JP2011078199A - Electrostatic induction generation apparatus set - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic induction power generating device with high power generation efficiency.
An electrostatic induction power generating device of the present invention includes a tubular member made of an insulator, a first electrode formed on an inner surface or an outer surface of the tubular member, and an inner surface of the tubular member. Alternatively, a second electrode formed on the outer surface at a position facing the first electrode, and a movable member that is movably provided inside the tubular member and is made of at least a part of a solid metal The second electrode is provided with an electret part on a part of the surface facing the first electrode, and the movable member is provided with a through hole extending in the same direction as the moving direction. The tubular member has such a length that the surface area of the movable member facing the electret portion can be changed by the movement of the movable member.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrostatic induction power generating device using an electret.

  Conventionally, as a power generation device that converts kinetic energy into electric energy, an electrostatic induction power generation device using an electret that has a relatively simple structure and high energy conversion efficiency has been proposed.

  An electrostatic induction conversion element provided with an electret film shown in Patent Document 1 includes a movable electrode, a fixed electrode, and an electret film that is a charge holding material made of a fluorine-based resin material or the like formed on the fixed electrode. It is constituted by. This electrostatic induction conversion element can obtain the kinetic energy of the movable electrode as a voltage change by vibrating the movable electrode to change the amount of charge induced to the movable electrode by the charge charged on the electret film. it can. That is, it is configured to generate electricity by converting kinetic energy into electrical energy. However, since this electrostatic induction conversion element vibrates the movable electrode portion, there is a problem that the reliability of the electrical wiring connected to the movable electrode portion is lowered.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, a solid dielectric or fluid provided between an electrode provided with an electret and an opposing electrode is used as a movable object to move between the inter-electrode region and the inter-electrode outer region. By doing so, the capacitance between the electrodes is changed, and the change in the capacitance is output. The fluid proposed in Patent Document 3 is a liquid, a liquid metal, a vapor, a dielectric bead, a metal bead, or a mixture thereof.

JP 2006-180450 A JP 2005-529574 A Special table 2008-507250 gazette

However, the power generation apparatus based on the capacitance change caused by the movement of the solid dielectric or fluid shown in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 has the following problems, is not reliable, and the kinetic energy of the movable object to be obtained Therefore, the change in the electric capacity between the electrodes is difficult to occur, and the power generation efficiency of electric energy is not good.
1. In a fluid composed of liquid (metal) and vapor, since it is liquid or vapor, sealing technology is important, and operation reliability when generating vibration is low. Moreover, since the moving speed with which the transmission efficiency of the force from the external vibration is low is low, the obtained kinetic energy is also low. Further, in Patent Document 3, mercury is preferred when using a liquid metal, but mercury is difficult to actually use because there is a concern about adverse effects on the human body.
2. In a fluid composed of a dielectric bead or a metal bead, when the bead group moves, the shape of the fluid changes due to damage caused by mutual contact, and a constant output cannot be obtained in long-term use. In addition, since the bead group fluid is strongly influenced by the earth's gravity when moving, for example, when the moving direction is perpendicular to the gravity, the bead group is filled with high density between the electret and the electrode. It is difficult to repeatedly generate an unsatisfied state, and as a result, a large change in electric capacity cannot be obtained.
3. In a solid dielectric, cracking, chipping, etc. are likely to occur due to shock caused by vibration, and stable output cannot be obtained after long-term use. Moreover, since the mass is generally small, the obtained kinetic energy is low.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic induction power generation device that solves the above-described problems and has high reliability and high power generation efficiency.

  In order to achieve the above object, an electrostatic induction power generating device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a cylindrical tubular member made of an insulator, and is movably provided inside the tubular member. The first electrode sandwiching a space in the tubular member in which the movable member moves, a movable member made of at least a part of a solid metal, a first electrode formed on the tubular member, A second electrode formed on the tubular member at a position facing the first electrode, and an electret part is provided on a part of the surface of the second electrode facing the first electrode, and the movable member Is provided with a through-hole extending in the same direction as the moving direction, and the moving direction is such that the surface area of the movable member facing the electret part can be changed by the movement of the movable member. The tubular part Characterized in that a.

  In addition to the configuration of the invention according to claim 1, the electrostatic induction power generating device according to claim 2 of the present invention is provided with a movement restricting portion at both ends in the movement direction of the tubular member. The movable member is provided inside the tubular member so as to be reciprocally movable.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second aspect of the present invention, an elastic buffer is provided on the inner surface side of the movement restricting portion. It is characterized by being.

  Further, in the electrostatic induction power generating device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the tubular member and the movable member have the same cross-sectional shape. It is characterized by.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first to fourth aspects, the movable member includes a solid metal and an insulator in the moving direction. It is configured by being laminated alternately, and at least two of them are the solid metal, and the electret portion has a place where the electret is formed and a place where the electret is not formed alternately in the moving direction of the movable member. The electret is formed in at least two places among them.

  An electrostatic induction power generating device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a cylindrical tubular member made of an insulator, and is provided movably inside the tubular member. At least a portion is made of a solid metal. A movable member, a first electrode formed on the tubular member, and a tubular member at a position facing the first electrode across a space in the tubular member in which the movable member moves. The electret part is provided on a part of the surface of the second electrode facing the first electrode, and the movable member extends in the same direction as the moving direction. A through hole is provided, and the tubular member has a length in the moving direction in which the surface area of the movable member facing the electret portion can be changed by the movement of the movable member. . In the present invention, since the movable member is a solid metal and the through hole is provided in the movable member, high kinetic energy can be obtained, and a durable electrostatic induction power generating device can be obtained at low cost. it can.

  In addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, the electrostatic induction power generating device according to claim 2 is provided with a movement restricting portion at both ends in the movement direction of the tubular member, and the movable The member is provided in the tubular member so as to be reciprocally movable. When the movable member reciprocates inside the tubular member, kinetic energy can be obtained more efficiently, and thus electric energy can be obtained more efficiently.

  In addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 2, the electrostatic induction power generating device of the invention according to claim 3 is provided with an elastic buffer on the inner surface side of the movement restricting portion. Damage to the solid metal that is the movable member can be prevented.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first to third aspects, the tubular member and the movable member have the same cross-sectional shape, The distance between the first electrode and the second electrode can be further shortened, and the power generation efficiency can be further increased.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first to fourth aspects, the movable member has the solid metal and the insulator alternately stacked in the moving direction. And at least two layers are the solid metal, and the electret part is formed alternately with the place where the electret is formed and the place where the electret is not formed, and at least two of them are formed with the electret As a result, a change in electric capacity occurs simultaneously at a plurality of locations with a small movement of the movable member, so that power generation efficiency can be improved.

It is a vertical front view of the electrostatic induction power generating device of the first embodiment. It is arrow direction sectional drawing in the A-A 'line | wire of the electrostatic induction power generating device of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is a vertical front view of the electrostatic induction power generating device of the second embodiment. It is arrow direction sectional drawing in the B-B 'line | wire of the electrostatic induction type electric power generating apparatus of 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG. It is arrow direction sectional drawing in the C-C 'line | wire of the electrostatic induction power generating device of 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, an electrostatic induction power generating device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view of an electrostatic induction power generating device 1 according to a first embodiment. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of the electrostatic induction power generating device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. In the following description, the upper side of the drawing is defined as the upper side, and the opposite direction is defined as the lower side.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electrostatic induction power generation device 1 is opposite to the tubular member 2, the first electrode 3 provided on a part of the inner surface of the tubular member 2, and the first electrode 3. A second electrode 5 provided on the outer surface of the tubular member 2 and having a part of the electret 7 formed thereon, and a movable member 9 capable of freely moving in the longitudinal direction within the tubular member 2; It is composed of

  The tubular member 2 has a rectangular tube shape made of acrylic resin, and a space 2a is provided inside the tubular member 2 with an end portion in the longitudinal direction of the tubular member 2 being opened. The length of the tubular member 2 is such a length that the surface area of the movable member 9 facing the electret part 7 can be changed when the movable member 9 moves in the space 2a inside. Movement restricting portions 12 b and 12 c are attached to the tubular member 2 at open ends 2 b and 2 c in the longitudinal direction of the tubular member 2. The movement restricting portions 12b and 12c are provided so as to block the open end portions 2b and 2c so that the movable member 9 does not come out of the space 2a. In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, flat members are provided as the movement restricting portions 12b and 12c, and the space 2a is completely sealed. The movement restricting portions 12b and 12c are made of acrylic resin.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the tubular member 2 was illustrated by the square cylinder shape, it is not limited to this shape, For example, a cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylinder shape, and another polygonal cylinder shape may be sufficient. Further, the open end portions 2b and 2c are completely sealed by the movement restricting portions 12b and 12c. However, if the movement can be restricted so that the movable member 9 does not come out of the space 2a, it is not always necessary to completely seal, for example, a lattice shape. It may be.

  On the inner surfaces of the movement restricting portions 12b and 12c, buffer bodies 17b and 17c having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape are provided by being bonded to the tubular member 2 and the movement restricting portions 12b and 12c. The buffer bodies 17b and 17c are made of an elastic material, and examples of the material include isoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, and butadiene rubber.

  The first electrode 3 is provided by being bonded and fixed to the inner surface of the lower surface of the tubular member 2. In the present embodiment, the first electrode 3 is formed of a low resistance stainless steel plate. The first electrode 3 is connected to a wiring 20 extending outside the tubular member 2 through a hole (not shown) formed in the tubular member 2. The material of the first electrode 3 may be a metal such as Al, Ti, or Cr other than the low-resistance stainless steel plate, or may be a material in which the above-described metal thin film is formed on an insulating substrate such as a resin.

  The 2nd electrode 5 is formed in the center of the longitudinal direction of the outer surface of the surface facing the surface in which the 1st electrode 3 of the tubular member 2 is formed. In the present embodiment, the second electrode 5 is formed of an Al film. Other than the Al film, the second electrode 5 may be an integral body of a metal such as Ti or Cr, or stainless steel, or may be one obtained by forming the above-described metal thin film on an insulating substrate such as a resin.

  The electret part 7 is formed on the side of the second electrode 5 facing the tubular member 2. In this embodiment, the electret part 7 is formed as a film of a fluororesin. The electret portion 7 is formed by applying a fluorine resin film to the Al film forming the second electrode 5 by a dipping method and then heat-treating the film, and electrons are applied to the film by corona discharge. Being injected. The electret part 7 is adjusted to a potential of about −100 to −2000V.

  The second electrode 5 and the electret part 7 are fixed to the outer surface of the tubular member 2 with an insulating tape 13. The insulating tape 13 is provided with a hole (not shown), and the wiring 20 is connected to the second electrode 5 through the hole.

  The movable member 9 is a quadrangular column made of a solid metal made of low resistance stainless steel. The movable member is formed in substantially the same size in the cross-sectional direction with respect to the space 2a in the tubular member 2, and moves freely only in the longitudinal direction of the space 2a.

  In addition, although the shape of the movable member 9 was illustrated with the quadrangular prism, it is not limited to this shape. However, it is desirable to have the same cross-sectional shape as the space 2 a inside the tubular member 2.

  The movable member 9 is provided with a through hole 15 extending in the moving direction. The through hole 15 has a quadrangular cross-sectional shape. The cross-sectional shape of the through hole is not limited to a quadrangle, and can be any shape.

  Next, the operation of the electrostatic induction power generating device 1 of this embodiment will be described. First, the electrostatic induction power generating device 1 of the present embodiment is vibrated in the longitudinal direction of the tubular member 2. The force applied to the electrostatic induction power generation device 1 due to the vibration is transmitted as kinetic energy of the movable member 9. The movable member 9 reciprocates in the longitudinal direction in the space 2a at a speed given by the total force obtained from the applied force and the frictional force between the tubular member 2 and the resistance force from the gas. The electrode 3 enters and exits the space between the second electrode 5 and the second electrode 5. In the space between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 5, an electric field is formed by charging of the electret part 7. When the movable member 9 enters the electric field and the area of the movable member 9 facing the electret portion 7 increases, the electric capacity between the electrodes increases. Further, when the movable member 9 moves and is extracted from the above-described electric field and the area of the movable member 9 facing the electret portion 7 decreases, the electric capacity between the electrodes decreases. By vibrating the electrostatic induction power generating device 1, the movable member 9 repeatedly goes into and out of the space between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 5, so that the first electrode 3 and the first electrode 3 The electric capacity of the electric field formed between the two electrodes 5 repeatedly increases and decreases, and an alternating current can be obtained. Electrical energy can be extracted by connecting the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 5 to an external load (wiring 20).

  As described above, the electrostatic induction power generating device 1 of the present embodiment is an electric field generated by moving the movable member 9 to the space between the electret portion 7 provided on the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 5. Since the capacity change is used for the output of power generation, it is not necessary to connect the wiring to the movable member 9, so that the wiring portion does not move, and thus high reliability is obtained.

  Further, in the electrostatic induction power generating device 1 of the present embodiment, the movable member 9 is formed of a solid metal. Since the external force transmission efficiency is good compared to the fluid, the moving speed is high, and the kinetic energy that is the source of conversion of the obtained electrical energy is high. Further, since the movement of the movable member made of a solid metal is used for the capacity change for power generation, a large change in electric capacity can be obtained as compared with the fluid or the solid dielectric movable member. In addition, since solid metals generally exhibit good ductility and malleability, they are more resistant to cracking and chipping due to vibration impacts and are more durable than solid dielectrics. Furthermore, compared with the case where liquid, liquid metal, or vapor is used for the movable member, an advanced sealing technique is not required, so that the power generation device can be obtained at low cost.

  Furthermore, since the movable member 9 includes the through-hole 15, the through-hole 15 becomes a vent hole, and air resistance due to movement can be reduced, so that a high speed can be obtained and the electric energy can be converted. Kinetic energy increases. This is particularly effective when the movable member 9 is in a closed space such as the tubular member 2 as in this embodiment.

  Moreover, since the cross-sectional shape of the movable member 9 is the same as that of the tubular member 2 in the electrostatic induction power generating device 1 of the present embodiment, the movable member 9 is layered on the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 5. It becomes possible to approach. The closer the distance between the electret part 7 and the movable member 9, the greater the capacitance between the electrodes. For this reason, it is possible to increase the amount of change in the electric capacity between the electrodes when the movable member 9 enters the electric field between the electrodes, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency.

  Further, the electrostatic induction power generating device 1 of the present embodiment is provided with elastic buffer bodies 17b and 17c at both ends of the tubular member 2, so that the movable member 9 and the movement restricting portions 12b and 12c Damage due to contact can be prevented.

  The length in the longitudinal direction of the space 2 a in the tubular member 2, particularly the length from the end face of the buffer bodies 17 b and 17 c to the end of the second electrode 5 is set to be the same as or slightly larger than that of the movable member 9. It is preferable. In this case, the amount of change in the capacitance of the space between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 5 is maximized, and power generation can be performed most efficiently.

Second Embodiment
Next, an electrostatic induction power generating device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the electrostatic induction power generating device of the second embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrows along the line BB ′ of the electrostatic induction power generating device of the second embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrows along the line CC ′ of the electrostatic induction power generating device of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the electrostatic induction power generating device 100 of the second embodiment includes a tubular member 2, a first electrode 3 provided on a part of the inner surface of the tubular member 2, and a first electrode. A second electrode 105 having an electret portion 107 formed in part, and a movable member that can move freely in the tubular member 2. 109. Compared to the electrostatic induction power generation device 1 of the first embodiment, the configurations of the electret part 107 and the movable member 109 are different. The following description will be made only on points that are different from the first embodiment, and the same points as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  The electret part 107 is provided on the second electrode 105 on the side facing the tubular member 2. The electret portion 107 is formed by providing three electrets 117 at intervals in the longitudinal direction. Since the material and formation method of the electret 117 are the same as those of the electret portion 7 of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  The movable member 109 includes a solid metal part 119 having a shape obtained by dividing the movable member 9 of the first embodiment in the moving direction and an insulating part 129 made of an insulator having the same shape and the same size in the moving direction. It is formed by alternately laminating. The movable member 109 is provided with a through hole 115 extending in the moving direction. In this example, the number of stacked layers is three for the solid metal part 119 and two for the insulating part 129, and the total length in the moving direction (longitudinal direction) of the movable member 109 is the same as that of the movable member 9 of the first embodiment. is there. An acrylic resin was used for the insulator 129.

  The operation of the electrostatic induction power generating device 100 of this example is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, the solid metal portions 119 and the insulating portions 129 are alternately stacked in the moving direction of the movable member 109, and the electret portion 107 is provided with at least two electrets 117 spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the tubular member 2. As a result, a plurality of electric fields are formed between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 105, and a plurality of solid metals can enter and exit there. As a result, a change in electric capacity is simultaneously generated at a plurality of locations with a small movement of the movable member, so that power generation efficiency can be improved. Therefore, unlike the first embodiment, the length from the end face of the buffer bodies 17b and 17c to the end portion of the second electrode 105 in the length in the longitudinal direction of the space 2a in the tubular member 2 is set as the movable member. It is also possible to set a value smaller than 109. In addition, since the movable object is a laminate of metal and resin, the impact resistance due to vibration is high, and the power generator is highly reliable.

  In addition, when the width and thickness of the three electrets 117 that form the electret part 107 and the width (thickness) and spacing of the three solid metals 119 that form the movable member 109 are the same, It is more desirable because the change in electric capacity occurs in synchronism and more efficient power generation is possible.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in detail, and various modifications may be made without departing from the gist of the present disclosure. For example, the first electrode 3 may be formed not on the inner surface of the tubular member 2 but on the outer surface or inside of the tubular member 2. Further, the second electrodes 5 and 105 may be provided not on the outer surface of the tubular member 2 but on the inner surface. Regardless of the combination of the positions of these electrodes, the electric capacity between the electrodes changes and the electric energy can be extracted by moving the movable members 9 and 109.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Static induction type generator 2 Tubular member 3 1st electrode 5 2nd electrode 7 Electret part 9 Movable members 12b and 12c Movement control part 15 Through-hole 100 Static induction type generator 105 of 2nd Embodiment 2nd Electrode 107 electret part 109 movable member 117 electret 119 solid metal part 129 insulating part

Claims (5)

A cylindrical tubular member made of an insulator is provided,
A movable member which is provided inside the tubular member so as to be movable, and at least part of which is made of a solid metal;
A first electrode formed on the tubular member;
A second electrode formed on the tubular member at a position facing the first electrode across a space in the tubular member in which the movable member moves;
With
An electret part is provided on a part of the surface of the second electrode facing the first electrode;
The movable member is provided with a through hole extending in the same direction as the moving direction,
The electrostatic induction generator according to claim 1, wherein the tubular member has a length in the moving direction in which a surface area of the movable member facing the electret portion can be changed by the movement of the movable member. .   The movement restriction part is provided at both ends of the movement direction of the tubular member, and the movable member is provided in the tubular member so as to be reciprocally movable. Electrostatic induction generator.   The electrostatic induction power generating device according to claim 2, wherein an elastic buffer is provided on an inner surface side of the movement restricting portion.   The electrostatic induction power generating device according to claim 1, wherein the tubular member and the movable member have the same cross-sectional shape. The movable member is configured by alternately laminating a solid metal and an insulator in the moving direction, at least two of which are the solid metal,
The electret portion is formed such that a portion where the electret is formed and a portion where the electret is not formed are alternately formed in the moving direction of the movable member, and at least two of the electret portions are formed with the electret. The electrostatic induction power generating device according to 1 to 4.