. 5B is a plan view showing the cross section from the front.

  FIG. 6 is a front view showing the combined outflow bodies.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the outflow body in a disassembled state.

  The outflow body 211 is a member provided in the radial direction with a plurality of outflow holes 216 (see FIG. 6) through which the raw material liquid 300 flows out into the space. When the outflow bodies 211 are combined, the outflow bodies 216 are formed. A first outflow body 241 and a second outflow body 242 that divide the plurality of outflow holes 216 in a direction (arrow in FIG. 5) substantially perpendicular to the direction of the outflow holes 216 are provided. The outflow body 211 also functions as an electrode for supplying electric charge to the raw material liquid 300 that flows out, and at least a part of the portion in contact with the raw material liquid 300 is formed of a conductive member. In the case of the present embodiment, the entire outflow body 211 is made of metal. In addition, if the kind of metal is provided with electroconductivity, it will not specifically limit, Arbitrary materials, such as brass and stainless steel, can be selected.

  The first outflow body 241 is a member constituting the main body of the outflow body 211. As shown in these drawings, the first outflow body 241 includes a cylindrical portion 231, a flange portion 232, and a piston 235.

  The cylindrical portion 231 is a cylindrical member through which the raw material liquid 300 flows and is a portion that becomes the body of the outflow body 211. In the case of the present embodiment, the outflow body 211 causes the raw material liquid 300 to flow out by a centrifugal force due to rotation, and the cylindrical portion 231 also functions as a rotating shaft body of the outflow body 211. Moreover, the cylinder part 231 is provided with a storage space for storing the raw material liquid 300 inward, and one end is provided with a relatively narrow hole for adjusting pressure, and the other is closed by a piston 235. The cylindrical portion 231 is configured such that the raw material liquid 300 stored in the inner storage space is compressed by the piston 235 so that the raw material liquid 300 can be discharged to the flange portion 232 side.

  The flange portion 232 is a portion of the first outflow body 241 that protrudes radially from one end of the cylindrical portion 231 over the entire circumference. In addition, the flange portion 232 includes a plurality of planar first joint portions 243 that form a plurality of outflow holes 216. In the case of the present embodiment, the first joint portion 243 is arranged in an annular shape on one surface.

  The second outflow body 242 is a member that constitutes a part of the outflow body 211. As shown in these drawings, the second outflow body 242 is joined to the flange portion 232 of the first outflow body 241 in abutting state to form a plurality of outflow holes 216. The second effusing body 242 includes a recess 255 that communicates with all of the plural outflow holes 216 and forms a space for storing the raw material liquid. The second outflow body 242 includes a second joint portion 244 provided with a groove 245 joined to the first joint portion 243 to form the outflow hole 216.

  If the first joint 243 of the first effluent 241 and the second joint 244 of the second effluent 242 are butted together and the first effluent 241 and the second effluent 242 are combined, the second joint 244 The provided groove 245 is closed by the surface of the first joint portion 243, and the outflow hole 216 is formed. In the case of the present embodiment, the outflow body 211 includes a plurality of, specifically 24, combinations of the groove 245 of the second joint portion 244 and the surface of the first joint portion 243.

  An outflow body 211 (see FIG. 6) in which the first outflow body 241 and the second outflow body are combined includes a member provided with an outflow hole 216 in the radial direction for allowing the raw material liquid 300 passing through the cylindrical portion 231 to flow out into the space. Become. Further, the flange portion 232 of the first outflow body 241 and the second outflow body 242 are provided with a front end portion 116 in which the front end openings of the outflow holes 216 are arranged on the circumference, and from the front end portion 116 toward the center. And two side surfaces 117 extending so as to sandwich the outflow hole 216 from the front end portion 116.

  In the case of the present embodiment, it is preferable that the diameter of the flange portion 232 is adopted from a range of 10 mm or more and 300 mm or less. If it is too large, a large vibration occurs if the weight balance is slightly deviated, for example, the rotational axis of the effluent 211 is eccentric, and a structure that firmly supports the effluent 211 is required to suppress the vibration. Because it becomes. On the other hand, if it is too small, the rotation for causing the raw material liquid 300 to flow out by centrifugal force must be increased, which causes problems such as load and vibration of the drive source.

  Since the outflow body 211 includes the flange portion 232 and the second outflow body 242, the adjacent outflow hole 216 and the outflow hole 216 are connected to each other by the front end portion 116, thereby suppressing the generation of ion wind. Thus, the nanofiber 301 can be manufactured in a stable state. Further, since the side surface portion 117 is arranged so as to become gradually narrower toward the front end portion 116, the charge can be easily concentrated on the front end portion 116, and the charge can be efficiently supplied to the raw material liquid 300.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the outflow body 211 has a cylindrical portion 231 rotatably fixed by a bearing 215, and is rotated around an axis by a drive source 213. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the outflow body 211 is applied with a force A to the piston 235 disposed inside the cylindrical portion 231 by the pressurizing means 130, and the raw material liquid 300 stored inside the cylindrical portion 231 is the first. It can supply to the space enclosed by the one outflow body 241 and the second outflow body 242.

  As described above, the outflow body 211 can cause the raw material liquid 300 to flow out by the centrifugal force by rotation and the pressure by the pressurizing means 130.

  The pressurizing means 130 is a device that applies a force A to the piston 235 disposed inside the cylindrical portion 231. In the case of the present embodiment, a force A is applied to the piston 235 by gas pressure. The pressurizing means 130 can mechanically apply the force A to the piston 235 using a stem or the like as long as it can apply the force A to the piston 235 while maintaining the rotation of the outflow body 211. But you can. The pressurizing unit 130 may be a pump that pumps the raw material liquid 300 into the cylindrical portion 231. In this case, the supply pressure applied to the raw material liquid 300 by the pump is the pressure at which the raw material liquid 300 flows out.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to the above.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 9, you may provide the cylindrical 3rd outflow body 236 which both ends open. The third outflow body 236 has a plurality of third joint portions 247 provided at one end with grooves 245 joined to the plurality of first joint portions 243 to form a plurality of outflow holes 216, and the second joint portion 244. This is a member having a flat fourth joint 248 at the other end that is joined to form a plurality of outflow holes 216. By combining the third outflow body 236, the first outflow body 241 and the second outflow body 242, the number of outflow holes 216 is increased from the outflow body 211 composed of the first outflow body 241 and the second outflow body 242. Is possible.

  In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 245 provided in the second joint portion 244 and the third joint portion 247 can adopt an arbitrary shape such as a rectangle as well as a semicircular shape as illustrated. Further, the first joint portion 243 is not limited to a flat surface, and a groove may be provided at a position corresponding to the groove 245 provided in the second joint portion 244. As the cross-sectional shape of the groove, an arbitrary shape such as a semicircle or a rectangle can be adopted.

  Further, by preparing a plurality of types of second effluent 242 having different cross-sectional shapes, sizes, numbers, etc. of the grooves 245, and only changing the second effluent 242 according to the viscosity of the raw material liquid 300 to be used, It becomes possible to realize the outflow bodies 211 in which the diameters of the outflow holes 216 and the number of outflow holes 216 are different. Furthermore, if a plurality of types of the third effluent 236 having different shapes of the grooves 245 are prepared, it is possible to easily realize the effluent 211 flying into the variation by the combination of the second effluent 242 and the third effluent 236. It becomes. In this case, it is preferable that the 1st junction part 243 of the 1st outflow body 241 is a plane. This is because it is possible to flexibly cope with combinations of different second effluents 242 and third effluents 236.

  Next, although not essential for the present invention, the gas flow generating means 203 for controlling the flight path of the raw material liquid 300 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the gas flow generating means 203 is a device that generates a gas flow for changing the flight direction of the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow body 211 to a predetermined direction. The gas flow generation means 203 is provided on the back portion of the outflow body 211 and generates a gas flow from the rear of the outflow body 211 toward the tip. In the case of the present embodiment, the gas flow generation means 203 can generate wind power that can change the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow body 211 in the radial direction in the axial direction. In FIG. 3, the gas flow is indicated by arrows. In the case of the present embodiment, a blower including an axial fan that forcibly blows the atmosphere around the discharge unit 200 is employed as the gas flow generation unit 203.

  The wind tunnel body 209 is a conduit that guides the gas flow generated by the gas flow generation means 203 from the charging electrode 221 to the vicinity of the outflow hole 216 of the outflow body 211. In the case of the present embodiment, the gas flow guided by the wind tunnel body 209 intersects with the raw material liquid 300 flowing out from the outflow hole 216 of the outflow body 211 after passing through the inside of the charging electrode 221, and Change the flight direction.

  Next, the collecting means 110 and the attracting means 120 included in the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the collecting unit 110 is a device for collecting the nanofibers 301 emitted from the emitting unit 200, and includes a deposition target member 101, a transfer unit 104, and a supply unit 111. I have.

  The member to be deposited 101 is a member on which the nanofibers 301 that are manufactured and fly by the electrostatic stretching phenomenon are deposited. In the case of the present embodiment, the member to be deposited 101 is a thin and flexible long sheet-like member made of a material that can be easily separated from the deposited nanofibers 301.

  The transfer means 104 is a device that can transfer the deposition target member 101. In the case of the present embodiment, the member to be deposited 101 is conveyed together with the nanofibers 301 to be pulled out from the supply means 111 while winding the long member to be deposited 101. The transfer means 104 is capable of winding the nanofibers 301 deposited in the form of a nonwoven fabric together with the member to be deposited 101.

  The attracting means 120 is a device for attracting the nanofiber 301 flying in the space to a predetermined place. Examples of a method for attracting the nanofiber 301 include a method for attracting the nanofiber 301 by sucking a gas flow and a method for attracting the charged nanofiber 301 by an electric field (electric field). In the case of the present embodiment, the attracting means 120 employs a device that can selectively or simultaneously implement a method of attracting a gas flow and a method of attracting with an electric field, An attraction electrode 121 and an attraction power source 122 are provided.

  The suction means 102 is a device that forcibly sucks the gas flow that passes through the deposition target member 101. In the present embodiment, the suction means 102 includes a funnel-shaped hood 103 and a blower 105. The blower 105 is a blower such as a sirocco fan or an axial fan, and is a device that can generate a gas flow from the deposition target member 101 toward the blower 105.

  Further, the suction unit 102 can suck most of the gas stream mixed with the solvent evaporated from the raw material liquid 300 and can transport the gas stream to the solvent recovery device 106 connected to the suction unit 102. Yes.

  The attracting electrode 121 is an electrode for generating an electric field for attracting the charged nanofiber 301. In the case of the present embodiment, a metal net capable of passing a gas flow is employed.

  The attraction power source 122 is a DC power source that can maintain the attraction electrode 121 at a predetermined voltage and polarity. In the case of the present embodiment, the attraction power source 122 is a DC power source that can freely change the voltage and polarity in the range of 0 V (grounded state) to 200 KV or less.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the nanofiber 301 using the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 of the said structure is demonstrated.

  First, the second outflow body 242 is assembled to the first outflow body 241 rotatably attached to the discharge means 200. Thereby, the outflow body 211 is formed (assembly process). Specifically, the 1st outflow body 241 whose outer diameter of the flange part 232 is (PHI) 60mm was used. Twenty-four outflow holes 216 formed by the combination of the first outflow body 241 and the second outflow body 242 were provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the hole diameter was 0.3 mm.

Next, the gas flow generating unit 203 generates a gas flow from the outflow body 211 toward the collecting unit 110 (gas flow generating step). On the other hand, the gas flow is sucked by the suction means 102. In the above state, the air volume was adjusted to 30 m ³ / min.

  Here, the resin constituting the nanofiber 301, and the solute dissolved or dispersed in the raw material liquid 300 is polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, poly- m-phenylene terephthalate, poly-p-phenylene isophthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride-acrylate copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrile-methacrylate copolymer Coalesce, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyester carbonate, polyamide, aramid, polyimide, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid Collagen, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polyvinyl acetate, polypeptides and the like, and polymeric materials such as copolymers thereof can be exemplified. Moreover, the kind selected from the above may be used, and a plurality of kinds may be mixed. In addition, the above is an illustration and this invention is not limited to the said resin.

  Examples of the solvent used for the raw material liquid 300 include volatile organic solvents. Specific examples are methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, tetraethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dibenzyl alcohol, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl. Ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, diisopropyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, acetone, hexafluoroacetone, phenol, formic acid, methyl formate, ethyl formate, propyl formate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, benzoate Propyl acid, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dipropyl phthalate, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, o-chloroto Ene, p-chlorotoluene, carbon tetrachloride, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethane, dichloropropane, dibromoethane, dibromopropane, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, propyl bromide, acetic acid, benzene, Toluene, hexane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, cyclopentane, o-xylene, p-xylene, m-xylene, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide, pyridine, water, etc. Can be shown. Moreover, the kind selected from the above may be used, and a plurality of kinds may be mixed. In addition, the above is an illustration and the raw material liquid 300 used for this invention is not limited to employ | adopting the said solvent.

Furthermore, an inorganic solid material may be added to the raw material liquid 300. Examples of the inorganic solid material include oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, silicides, fluorides, sulfides, and the like. It is preferable to use an oxide. Examples of the oxide include Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ , Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, B ₂ O ₃ , P ₂ O ₅ , SnO ₂ , ZrO ₂ , K. ₂ O, Cs ₂ O, ZnO, Sb ₂ O ₃ , As ₂ O ₃ , CeO ₂ , V ₂ O ₅ , Cr ₂ O ₃ , MnO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , CoO, NiO, Y ₂ O ₃ , Lu ₂ Examples thereof include O ₃ , Yb ₂ O ₃ , HfO ₂ , Nb ₂ O _{5 and the} like. Moreover, the kind selected from the above may be used, and a plurality of kinds may be mixed. In addition, the above is an illustration and the substance added to the raw material liquid 300 of this invention is not limited to the said additive.

  The mixing ratio of the solvent and the solute in the raw material liquid 300 varies depending on the type of solvent selected and the type of solute, but the amount of solvent is preferably between about 60 wt% and 98 wt%. The solute is preferably 5 to 30% by weight.

  In the case of this embodiment, PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is selected as the material of the nanofiber 301, and the raw material liquid 300 is a solvent in which water is used and PVA is dissolved in water at 10% by weight.

  Next, the charging power source 222 sets the charging electrode 221 to a positive or negative high voltage. As a result, charges concentrate on the tip portion 116, and the charges are transferred to the raw material liquid 300 passing through the outflow hole 216, and the raw material liquid 300 is charged (charging process). In this way, the charge concentrates on the front end portion 116 and the raw material liquid 300 is charged by the electric charge, so that the raw material liquid 300 flows out into the space in a strong charged state (high charge density).

  At the same time as the charging step, the pressurizing means 130 presses the piston 235 inside the cylindrical portion 231 to discharge the raw material liquid 300 between the first effluent 241 and the second effluent 242 and the effluent. 211 is rotated by the drive source 213, and the charged raw material liquid 300 flows out from the outflow hole 216 by centrifugal force (outflow process).

  The outflow body 211 was rotated at 2000 rpm, and the raw material liquid 300 was flowed out. On the other hand, the charging electrode 221 having an inner diameter of Φ600 mm was used, and the charging electrode 221 was made negative 60 KV with respect to the ground potential by the charging power source 222. As a result, positive charge is induced in the effluent 211, and the positively charged raw material liquid 300 flows out.

  The raw material liquid 300 that has flowed out in the radial direction of the outflow body 211 has its flight direction changed by the gas flow and is guided by the gas flow. Here, since the charged state of the raw material liquid 300 and the charging electrode 221 have opposite polarities, it is attracted by the Coulomb force and tries to fly toward the charging electrode 221, but most of the raw material liquid toward the charging electrode 221 is used. 300 is pushed back by the gas flow and flies toward the member 101 to be deposited.

  The raw material liquid 300 is discharged from the discharge means 200 while manufacturing the nanofiber 301 by the electrostatic stretching phenomenon (nanofiber manufacturing process). Here, since the raw material liquid 300 flows out in a strong charged state (high charge density), an electrostatic stretching phenomenon easily occurs, and most of the raw material liquid 300 that flows out changes to the nanofibers 301. In addition, since the raw material liquid 300 flows out in a strong charged state (high charge density), the electrostatic stretching phenomenon occurs over many orders, and a large amount of nanofibers 301 with a small wire diameter are manufactured.

  The gas flow may be heated by a heating means (not shown). By doing so, heat can be applied to the raw material liquid 300 to accelerate the evaporation of the solvent and promote the electrostatic stretching phenomenon.

  In this state, the suction means 102 disposed behind the deposition target member 101 sucks the gas flow together with the solvent that is the evaporated component, and attracts the nanofiber 301 onto the deposition target member 101 (attraction process). . In addition, an electric field is generated by the attracting electrode 121 to which a voltage is applied, and the nanofiber 301 is also attracted by the electric field (attraction process).

  As described above, the nanofibers 301 are deposited on the deposition target member 101 (deposition step). Since the member 101 to be deposited is slowly transferred by the transfer means 104, the nanofiber 301 is also collected as a long belt-like member extending in the transfer direction.

  When the manufacture of the nanofiber 301 is completed, the second effluent 242 is removed from the first effluent 241. As a result, since the entire groove 245 is widely opened, the PVA adhering to the inner surface of the groove 245 of the second joint portion 244 and the corresponding surface of the first joint portion 243 can be easily removed by solvent or brushing. (Maintenance process).

  Maintenance can be facilitated by manufacturing the nanofiber 301 using the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 configured as described above. Thereby, high production efficiency of the nanofiber 301 can be obtained. In addition, it is possible to manufacture high-quality nanofibers 301 at a high density without being affected by ion wind or the like from the shape of the effluent 211.

  Even when the nanofiber 301 is manufactured using different types of raw material liquids 300, the properties of the raw material liquid 300 and the properties of the nanofibers 301 can be improved by combining the second effluent 242 and the third effluent 236. It is possible to easily realize the effluent 211 according to the quality.

  In the above embodiment, the raw material liquid 300 is caused to flow out using centrifugal force, but the present invention is not limited to this. The raw material liquid 300 may be flowed out only by the pressurizing means 130 without rotating the outflow body 211.

  Further, in the present invention, the shape of the efflux body 211 is not limited to the above embodiment, but the meaning of the gist of the present invention, that is, the wording described in the claims, relative to the above embodiment. Modifications obtained by making various modifications conceivable by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention are also included in the present invention. For example, the flange portion 232 and the side surface portion 117 of the second outflow body 242 do not have to be inclined, and the flange portion 232 and the second outflow body 242 are combined into a cylindrical shape having a larger diameter than the cylindrical portion 231. Also good. Without the flange part 232, the outflow body 211 may be constituted only by the cylindrical part 231. In this case, the outflow hole 216 is arranged around the peripheral wall of the cylindrical portion 211, and the first outflow body and the second outflow body are separated at the position of the outflow hole 216. In addition, the outflow body 211 may be configured by only the flange portion 232 without the cylindrical portion. In this case, the raw material liquid 300 is supplied directly to the flange portion 23.

  In the drawing, the collecting means is shown in the left-right direction with respect to the discharging means, but this is merely an example of an embodiment that can realize the present invention. That is, in the claims, there is no wording that limits the direction of discharging the raw material liquid and the direction of collecting the manufactured nanofibers, but this does not indicate the intention to limit the description to the drawings. In other words, the direction is not an essential element for the present invention. Therefore, the direction in which the raw material liquid is discharged is within the scope of the present invention regardless of the global direction, and the direction in which the nanofibers are collected is within the scope of the present invention regardless of the global direction. Further, the positional relationship between the discharging means and the collecting means is not an essential element of the present invention. Therefore, even if the discharge means is disposed above the collection means, the discharge means is disposed below the collection means, or the line that virtually connects the discharge means and the collection means intersects in the vertical direction. It doesn't matter.

  The present invention can be used for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric using nanofibers, particularly for manufacturing a thick nonwoven fabric.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 101 Deposited member 102 Suction means 103 Hood 104 Transfer means 105 Blower 106 Solvent recovery apparatus 110 Collecting means 111 Supply means 116 Tip part 117 Side face part 120 Inducing means 121 Inducing electrode 122 Inviting power supply 130 Pressurizing means 200 Release Means 201 Outflow means 202 Charging means 203 Gas flow generation means 205 Heating means 209 Wind tunnel body 211 Outflow body 212 Rotating shaft body 213 Drive source 215 Bearing 216 Outflow hole 221 Charging electrode 222 Charging power supply 223 Grounding means 231 Tube portion 232 Flange portion 235 Piston 236 Third effluent 241 First effluent 242 Second effluent 243 First joint 244 Second joint 245 Groove 247 Third joint 248 Fourth joint 255 Recess 300 Raw material liquid 301 Nanofiber

Claims (7)

A nanofiber manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing nanofibers by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space,
An outflow body provided with a plurality of outflow holes for letting the raw material liquid flow into the space in a radial direction;
A charging electrode disposed at a predetermined interval from the effluent body;
A charging power source for applying a predetermined voltage between the effluent and the charging electrode;
The effluent is
A nanofiber manufacturing apparatus comprising a first outflow body and a second outflow body that form a plurality of outflow holes when combined and divide the plurality of outflow holes in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the outflow holes when disassembled . The first effluent is
Provided with a plurality of planar first joints forming a plurality of outflow holes,
The second effluent is
The nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of second joint portions provided with grooves that are joined to the plurality of first joint portions to form outflow holes. further,
A cylindrical third effluent body having both ends open, and having a plurality of third joint portions at one end provided with grooves that are joined to the plurality of first joint portions to form a plurality of outflow holes. The nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a third outflow body having a flat fourth joint portion that is joined to the second joint portion and forms a plurality of the outflow holes at the other end. 2. The nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second outflow body includes a concave portion that communicates with all of the plurality of outflow holes and forms a storage space in which the raw material liquid is stored. The first effluent is
A cylindrical tube portion in which the raw material liquid flows inward, and a flange portion that protrudes radially from one end of the tube portion over the entire circumference,
The flange portion of the first outflow body and the second outflow body are combined to form an outflow hole, and the side surface of the flange portion and the side surface of the second outflow body facing each other with the outflow hole interposed therebetween, The nanofiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flange portions are arranged so that a mutual interval gradually increases from a radial tip to a central direction. The first effluent is
A cylindrical portion in which the raw material liquid circulates, and includes a cylindrical portion that is rotatably held by a bearing,
The said nanofiber manufacturing apparatus is a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1 further provided with the drive source which provides rotational force to said 1st outflow body. A nanofiber manufacturing method for manufacturing a nanofiber by electrically stretching a raw material liquid in a space,
An outflow body that has a plurality of outflow holes in the radial direction for allowing the raw material liquid to flow out into the space, and forms a plurality of outflow holes when combined, and when disassembled, the plurality of outflow holes indicate the direction of the outflow holes. An outflow step for flowing out the raw material liquid from the outflow body comprising a first outflow body and a second outflow body that are divided in a substantially vertical direction;
A nanofiber manufacturing method, comprising: a charging electrode disposed at a predetermined interval from the effluent body; and a charging step of applying a predetermined voltage between the effluent body.

Images