JP2011089030A - Detergent for degreasing and cleaning, and cleaning method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a detergent for degreasing and cleaning, which does not require a rinse with water, has high detergency, exhibits rustproof properties without separately blending an anticorrosive chemical and even without performing rustproofing treatment after cleaning work, hardly leaves detergent residues, allows an object cleaned therewith to have excellent external appearance and has good safety/environmental suitability while having excellent safety. <P>SOLUTION: The detergent for degreasing and cleaning containing 1-30 parts weight of sodium salt and/or potassium salt of rosins based on 100 parts weight of the detergent for degreasing and cleaning, is used. Disproportionated rosin is used as the rosins. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a degreasing cleaner, particularly a degreasing cleaner for cleaning oils and fats adhering to metal parts, and a cleaning method using the degreasing cleaner.

In the manufacture of precision machine parts and the like, degreasing and cleaning of adhering oils and fats are necessary throughout the processing process. For example, when cutting a metal member, the cutting oil is applied to the surface of the member in consideration of the lubricity between the member and the cutting tool, the workability, and the effect of slow heat. In order to prevent adverse effects, in the next process, oils and fats adhering to the metal parts are removed by washing.

Conventionally, chlorine-containing hydrocarbon solvents and non-halogen solvents have been used as industrial degreasing agents. However, although chlorine-containing hydrocarbon solvents such as trichloroethane and trichlorotrifluoroethane have the advantage of being non-flammable and excellent in drying properties, their use is restricted due to environmental pollution problems such as ozone layer destruction. Yes. As non-halogen solvents, alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol, petroleum solvents such as xylene, toluene and benzene, and aqueous alkaline cleaners are used.

However, alcohols and petroleum solvents both have flammability problems, and water-based alkaline cleaning agents may have insufficient cleaning power against dirt such as fats and oils. Further, when the alkalinity of the aqueous alkaline cleaning agent is increased, the cleaning effect is improved, but there are drawbacks such as corrosion of metals such as aluminum and copper, and roughening of the surface of the member. Moreover, in the metal washing | cleaning which needs the rinse by water, what contained a rust prevention component must be used as a rinsing liquid after a degreasing washing | cleaning, or it was necessary to perform the rust prevention process after a rinse.

Therefore, the present applicant has developed a semi-aqueous non-halogen-based cleaning composition mainly composed of a glycol ether solvent and has already proposed such an invention (see Patent Document 1). These are excellent in terms of detergency, toxicity, odor, flammability, influence on an object to be cleaned, etc., and satisfy considerably required performance. However, when metal parts are to be cleaned, precision cleaning of particles, abrasive grains, ionic components, etc. is required in addition to conventional degreasing of processing oil, and higher cleaning performance is required. It has become like this. Furthermore, the rust prevention treatment process after washing was still necessary.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-40000

The present invention does not require rinsing with water, has high detergency, and exhibits rust prevention even without rust prevention treatment after washing without separately adding a chemical for rust prevention and corrosion prevention, It is an object of the present invention to provide a cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning, which gives a good appearance to an object to be cleaned and is excellent in safety and environmental compatibility while giving a good appearance to an object to be cleaned.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved brilliantly by using a detergent containing a predetermined amount of a specific rosin alkali metal salt.

When metal parts etc. are cleaned using the cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning of the present invention, oil and the like adhering to the surface can be effectively cleaned without rinsing with water, and high rust resistance / Demonstrate corrosion resistance. In addition, no cleaning agent residue remains on the object to be cleaned after cleaning, giving a good appearance. Furthermore, the cleaning agent has high stability. Furthermore, since the cleaning agent of the present invention is mainly composed of plant-derived rosins and can be diluted with water, the required properties such as environmental characteristics, non-flammability, wastewater treatment properties, work environment, It can satisfy demands such as odor.

That is, the present invention 1 is a degreasing cleaning agent containing 1 to 30 parts by weight of a rosin sodium salt and / or potassium salt with respect to 100 parts by weight of the degreasing cleaning agent.

The sodium salt and / or potassium salt of rosins contained in the cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as alkali metal salt of rosins) uses either sodium salt or potassium salt alone. Or two types can be used together.

The alkali metal salt of the rosin is not particularly limited and can be obtained by a known method, and examples thereof include the following methods. By maintaining a strong alkaline aqueous solution such as caustic soda or caustic potash at room temperature to about 100 ° C., bringing the rosins into contact with each other and causing a saponification reaction, an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of rosins can be obtained. It should be noted that the concentration of non-volatile components of the rosin alkali metal salt aqueous solution can be arbitrarily adjusted by the concentration of the strong alkaline aqueous solution and the dilution of the obtained aqueous solution.

The time for the saponification reaction varies depending on the reaction temperature, but is usually about 5 minutes to 24 hours. Within this range, the reaction can proceed sufficiently.

The rosins are not particularly limited and known ones can be used. Specifically, hydrogenated rosins obtained by using raw rosins in addition to raw rosins such as wood rosins, tall oil rosins and gum rosins. , Disproportionated rosin, polymerized rosin, hydrogenated rosin, dehydrogenated rosin and the like. Among these, it is preferable to use a disproportionated rosin containing abundant dehydroabietic acid and dihydroabietic acid in terms of detergency and stability.

The raw material rosin is mainly composed of various resin acids such as abietic acid, levopimaric acid, neoabietic acid, parastrinic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, sandaracopimalic acid and dehydroabietic acid.

The above-mentioned dehydroabietic acid is a method described in Journal of Organic Chemistry 1966, Vol. 31, pages 4246-4247. It can prepare by the method as described in gazette.

The alkali metal salt of rosins in the cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning of the present invention is about 1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably about 5 to 25 parts by weight, from the viewpoint of cleaning power and cleaning agent stability. By setting the content of alkali metal salt of rosins within this range, it has excellent cleaning properties, not using a rust preventive agent, and not only having high rust resistance but also without rust prevention treatment, It has excellent stability as a cleaning agent and does not leave a cleaning agent residue on the object to be cleaned, so that the appearance can be improved.

The cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning according to the present invention can be used as it is, but it can also be used as an aqueous solution after being diluted with water according to the type of cleaning item (type of contamination) or the cleaning method. In this case, effects such as reduction in the risk of ignition of the cleaning agent and reduction in the wastewater treatment load can be obtained. When used as an aqueous solution, 0.1 to 40 parts by weight of the cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning at the time of use with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aqueous solution (the solid content of the alkali metal salt is 0.001 to 12 parts by weight), preferably It is preferable to dilute with water so as to contain 1 to 20 parts by weight (the solid content of the alkali metal salt is 0.01 to 6 important parts). When the amount is 0.1 parts by weight or more, it is possible to prevent the cleaning property and rust prevention from being deteriorated. When the amount is 40 parts by weight or less, it is possible to prevent a large amount of cleaning agent residue from remaining on the surface of the object to be cleaned. It is possible to make it preferable. The cleaning residue remaining in a large amount can be removed by further rinsing treatment, but the advantage of simplification of rinsing treatment and rust prevention treatment, which is a feature of the present invention, is diminished. Thus, the cleaning method using the aqueous solution of the degreasing detergent of the present invention diluted with water is also one aspect of the present invention.

Further, the degreasing cleaning agent of the present invention includes a surfactant, an organic solvent, an alkali builder in order to improve the stability of the cleaning agent in the cleaning process and the rinsing process without departing from the object of the present invention. Can also be contained. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

As the surfactant, the general formula _^(1): in _{R 1 O- (CH 2 -CH 2} -O) a -H ( wherein, ^{R 1} is an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, a is 0 A polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactant compound represented by (2) and a corresponding polyoxypropylene-based nonionic surfactant; sulfates of higher alcohols, alkyl sulfates , Various known sulfate anionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfate salts; various known sulfonate anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfonates and alkylbenzene sulfonates; alkyl phosphate esters Phosphate esters such as salt, polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate ester salt, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl phosphate salt Anionic surfactants, alkyl ammonium salts, cationic surfactants such as quaternary ammonium salts; amino acid type amphoteric surfactants such as betaine type amphoteric surfactants.

The organic solvent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone.

The degreasing cleaning agent of the present invention can further contain additives such as an antifoaming agent and a rust inhibitor, and the amount of the additive used is preferably about 5% or less with respect to the cleaning agent. .
The antifoaming agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include dimethylpolysiloxane that is a silicon-based antifoaming agent and derivatives thereof.
The rust inhibitor is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include benzotriazole, fatty acid diacid amine salt, borate amine salt and the like. The cleaning agent of the present invention does not contain a rust preventive agent and does not require a rust preventive treatment, and has rust preventive property after cleaning. The effect may be improved.

The temperature at which the cleaning agent for degreasing according to the present invention is brought into contact with an object to be cleaned (article) and the attached oils and fats are degreased and cleaned is not particularly limited, but most of the cleaning agent contains moisture. Therefore, it is usually used within the range of room temperature to 95 ° C. for the purpose of avoiding boiling of water and the like. The cleaning time is usually completed in about 10 seconds to 30 minutes.

Further, means for bringing the cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning of the present invention into contact with an article to be cleaned to which oils and fats are attached is not particularly limited, and various known means can be employed. For example, a method of directly immersing an object to be cleaned in a cleaning agent, a method of showering the cleaning agent using a spray device, a method of brushing by mechanical means, an ultrasonic cleaning method, a submerged jet cleaning method, a shaking method. Various methods such as a moving method and a direct cleaning method (for example, a method using a direct cleaning device “Direct Pass” manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.) can be appropriately selected and employed. In particular, in the direct cleaning method, cleaning can be performed in a short time even when the content of the active ingredient in the cleaning agent is extremely low.

Thus, the articles | goods from which fats and oils were degreased-cleaned do not need to rinse, but show the outstanding rust prevention property with respect to metal parts. Further, a rinsing process can be performed if necessary. After rinsing, dry. Examples of the rinsing agent include water or petroleum solvents, glycol ethers, alcohols and the like. In addition, examples of articles to be cleaned include metal parts, non-metal parts, electronic parts, glass, lenses, and the like. Since they exhibit excellent rust prevention properties, the cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning of the present invention is particularly metallic. It can be suitably used for parts.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, “%” and “part” mean “% by weight” and “part by weight” unless otherwise specified.

(Preparation of detergent)
Each component shown in Table 1 was mixed (parts by weight) to prepare cleaning agents for Examples and Comparative Examples. The alkali metal salt of rosins shown in Table 1 was obtained as an aqueous solution by maintaining a caustic soda aqueous solution at 80 ° C., bringing the rosins into contact with each other, and saponifying reaction. In Table 1, the disproportionated rosin alkali metal salt indicates a non-volatile content.

In Table 1, each symbol is as follows.
A: Polyethylene glycol alkyl ether (made by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd., trade name “Softanol 70”)
B: Polyethylene glycol alkyl ether (made by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd., trade name “Softanol 150”)
C: Polyethylene sorbitan monococoate (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., trade name "Sorgen TW-20")
BDG: Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether DMI: 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone

[Test 1: Evaluation of detergency]
100 mg of oily mineral oil was applied on a metal test piece (manufactured by Nippon Test Panel Co., Ltd., cold rolled steel sheet JIS G 3141, 0.8 × 70 × 75 mm), and this was used as a sample for evaluation. What diluted the cleaning agent of said Example and Comparative Example so that it might become 5 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of tap water was used as a washing | cleaning liquid sample, and the sample for evaluation was thrown into a washing | cleaning liquid sample, and the following washing conditions were carried out. The detergency was evaluated by measuring the removal rate of the mineral oil and measuring the weight.

[Cleaning conditions]
Washing step: method; immersion stirring method, cleaning solution; one obtained by diluting the cleaning agent of Example or Comparative Example to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of tap water, liquid temperature: 60 ° C., time: 3 min
Rinse process: None Drying: Method; Circulating drying method, Temperature: 80 ° C, Time: 10min,

[Evaluation criteria for cleanability]
○: Removal rate of 80% or more Δ: Removal rate of 60% or more and less than 80% ×: Removal rate of less than 60%

[Test 2: Evaluation of rust prevention]
What diluted the cleaning agent of said Example and the comparative example so that it might become 5 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of tap water was used as a washing | cleaning liquid sample, and it made a metal test piece (Nippon Test Panel Co., Ltd. cold-rolled steel plate JIS G 3141, 0.8 × 35 × 75 mm) was dipped in a cleaning liquid sample, and the test was performed under the following rust prevention test conditions without rinsing to evaluate the rust prevention property.

[Rust prevention test conditions]
Exposure environment: Air temperature; 40 ° C, humidity (relative humidity); 90%
Test method: A test piece immersed in each cleaning liquid sample was taken out, dried, and stored for 10 days in the above-mentioned exposure environment, and the presence or absence of rust generation was judged from appearance observation.

[Evaluation criteria for rust prevention]
○: No rust occurrence ×: Rust occurrence

[Test 3: Evaluation of stability]
The appearance of the cleaning agent when the cleaning liquids of the above Examples and Comparative Examples were stored at room temperature for a maximum of one week was evaluated for stability according to the following evaluation criteria.

[Stability Evaluation Criteria]
○: A clear solution and no precipitate is formed.
(Triangle | delta): It is suspension and the precipitate has arisen after one week of stationary.
X: A large amount of precipitate is generated.

[Test 4: Appearance evaluation of cleaning agent residue on object to be cleaned]
What diluted the cleaning agent of said Example and the comparative example so that it might become 5 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of tap water was used as a washing | cleaning liquid sample, and it made a metal test piece (Nippon Test Panel Co., Ltd. cold-rolled steel plate (JIS G 3141, 0.8 × 35 × 75 mm) was dipped in the cleaning liquid sample, dried without rinsing, and the appearance of the cleaning agent residue on the object to be cleaned was evaluated according to the following criteria.

[Evaluation criteria for appearance of cleaning agent residue on object to be cleaned]
◯: Good x: White residue is observed.

Claims (3)

A cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning comprising 1 to 30 parts by weight of a sodium salt and / or a potassium salt of rosins with respect to 100 parts by weight of the cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning. The cleaning agent for degreasing and cleaning according to claim 1, wherein the rosin is a disproportionated rosin. A cleaning method using an aqueous solution containing 0.1 to 40 parts by weight of the degreasing cleaning agent according to claim 1 or 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aqueous solution.