JP2011078065A - Loudspeaker - Google Patents

Abstract

Sound reproduction is performed in all directions in three dimensions without using a large number of speaker units.
A magnetic circuit for generating a direct-current magnetic flux, a first coil provided with a first coil, and reproducing sound by a driving force in a first direction generated between the magnetic circuit and the first coil; A second coil is provided for performing sound reproduction on the back side in the first direction by a driving force generated in a second direction opposite to the first direction between the magnetic circuit and the second coil. Driving in the third direction in the circumferential direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction in the region between the two diaphragms and the peripheral end of the first diaphragm and the peripheral end of the second diaphragm And a third diaphragm for performing sound reproduction by force, wherein the magnetic circuit causes a DC magnetic flux from a common magnet to act on the first coil, the second coil, and the third coil. Speaker.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a speaker, and more particularly to a technique that enables sound reproduction in all three-dimensional directions.

  At present, as a speaker, vibration is transmitted to the air by vibration of a diaphragm. As a result, the speaker has directivity and performs sound reproduction in the direction in which the diaphragm is facing. In addition, the speaker generally has a characteristic in which the directivity is narrowed depending on the frequency, and the directivity is often narrowed as the speaker for high frequency reproduction. In addition, the sounds of musical instruments and other natural sounds are often point sound sources and omnidirectional sounds. For this reason, it is desired to expand the directivity of the speaker and perform reproduction in all directions.

  Therefore, there are a speaker system in which two speakers are combined back to back, a speaker system in which sound is diffused in each direction by an equalizer (acoustic reflection member), a polyhedral speaker system in which speaker units are arranged on each side of a polyhedron, and the like. Yes.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-32517

  In Patent Document 1 described above, two speaker units are arranged back to back, so that sound reproduction is performed in the front and rear directions to improve narrow directivity. However, no improvement has been made for the left-right (y) direction and the vertical (z) direction other than the front-rear (x) direction, and it is far from sound reproduction in all directions.

  Also, in the speaker system that diffuses sound by reflection by the equalizer, there is a problem that the sound quality changes depending on the material and angle of the equalizer, and sound can be reproduced in all directions on the horizontal plane (in a two-dimensional plane), but in the vertical direction The problem of being unable to play back remains.

  On the other hand, according to a speaker system in which speaker units are arranged on each surface of a polyhedron such as a regular dodecahedron, sound reproduction in all directions facing each speaker unit is possible. However, a large number of speaker units are required, and there is a problem that a compact configuration is not possible.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a speaker capable of reproducing sound in all three directions without using a large number of speaker units. For the purpose.

The present invention for solving the above problems is as described below.
(1) According to the first aspect of the present invention, a magnetic circuit for generating a DC magnetic flux and a first coil are provided, and sound reproduction is performed by a driving force in a first direction generated between the magnetic circuit and the first coil. A first diaphragm for performing the operation and a second coil are provided, and a back surface in the first direction is generated by a driving force generated in a second direction opposite to the first direction between the magnetic circuit and the second coil. A second diaphragm that performs sound reproduction on the side, and a circumference that is orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction in a region between the circumferential end of the first diaphragm and the circumferential end of the second diaphragm. A third diaphragm that reproduces sound by a driving force in a third direction of the direction, and the magnetic circuit acts on the first coil, the second coil, and the third coil with a DC magnetic flux from a common magnet. This is a speaker characterized by that.

  (2) The invention according to claim 2 is a first pole piece arranged at one end of the magnet, a first ring yoke arranged around the first pole piece via a first magnetic gap, A second pole piece disposed at the other end of the magnet and a second magnetic gap around the second pole piece and a third magnetic gap between the first ring yoke A second ring yoke disposed, the first coil disposed in the first magnetic gap, the second coil disposed in the second magnetic gap, and the third coil disposed in the third magnetic gap. The speaker according to claim 1, wherein:

(3) The invention according to claim 3 is the speaker according to claim 1-2, wherein the third diaphragm and the third coil are made of a stretchable material.
(4) The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the third diaphragm and the third coil are configured to have a flexible portion so as to be expandable and contractible. It is a speaker of description.

  (5) In the invention according to claim 5, the third diaphragm and the third coil are configured to be divided into a plurality of elements, and a stretchable material or deflection is provided between the plurality of elements. The speaker according to claim 1, wherein the speaker is configured to include a section.

  (6) The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the third diaphragm and the third coil are configured not to be uniform in all directions but to generate the driving force in a specific direction. The speaker according to claim 1-2.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
In the above speaker invention, the magnetic circuit using the DC magnetic flux from the common magnet performs sound reproduction with the first diaphragm in the first direction and the second diaphragm in the second direction opposite to the first direction. Sound reproduction is performed, and sound reproduction is performed by the third diaphragm in the third direction in the circumferential direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction. This makes it possible to reproduce sound in all three directions without using a large number of speaker units.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the speaker of embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the speaker of embodiment of this invention.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as an embodiment) will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[First embodiment]
[Configuration of First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a speaker 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Here, the sound reproduction direction of the first diaphragm of the speaker 100 is shown in the left direction in FIG. 1 as the x direction, and the sound reproduction direction of the second diaphragm is shown in the right direction in FIG. 1 as the −x direction. The front direction is shown as the y direction, and the upward direction in FIG. 1 is shown as the z direction.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an external configuration of the speaker 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention as a perspective view. Here, the sound reproduction direction of the first diaphragm of the speaker 100 is shown in the left direction in FIG. 2 as the x direction, and the sound reproduction direction of the second diaphragm is shown in the right direction in FIG. 1 as the −x direction. The lower right front direction is shown as the y direction, and the upper direction in FIG. 1 is shown as the z direction.

1 and 2, a cylindrical permanent magnet 130 magnetized in the axial direction (x direction) is disposed near the center of the speaker 100.
A first pole piece 140 a having a slightly larger area than the end surface is disposed on one end surface (one end) of the permanent magnet 130. And the 1st ring yoke 140c1 is arrange | positioned on the outer peripheral side of the 1st pole piece 140a, opening the annular space used as a magnetic gap (1st magnetic gap G1). The first ring yoke 140c1 is held via an annular spacer 145 attached to the side surface of the permanent magnet 130.

The first magnetic gap G1 is a magnetic path, and the first coil bobbin 150a around which the first coil 160a is wound is disposed.
A dome-shaped first diaphragm 170a is attached to the inner side of the end of the first coil bobbin 150a, and a first edge 172a for supporting vibration in the x direction of the first diaphragm 170a is attached to the ring 147a on the outer side of the end. It is attached to.

  A second pole piece 140b having a slightly larger area than the end surface is disposed on the other end surface (the other end) of the permanent magnet 130. A second ring yoke 140c2 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the second pole piece 140b with an annular space serving as a magnetic gap (second magnetic gap G2). The second ring yoke 140c2 is held via an annular spacer 145 attached to the side surface of the permanent magnet 130.

  The second magnetic gap G2 is a magnetic path, and the second coil bobbin 150b around which the second coil 160b is wound is disposed. Since the second magnetic gap G2 has a magnetic flux opposite to the first magnetic gap G1, the +/− polarity of the second coil 160b is opposite to that of the first coil 160a.

  A dome-shaped second diaphragm 170b is attached to the inner side of the end of the second coil bobbin 150b, and a second edge 172b that supports vibration in the −x direction of the second diaphragm 170b is attached to the outer side of the end. Is attached to.

  Further, the first ring yoke 140c1 outside the first pole piece 140a and the second ring yoke 140c2 outside the second pole piece 140b have an annular space as a magnetic gap (third magnetic gap G3) in the middle part. Thus, it is configured as a cylindrical magnetic path that covers the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet 130.

  The third magnetic gap G3 is provided with a doughnut-shaped third coil 160c. A cylindrical diaphragm-shaped third diaphragm 170c is attached to the outer peripheral side of the third coil 160c. One end of the third diaphragm 170c is attached to the ring 147a, and the other end of the third diaphragm 170c is attached to the ring 147b. As will be described later, the third diaphragm 170c is configured to be extendable in the outer peripheral or inner peripheral direction. For the third coil 160c as described above, it is also desirable to apply the technique of a printed wiring board.

  Since the third coil 160c is arranged at the center of the cylindrical diaphragm-shaped third diaphragm 170c, the third diaphragm 170c shows a state in which the edge of the end is omitted. You may provide an edge in the edge part of the three diaphragm 170c.

Further, a frame or the like may be provided outside the rings 147a and 147b, and a spherical outer shell (not shown) made of a punching metal or the like may be covered on the frame.
[Description of Operation of First Embodiment]
In the above configuration, the magnetic flux from one end of the permanent magnet 130 is the first pole piece 140a, the first magnetic gap G1 (first coil 160a), the first ring yoke 140c1, and the third magnetic gap G3 (third coil 160c). The second ring yoke 140c2, the second magnetic gap G2 (second coil 160b), the second pole piece 140b, and the other end of the permanent magnet 130 pass through the magnetic path.

  Accordingly, a common DC magnetic flux is applied to the three types of diaphragms of the first coil 160a, the second coil 160b, and the third coil 169c while using the common permanent magnet 130, that is, one common magnetic circuit. Yes.

  When a signal is supplied to each coil, the first diaphragm 170a performs sound reproduction in the x direction, the second diaphragm 170b performs sound reproduction in the -x direction, and the third diaphragm 170c. Performs sound reproduction in the circumferential direction in the yz plane. Thereby, it is possible to reproduce sound in all directions in three dimensions by using a common magnetic circuit and three types of diaphragms without using a large number of speaker units.

  In this case, the same signal may be reproduced in all three-dimensional directions by supplying the same signal to the first diaphragm 170a, the second diaphragm 170b, and the third diaphragm 170c. In this case, the installation of the speaker 100 is not limited to the orientation shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the first diaphragm 170a may be directed upward, the second diaphragm 170b may be directed downward, and the third diaphragm 170c may be disposed in the horizontal plane direction. . Further, a left (L) signal is supplied to the first diaphragm 170a, a right (R) signal is supplied to the second diaphragm 170b, and a center (C) signal is supplied to the third diaphragm 170c to perform stereo or surround reproduction using a point sound source. You may do it.

  In the above configuration, the third coil 160c and the third diaphragm 170c vibrate in response to a signal so as to extend in the radial direction of the circle, that is, in the outer peripheral direction or to contract in the inner peripheral direction. For this reason, the third coil 160c and the third diaphragm 170c are configured by being divided into a plurality of elements including a flexible portion that is configured to be stretchable and configured of a stretchable material. Is desirable.

  When sound reproduction in the z direction is unnecessary, the third coil is not uniform in all directions (yz circumferential direction) but generates a driving force in specific directions such as the y and −y directions. 160c may be configured. In this case, the winding of the third coil 160c may be adjusted, or the distance of the third magnetic gap G3 may be adjusted. For example, the third magnetic gap G3 is properly spaced in the direction in which sound reproduction is desired, or the third coil 160c is wound, and the third magnetic gap G3 is widened in the direction not requiring sound reproduction, or This can be dealt with by arranging the third coil 160c at a position removed from the third magnetic gap G3. In this case, in the case of spreading outward in the y direction and the −y direction, the z direction is recessed so that even a non-stretchable material can be deformed if it has elasticity. It becomes possible.

[Modification of First Embodiment]
The configuration of each unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an example as a specific example, and various modifications are possible.

  For example, various shapes other than a dome shape can be applied to the first diaphragm 170a and the second diaphragm 170b. Moreover, although the 1st diaphragm 170a and the 2nd diaphragm 170b showed what has a circular outer periphery, various shapes, such as an ellipse and a polygon, are applicable.

  Further, the second diaphragm 170b may be omitted, and the first diaphragm 170a and the third diaphragm 170c may constitute a speaker that performs sound reproduction in the x direction and the yz plane direction. In this case, it is suitable for use in omnidirectional sound reproduction with the surface of the second pole piece 140b placed on a wall, floor or table.

100 speaker 130 permanent magnet 140a first pole piece 140b second pole piece 140c1 first ring yoke 140c2 second ring yoke 145 spacer 150a first bobbin 150b second bobbin 160a first coil 160b second coil 160c third coil 170a first Diaphragm 170b Second diaphragm 170c Third diaphragm 172a First edge 172b Second edge G1 First gap G2 Second gap G3 Third gap

Claims (6)

A magnetic circuit for generating a DC magnetic flux;
A first diaphragm provided with a first coil and performing sound reproduction by a driving force in a first direction generated between the magnetic circuit and the first coil;
A second coil is provided, and performs sound reproduction on the back side in the first direction by a driving force generated in a second direction opposite to the first direction between the magnetic circuit and the second coil. A diaphragm,
Sound reproduction is performed in the region between the peripheral end of the first diaphragm and the peripheral end of the second diaphragm by the driving force in the third direction in the circumferential direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction. A third diaphragm to perform,
The magnetic circuit causes a DC magnetic flux from a common magnet to act on the first coil, the second coil, and the third coil.
A speaker characterized by that. A first pole piece disposed at one end of the magnet;
A first ring yoke disposed around the first pole piece via a first magnetic gap;
A second pole piece disposed at the other end of the magnet;
A second ring yoke disposed around the second pole piece via a second magnetic gap and disposed between the first ring yoke and a third magnetic gap;
The first coil is disposed in the first magnetic gap, the second coil is disposed in the second magnetic gap, and the third coil is disposed in the third magnetic gap;
The speaker according to claim 1. The third diaphragm and the third coil are made of a stretchable material.
The speaker according to claim 1-2. The third diaphragm and the third coil are configured to have a flexible portion so as to be expandable and contractible.
The speaker according to claim 1-2. The third diaphragm and the third coil are configured by being divided into a plurality of elements.
The speaker according to claim 1-2. The third diaphragm and the third coil are configured not to be uniform in all directions but to generate the driving force in a specific direction.
The speaker according to claim 1-2.

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