JP2011001942A - Swash plate compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a swash plate compressor which can be operated even during idling stop and provides high ease of mounting.SOLUTION: In an electromagnetic clutch 50, a magnetic member 60 is arranged between an electromagnetic coil 52 and an attracting disc 512. An annular guide 63 is provided inside a front housing 12. One end of a first rod 64 is coupled to a swash plate 27, while the other end is engaged with the guide 63 so as to be in circumferentially slidable contact therewith. One end of a second rod 67 is coupled to the magnetic member 60, while the other end is in contact with the guide 63. When the electromagnetic coil 52 is energized and the magnetic member 60 is attracted to the electromagnetic coil 52, a piston 30 starts to reciprocate. When the energizing stops, the piston 30 reciprocates by spring force of a spring 61. Due to the repeated motion thus performed, a compressor 10 is operated even during the idling stop.

Description

  The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor used in a vehicle air conditioner.

  A vehicle air conditioner mounted on an engine-driven vehicle uses a compressor driven by the engine via a belt or the like. On the other hand, stopping the engine idling when the vehicle is temporarily stopped (so-called idling stop) has become necessary from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment, and vehicles equipped with an idling stop function have been put into practical use. In such a vehicle, when the above-described engine-driven compressor is employed, there is a problem that the compressor cannot obtain power from the engine due to idling stop and stops to the air conditioning function.

  In order to solve this problem, for example, JP 2002-205536 A discloses a compressor provided with an electric motor in addition to an electromagnetic clutch. When the engine is operating, the compressor is driven by the engine power transmitted through the electromagnetic clutch, and when the engine is stopped when idling is stopped, the compressor is driven by the electric motor. . Therefore, the air conditioning function can be maintained even when idling is stopped.

JP 2002-205536 A

  However, in such a compressor, since the electric motor is operatively connected to the drive shaft of the compressor in addition to the electromagnetic clutch, there is a problem that the physique becomes large and the mountability on the vehicle is poor. Some compressors are connected to the engine via a one-way clutch instead of an electromagnetic clutch, and are compatible with idling stops. However, such compressors have a smaller space because they do not have an electromagnetic clutch. However, it is still disadvantageous because it requires an electric motor with sufficient output to drive the compressor while the engine is stopped.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a swash plate compressor with higher mountability that can be operated even when idling is stopped.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a swash plate compressor according to the present invention is housed in a cylinder bore, a crank chamber, a suction chamber, and a discharge chamber defined therein, and is accommodated in the cylinder bore in a reciprocable manner. A piston that is rotatably supported in the crank chamber and receives power from an external drive source, and is operatively connected to the drive shaft so as to be tiltable and synchronously rotatable, and the piston is driven to reciprocate. A swash plate compressor including a magnetic member capable of reciprocating in the axial direction of the drive shaft, and a magnetic member disposed opposite to the magnetic member and based on a magnetic field generated by energization And a connecting means for connecting the magnetic member and the swash plate and reciprocatingly tilting the swash plate by reciprocating movement of the magnetic member. And features.

  According to such a configuration, the magnetic member is moved in the axial direction of the drive shaft based on the magnetic field generated by energizing the electromagnetic coil, and the movement of the magnetic member is transmitted to the swash plate by the connecting means. By tilting the swash plate, the piston can be moved within the cylinder bore. That is, the piston can be reciprocated without rotationally driving the drive shaft, and the function of the compressor can be exhibited even when idling is stopped without using a large device called an electric motor.

  Further, the present invention according to claim 2 is the swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is rotatably supported by the housing and is driven to rotate by the external drive source, and is disposed opposite to the rotor. And an armature coupled to the drive shaft so as to be integrally rotatable, and an electromagnetic clutch for operatively coupling the external drive source and the drive shaft is configured by the rotor, the armature, and the electromagnetic coil.

  According to such a configuration, the electromagnetic coil used for power transmission from the engine and the electromagnetic coil for moving the piston at the time of idling stop can be shared, and a compressor having a small physique can be provided.

  Further, the present invention according to claim 3 is the swash plate type compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting means includes an annular guide concentric with the drive shaft, and one end connected to the swash plate. The other end is slidably contacted with the guide in the circumferential direction, and the second rod has one end connected to the magnetic member and the other end in contact with the guide.

  In the swash plate compressor of the present invention, even when the engine is stopped when idling is stopped, the piston can be reciprocated by tilting without rotating the swash plate, and the air conditioning function can be maintained. it can. Since an electric motor for rotating the swash plate is not required and an electromagnetic coil for simply reciprocating the swash plate is required, a compressor having a small physique can be provided.

It is sectional drawing of the swash plate type compressor of embodiment. It is a bottom view of the swash plate attached to the drive shaft.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the compressor 10 at the maximum capacity. As shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 10 is joined via a valve / port forming body 13 to a cylinder block 11, a front housing 12 joined to the front end of the cylinder block 11, and a rear end of the cylinder block 11. Three housing components of the rear housing 14 are provided. The cylinder block 11, the front housing 12, the valve / port forming body 13, and the rear housing 14 are integrally fastened and fixed by fastening bolts (not shown).

  A crank chamber 20 is defined between the cylinder block 11 and the front housing 12, and a drive shaft 21 is rotatably supported via radial bearings 22 and 23 so as to pass through the crank chamber 20. The rear end of the drive shaft 21 is supported by a coil spring 24 via a thrust bearing. The drive shaft 21 obtains a rotational drive force via the electromagnetic clutch 50 from the vehicle engine E that is an external drive source.

  In the crank chamber 20, a disk-shaped lug plate 25 is fixed to the drive shaft 21 so as to be integrally rotatable. A thrust bearing 26 is disposed between the lug plate 25 and the front housing 12. Further, a swash plate 27 having a disk shape is accommodated in the crank chamber 20. A hinge mechanism 28 is interposed between the lug plate 25 and the swash plate 27. The swash plate 27 can be rotated synchronously with the lug plate 25 and the drive shaft 21 by supporting the drive mechanism 21 and the hinge mechanism 28 with the lug plate 25 via the hinge mechanism 28. 21 can be tilted with respect to the drive shaft 21 while being slid in the central axis T direction.

  In the cylinder block 11, a plurality of cylinder bores 29 (only two are shown in the figure) are formed through the front and rear direction at equal angular intervals around the central axis T. The single-headed piston 30 is accommodated in each cylinder bore 29 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The front / rear opening of the cylinder bore 29 is closed by a valve / port forming body 13 and a piston 30, and a compression chamber 31 whose volume changes in accordance with the movement of the piston 30 in the front / rear direction is defined in the cylinder bore 29. ing.

  In the valve / port forming body 13, a suction port 32 is formed radially inward and a discharge port 33 is formed radially outward at a position facing each cylinder bore 29. The valve / port forming body 13 is formed with a suction valve 34 for opening and closing the suction port 32 and a discharge valve 35 for opening and closing the discharge port 33.

  The stroke of the piston 30 is the pressure applied to the front surface of the piston 30 (the surface facing the compression chamber 31 in FIG. 1), that is, the pressure of the compression chamber 31 (pressure in the cylinder bore 29) and the back surface of the piston 30 (the crank chamber in FIG. 1). 20), that is, a pressure difference between the pressure in the crank chamber 20 and the pressure in the crank chamber 20. For this reason, the piston stroke becomes smaller as the inclination angle of the swash plate 27 becomes smaller by increasing the pressure in the crank chamber 20 and increasing the differential pressure between the compression chamber 31 and the crank chamber 20. On the other hand, the piston stroke increases as the inclination angle of the swash plate 27 increases by decreasing the pressure in the crank chamber 20 and decreasing the differential pressure between the compression chamber 31 and the crank chamber 20. The swash plate 27 is provided with a counterweight 36, and the maximum inclination angle of the swash plate 27 is regulated by the contact between the lug plate 25 and the counterweight 36. The swash plate 27 shown by the solid line in FIG. 1 is in the maximum tilt state, and the swash plate 27 shown by the chain line is in the minimum tilt state.

  Each piston 30 is anchored to the outer periphery of the swash plate 27 via a pair of shoes 37. Therefore, when the swash plate 27 is rotated by the rotation of the drive shaft 21, the swash plate 27 is swung back and forth in the direction of the central axis T of the drive shaft 21. Further, the piston 30 is reciprocated linearly in the front-rear direction by the swing of the swash plate 27. In the compressor 10 of the present embodiment, a compression mechanism is configured by the crank chamber 20, the drive shaft 21, the swash plate 27, the piston 30, and the like.

  A suction chamber 38 and a discharge chamber 39 are defined in the rear housing 14, respectively. The discharge chamber 39 is formed outside the suction chamber 38 so as to surround the suction chamber 38. Further, the compressor 10 is provided with an extraction passage 40, an intake passage 41, and a control valve 42. The extraction passage 40 communicates the crank chamber 20 and the suction chamber 38, while the intake passage 41 is The discharge chamber 39 and the crank chamber 20 are communicated with each other. A known control valve 42 made of an electromagnetic valve is disposed in the supply passage 41.

Next, the operation of the compressor 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
When the drive shaft 21 is rotated by the engine E, the swash plate 27 is swung back and forth in the direction of the central axis T of the drive shaft 21, and the piston 30 anchored on the swash plate 27 is reciprocated in the cylinder bore 29. Thereby, the refrigerant gas sucked from the suction chamber 38 is compressed in the compression chamber 31 and discharged to the discharge chamber 39. The refrigerant discharged into the discharge chamber 39 returns to the suction chamber 38 via an external refrigerant circuit (not shown).

  The inclination angle of the swash plate 27 is determined by the pressure difference before and after the piston 30, that is, the difference between the pressure in the crank chamber 20 and the pressure in the cylinder bore 29. In the present embodiment, this differential pressure is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the pressure in the crank chamber 20. When decreasing the discharge capacity, the pressure of the crank chamber 20 is increased by increasing the opening of the control valve 42 to supply the high-pressure refrigerant gas in the discharge chamber 39 to the crank chamber 20 via the supply passage 41. To increase. Then, the inclination angle of the swash plate 27 becomes small, the stroke amount of the piston 30 decreases, and the discharge capacity decreases. Conversely, when increasing the discharge capacity, the refrigerant gas in the discharge chamber 39 is prevented from being supplied to the crank chamber 20 by lowering the opening of the control valve. Then, the pressure in the crank chamber 20 is released to the suction chamber 38 through the bleed passage 40 and is lowered, so that the inclination angle of the swash plate 27 is increased, the stroke amount of the piston 30 is increased, and the discharge capacity is increased. .

Next, the configuration of the electromagnetic clutch 50 according to this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a support cylinder 121 is integrally formed at the front end of the front housing 12, and a magnetic rotor 51 is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the support cylinder 121 via a radial bearing 43. Has been. The rotor 51 as the driving side rotating body includes an annular base 511 connected to the radial bearing 43, an adsorption disk 512 perpendicular to the drive shaft 21, a cylindrical belt winding portion 513, and a cylindrical power. And a transmission unit 514. The rotor 51 obtains a rotational driving force from the vehicle engine E via a belt (not shown) wound around the belt winding portion 513, and when the engine E is operating, the rotor 51 has a support cylinder portion. Rotate around 121.

  A space is formed between the front end of the front housing 12 and the belt winding portion 513, and the electromagnetic coil 52 is accommodated in this space.

A hub 53 is fixed to the distal end portion of the drive shaft 21. The hub 53 includes an inner ring 531 fixed to the tip end of the drive shaft 21, an annular rubber elastic ring 532 connected to the outer periphery of the inner ring 531, and an outer ring 533 connected to the outer periphery of the elastic ring 532. And.
The outer ring 533 is at a position facing the suction disk 512 of the rotor 51. A coil spring 54 is disposed between the outer ring 533 and the transmission portion 514 of the rotor 51 so as to surround the outer ring 533. One end of the coil spring 54 is hooked on the outer ring 533.

  Between the suction disk 512 and the outer ring 533 of the rotor 51, a ring-shaped armature 55 is disposed to face the suction disk 512. The armature 55 is located away from the outer ring 533. When the electromagnetic coil 52 is energized, the armature 55 is attracted to the attracting disk 512 and the armature 55 rotates together with the rotor 51.

  The other end of the coil spring 54 is hooked on the outer peripheral side of the armature 55. The winding direction of the coil spring 54 is a direction in which the coil spring 54 is wound counterclockwise as viewed from the front end of the drive shaft 21 toward the central axis T as it goes from the outer ring 533 side to the armature 55 side.

Next, the operation of the electromagnetic clutch 50 will be described.
When the electromagnetic coil 52 is not energized, the armature 55 is separated from the suction disk 512, that is, the armature 55 is not rotating. In this state, the coil spring 54 is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface 515 of the cylindrical transmission portion 514 as shown in FIG. 1, and the power is not transmitted to the compressor even when the vehicle engine is in operation. . When the electromagnetic coil 52 is energized and the armature 55 is attracted to the suction disk 512, the armature 55 rotates together with the rotor 51, and is latched to the armature 55 by the relative rotation between the armature 55 and the hub 53. The end of the coil spring 54 is urged clockwise, that is, in the direction opposite to the winding direction of the coil spring 54. As a result, the coil diameter of the coil spring 54 is increased, and the outer periphery of the coil spring 54 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 515 of the transmission portion 514. Accordingly, the rotor 51, the coil spring 54, and the outer ring 533 are firmly coupled, and the rotational driving force of the rotor 51 is transmitted to the hub 53 via the coil spring 54. The rotational driving force transmitted to the hub 53 is transmitted to the drive shaft 21.

Next, the configuration of the connecting means according to this embodiment will be described.
A space is formed between the electromagnetic coil 52 and the suction disk 512, and a ring-shaped magnetic member 60 is disposed opposite to the electromagnetic coil 52 in this space. A coil spring 61 is interposed between the magnetic body member 60 and the electromagnetic coil 52, and biases the magnetic body member 60 from the electromagnetic coil 52 side to the suction disk 512 side.

  An annular groove 62 extending from the crank chamber 121 is provided in the front housing 12. An annular guide 63 is accommodated in the groove 62 so as to be concentric with the drive shaft 21.

  FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the swash plate 27 attached to the drive shaft 21. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one end of the first rod 64 is connected to the counterweight 36 of the swash plate 27 via a link 65. The counterweight 36 and the link 65 are connected by a pin 66. The other end of the first rod 64 is engaged with the guide 63 so as to be slidable in the circumferential direction. While the drive shaft 21 is rotating, the first rod 64 rotates around the central axis T together with the swash plate 27 while being in sliding contact with the guide 63 in the circumferential direction.

  One end of a plurality of second rods 67 (only two are shown in the figure) are connected to the magnetic member 60. The other end of the second rod 67 is in contact with the guide 63. The guide 63, the first rod 64, and the second rod 67 constitute connection means for transmitting the movement of the magnetic member 60 to the swash plate 27 and tilting the swash plate 27.

Next, the operation of the connecting means will be described.
When the vehicle engine is idling stopped, when the electromagnetic coil 52 is energized and the magnetic member 60 is attracted to the electromagnetic coil 52 against the spring force of the spring 61, the guide 63 and the first rod 64 are moved to the second position. The rod 67 is pushed to move toward the crank chamber 121. As a result, the inclination angle of the swash plate 27 is reduced as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. When the energization of the electromagnetic coil 52 is interrupted, the magnetic member 60 is separated from the electromagnetic coil 52 by the spring force of the spring 61, and the piston 30 is finally moved backward. By repeating this operation, the compressor 10 can be operated by reciprocating the piston 30 without rotating the swash plate 27 even during idling stop. The current necessary for the electromagnetic coil 52 to attract the magnetic member 60 is set to be much larger than the current necessary to attract the armature 55. When operating the connecting means, the electromagnetic clutch 51 is also connected. However, since the vehicle engine is in an idling stop state, the drive shaft 21 and the swash plate 27 do not rotate. On the other hand, even if the electromagnetic clutch 51 is connected while the vehicle engine is operating, the swash plate 27 does not tilt because the connecting means does not operate. In addition, the cooling capacity can be adjusted by pulse-controlling the current applied to the electromagnetic coil 52.

  Therefore, the swash plate compressor according to the embodiment can be operated even when idling is stopped, and can be more easily mounted.

  While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be appropriately modified and applied without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, the position of the magnetic member 60 may be provided on the rear side of the electromagnetic coil 52 so that the magnetic member 60 is separated from the electromagnetic coil 52 when the electromagnetic coil 52 is energized.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Cylinder block 12 ... Front housing 14 ... Rear housing 27 ... Swash plate 30 ... Piston 50 ... Electromagnetic clutch 51 ... Rotor 52 ... Electromagnetic coil 53 ... Hub 55 ... Armature 60 ... Magnetic body member 63 ... Guide 64 ... First rod 67 ... Second rod

Claims (3)

A housing that defines a cylinder bore, a crank chamber, a suction chamber, and a discharge chamber inside, a piston that is reciprocally accommodated in the cylinder bore, and is rotatably supported in the crank chamber and transmits power from an external drive source. A swash plate compressor comprising: a drive shaft; and a swash plate that is operatively connected to the drive shaft so as to be tiltable and synchronously rotatable, and that reciprocates the piston.
A magnetic member capable of reciprocating in the axial direction of the drive shaft; an electromagnetic coil disposed opposite to the magnetic member and moving the magnetic member based on a magnetic field generated by energization; the magnetic member; A swash plate compressor, comprising: a connecting means for connecting a swash plate and reciprocatingly tilting the swash plate by reciprocating movement of the magnetic member.   A rotor rotatably supported by the housing and driven to rotate by the external drive source; and an armature arranged to face the rotor and coupled to the drive shaft so as to be integrally rotatable, the rotor and the armature 2. The swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein an electromagnetic clutch operatively connecting the external drive source and the drive shaft is configured by the electromagnetic coil. The connecting means includes an annular guide concentric with the drive shaft, a first rod having one end connected to the swash plate and the other end slidably contacted with the guide in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic 3. The swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein one end is connected to the body member and the second rod is in contact with the guide at the other end.