JP2011036270A - 分解性チューインガム - Google Patents
分解性チューインガム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2011036270A JP2011036270A JP2010262112A JP2010262112A JP2011036270A JP 2011036270 A JP2011036270 A JP 2011036270A JP 2010262112 A JP2010262112 A JP 2010262112A JP 2010262112 A JP2010262112 A JP 2010262112A JP 2011036270 A JP2011036270 A JP 2011036270A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gum base
- gum
- chewing gum
- component
- elastomer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G4/08—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds of the chewing gum base
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】上記ガムベース組成物は、(a)加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩と、(b)エラストマーと、を含むガムベースである。前記加水分解性単位は、エステル結合又はエーテル結合からなる群より選択されることが好ましい。また、前記加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩は、アルカリ金属塩又はアルカリ土類金属塩からなる群より選択されることが好ましい。
【選択図】図31
Description
本願は、2006年10月11日に出願の米国特許出願番号第11/546476号(2006年8月22日に出願の米国特許出願番号第11/508020号の一部継続出願である)の国際出願である。この米国特許出願番号第11/508020号は、2006年6月23日に出願の米国特許出願番号第60/816180号の利益を主張し、この米国特許出願番号第11/508020号はまた、2005年11月18日に出願の米国特許出願番号第11/283331号の一部継続出願であり、この米国特許出願番号第11/508020号は、2005年11月18日に出願の米国特許出願番号第11/283217号の一部継続出願である;そして、本願は、2006年8月22日に出願のPCT/US2006/032849号の利益も主張し、これは2005年11月18日に出願の米国特許出願番号第11/283331号の優先権を主張し;また、本願は、2006年8月22日に出願のPCT/US2006/032851号の利益も主張し、これは2005年11月18日に出願の米国特許出願番号第11/283217号に優先権を主張する。これら全ての内容全体を、本願に引用して援用する。
本明細書で使用する場合、移行句「comprising(有している)」(「comprises」(有する)等も同様)は、「including(含んでいる)」「containing(含有している)」又は「characterized by(特徴とする)」と同義で、包括的即ちオープンエンド型であり、請求項の前提部又は本文いずれでの使用に関わらず、付加的な、記載していない要素又は方法における工程を除外しない。
本発明は、ガムベースの加工を助長するのみならず、最終的なチューインガム組成物とそれから得られる製品との特定の効果及び特性に寄与する特定の成分を混和することにより、従来のチューインガム組成物を上回る多くの効果を提供する。かかる効果の1つは、チューインガムベースの加工途中と噛んだ後の両方において、ガムベースに、ひいてはチューインガム組成物全体に付与される低付着性及び/若しくは非付着性、並びに/又は高分解性である。別の効果は、ガム樹脂のような従来の溶媒添加剤に依存することなく、エラストマーのガムベース成分を加工する能力である。更に別の効果は、ガムベースの中のエラストマー溶媒の一部又は全部を、非付着誘引成分で置き換える能力である。ある実施態様では、エラストマー溶媒の一部のみが置き換えられ、それから得られるチューインガム組成物に付着性を付与することなく、溶媒の軟化能力の効果を得る。
本発明の他の実施態様において、チューインガム組成物は、その密着を維持する能力を解放し、経時的により小さい不連続片へと粉々に分断するといった、チューインガムの分解を促進する付加的成分を混和することで、より環境的に優しくしてもよい。分解に寄与する成分としては、例えば太陽光のような光に暴露されるとエラストマー成分と反応してそれらの分解を引き起こす、或いはその他に付着性が小さくなるように変質させる光吸収材料が挙げられる。ある実施態様では、光に曝されると、エラストマー成分の分子量は、それら及びそれらを含有するチューインガム組成物の付着性を低くするのに十分な大きさに低下する。ある実施態様では、光に曝されると、エラストマーの付着性を低減させるのみならず、それらを含むチューインガム組成物の付着性を低減させるのに十分なまでエラストマー成分の分子量を増加させる成分を含んでもよい。
ある実施態様では、チューインガム組成物に親水性前駆体成分を混和し、次いで加水分解を促進する条件に曝すと、その結果、親水性前駆体成分を含まないガムベースよりも迅速に分解するチューインガム組成物が得られることになる。特に、加水分解を促進する条件への曝露は、チューインガムを噛んだもの(例えば、チューインガムを噛んで表面に置かれたもの)の粒子への破断を増強し、且つ/又はチューインガムを噛んだものの接着性低下を引き起こす。
ある実施態様では、チューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物に親水性前駆体成分を混和し、次いで清掃プロセスに曝す(清掃用洗浄剤等のアルカリ成分への曝露を含む)と、その結果、親水性前駆体成分を含まないチューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物よりも迅速に分解するチューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物が得られることになる。特に、チューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物に親水性前駆体成分を混和し、次いで約8〜約14までのpHを有するアルカリ成分(清掃用洗浄剤等)に曝すと、その結果、親水性前駆体成分を含まないチューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物よりも迅速に分解するチューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物が得られることになる。
ある実施態様では、チューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物に親水性前駆体成分を混和し、次いで雨水及び/又は太陽光に曝す(例えば、雨水及び/又は太陽光の循環条件への曝露)と、その結果、親水性前駆体成分を含まないチューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物よりも迅速に分解するチューインガムベース及び/又は組成物が得られることになる。更に、ある実施態様では、親水性前駆体成分(GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体及び/又はその塩等)を含有する本発明のチューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物の降雨への曝露で、チューインガムベース及び/又チューインガム組成物が、ブラッシングによって表面から除去され得る粉末にまで破断することが望ましい。
ある実施態様では、チューインガムベース及び/又は組成物に親水性前駆体成分を混和し、次いで脱イオン水に曝すと、その結果、親水性前駆体成分を含まないチューインガムベース及び/又はチューインガム組成物よりも迅速に分解するチューインガムベース及び/又は組成物が得られることになる。
ある実施態様では、親水性前駆体成分を含有するガムベースは、加水分解を促進する条件に曝すと、充填剤成分が存在しないときよりも充填剤成分が存在するときに、より迅速に分解することになる。特に、ある実施態様では、例えば、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、リン酸二カルシウムと、親水性前駆体成分とを含有するガムベースは、加水分解を促進する条件に曝されると、充填剤成分としてタルクを含有しない同様のガムベースよりも迅速に分解することになる。更に、親水性前駆体成分と併せて充填剤成分としてタルクを含有するガムベースは、ある実施態様で加水分解を促進する条件に曝すと、意外にも親水性前駆体成分と併せて充填剤成分として炭酸塩を含有するガムベースよりも迅速に分解することになるのが発見されている。どのような特定理論にも拘束されることは望ましくないが、加水分解の増強は、炭酸塩充填剤によって触媒されると理論付けられ、その結果、GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体の抽出の増大が引き起こされる。
ある実施態様では、ポリオール類及び香味剤等の他の成分を添加する前に親水性前駆体成分をチューインガムベースに混和することで、ポリオール類及び香味剤を添加した後に親水性前駆体成分を添加するチューインガム組成物と比較して、高分解性を示すチューインガム組成物が得られることになる。更に、ある実施態様では、ポリオール類及び香味剤等の他の成分を添加する前に親水性前駆体成分をチューインガムベースに混和すると、より少量の親水性前駆体成分を用いるだけで分解性を高めることができるようになる。
一般に、親水性前駆体成分を含有するチューインガム組成物の破砕速度は、pHの増加の伴って増大する。具体的には、pHを増加させることによって、特に7.0を上回ると、チューインガム組成物が加水分解して破砕するのに必要な時間(即ち、遅延時間)を短縮できる。
一般に、親水性前駆体成分を含有するチューインガム組成物の破砕速度は、親水性前駆体成分の量の増加に伴って増大する。
ある実施態様では、本発明にかかる親水性前駆体成分を含有するチューインガムベースは、およそ2時間後に破砕し始め、48時間以内に完全に破砕することになる。特に、ある実施態様では、本発明にかかる、10%のGANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体及び/又はその塩(処方の前後いずれに形成されてもよい)、特に、GANTREZ AN(登録商標)及び/又はその塩を含有し、約12のpHを有するアルカリ成分に曝されるチューインガム組成物は、約12のpHを有するアルカリ成分に曝した後、およそ2時間後に破砕の徴候(具体的には、表面にわずかな白化及び粗面化)を示し始め、48時間以内に完全に破砕することになる。
加水分解を促進する条件に曝す際にチューインガム組成物の破砕を促進することに加えて、親水性前駆体成分の使用は官能面から有益であり、特に、親水性前駆体成分を用いることにより、ガムの親水性の発現を遅延させることが可能となり、それによってガムが咀嚼の間に感知されるテクスチャを有することができるようになる。
ガムベースに使用するエラストマー(ゴム)は、所望のガムベースの種類、所望のガム組成物の整合性及びチューインガムの最終製品を調製するためにガム組成物に使用する他の成分等の種々の要因によって極めて多様である。エラストマーは、当技術分野で公知の任意の水不溶性のポリマーであってもよく、チューインガム及び風船ガムに利用されるガムポリマーを含む。ガムベースの適切なポリマーの例として、天然及び合成のエラストマーが挙げられる。例えば、エラストマー部分組成物において適切なポリマーとしては、限定されるものではないが、チクル、天然ゴム、クラウンガム、ニスペロ、ロシジンハ、ジェルトン、ペリロ、ニガーグッタ、トゥーヌ、バラタ、グッタペルカ、レチ−カプシ、ソルバ、グッタ−カイ等、及びそれらの組み合わせのような(植物由来の)天然物質が挙げられる。合成エラストマーの例としては、限定されるものではないが、スチレン‐ブタジエンコポリマー(SBR)、ポリイソブチレン、イソブチレン‐イソプレンコポリマー、ポリエチレン、ポリ酢酸ビニル等、及びこれらの組み合わせが挙げられる。エラストマーの具体例としては、ポリイソブチレン、スチレンブタジエンゴム、ブチルゴム、及びこれらの組み合わせが挙げられる。
薬、鎮静薬、ブロモクリプチン又はニコチン等の禁煙補助薬、交感神経遮断薬、振戦薬調剤、尿管作用薬、血管拡張薬、緩下薬、制酸薬、イオン交換樹脂、抗発熱薬、食欲抑制薬、去痰薬、抗不安薬、抗潰瘍薬、抗炎症性物質、冠動脈拡張薬、脳拡張薬、末梢血管拡張薬、向精神薬、刺激薬、抗高血圧薬、血管収縮薬、片頭痛治療薬、抗生物質、精神安定薬、抗精神病薬、抗腫瘍薬、抗凝固薬、抗血栓薬、睡眠薬、鎮吐薬、抗嘔吐薬、抗痙攣薬、神経筋肉作用薬、高糖血症及び低糖血症薬、甲状腺及び抗甲状腺薬調剤、利尿薬、鎮痙薬、子宮弛緩薬、肥満抑制薬、赤血球生成薬、抗喘息薬、鎮咳剤、粘液溶解薬、DNA及び遺伝的修飾薬、及びそれらの組合せが挙げられる。
表1
本発明のガムベース組成物A〜F
本発明のガムベース組成物G〜I
本発明のガムベース組成物A〜Iを用いた本発明のチューインガム組成物を30分間にわたって噛み、その噛んだものを、直径1.25cmのPVCパイプからなるサンプルホルダーの内側のコンクリートレンガの上に置いた。図1Aと1Bは、どのようにしてガムのサンプルをレンガに適用して、本願に記載のような接着テストに供したかを例示する写真である。噛んだものを圧縮してコンクリートに押し付けた。その押し付けた噛んだものを付けたレンガを、室温で72時間状態を整えた。Instron Corporation(Norwood、MA)の万能材料試験機を用い、コンクリート表面から噛んだものを取り除くのに必要な力を測定した。サンプルが、コンクリート表面から完全に取り除かれたときの読み取り値を接着の実測定値とした。テストした市販のサンプルについては、テストの間にそれらが分断したため(凝集破壊)、信頼性のある接着の読み取り値を得ることができなかった。それらのサンプルの接着読み取り値は、凝集破壊について得られた読み取り値よりも高いものと推定された。室温でのより高い接着読み取り値は、ガムの付着性がより強いことを示す。
各ガムサンプルの、噛んだガムをレンガから取り除くための最大破断力
このことは、凝集破壊を示し、更に高い接着値を示す。
表4
本発明のガムベース組成物M〜S
表5
本発明のガムベース組成物T
下記の表6は、本発明のガムベース組成物のいずれにも有用な、砂糖入りチューインガム組成物の例を提供する。
砂糖入りの低付着性のチューインガム組成物S
表7は、本発明のガムベース組成物のいずれにも有用な、無糖チューインガム組成物の例を提供する。
無糖の低付着性のチューインガム組成物
ブチルゴム(BR)及びスチレンゴム(SBR)のガムベースサンプルのガラス転移を、変調示差走査熱量測定(DSC)を用いて測定した。更に、下記の表8に示す成分を有するガムベースサンプルAA〜DDのガラス転移(Tg)を、DSCを用いて測定した。具体的には、サンプルはいずれも、窒素パージをしながら、3℃/分間で−100℃から200℃まで加熱した。ガラス転移を測定するために使用した機器はTA Instrument 2920 MDSCである。更に、各サンプルについての融解吸熱を、変調示差熱量測定を用いて測定した。
本発明及び比較のガムベース組成物
2 融点が70℃の水素化綿実油
表11
本発明のガムベース組成物
上記の組成物を用いてガムベースを調製し、表7のチューインガム組成物に混和し、チューインガム製品を製造した。得られたチューインガムを30分間にわたって噛み、その噛んだものをアスファルトの駐車場の上に置いた。その噛んだものを、約10秒間にわたって加重物によりアスファルトに更に押し付けた。同時に、市販のガム(WrigleyからのFreedentとOrbit、及びCadbury AdamsからのMintaburst)を、本発明の処方の隣に同じ方法でアスファルトの上に置き、押し付けた。24時間後、本発明の噛んだものの50%以上が、歩行者と自動車の往来によって取り除かれた。残存する本発明の噛んだものは、スパチュラでそれらをこすることにより、残留物なしに容易に完全に取り除くことができた。市販のガムを噛んだものを取り除く試みは、実質的により多くの努力を必要とし、噛んだものの部分的な除去のみに帰結し、即ち、残留物が、ガム製品の原質量の約10〜30%を構成し、噛んだものの最初の面積を被覆していた。
この実施例は、明確なドメインを含む本発明の実施態様を例証する。下記の表12に示す処方を有するマスターバッチガムベース(即ち、素練りされたエラストマー)のサンプルEE〜KKを、本願に記載の方法にしたがって調製した。ガムベースマスターバッチガムのサンプルGG〜KKは、12を上回る炭素原子数を有する油脂又はオイルである少なくとも1つの非付着誘引成分を含む実施態様の例である。サンプルはいずれも、偏光を用いて顕微鏡撮影に供し、結晶又はドメインの形成は明確に存在した。各サンプルEE〜KKの顕微鏡撮影を、図14〜20に示す。
ガムベース組成物
2 水素化綿実油(融点70℃)
3 パーム核油
少量の従来のエラストマー溶媒を混和する本発明のガムベース組成物下記の本発明のガムベース組成物を調製した。これらの組成物は、非付着誘引成分と従来のエラストマー溶媒(5%)の組み合わせを含む。これらのガムベース組成物を、表7のチューインガム組成物に混和した。それらから得られたチューインガムは、少量のエラストマー溶媒が存在しても、低付着性と非付着性とを維持した。
本発明のガムベース組成物
光増感剤が存在する又はしない中で太陽光に曝した場合にチューインガムに生じる分子的変化を測定するため、検討を行った。ポリマー(エラストマー)の分子構造は、それらの物理的特性に関係する。接着は、ポリマーの分子量に強く影響を受ける。例えば、チューインガム組成物では、ポリイソブチレン(PIB)がよく使用される。全ての他の条件が同じ場合、ポリマーの分子量が、ポリマーの接着力を広範囲にわたって決定する。低分子量のPIBは、その付着性のため、殆どの表面に接着し、材料のハンドリングの問題を引き起こす。他方で、高分子量のPIBは、接着性ではないことが見出されており、非常に弱い低温フローの傾向を示す。ポリマーの接着性を、隣接表面と弱い結合を形成する能力によって規定してもよい。これらの弱い結合を形成するため、ポリマーは、隣接表面と密接に接近する。このことは、大きい分子よりも小さい分子によってより迅速に、且つより容易に達成することができる。同じ化学組成のポリマーは、一般に、比較的小さい分子量を有する場合に、より接着し得ることが見出されている。
本発明のガムベース組成物
本発明のチューインガム組成物
クロロフィルを含まないBRとPIBのサンプルは、クロロフィルを含まないSBRのサンプルよりも容易に取り除かれ、残留物が少なかった。クロロフィルの添加は、PIB含有サンプルの除去を妨げたが、BRとSBRのサンプルの除去を改善した。
PIBチューインガムの分子量
BRチューインガムの分子量
SBRチューインガムの分子量
この実施例は、高いpH(例えば、pH12.0)の条件に曝されるガムベースに、少なくとも1つの加水分解性単位を含有するポリマー(特に、GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体)を混和すると、このようなポリマーを含有しないガムベースと比較して、どの程度ガムベースの破断が促進されるかを例証する。
ガムベース#1
ガムベース#2
ガムベース#3
ガムベース#4
濁度データ
この実施例は、少なくとも1つの加水分解性単位を含む特定のポリマー(特に、GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体及びポリスクシンイミド)の、ガムベースとの適合性を例証する。本明細書で用いる「適合性」という用語は、均一又は実質的に均一な混合物にまで、ガムベースと混合されるポリマーの能力を指す。
この実施例は、少なくとも1つの加水分解性単位を含むポリマー(特に、GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体)の、ポリオールを含有する炭酸塩系ガムベースとの適合性を例証する。更に、この実施例は、加水分解性単位を含むポリマー(特にGANTREZ AN(商標)共重合体)の混和が、塩基性pHを有する薬剤に曝した際のガムベースの破砕速度をどの程度上昇させるかを例証する。
チューインガム処方
本発明のサンプルee〜hhに対するpH条件
この実施例は、本発明にかかるチューインガム組成物を示す。
チューインガム組成物i〜l
本発明のチューインガム組成物ii〜ll
この実施例は、本発明のチューインガム組成物に対する機械的撹拌の効果を例証する。更に、この実施例は、GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体を含有する本発明のチューインガム組成物を、塩基性pHを有する薬剤に曝した際(特に、家庭用清掃液に入れた際)に、経時的にどのように破砕するかを例証する。
この実施例は、破砕に対するガムベースタイプの効果と、GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体の量の効果を例証する。また、この実施例は更に、本発明のガムベースに対する機械的撹拌の効果を例証する。加えて、この実施例は、ガムベースの処理の性質が、どのように破砕に影響するかを例証する。特に、この実施例は、塩基性pHを有する薬剤に曝すことで、本発明のガムベースの破砕速度をどの程度上昇させるかを例証する。
10分より長時間ストマッキングすると、破砕量が低減することが観察された。従って、チューインガムに曝される機械的撹拌の量は、破砕速度に影響を及ぼす。
更に、実施例16及び17に記載の実験からの結果の比較に基づき、チューインガムの処理の性質も破砕速度に影響を及ぼすことは明らかである。特に、10分間ストマッキングして、雨水に11日間曝した本発明のサンプルii〜kkでは、ストマッキングして、家庭用清浄液(50%のMr.Muscle、pH約12)に11日間曝した本発明のサンプルii〜kkと比較して、破砕の程度は低かった。同様に、ストマッキングして、脱イオン水に11日間曝した本発明のサンプルii〜kkでは、10分間ストマッキングして、家庭用清浄液(50%のMr.Muscle、pH約12)に11日間曝した本発明のサンプルii〜kkと比較して、破砕の程度は低いことが観察された。特に、本発明のガムサンプルの破砕の見かけの速度は、家庭用清浄液(50%のMr.Muscle、pH約12)中よりも雨水及び脱イオン水中で低かった。どのような特定理論にも拘束されることは望ましくないが、家庭用清浄液の高いpHと、家庭用表層清浄液に存在する界面活性剤の湿潤作用が、破砕の速度を加速したと推測される。
この実施例は、本発明にかかる疎水性成分(即ち、親水性前駆体成分)をSBSブロック共重合体に成功裡に混和して、表面で親水性が増大した膜を作り出すことができることを例証する。具体的には、GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体169(即ち、ポリメチルビニルエーテル無水マレイン酸共重合体)を、SBSのトルエン溶液に粉末状のGANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体を分散させ、次いで空気乾燥することにより膜を成型することによって、肉眼的に相分離することなく、約10質量%までの濃度でSBSブロック共重合体に成功裡に混和した。膜を水に一晩浸漬させた後、最初は透明な膜が白色且つ不透明になり、酸無水物が遊離酸に加水分解して、疎水性ポリマーから相分離したことが示唆された。更に、ポリマー膜の表面は浸漬後に極めて滑りやすくなり、膜の表面の親水性が強化したことが示唆された。
この実施例は、本発明のガムベース組成物を示す。
本発明のガムベース組成物
本発明のチューインガム組成物
本発明のガムベース組成物
本発明のチューインガム組成物qqq〜ttt
本発明のガムベース組成物uuu
この実施例は、GANTREZ AN(商標)共重合体を含有するガムサンプルが降雨に曝されると破砕することを例証する。
この実施例は、チューインガムを噛んだものを環境因子(即ち、気象条件)に曝露する効果を例証する。具体的には、咀嚼塊のうち4つはGANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体を含有させ、咀嚼塊のうち4つはGANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体を含有させなかったことを除いては同じようにして、8つのチューインガムを噛んだものを調製した。それらのチューインガムを噛んだものが気象条件に56日間曝されるように、それらをスラブ上に載置して屋外に置いた。
この実施例は、GANTREZ(登録商標)共重合体を含有する炭酸塩系ガムベースが、循環気象条件(即ち、降雨と太陽光との循環条件)に曝されると、経時的にどの程度破砕するかについて例証する。具体的には、10%のGANTREZ AN(商標)共重合体を含有する炭酸塩系ガムベースを、GANTREZ AN(商標)共重合体を含有させなかった以外は同様に作製した炭酸塩系ガムベースと共に敷石材片の上に置いた。次いで、この敷石材片を、5週間、一般的な気象条件に曝した(降雨の後、晴天の条件に曝すことを含む)。
Claims (20)
- (a)加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩と、(b)エラストマーと、を含み、前記加水分解性単位を含むポリマーは、メチルビニルエーテルと無水マレイン酸との共重合体である、ガムベース。
- 前記加水分解性単位は、エステル結合又はエーテル結合からなる群より選択される請求項1記載のガムベース。
- 前記加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩は、アルカリ金属塩又はアルカリ土類金属塩からなる群より選択される請求項1記載のガムベース。
- 前記加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩の含有量は、全体のガムベースの0.1質量%〜10質量%である請求項1記載のガムベース。
- 前記ガムベースは、加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩が存在しないものと比較して、加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩の存在下で高分解性及び/又は低付着性を有する請求項1記載のガムベース。
- 前記加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩の含有量は、組成物全体の1質量%〜10質量である請求項1記載のガムベース。
- 加水分解を促進する少なくとも1つの成分を更に含む請求項1記載のガムベース。
- 前記加水分解を促進する少なくとも1つの成分は、アルカリ成分である請求項7記載のガムベース。
- 前記ガムベースは、加水分解を促進する少なくとも1つの成分がある場合に、加水分解を促進する少なくとも1つの成分がない場合よりも迅速に分解する請求項7記載のガムベース。
- 8〜14のpHを有するアルカリ成分、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、及びリン酸二カルシウムからなる群より選択される加水分解を促進する成分を更に含む請求項1記載のガムベース。
- 融点が10℃〜75℃の油脂若しくはオイル又はこれらの組み合わせを更に含む請求項1記載のガムベース。
- (a)(1)加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩の少なくとも1つ、(2)エラストマー、及び(3)前記エラストマーのための溶媒又は軟化剤を含み、前記加水分解性単位を含むポリマーは、メチルビニルエーテルと無水マレイン酸との共重合体である、ガムベースを準備する工程と、
(b)前記ガムベースに、甘味料、香味料、知覚物質、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの成分を混合する工程と、を含むチューインガム組成物の調製方法。 - 前記ガムベースが、8〜14のpHを有するアルカリ成分、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、及びリン酸二カルシウムからなる群より選択される加水分解を促進する成分を更に含む、請求項12記載のチューインガム組成物の調製方法。
- 前記ガムベースが、融点が10℃〜75℃の油脂若しくはオイル又はこれらの組み合わせを更に含む、請求項12記載のチューインガム組成物の調製方法。
- (a)(1)加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩、(2)エラストマー、及び(3)前記エラストマーのための溶媒又は軟化剤を含み、前記加水分解性単位を含むポリマーは、メチルビニルエーテルと無水マレイン酸との共重合体である、ガムベースと、
(b)甘味料、香味料、知覚物質、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの成分と、(c)光分解成分と、を含有するチューインガム組成物。 - 前記ガムベースが、8〜14のpHを有するアルカリ成分、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、及びリン酸二カルシウムからなる群より選択される加水分解を促進する成分を更に含む、請求項15記載のチューインガム組成物。
- 前記ガムベースが、融点が10℃〜75℃の油脂若しくはオイル又はこれらの組み合わせを更に含む、請求項15記載のチューインガム組成物。
- (a)(1)加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩、(2)エラストマー、及び(3)前記エラストマーのための溶媒又は軟化剤を含み、前記加水分解性単位を含むポリマーは、メチルビニルエーテルと無水マレイン酸との共重合体である、ガムベースと、
(b)甘味料、香味料、知覚物質、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの成分と、を含有し、加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩が存在しないものと比較して、加水分解性単位を含むポリマーの塩の存在下での分解性がより高いチューインガム製品。 - 前記ガムベースが、8〜14のpHを有するアルカリ成分、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、及びリン酸二カルシウムからなる群より選択される加水分解を促進する成分を更に含む、請求項18記載のチューインガム製品。
- 前記ガムベースが、融点が10℃〜75℃の油脂若しくはオイル又はこれらの組み合わせを更に含む、請求項18記載のチューインガム製品。
Applications Claiming Priority (14)
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|---|---|---|---|
| US11/283,331 | 2005-11-18 | ||
| US11/283,217 US20070042078A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2005-11-18 | Biodegradable chewing gum |
| US11/283,331 US20070042079A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2005-11-18 | Environmentally-friendly chewing gum having reduced stickiness |
| US11/283,217 | 2005-11-18 | ||
| US81618006P | 2006-06-23 | 2006-06-23 | |
| US60/816,180 | 2006-06-23 | ||
| PCT/US2006/032849 WO2007024903A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Environmentally-friendly chewing having reduced stickiness |
| US11/508,020 US8287928B2 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Degradable chewing gum |
| PCT/US2006/032851 WO2007024905A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Biodegradable chewing gum |
| USPCT/US2006/032849 | 2006-08-22 | ||
| USPCT/US2006/032851 | 2006-08-22 | ||
| US11/508,020 | 2006-08-22 | ||
| US11/546,476 US8263143B2 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-10-11 | Degradable chewing gum |
| US11/546,476 | 2006-10-11 |
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| US9101160B2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2015-08-11 | The Coca-Cola Company | Condiments with high-potency sweetener |
| US8017168B2 (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2011-09-13 | The Coca-Cola Company | High-potency sweetener composition with rubisco protein, rubiscolin, rubiscolin derivatives, ace inhibitory peptides, and combinations thereof, and compositions sweetened therewith |
| GB0915264D0 (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2009-10-07 | Cadbury Adams Usa Llc | Gum base |
| WO2011106619A2 (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-09-01 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Gum bases having reduced adhesion to environmental surfaces |
| GB201100790D0 (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-03-02 | Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc | Hydrophilic gum base |
| EP2750515A1 (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2014-07-09 | Intercontinental Great Brands LLC | Degradable chewing gum and method of making the same |
| JP5782194B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-22 | 2015-09-24 | インターコンチネンタル グレート ブランズ エルエルシー | 光分解性ガムベース、光分解性ガムベースを含むチューインガムおよびその製造方法 |
| CN106456560B (zh) * | 2014-04-08 | 2021-04-06 | 费尔廷制药公司 | 医用口香糖 |
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| JP2009504195A (ja) * | 2005-08-22 | 2009-02-05 | キャドバリー アダムス ユーエスエー エルエルシー | 生分解性チューインガム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2006318688A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
| JP4672775B2 (ja) | 2011-04-20 |
| WO2007061888A8 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
| CN101312654B (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
| JP5330360B2 (ja) | 2013-10-30 |
| RU2398441C2 (ru) | 2010-09-10 |
| PL1947958T3 (pl) | 2014-01-31 |
| WO2007061888A3 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
| WO2007061888A2 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
| AU2011201176B2 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
| CA2630280A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
| RU2008119134A (ru) | 2009-12-27 |
| AU2011201176A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
| MX2008006410A (es) | 2008-10-08 |
| CA2630280C (en) | 2012-05-08 |
| BRPI0618667A2 (pt) | 2011-09-06 |
| EP1947958A2 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
| EP1947958B1 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| AU2006318688B2 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
| ES2432217T3 (es) | 2013-12-02 |
| CN101312654A (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
| JP2009529317A (ja) | 2009-08-20 |
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