JP2010510299A - 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の使用による酸化剤からのアルケンの製造方法 - Google Patents
担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の使用による酸化剤からのアルケンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
−選択される担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒及び/又はその塩であって、該選択される担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒及び/又はその塩は、酸化剤(oxygenate)からアルケンへの脱水反応等の工程で用いられる場合に、品質を向上させる特性を有し、
−該選択される担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒及び/又はその塩の調製、
−アルケンを製造するための酸化剤原料(oxygenate feedstock)の脱水反応における選択性、生産性、及びアルカン生成の低減の点で改良された工程、及び、
−アルケンの選択性及び生産性を改善するための、並びにアルカンの生成を低減するための酸化剤からアルケンへの脱水工程における担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒及び/又はその塩の使用に関する。
そして、酸化剤原料がエーテル中間体の生成により脱水化される、第2ステップのメカニズムは、式2及び式3により説明される;
18−タングステンリン酸 − H6[P2W18O62].xH2O、
12−タングステンリン酸− H3[PW12O40].xH2O、
12−モリブドリン酸 − H3[PMo12O40].xH2O、
12−タングステンケイ酸 − H4[SiW12O40].xH2O、
12−モリブドケイ酸 − H4[SiMo12O40].xH2O、
ハイドロゲンタングステンケイ酸セシウム(cesium hydrogen tungstosilicate) − Cs3H[SiW12O40].xH2O、及び、
次のヘテロポリ酸の遊離酸又は部分塩である:
タングステンリン酸一カリウム − KH5[P2W18O62].xH2O、
12−タングステンケイ酸一ナトリウム − NaK3[SiW12O40].xH2O、
タングステンリン酸カリウム − K6[P2W18O62].xH2O、
モリブドリン酸ナトリウム − Na3[PMo12O40].xH2O、
モリブド二リン酸アンモニウム − (NH4)6[P2Mo18O62].xH2O、
モリブドジバナドリン酸カリウム(potassium molybdodivanado phosphate) − K5[PMoV2O40].xH2O。
選択される改質されたヘテロポリ酸の好適例は次のとおりである:
18−タングステンリン酸 − H6[P2W18O62].xH2O、
12−タングステンリン酸 − H3[PW12O40].xH2O、
12−タングステンケイ酸 − H4[SiW12O40].xH2O、
ハイドロゲンタングステンケイ酸セシウム − Cs3H[SiW12O40].xH2O、及び、
次のヘテロポリ酸の遊離酸又は部分塩である:
タングステンリン酸一カリウム − KH5[P2W18O62].xH2O、
12−タングステンケイ酸一ナトリウム − NaK3[SiW12O40].xH2O、
タングステンリン酸カリウム − K6[P2W18O62].xH2O。
(i)ジメチルエーテルの形成の阻害 − ジメチルエーテルは、ジエチルエーテルと比較して、プロピレン及びエチレンから分離するのが困難である、
(ii)MTO化学反応の阻害、
(iii)アルケンのアルキル化(例えば、プロピレンからブテン)の阻害、
(iv)メチルエチルエーテル(エチレンから分離するのが困難である)の形成の阻害、
(v)ほとんど消費されない、
(vi)非常に低い毒性、
(vii)非常に低い蒸気圧 − 流通しやすい、及び、
(viii)原料における良好なC:O比;すなわち、水の生成がほとんどない。
流路当たりの製造されるアルケンのモル数は、再利用される供給物の流れにおいて、全アルコールモル数と2倍のエーテルに分けられ、フレッシュな供給物が添加される。
ステップa. 合成ガス反応器において、炭化水素原料を酸化炭素と水素の混合物に変換するステップ、
ステップb. 200〜400℃の温度及び50〜200barの圧力下で、反応器において、微粒子触媒の存在下で、ステップaによる前述の酸化炭素と水素の混合物を、少なくとも1つの、2〜5個の炭素原子を有する一価脂肪族パラフィン系アルコール(monohydric aliphatic paraffinic alcohol)及び/又は対応するエーテルを含む原料に変換するステップ、及び、
ステップc. アルケンを製造するための、本発明で説明される工程を進行するステップであって、酸化剤原料は、少なくとも、ステップbで生産されたアルコール及び/又はエーテルの一部を含む、ステップ。
(実施例で用いる支持体材料)
CariAct(登録商標)Q6、CariAct(登録商標)Q10、CariAct(登録商標)Q15、CariAct(登録商標)Q30、及びCariAct(登録商標)Q50のシリカペレットは、Fuji Silysia社から入手した。
支持体材料は、窒素多孔度測定(nitrogen porosimetry)で分析した(表1)。
タングステンケイ酸(H4[SiW12O40].24H2O、分子量3310.6)を口径の大きいプラスチックボトルに秤量し、蒸留水に溶解した。この酸性溶液に、秤量した支持体材料を添加した。酸性溶液及び支持体材料を残留し、不定期の穏やかな回転流により、捕捉された気泡を除去する間、約1時間浸漬した。
エタノールを溶媒として用いた以外は、上述の手順に従い行った。また、少量のn−ブタノールをエタノールに添加した(表3)。
乾燥固体触媒は、窒素多孔度測定で分析した(表4)。
触媒(0.8〜0.92ml、125〜180μmの粒子サイズ)を並流反応器(parallel flow reactor)に負荷した。触媒の重量及び体積を記録した。
Claims (20)
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の表面積当たりのヘテロポリ酸負荷が、好ましくは0.1μモル/m2超である、請求項1記載の触媒。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒負荷が、150〜600gヘテロポリ酸/kg触媒である、請求項1又は2記載の触媒。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、好ましくは0.50ml/g超及び0.8ml/g超の細孔容積を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、10〜500Å、好ましくは30〜175Å、より好ましくは50〜150Å、最も好ましくは60〜120Åの平均細孔半径を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、50〜600m2/g、好ましくは150〜400m2/gのBET表面積を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、少なくとも1kg力、好ましくは少なくとも2kg力、より好ましくは少なくとも6kg力、最も好ましくは少なくとも7kg力の粉砕力である平均単一粒子を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、少なくとも380g/l、好ましくは少なくとも395g/lのかさ密度を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体がシリカ支持体である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の存在下で、好ましくは180〜250℃の温度で行うことで特徴づけられる、反応器での酸化剤原料からのアルケンの製造方法。
- 脱水工程が気相状態で行われる、請求項10記載の製造方法。
- 脱水工程が、露点圧力よりも低い、少なくとも0.1MPa、好ましくは少なくとも0.2MPaの圧力で操作され、及び/又は、脱水工程が、気相脱水反応器に導入する供給物、及び気相脱水反応器内部に存在する生産物の組成の露点温度を超える、少なくとも10℃の温度で操作される、請求項10又は11記載の製造方法。
- 脱水工程が、180〜270℃、より好ましくは190〜260℃、最も好ましくは200〜250℃の温度で操作される、請求項10〜12のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 脱水工程が、0.1MPa超で4.5MPa未満、より好ましくは1.0MPa超で3.5MPa未満、最も好ましくは1.0MPa超で2.8MPa未満の圧力で操作される、請求項10〜13のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 脱水工程時に生産される未反応のアルコール及び/又はエーテルの大部分が、気相脱水反応器に戻され再利用される、請求項10〜14のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 少なくとも一部の、好ましくは全部の未反応アルコール及び/又はエーテルの再利用が、気相脱水反応器に導入される前に、脱水化される酸化剤原料とプレミックスされる、請求項15記載の製造方法。
- 炭化水素からアルケンへの変換方法であって、下記の連続的なステップを含む前記方法:
ステップa):合成ガス反応器において、炭化水素原料を酸化炭素と水素の混合物に変換するステップ、
ステップb):200〜400℃の温度及び50〜200barの圧力下で、反応器において、微粒子触媒の存在下で、ステップa)による酸化炭素と水素の混合物を、少なくとも1つの、2〜5個の炭素原子を有する一価脂肪族パラフィン系アルコール及び/又は対応するエーテルを含む原料に変換するステップ、及び、
ステップc):アルケンを製造するための、請求項10〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法を進行するステップであって、酸化剤原料は、少なくとも、ステップb)で生産されたアルコール及び/又はエーテルの一部を含む、ステップからなる変換方法。 - アルカン形成の阻害、並びにアルケンの選択性及び生産性の改善のための、酸化剤原料からのアルケンの製造方法における、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の使用方法。
- アルケンの製造方法が、請求項10〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法である、請求項18記載の使用方法。
- アルカン形成の阻害、並びにアルケンの選択性及び生産性の改善のための、請求項17記載の製造方法のステップc)における、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の使用方法。
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| EP06255980A EP1925363A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2006-11-22 | Process for producing alkenes from oxygenates by using supported heteropolyacid catalysts |
| PCT/GB2007/004251 WO2008062157A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 | 2007-11-08 | Process for producing alkenes from oxygenates by using supported heteropolyacid catalysts |
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| CA2670161A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
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| CA2670161C (en) | 2016-01-26 |
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| AU2007324360B2 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
| US20100292520A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
| KR20090091728A (ko) | 2009-08-28 |
| US9199845B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
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