JP2010500459A - Lecithin emulsion conveyor system lubricant - Google Patents

Abstract

An aqueous emulsion comprising an oily substance together with an emulsifier is disclosed, the emulsifier being selected from phospholipids, in particular lecithin. This type of aqueous lecithin-containing emulsion is particularly suitable for anti-friction of conveyor systems, particularly those transporting containers containing food.
[Selection figure] None

Description

  The present invention relates to an anti-friction composition and to the use of the composition for anti-friction of conveyor systems, preferably for packaging, in particular for food packaging conveyor systems.

  In the packaging of food and beverages, especially in bottled and squeezed halls in beverage factories, the containers of interest are typically automated using a plate belt conveyor or a suitable anti-friction method, preferably equipped with a spray system. It is transported using other conveyor systems that are not only lubricated by a belt lubricator but also cleaned.

  In order to reduce friction between the conveyor system and the moving or stationary parts of the system, and to prevent the containers being transported from falling and damaging when the speed changes suddenly, they must be lubricated. The lubricating film on the surface of the conveyor system, for example, has the effect of reducing friction between the container and the surface of the conveyor system, so that, for example, in the condition that the belt conveyor stops suddenly, Since the static friction is reduced, the risk of falling is reduced.

  However, the performance requirements imposed on such lubricants vary widely. First, the lubricant must cause friction reduction, and this friction reduction must also be applied to various materials. It is necessary that the containers being transported on this kind of conveyor system consist of paperboard or cardboard as well as glass and metal, and at the same time ensure that the friction between the metal parts is reduced, and further the conveyor system It is clear that not all of the known lubricants can meet these requirements, taking into account the fact that the surface is made of, for example, plastic or metal plate or rubber. In fact, an important factor is that the anti-friction agent forms a foam, which is undesirable. In principle, this problem can be solved by adding defoamers and / or low foaming surfactants, but such defoamers and surfactants frequently lack the desired high biodegradability. The use of amines, especially aliphatic amines, is also undesirable for environmental reasons. Thus, in principle, not all known compounds can be used to develop suitable lubricants.

  Various solutions have already been disclosed by the prior art. For example, EP 0359145 proposes the use of an aqueous lubricant composition that does not contain a soap component, but it becomes a clear aqueous solution and has a pH of 6-8, , Alkylbenzene sulfonates and alkoxylated alkanol phosphates, as well as alkane carboxylic acids. WO 2005/014764 discloses an antifriction concentrate that necessarily contains at least one anionic surfactant and at least one organic monoester or diester, but is dissolved in water. These concentrates must be diluted to achieve the desired lubricant.

  However, in practice, for example, the problem that the lubricant will adhere too strongly to the surface will continue to occur, thereby causing excessive adhesion or otherwise sticking of the containers being transported. On the other hand, removing the lubricant from the belt conveyor too easily, for example at high speed, for example by synthetic centripetal force, is also undesirable in order to prevent the lubricant from splashing around the conveyor system.

  Therefore, it was an object of the present invention to improve the above disadvantages of prior art lubricants. It has now been found that certain emulsifiers in aqueous emulsions are suitable for solving this defined problem.

  First, the present specification describes the use of a dispersion comprising a lipophilic phase and an aqueous phase, as well as a dispersant or emulsifier, the dispersion necessarily comprising at least one phospholipid as a dispersant / emulsifier. As well as the use of such dispersions as lubricants, preferably as conveyor system lubricants.

  The composition used in the present invention takes the form of a dispersion. In principle, a dispersion is a system (dispersed system) in which two or more phases (one is a continuous phase (dispersion medium) and the other one or more is atomized (dispersed phase, dispersoid)) ). Examples of dispersions include emulsions (dispersion medium and dispersion phase: liquid phase insoluble in each other), aerosol [gas dispersion medium, liquid dispersion phase (mist) or solid dispersion phase (smoke, dust)], and suspension ( Liquid dispersion medium, solid dispersion phase). For this use of the invention, the particular advantage has been demonstrated that the composition takes the form of an emulsion, either oil-in-water (O / W) or water-in-oil (W / O).

  Preference is given to emulsions of the O / W type, that is to say that the lipophilic phase is dispersed and surrounded by a continuous water phase. The dispersion (preferably an emulsion) according to the technical suggestion of the present application preferably comprises 70-90% by weight of water. In practice, however, such compositions are diluted with water to form a suitable lubricant, and typically it is 15 to 0.001% by weight, preferably 10 to 0.01% by weight. Non-aqueous substances.

  As an effective material, the dispersion of the present invention comprises at least one phospholipid emulsifier / dispersant. Phospholipids are complex lipids in which one of the primary hydroxyl groups of glycerol is esterified with phosphoric acid (also esterified on the opposite side). The other two hydroxyl groups of glycerol are esterified with long-chain saturated or unsaturated fatty acids. Phospholipids are related to lipids due to their lipophilic and hydrophilic components, due to their lipid-like solubility, and are involved in vivo as membrane lipids and in the structure of layered structures, just as membranes It is a diester or monoester of phosphoric acid. Phosphatidic acid is esterified with fatty acids at the 1-sn and 2-positions (1-sn: usually saturated, 2: usually mono- or polyunsaturated), but the 3-sn atom is also esterified with phosphoric acid. And is a glycerol derivative characterized by the following general formula:

  In phosphatidic acid that occurs in human or animal tissues, the phosphate group usually has choline (lecithin = 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine) or 2-aminoethanol (ethanolamine) or L-serine (cephalin = 3-sn-phosphatidyl). With myo-inositol to form phosphoinositides [1- (3-sn-phosphatidyl) -D-myo-inositol] frequently found in tissues with amino alcohols such as ethanolamine or sn-phosphatidyl-L-serine) Alternatively, it is esterified with glycerol to form phosphatidylglycerol.

  Lecithin (particularly preferred for use in the dispersions of the present invention) is characterized by the following general formula:

  In the formula, typically R1 and R2 are unbranched aliphatic groups having 15 or 17 carbon atoms and no more than 4 cis-type double bonds.

  Cardiolipin (1,3-bisphosphatidylglycerol) is a phospholipid consisting of two phosphatidic acids joined by glycerol. Lysophospholipids are obtained when acyl groups are removed from phospholipids by phospholipase A (eg, lysolecithin).

  Lysophospholipids are characterized by the following general formula:

  For example, lysolecithin is characterized by the following general formula:

  In the formula, typically R1 and R2 are unbranched aliphatic groups having 15 or 17 carbon atoms and no more than 4 cis-type double bonds.

  Phospholipids also contain plasmalogens, in which an aldehyde (in the form of an enol ether) is bonded to position 1 instead of a fatty acid, and an O-1-sn-alkenyl compound corresponding to phosphatidylcholine is For example, it is called phosphatidal choline.

  The parent structure of sphingophospholipid is sphingosine or phytosphingosine, which are distinguished by the following structural formula.

  Improved forms of sphingolipids are distinguished, for example, by the following general formula:

  Wherein R 1 and R 3 are independently of each other a saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl group having 1 to 28 carbon atoms, and R 2 is a hydrogen atom or 1 to 2 carbon atoms. A group of 28 saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl groups, sugar groups, non-esterified or esterified with organic groups, non-esterified or esterified with organic groups And Y is either a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or another heterofunctional group.

  Sphingophospholipids

  In the formula, R1 and R3 are alkyl groups, and R4 is an organyl group. Sphingomyelin

Of organyl phosphorylated sphingolipids.

  In the context of the present invention, the term “phospholipid” also includes sphingophospholipids and sphingophospholipids.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, phospholipids of plant origin are used. These phospholipids can be obtained, for example, from soybean or plant seed cells. It is advantageous to use lecithin obtained as a by-product in the essential oils of vegetable oils (especially soybean oil). Soy lecithin consists of phosphatidylcholine (40-50%), phosphatidylethanolamine (about 10%), phosphatidylinositol (about 5%), phosphatidylserine (about 1-2%), sterols and lipids. The phospholipid used is advantageously and preferably selected from deoiled and / or fractionated and / or spray-dried and / or acetylated and / or hydrolyzed and / or hydrated. The phospholipids whose use is advantageous are also selected from phospholipids rich in phosphatidylcholine and / or rich in phosphatidylinositol.

  In particular, the phospholipids whose use is advantageous for the present invention are the trademarks Leciprime 1800 IP (Cargill), Phosal 50 SA + (Phospholipid), Soluthin MD (Phospholipid) or Lipoid SL 80-3 (Lipoid) ).

  The amount of phospholipid (s) in the emulsion is preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 8% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 0.5%, based on the total weight of the emulsion. 5% by weight, in particular 2 to 4% by weight.

  The dispersion of the present invention comprises a lipophilic phase. The lipophilic phase may contain oil components and / or lipids and any desired mixtures thereof. Depending on the choice of lipophilic phase, the dispersion according to the invention takes the form of a suspension and / or emulsion. "Oil (" oil component "is also used interchangeably)" is an organic substance that is liquid at 30 ° C. and has a relatively low vapor pressure and is insoluble in water. A common feature of oils is that their chemical structure is not matched, but instead their physical integrity is similar.

  A particularly preferred lipophilic phase is liquid at room temperature (21 ° C.). The compositions suggested in this application are preferably emulsions prepared with liquid starting materials. Therefore, suspensions are not appropriate. Therefore, those skilled in the art will select an appropriate oil phase based on the melting point.

Examples of suitable oil components include the types of compounds specified below if they are liquid at 30 ° C, preferably at 21 ° C. Examples include Guerbet alcohol, linear C _{6 based on} fatty alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, Eutanol® G). -C ₂₂ fatty acid and esters of linear or branched _C 6 _{-C 22} fatty alcohols, or branched _C 6 _{-C 13} carboxylic acids and esters of linear or branched _C 6 _{-C 22} fatty alcohols, for example, Myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, myristyl isostearate, myristyl oleate, myristyl behenate, myristyl elcaate, cetyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, cetyl isostearate, cetyl oleate, behenic acid Cetyl, cetyl erucate, stearyl myristate, Stearyl lumate, stearyl stearate, stearyl isostearate, stearyl oleate, stearyl behenate, stearyl erucate, isostearyl myristate, isostearyl palmitate, isostearyl stearate, isostearyl isostearate, isostearyl oleate, behen Isostearyl acid, isostearyl oleate, oleyl myristate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl behenate, oleyl behenate, oleyl erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl stearate, isostearine Behenyl acid, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenyl erucate, erucyl myristate, erucyl palmitate Erucyl stearate, erucyl isostearate, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate and erucyl erucate. Also suitable are esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with branched chain alcohols (especially 2-ethylhexanol), C ₃ -C ₃₈ alkyl hydroxycarboxylic acids and linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols Esters (especially dioctyl maleate), esters of linear and / or branched chain fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (eg propylene glycol, diol dimers or triol trimers) and / or Gerber alcohols, C triglycerides mainly containing ₆ -C ₁₀ fatty _acids, C 6 _{-C 18} fatty acid liquid mono- / di- / triglyceride mixtures based _on, C 6 _{-C 22} fatty alcohols and / or gel bell alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids ( in particular esters of benzoic _{acid), C} 2 ~C ₁₂ dicarboxylic acids with 1 to 22 Of straight chain or branched chain alcohols having two or more carbon atoms or esters with 2 to 10 carbon atoms and polyols having 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, 1,3-dialkylcyclohexanes, etc. Linear and branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohol carbonates such as cyclohexane, dicaprylyl carbonate (Cetiol® CC), fatty alcohols having 6-18, preferably 8-10 carbon atoms. Gelbel carbonate as the main component, ester of benzoic acid and linear and / or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ alcohol (for example, Finsolv (registered trademark) TN), 6 to 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group Linear or branched symmetric or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers having dicaprylyl ether (Cetiol® OE Ring opening product of epoxidized fatty acid ester with polyol (Hydagen® HSP, Sovermol® 750, Sovermol® 1102), silicone oil (cyclomethicone, silicon methicone type, etc.) and / or Aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons such as mineral oil, squalane, squalene, or dialkylcyclohexane.

  Particular preference is given to triglycerides or mixtures of partial glycerides, particularly preferred are those of the general formula R—COOH in which R is 5 to 21 carbon atoms, preferably 5 to 19 carbons. Suitable are glycerides prepared by esterifying glycerol with fatty acids (saturated or unsaturated with atoms, representing branched or straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl groups). It is preferred to use a mixture of triglycerides and partial glycerides, and mixtures of partial glycerides (ie mono and / or diglycerides) are also suitable. More preferred are glycerides having only saturated fatty acid groups. Also preferred are glycerides whose fatty acids are derived from plant sources (eg coconut oil). In some cases, glycerides that are liquid at room temperature are preferred as the oil phase.

  Suitable silicone oils other than dimethylpolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane and cyclic silicone are amino-, fatty acid-, alcohol-, polyether-, epoxy-, fluoro-, glycoside- and / or alkyl-modified silicone compounds. They can be either liquid or resin at room temperature. Also suitable are simethicones, which are mixtures of dimethicones having an average chain length of 200 to 300 dimethylsiloxane units and silicon dioxide or hydrogenated silicates.

  Other suitable oily substances include polycarbonate. A particularly suitable polycarbonate is a copolymer available from Cognis (Germany) as a commercial product Cosmedia® DC (whose INCI name is hydrogenated dimer dilinolyl / dimethyl carbonate copolymer).

Similarly, dialkyl ethers, dialkyl carbonates, triglyceride mixtures, as well as esters of _C 8 _{-C 24} fatty acids and _C 8 _{-C 24} fatty alcohols, polycarbonates, and mixtures of these substances are suitable for the oily substance of the present invention. Dialkyl carbonates and dialkyl ethers can be symmetric or asymmetric, branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, and can be prepared by reactions well known in the prior art. According to the invention, it is preferred to use a mixture of oily substances comprising esters, dialkyl ethers and triglycerides.

According to the invention, it is possible in particular to employ hydrocarbons having a chain length of preferably 8 to 40 carbon atoms and liquid at 30 ° C., preferably 21 ° C. They can be branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated. Among them, branched chain saturated C _{8 to} C ₂₀ alkanes are suitable. It is possible to use mixtures as well as pure substances. Typically, the compound of interest is a mixture of various isomers. Compositions comprising alkanes having 10 to 30, preferably 12 to 20, more preferably 16 to 20 carbon atoms are optimal, among which the most optimal are based on the total amount of alkanes As a mixture of alkanes containing 10% by weight or more of branched chain alkanes. Preferably, the alkane of interest is a branched chain saturated alkane.

  In addition to the above components of water, emulsifier and oily substance, the dispersion of the present invention may further comprise an additional component which is typically a lubricant. Thus, on the one hand, cationic or amphoteric emulsifiers may be present, but besides the phospholipids, the dispersion may have additional emulsifiers and nonionic emulsifiers are suitable as possible. The combined use of an anionic emulsifier and / or a surfactant or soap is not preferred for the present invention. Alternatively suitable dispersions without such anionic surfactants or soaps are suitable.

  Typical examples of suitable nonionic emulsifiers are fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty acid polyglycol esters, fatty acid amide polyglycol ethers, aliphatic amine polyglycol ethers, alkoxylated triglycerides, mixed ethers or mixed formals, Preferred are partially oxidized alkyl (alkenyl) oligoglycosides or glucuronic acid derivatives, fatty acid N-alkyl glucamides, protein hydrolysates (especially wheat plant products), polyol fatty acid esters, sugar esters, among which Are sorbitan esters, polysorbates and amine oxides. If the nonionic surfactant comprises polyglycol ether chains, the chains may have a standard, but preferably narrow, homolog distribution.

  Particularly preferred emulsifiers are those of formula (I)

R ¹ O- [G] _p (I)

Wherein R ¹ is an alkyl and / or alkenyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar group having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and p is a number from 1 to 10. The alkyl (oligo) glycosides and ethoxylated sorbitan esters consistent with

  In the dispersions used in the present invention for anti-friction conveyor systems, it is further possible that additional components are usually present in themselves, which are biocides, antistatic agents, antifoaming agents or defoamers. Preferably selected from the group of foaming agents, thickeners, solubilizers, hydrotropes, pH adjusters, corrosion inhibitors, builder substances, complexing agents or preservatives. Preferably, however, the composition does not include a defoamer.

  Typically, the types of additives listed above are up to 10% by weight, preferably 0.01-5% by weight, in particular 0.1-3% of the total amount of the dispersion, based on the total amount of the dispersion. % Present. Preferably, the pH of the aqueous dispersion should be set to 6-8.

  Furthermore, it may be advantageous to use glycerol in addition to the above components. In that case, glycerol may preferably be present in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, in particular 1 to 5% by weight.

  Preferably, this use of the present invention relates to the anti-friction of a conveyor system whose surface is made of plastic and / or metal. Furthermore, the dispersion is used to lubricate containers, preferably glass or plastics, especially those of polyalkylene terephthalate (PET), or preferably glass or plastic bottles, especially those of PET. It is preferable to do this.

  The dispersions of the present invention may require similar compatible lubricants when the conveyor system transports food containers and when the conveyor system or containers are in direct contact with food. Have special advantages.

  The dispersion used in the present invention as a lubricant is preferably in the form of an aqueous emulsion. As mentioned above, these emulsions are supplied in concentrated form. The water content of such a concentrate is preferably 50% by weight or more. Particularly suitable are aqueous emulsions or dispersions containing more than 70% water and preferably more than 80% water. However, the emulsion may contain up to 90% by weight of water. The concentrate can then be diluted with water to the respective use concentration.

  One parameter specifying the dispersion or the particle size distribution of the dispersed particles is the Sauter diameter. Sauter diameter is defined as the diameter of a droplet having a ratio of droplet volume to droplet surface area, which is equivalent to the ratio generated as the average value of all dispersions.

  The Sauter diameter is mathematically defined as D [3,2].

Where s _i is the total surface area n _i πd ² _i of the particles in population i, and S is the total surface area of the entire population. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Sauter diameter d _3,2 of the dispersion is 400 nm or less, in particular 200 nm or less.

  The parameter that identifies the dispersion (especially the emulsion) or the particle size distribution of the dispersed particles is the width of the droplet size distribution. The width of the droplet size distribution is indicated by a quantity known as the BTV value.

d: droplet diameter d _3,90 : 90% of the volume of the dispersed phase is formed by droplets having d ≦ d _3,90 .
d _3,50 : 50% of the volume of the dispersed phase is formed by droplets having d ≦ d _3,50 .
d _3,10 : 10% of the volume of the dispersed phase is formed by droplets having d ≦ d _3,10 .

  The smaller the BTV figure, the narrower the droplet size distribution. Preferably, the dispersion according to the invention has a BTV value of 2 or less, in particular 1 or less.

The dispersion of the present invention is prepared by homogenizing the immiscible phase. Homogenization or dispersion is performed at a temperature suitable above room temperature (21 ° C.) and / or high pressure. If homogenization takes place at high temperature, the dispersion is again cooled to room temperature after the dispersing operation. In the dispersion method, homogenization means ultra-fine grinding of the dispersed phase of the coarse emulsion. In this case, for a liquid / liquid dispersion, the droplet size spectrum of the coarse emulsion shifts considerably in the direction of smaller droplets. Since the newly formed droplets are more stabilized and more easily pulverized because of the lower interfacial tension, the droplet pulverization creates a new phase interface that is completely covered by the emulsifier molecules. It must be occupied quickly. The dispersion of the present invention can be obtained by standard emulsification methods. One exemplary method of preparing the dispersions of the present invention is performed by combining an aqueous phase with a mixture comprising an emulsifier and a lipophilic phase, and an energy of 1 × 10 ⁵ to 2 × 10 ⁸ J / m ³ . Homogenization is performed on input.

  Using a homogenizer that includes a high pressure dispersion system such as a radial diffuser with a flat or knurled valve; for example, an opposed jet dispersion machine such as a microfluidizer (eg, a jet dispersion machine or a baffle system) It's okay. Further suitable dispersion systems include a rotor stator system, an ultrasound system, a ball mill or a diaphragm. When the high-pressure dispersion system is used as a homogenizer, the operation is carried out at a pressure of 50 to 2500 bar, preferably 200 to 800 bar, in particular 400 to 600 bar.

  In the case of emulsion preparation with a micromixer, a pressure range of 2 to 30 bar, preferably 5 to 20 bar, is standard. Micromixers have the advantage of producing a finely separated and narrow particle size distribution at low pressure, in a particularly gentle manner. In a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, this homogenization is performed by high pressure homogenization. The advantage of high pressure homogenization is that it is very easy to form small droplets with a very narrow particle size distribution, which is useful if you intend to prepare a low viscosity, phase stable dispersion. It is advantageous. Due to the performance advantages of emulsions prepared by high pressure homogenization, more and more attempts are being made in the cosmetic industry to use this type of homogenization method. Due to the fact that the new interface is formed at a special rate, the demands placed on the emulsifier and carrier phase are due to the fact that the emulsifier occupies the interface naturally and very quickly in order to ensure optimal phase stability. It is high.

  It may be advantageous to combine different emulsification methods in order to obtain finely divided dispersions having a unimodal and narrow particle size distribution, in particular BTV values of 2 or less. For example, a pre-dispersion can be prepared in a stirred vessel and then homogenized by one-pass dispersion through a rotor stator system and subsequent high pressure homogenizer. Here, one pass means the process of passing the entire contents of the container once from the homogenizer into another container. Compared to what is called a circulation mode, this process ensures that each component of the liquid passes through the homogenizer once. There are no remaining coarse emulsion droplets that can form the onset of dispersion failure.

  For the preliminary dispersion, it is preferred to use a rotor stator system. The rotor stator system is a toothed colloid mill or one or more rotors and stators with passage holes in the form of slots or cylinders or rectangular holes (eg Cavitron, Supraton, Siefer, Bran + Luebbe , IKA, Koruma, or Silverson type). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the homogenization step is performed twice or more.

  In one embodiment of the invention, the dispersions of the invention can be prepared by preparing concentrates and then diluting them with water. This is particularly advantageous in the case of dispersions having a low final lipophilic phase concentration.

  The dispersions of the present invention are much more stable on storage than other known emulsions of the prior art. Preferably they take the form of an amine-free composition.

  Finally, the present invention reduces belt conveyors and conveyor systems by diluting the composition with water as described above and then applying the diluted composition to a belt conveyor or conveyor system that can be lubricated. A method of polishing is provided, and the application is preferably performed by spray coating.

  Two inventive emulsions were prepared and tested for their anti-friction effect.

1. Emulsion Preparation Seven inventive emulsions were prepared by mixing in a high pressure homogenizer. The droplet size of the oil phase of the emulsion is <0.3 μm with an average value of 0.104 μm and a median value of 0.102 μm. The resulting d value (more precisely, d _3,90 value) shows how 90% of the volume of the dispersed (emulsified) phase is formed by droplets having a diameter of d _3,90 or less. Show.

  The particle size distribution is determined according to the instruction manual (1994), the optical model emulsion rfd. Measured with a Beckmann Coulter LS 230 instrument using PIDS. Water was used as the measurement medium. The particle size is measured immediately after preparation of the dispersion. The dispersion was measured at each low concentration condition according to the instrument manufacturer's instructions. That is, the dispersion was placed in distilled water while stirring until the saturation concentration specific to the instrument was displayed on the instrument.

  The table below shows the composition of the emulsion (numbers are% by weight). The following raw materials were used. Leciprime 1800 IP from Cargill as soy lecithin; Cegesoft FR57, Myritol 312 and Myritol 331 from Cognis as glyceride mixture; Tween 80 and Tween 60 as ethoxylated sorbitan monostearic acid; Uniphen P-23 as preservative.

2. Performance Testing Compositions 6 and 7 of the present invention were tested in comparison to the following formulations 8 and 9 which represent the prior art. Composition 9 is not an emulsion because it is an aqueous suspension of solids.

Composition 8
47.0% by weight of water
Isopropanol 10.0% by weight
Emulsifier (Glucopon 600 UP) 18.0% by weight
Oleic acid 15.0% by weight
KOH (45%) 6.0% by weight
Monoethanolamine 4.0% by weight

Composition 9
Water 91.23% by weight
Cetyl palmitate 4.44% by weight
Glyceryl stearate 0.33% by weight
Ethoxylated behenyl alcohol (10EO) 1.33% by weight
Preservative 2.0% by weight

2.1 Test of storage stability at 40 ° C. These compositions were stored at a constant temperature of 40 ° C. One week later, a visual evaluation was made as to whether phase separation occurred. In comparison to comparative formulation 9, compositions 6 and 7 were tested relatively.

2.2 Anti-friction experiment The effect of compositions 6 and 7 on anti-friction action is tested in comparison with comparative formulations 8 and 9. The table below shows the results of an anti-friction experiment performed with a lubricant concentration of 500 ppm, ie a dilute solution.

^* DH = German hardness measurement table shows the coefficient of friction. Abbreviations have the following meanings:
++: considerably better than the comparative formulation.
+: Better than comparative formulation.
0: Equivalent to comparative formulation.

2.3 Material compatibility Material compatibility was measured using the method described below. Within the range of actual potential contacts, the PET (PET) bottle under evaluation is immersed in the concentrate under evaluation (eg, chain lubricant) and then exposed to CO ₂ . Rinse concentrate with water after specified exposure period. As soon as the bottles are dry, inspect them. Specifically, the test was performed as follows.
1. Nine plastic bottles are tested per product.
2. First, fill the bottle with water to a point 2-3 cm below the edge of the bottle.
3. The bottle body is then immersed for 5 seconds at a depth of about 5 cm of concentrated lubricant (bottle body is completely moistened).
4). Excess lubricant is dripped from the bottle barrel (about 10 seconds).
5. The bottle by closing the tap, lead to a coupling in the form of a connecting portion mounted to the upper, and joined to CO ₂ connection.
6). The pressure reducing valve is set to Δp = 7.5 and the internal pressure of the PET bottle is gently (about 30 seconds) to Δp = 7.5 bar.
7). Until CO ₂ is no longer dissolve anymore, continued exposure to CO ₂ by shaking the bottle.
8). The bottle is stored for 72 hours at room temperature under a low pressure of Δp = 7.5 bar ± 0.2 bar.
9. Gently (approx. 30 seconds) vent to Δp = 0 bar.
10. Empty the bottle and rinse with water.

  Three bottles tested in the same way as the developed chain lubricant were used as reference. This evaluation was performed by visually evaluating the bottle body for leaks, stress cracks and haze. This means distinguishing between 4 or 5 categories and 3 zones.

  Compositions 6 and 7 show little or no damage other than the surface area and are therefore classified as being compatible with PET materials.

Claims (21)

  Use of a dispersion comprising a lipophilic phase and an aqueous phase as a lubricant, preferably as a conveyor system lubricant, characterized in that phospholipids are present as emulsifiers.   Use according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersion is in the form of an emulsion, in particular an oil-in-water (O / W) or water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion.   The lipophilic phase of the dispersion is glycerol and a general formula R—COOH, where R is a saturated or unsaturated, branched or straight chain alkyl containing 5 to 21 carbon atoms, preferably 5 to 19 carbon atoms. 3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises partial esters and / or complete esters with fatty acids (or alkenyl groups).   4. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further characterized in that the lipophilic phase comprises glycerol.   Use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that lecithin, preferably soy lecithin, is selected as phospholipid.   6. The dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion has an average droplet size of 0.3 to 0.05 [mu] m, preferably 0.2 to 0.08 [mu] m, in particular 0.15 to 0.1 [mu] m. Use according to 1. 7. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the dispersion uses a dispersion having a Sauter diameter d3 _{; 2} of less than 400 nm, preferably less than 200 nm.   8. A lipophilic phase comprising from 0.1 to 50% by weight of the dispersion, preferably from 0.5 to 25% by weight, in particular from 1.0% to 15% by weight. Use according to 1.   Phospholipids are present in the dispersion from 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 8% by weight, in particular from 0.5 to 5% by weight, preferably from 1.0 to 3.0% by weight. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 8.   10. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion comprises more than 70% water, preferably more than 80% water.   11. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that not only phospholipids but also additional emulsifiers are present in the dispersion.   12. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the dispersion further comprises a surfactant.   Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant is selected from the group of nonionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactants.   14. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a dispersion containing no anionic surfactant and / or soap is used.   Furthermore, the dispersion is preferably from the group of biocides, antistatic agents, antifoaming agents, thickeners, solubilizers, hydrotropes, pH adjusting agents, corrosion inhibitors, builder substances, complexing agents or preservatives. 15. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it comprises additional components that are selected.   Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion is used to lubricate a conveyor system having a surface composed of plastic and / or metal.   17. A dispersion according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion is used to lubricate a conveyor system that transports containers, preferably glass or plastic containers, more preferably glass or plastic bottles. Use as described in section.   18. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion is used to lubricate a conveyor system that will be in direct contact with food.   Use according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispersion is first diluted with water and then used as a lubricant.   20. Use according to claim 19, characterized in that the diluted composition comprises 0.001 to 15% by weight of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15.   A method of lubricating a belt conveyor, comprising diluting the composition of any one of claims 1 to 15 with water and then applying it to the belt conveyor.