JP2010205762A - Tracking type photovoltaic power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

A tracking type solar power generation apparatus capable of reducing an installation space is obtained.
A tracking solar power generation apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of rotating / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c that extend in the north-south direction and are spaced from each other in the east-west direction. Drive means 3 provided at the ends of the rotation / movement shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... For tracking and rotating the rotation / movement axis along the azimuth angle of the sun and moving in the axial direction, The rotary / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Are provided with a solar cell panel 2 provided at intervals, and the rotating / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,. The shadow produced by the solar cell panel 2 is reduced from reaching the solar cell panels 2 adjacent in the east-west direction.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a tracking type solar power generation device that tracks a solar azimuth and rotates a solar cell panel.

In order to deal with environmental problems such as an increase in CO ₂ and resource problems, tracking solar power generation devices that use solar energy have been actively developed.
A part of the energy required by using the rooftop and roof of the building to obtain electric power is used as an auxiliary, but in order to obtain more power generation, a large-scale site is set up and the tracking type is used. The construction of solar power generation equipment has also started to supply power-level energy.

The sun moves 180 ° from sunrise to sunset, and its altitude (declination) changes depending on the season.
In this case, the solar cell panel (hereinafter abbreviated as “panel”) has a constant inclination angle with respect to the ground surface throughout the year, so that the direction of sunlight according to the daytime and season varies. Power generation efficiency is poor.
In order to eliminate such inconvenience, the tracking solar power generation apparatus with a solar tracking function has an azimuth axis that drives the light receiving surface of the panel to track along the azimuth from sunrise to sunset, A so-called single-axis tracking type solar photovoltaic power generation apparatus and a so-called two-axis tracking type system that has an inclination angle axis that drives to follow declination that changes according to the four seasons together with this azimuth angle axis are known. ing.
In these tracking solar power generation devices, a large amount of power generation can be obtained by increasing the panel area, but increasing the panel size is restricted in terms of strength and cost. From, it consists of a plurality of panels.

For example, the tracking type solar power generation device described in Patent Document 1 below is the above-described single-axis tracking method, and an electric jack as a power source is linearly driven on the back side of the panel, and the panel is rotated around the axis. It is something to be made.
In the case of this solar power generation device, the number of panels increases as the power generation scale increases, and accordingly, a power source to be driven for each panel must be attached to the back side of the panel, which increases the cost. There was a point.

On the other hand, the tracking type photovoltaic power generation apparatus described in Patent Document 2 below is designed to reduce the cost by connecting each panel with a rotating shaft and moving the rotating shaft with one power source. Is.
However, in the case of this tracking type solar power generation device, it is a uniaxial tracking system, and when this tracking type solar power generation device is provided with a mechanism that follows declination that changes according to the four seasons, About a square axis, it had to install for every panel, and there existed a problem that cost increased.

On the other hand, the tracking type solar power generation device described in Patent Document 3 below is a solar power generation device of the above-described biaxial tracking type, and is connected to each other on a turntable, and has a support base on which a panel is individually installed. It is possible to change the inclination angle of each panel at the same time by transferring each support base on the turntable in one direction with one drive source, and the cost can be reduced.
However, in the case of this two-axis tracking type solar power generation device, it is possible to move each support base in one direction on the turntable in order to change the tilt angle while avoiding the shadow of the panel itself due to sunlight. There is a problem in that a large space is required and the installation space increases.

JP 2007-258357 A US Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0238025 JP-A-3-145168

In any of the tracking solar power generation apparatuses described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, as described above, there are problems in terms of cost and installation space, and shadows caused by the panel itself are adjacent. In order to avoid as much as possible, it is necessary to increase the interval between adjacent panels, and the installation space from that point increases.
FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram thereof, and a number of fuels are provided on each of a plurality of rotating shafts 31a, 31b, 31c extending in the north-south direction and spaced in the east-west direction with a spacing in the north-south direction. A battery panel 2 (hereinafter abbreviated as a panel) is attached, and the rotation shafts 31a, 31b, and 31c are rotated along the azimuth angle of the sun.

In the case of this tracking type solar power generation apparatus, as shown in FIG. 27, the shadow 8 generated in the east-west direction greatly extends during the sunrise and sunset times.
In the daytime, the shadow 8 generated by the panel 2 extends in the north-south direction.
Therefore, the shadow 8 of the panel 2 extends to the panel 2 adjacent to each other in the east-west direction and the north-south direction, and in order to minimize the influence of the shadow 8, it is adjacent to the east-west direction and the north-south direction, respectively. There was a problem that the distance between the panels 2 had to be increased, and a vast site space was required.

In addition, the solar altitude is low during sunrise and sunset, the shadow 8 extends greatly in the east-west direction, and since the area of the shadow 8 moves throughout the year, the shadow 8 is completely on the adjacent panel 2. It is almost impossible to keep out.
Therefore, even if the shadow 8 reaches, it is desirable to arrange the panel 2 so that the shadow 8 reaches the panel 2 in the sunrise and sunset time zones where the solar radiation intensity is weak.

Moreover, the location where the shadow 8 hits the panel 2 as well as the size of the area that the shadow 8 has on the panel 2 and the time zone also affect the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus.
In FIG. 28 and FIG. 29, the shadow 8 falls on the cell 19 near the bypass diode 18 of the panel 2, but the resistance of the column of the cell 19 increases, and the current flows in the bypass, so that the cell of the column Nineteen generations cannot be obtained.
The area of the shadow 8 in FIGS. 28 and 29 is approximately the same, but the panel 2 in FIG. 28 has more shadows 8 in the columns of cells 19 than the panel 2 in FIG. It has fallen (3 rows in FIG. 28, 2 rows in FIG. 29).
Therefore, the panel 2 in FIG. 28 generates more cells 19 that cannot be used effectively than the panel 2 in FIG. 29, and the position of the shadow 8 on the panel 2 also affects the power generation capacity. Effect.
Regarding the tracking type solar power generation devices described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 above, no specific means for the position of the shadow 8 on the adjacent panel is taken, and there is a problem that the panel power generation capacity is so low. there were.

  The present invention has an object to solve the above-described problems, and a tracking type solar power generation device that can reduce the installation space and improve the power generation capacity is provided. The purpose is to obtain.

The tracking solar power generation apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of rotating / moving shafts extending in the north-south direction and arranged at intervals in the east-west direction, and provided at the ends of the rotating / moving shafts. A driving means for tracking and rotating the moving axis along the azimuth angle of the sun and moving in the axial direction, and a solar cell panel provided with an interval between the rotating and moving axes.
The rotating / moving shaft is moved in the axial direction by driving of the driving means, and the shadow produced by the solar cell panel is reduced from reaching the solar cell panels adjacent in the east-west direction.

  According to the tracking type solar power generation apparatus according to the present invention, the rotation / movement shaft is moved in the axial direction by driving of the driving means, and the shadow generated by the solar cell panel extends to the solar cell panel adjacent in the east-west direction. Therefore, the distance between adjacent rotation / movement axes can be reduced, and the installation space can be reduced.

It is a perspective view which shows the tracking type solar power generation device of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a principal part perspective view of FIG. It is the figure before rotation of the rotation and movement axis | shaft of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after rotation of the rotation and movement axis | shaft of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure before the movement of a rotation and a movement axis of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after the movement of the rotation and a movement axis of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure before rotation of the panel of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after rotation of the panel of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is a figure which shows one usage condition of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is a figure which shows the other usage condition of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is a figure which shows the further another usage condition of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is a principal part perspective view which shows the tracking type solar power generation device of Embodiment 2 of this invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram of the tracking solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after rotation of the rotation and movement axis | shaft of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is a figure before the movement of a rotation and a movement axis of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after the movement of the rotation and a movement axis of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the tracking type solar power generation device of Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a principal part perspective view of FIG. It is the figure before rotation of the rotation and movement axis | shaft of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after rotation of the rotation and movement axis | shaft of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure before the movement of a rotation and a movement axis | shaft of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after the movement of a rotation and a movement axis of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure before the inclination of the panel of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after the inclination of the panel of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure before rotation of the panel of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is the figure after rotation of the panel of the tracking type solar power generation device of FIG. It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the panel of the conventional tracking type solar power generation device. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example which a shadow exerts on the panel near a bypass diode. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example which a shadow exerts on the panel near a bypass diode.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent members and parts will be described with the same reference numerals.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a uniaxial tracking type solar power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the tracking type solar power generation apparatus of FIG.
In this tracking solar power generation apparatus, a plurality of rotating / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Are arranged extending in the north-south direction and equally spaced in the east-west direction. Each of the rotating / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Is provided with a rectangular solar cell panel (hereinafter abbreviated as a panel) 2 at equal intervals. One end of each of the rotation / movement shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Is provided with a drive means 3 that is a drive source for rotating the rotation / movement shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,. It has been.
The drive means 3 is connected to the rotation / movement shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... In the case, and a rotation motor (not shown) for rotating the rotation / movement shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,. A moving motor (not shown) that is connected to the moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... And moves the rotating / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,.

Each rotary / moving shaft 1a, 1b, 1c,... Is supported by a bearing 5 on the head of the inverted V-shaped base 4 arranged at equal intervals so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction. Yes.
A bearing 7 is erected at the center of the back surface of each panel 2. The bearing 7 rotatably supports a rotating shaft (not shown) connected to a drive motor 6 provided on the back side of the panel 2, and the rotation of the rotating shaft causes the light receiving surface of the panel 2 to be rotated. The panel 2 rotates around a normal line (a line extending vertically from the center point).

In the tracking type solar power generation apparatus having the above-described configuration, the rotation / movement shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Are rotated by driving the rotary motors of the driving means 3, and the panel 2 is shown in FIGS. In this way, the direction of the light receiving surface is changed to track the azimuth from sunrise to sunset.
Further, the rotation / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Are moved in the axial direction by driving of the moving motor of the driving means 3, and the panel 2 is moved from the position shown in FIG. Move to position.
Further, by driving the drive motor 6, the panel 2 rotates around the normal line of the light receiving surface of the panel 2 and rotates as shown in FIGS. 7 to 8.

In the tracking type solar power generation apparatus of this embodiment, the rotation / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Are moved in the axial direction by driving the moving motor of the driving means 3 so that they are adjacent in the east-west direction. Interference of the shadows 8 extending in the east-west direction by the panels 2 between the panels 2 can be reduced.
FIG. 9 shows a situation at the time of sunrise and sunset in the use example of this tracking type solar power generation apparatus, and the shadow 8 extending in the east-west direction by the panel 2 becomes the longest at this time. However, each shadow 8 extends toward the space between the panels 2 adjacent in the east-west direction, and interference with the panels 2 adjacent in the east-west direction is reduced.
Further, as the sun moves, the rotation / movement axes 1a, 1b, 1c,... Rotate to follow the sun, but the length and direction of the shadow 8 generated by the panel 2 change with the rotation. Each rotating / moving shaft 1a, 1b, 1c,... Moves in the axial direction by driving the moving motor of the driving means 3 according to this change, and the interference of the shadow 8 with the panel 2 adjacent in the east-west direction is reduced. The
Note that the rotation and movement of each of the rotation / movement axes 1a, 1b, 1c,.

In this way, by moving the rotation / movement axes 1a, 1b, 1c,... In the axial direction, interference of the shadow 8 with the panel 2 adjacent in the east-west direction is reduced. The space | interval between axis | shaft 1a, 1b, 1c ... can be made small, and the installation space of a tracking type solar power generation device can be made small.
Further, in the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to this embodiment, the amount of power generation increases as much as the interference of the shadow 8 is reduced.
Further, a plurality of rotating / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Attached to the rotating / moving shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,. Since the panel 2 is rotated and moved at a time, the panel 2 is rapidly rotated and moved, and there are effects that the number of motors is reduced, manufacturing costs are reduced, and maintenance is reduced.

FIG. 10 shows the situation at sunrise and sunset time in another example of use of this tracking type solar power generation device. Each drive center of the light receiving surface of the panel 2 is driven by the drive motor 6. The point which rotated the panel 2 90 degrees differs from the example shown in FIG.
Others are the same as the example of use in FIG. 9, and during the day, each rotation / movement axis 1a, 1b, 1c... Rotates and moves, but the rotation of each panel 2 around the normal is do not do.
In this example, as in the example shown in FIG. 9, the interference of the shadow 8A to the panel 2 adjacent in the east-west direction is reduced by moving in the axial direction of each of the rotation / movement axes 1a, 1b, 1c,. Is done.
The shadow 8A has the same area as the shadow 8 shown in FIG. 9, but the distance between adjacent panels 2 in the north-south direction must be increased by the length of the panel 2 in the north-south direction. Although not necessary, the distance between the rotation / movement shafts 1a, 1b, 1c,... Adjacent to each other in the east-west direction can be reduced, and the installation space required as a whole can be reduced.

FIG. 11 shows still another usage example of this tracking type solar power generation device. In this usage example, the normal line of the light receiving surface of the panel 2 is set by driving the drive motor 6 from sunrise to sunset. The panel 2 also rotates intermittently as a center.
This drive motor 6 is drive-controlled so as to control the area where the shadow 8B hits the adjacent panel 2.
Others are the same as the usage example of FIG.
FIG. 11 also shows a comparative example in which the panel 2 is positioned so that the axes of the rotation / movement axes 1a and 1c and the diagonal lines of the panel 2 overlap.
In this example, the midpoint of the side of the panel 2 is positioned on the axis of the rotation / movement axis 1b due to the rotation of the panel 2 at noon.
The shadow 8B generated by this example is shorter than the shadow 8C of the comparative example, and the shadow extending in the north-south direction is shorter, and the distance between the panels 2 adjacent in the north-south direction can be reduced accordingly.
Further, even when the shadow 8B reaches the adjacent panel 2, the panel 2 is driven and controlled so that the shadow 8B reaches the region where the decrease in power generation capacity is low.

  In this usage example, the installation space can be reduced, and the drive of the drive motor 6 causes the panel 2 to rotate intermittently about the normal line of the light receiving surface of the panel 2, thereby causing a shadow that hits the adjacent panel 2. The position of 8B can be controlled, and the power generation capacity can be improved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a main part of a tracking solar power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In this tracking type solar power generation apparatus, the panels 2 are fixed at equal intervals to a plurality of rotating / moving shafts 11a extending in the north-south direction and equally spaced in the east-west direction. Unlike the tracking type solar power generation apparatus of the first embodiment, the driving motor 6 for rotating the panel 2 is not provided.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

In the tracking type solar power generation apparatus having the above-described configuration, the panel 2 is rotated as shown in FIGS. 13 to 14 by rotating the rotary / moving shafts 11a... The direction of the light receiving surface of the panel 2 changes, and tracking is performed along the azimuth angle from the sunrise of the sun to the sunset.
Also, as shown in FIGS. 15 to 16, the position of the panel 2 is moved in the north-south horizontal direction by driving the moving motor of the driving means 3, and the interference of the shadow 8 with the panel 2 adjacent in the east-west direction by the panel 2 is Reduced.

  In this embodiment, as compared with the tracking type solar power generation apparatus of the first embodiment, the adjacent panel 2 is not provided with the function of rotating the panel 2 around the normal line of the light receiving surface of the panel 2. Although the position of the shadow that hits can not be controlled, other actions and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 17 is an overall configuration diagram showing a tracking type solar power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a main part of FIG.
In this tracking type solar power generation device, each of the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,... Can be rotated and rotated by a bearing 5 on the head of the inverted V-shaped base 4 arranged at equal intervals. It is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction.
Each rotating / moving shaft 21a, 21b, 21c,... Is formed with a shaft body 9 inserted into the bearing 5 and a flat panel support 10 formed between the shaft bodies 9. A first lever 11 is provided between the panel support portion 10 and the bearing 7. One end of the first lever 11 is supported by the panel support 10 so as to be rotatable at the first fulcrum 12, and the other end is supported by the bearing 7 so as to be rotatable at the second fulcrum 13.

In addition, an inclination angle changing shaft 14 that rotates in synchronization with the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,... Along with the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,. The inclination angle changing shaft 14 penetrates the shaft body 9 so as to be movable in the axial direction. A second lever 15 is provided between the tilt angle changing shaft 14 and the bearing 7. One end of the second lever 15 is supported by the tilt angle changing shaft 14 so as to be rotatable at the third fulcrum 16, and the other end is supported by the bearing 7 so as to be rotatable at the second fulcrum 13. .
Here, the first lever 11 and the second lever 15 constitute an inclination angle changing mechanism, and by this inclination angle changing mechanism, the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,... By the relative movement with respect to the shaft 14, the inclination angle of the panel 2 with respect to the north-south direction can be changed.
One end of each of the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,..., And the inclination angle changing shaft 14 is connected to the driving means 17.
In this driving means 17, the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,... And the inclination angle changing shaft 14 are rotated in synchronization with each other, and the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b. , 21c,... And a tilting angle changing shaft 14, and rotation / moving shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,..., A moving motor (not shown) for moving the tilting angle changing shaft 14 in the axial direction. A switching mechanism for switching the driving force from the moving motor to be transmitted to the rotation / moving shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,... Or the tilt angle changing shaft 14 is housed in the case.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Of course, the switching mechanism may be eliminated and a rotation / movement shaft 21a, 21b, 21c,..., And a moving motor for moving the tilt angle changing shaft 14 in the axial direction may be provided.

In the tracking type solar power generation apparatus having the above-described configuration, the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,... 19 to FIG. 20, by changing the direction of the light receiving surface, tracking is performed along the azimuth angle from the sunrise of the sun to the sunset.
Further, the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,... Are moved in the axial direction by driving of the moving motor of the driving means 17, and the panel 2 is moved from the position shown in FIG. Move to position.

Further, the tilt angle changing shaft 14 is moved in the axial direction by the drive of the moving motor of each driving means 17, and along with this movement, the first lever 11 rotates around the first fulcrum 12, The second lever 15 rotates around the second fulcrum 13 and the distance between the first fulcrum 12 and the third fulcrum 16 increases. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 23 to 24, the panel 2 can track the change of declination that changes according to the four seasons by changing the inclination angle with respect to the north-south direction.
Further, by driving the drive motor 6, the panel 2 rotates around the normal line of the light receiving surface of the panel 2 and rotates as shown in FIGS. 25 to 26.

In this embodiment, the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c and the inclination angle changing shaft 14 arranged in parallel to the rotation / movement shafts 21a, 21b, 21c are relatively moved in the axial direction. Since the inclination angle of the panel 2 with respect to the north-south direction can be changed with a simple configuration, it becomes possible to track the change in declination that changes according to the four seasons, and the light-receiving surface of the panel 2 in a direction perpendicular to the sun Therefore, the power generation capacity is increased as compared with the first and second embodiments.
In addition, each panel 2 attached to each rotation / movement shaft 21a, 21b, 21c can change the inclination angle at the same time in each rotation / movement axis 21a, 21b, 21c, and the change of the inclination angle can be made quickly. It can be carried out.
In addition, a common moving motor is used to move the rotation / moving shafts 21a, 21b, 21c,... And the tilt angle changing shaft 14 in the axial direction, thereby reducing the number of motors and reducing manufacturing costs. In addition, there is an effect that maintenance is reduced.
Other functions and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  1 a, 1 b, 1 c, 11 a, 11 b, 11 c, 21 a, 21 b, 21 c Rotating / moving shaft, 2 solar cell panel, 3, 17 drive means, 4 base, 5 bearing, 6 drive motor, 7 bearing, 8, 8A, 8B, 8C Shadow, 9-axis body, 10 Panel support, 11 First bar, 12 First fulcrum, 13 Second fulcrum, 14 Inclination angle changing shaft, 15 Second lever, 16 Third fulcrum .

Claims (5)

A plurality of rotation / movement axes extending in the north-south direction and spaced apart in the east-west direction;
Drive means provided at the end of the rotation / movement axis, tracking and rotating the rotation / movement axis along the azimuth angle of the sun, and moving in the axial direction;
A solar cell panel provided with an interval between each of the rotating / moving shafts,
The rotating / moving shaft is moved in the axial direction by driving of the driving means, and the shadow produced by the solar cell panel is reduced from reaching an adjacent solar cell panel in the east-west direction. Solar power generator.   The tracking type solar power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular solar cell panel is provided with a drive motor that rotates about a normal to the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel.   The tracking type solar power generation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the drive motor is drive-controlled so as to control a region where the shadow hits the adjacent solar cell panel. A tilt angle changing shaft provided side by side with the rotation / movement axis and rotating in synchronization with the rotation / movement axis;
A moving motor that is provided at the end of the tilt angle changing shaft and moves the tilt angle changing shaft in the axial direction;
2. An inclination angle changing mechanism that makes it possible to change the inclination angle of the solar cell panel with respect to the north-south direction by relative movement between the rotation / movement axis and the inclination angle changing axis. 4. The tracking type solar power generation device according to any one of 3 above.   The drive means transmits the rotation / movement shaft to the rotation / movement shaft or the tilt angle changing shaft, which is shared with the movement motor and moves the rotation / movement shaft in the axial direction. The tracking type solar power generation apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a switching mechanism for switching the power supply to switch.

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