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JP2010203281A - Egr control device - Google Patents

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JP2010203281A
JP2010203281A JP2009047805A JP2009047805A JP2010203281A JP 2010203281 A JP2010203281 A JP 2010203281A JP 2009047805 A JP2009047805 A JP 2009047805A JP 2009047805 A JP2009047805 A JP 2009047805A JP 2010203281 A JP2010203281 A JP 2010203281A
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egr
oxygen concentration
intake
exhaust
passage
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Tetsuya Niiguchi
哲也 新口
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Bosch Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) control device accurately estimating an EGR rate without using an exhaust gas flow rate sensor. <P>SOLUTION: The EGR control device for controlling an EGR device includes an EGR passage providing communication between an intake air passage and an exhaust gas passage of an internal combustion engine and recirculating part of exhaust gas into the intake air passage, and an EGR valve disposed in the EGR passage and adjusting recirculation quantity of exhaust gas. The EGR control device includes an intake air oxygen concentration detection part detecting intake air oxygen concentration which is oxygen concentration in intake air supplied to an internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas oxygen concentration detection part detecting exhaust gas oxygen concentration which is oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, and an EGR rate operation part calculating EGR rate which is a ratio of exhaust gas in intake air based on intake air oxygen concentration, exhaust gas oxygen concentration, and fresh air oxygen concentration which is oxygen concentration in suction air newly taken into the intake air passage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、内燃機関からの排気の還流量を制御するＥＧＲ制御装置に関し、特に、排気流量センサを用いることなくＥＧＲ率を算出するＥＧＲ制御装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an EGR control device that controls the recirculation amount of exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an EGR control device that calculates an EGR rate without using an exhaust flow sensor.

従来、内燃機関から排出される排気ガス中の窒素酸化物（ＮＯX）を低減させるために、排気通路を流れる排気ガスの一部を、吸入空気が流れる吸気通路内に還流させる排気再循環（ＥＧＲ:Exhaust Gas Recirculation）制御が行われている。このＥＧＲ制御は、内燃機関の吸気通路と排気通路との間にこれらを連通するＥＧＲ通路を設けるとともに、このＥＧＲ通路にＥＧＲ弁を設け、還流される排気（以下、「ＥＧＲガス」と称する。）の流量であるＥＧＲ流量や、内燃機関に流入する吸気に占めるＥＧＲガスの割合であるＥＧＲ率が目標値になるように、ＥＧＲ弁の開度をフィードバック制御することで行われる。そのため、ＥＧＲ制御においては、ＥＧＲ流量やＥＧＲ率を精度良く算出できることが望まれる。 Conventionally, in order to reduce the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine (NO X), the exhaust gas recirculation of part of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage, is refluxed to the intake passage intake air flow ( EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) control is performed. In this EGR control, an EGR passage that connects the intake passage and the exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine is provided, and an EGR valve is provided in the EGR passage to return the exhaust gas (hereinafter referred to as “EGR gas”). ), And the EGR valve opening degree is feedback-controlled so that the EGR rate, which is the ratio of EGR gas in the intake air flowing into the internal combustion engine, becomes the target value. Therefore, in EGR control, it is desired that the EGR flow rate and the EGR rate can be accurately calculated.

これらのＥＧＲ流量やＥＧＲ率を算出するにあたり、例えば、吸気通路及びＥＧＲ通路それぞれにエアマスセンサや排気流量センサを設け、これらのセンサの測定値からＥＧＲ流量やＥＧＲ率を求めることが考えられる。しかしながら、ＥＧＲガスには多量のすす等が含まれており、排気流量センサにこのすす等が付着すると排気流量センサが劣化しやすいため、算出されるＥＧＲ流量やＥＧＲ率の精度が低くなるおそれがある。   In calculating these EGR flow rate and EGR rate, for example, it is conceivable to provide an air mass sensor and an exhaust flow rate sensor in each of the intake passage and the EGR passage, and obtain the EGR flow rate and EGR rate from the measured values of these sensors. However, the EGR gas contains a large amount of soot and the like, and if this soot or the like adheres to the exhaust flow sensor, the exhaust flow sensor is likely to deteriorate, so the accuracy of the calculated EGR flow rate or EGR rate may be lowered. is there.

そこで、ＥＧＲ流量やＥＧＲ率を演算によって推定する技術が提案されている。例えば、ＥＧＲ弁の前後差圧とＥＧＲ弁の開度とに基づいて、ＥＧＲ流量を推定するＥＧＲ装置が開示されている（特許文献１参照）。また、ＥＧＲガスが混入した吸気の酸素濃度を酸素センサにより検出し、検出された酸素濃度に基づいてＥＧＲ率を算出するＥＧＲ装置が開示されている（特許文献２参照）。   Therefore, a technique for estimating the EGR flow rate and the EGR rate by calculation has been proposed. For example, an EGR device that estimates an EGR flow rate based on the differential pressure across the EGR valve and the opening degree of the EGR valve is disclosed (see Patent Document 1). Further, an EGR device is disclosed that detects the oxygen concentration of intake air mixed with EGR gas with an oxygen sensor and calculates the EGR rate based on the detected oxygen concentration (see Patent Document 2).

特開２００１−２８０２０２号（全文、全図）Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-280202 (full text, full figure) 特開平５−１８３２４号（全文、全図）Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-18324 (full text, full figure)

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載のＥＧＲ装置では、ＥＧＲ弁の開度が全開に近いときにはＥＧＲ弁の前後差圧が生じない一方、ＥＧＲ弁の開度が極めて小さいときには検出されるＥＧＲ弁の前後差圧が不正確になるおそれが高く、精度良くＥＧＲ流量を算出することができないおそれがある。   However, in the EGR device described in Patent Document 1, there is no differential pressure across the EGR valve when the opening of the EGR valve is almost fully open, while the differential between the front and rear of the EGR valve detected when the opening of the EGR valve is extremely small. The pressure is likely to be inaccurate, and the EGR flow rate may not be accurately calculated.

また、特許文献２に記載のＥＧＲ装置は、吸気中の酸素濃度のみに基づいてＥＧＲ率を求めるものであり、吸気中の酸素濃度がＥＧＲ流量のみに依存して変動する前提の下に成り立っている。この特許文献２に記載のＥＧＲ装置は、内燃機関での燃料と酸素との比である空燃比が理論空燃比で燃焼するガソリンエンジンであれば適用範囲が広い一方、空燃比が変動するディーゼルエンジン等においては、ＥＧＲガス中の酸素濃度が変動し得るために、ＥＧＲ率を精度良く求めることが困難である。   Further, the EGR device described in Patent Document 2 obtains an EGR rate based only on the oxygen concentration in the intake air, and is based on the assumption that the oxygen concentration in the intake air fluctuates depending only on the EGR flow rate. Yes. The EGR device described in Patent Document 2 is a diesel engine in which the application range is wide while the air-fuel ratio burns at a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, which is the ratio of fuel to oxygen in the internal combustion engine, while the air-fuel ratio varies. In such cases, it is difficult to obtain the EGR rate with high accuracy because the oxygen concentration in the EGR gas may fluctuate.

そこで、本発明の発明者は鋭意努力し、ＥＧＲ制御装置が、ＥＧＲ率の演算に、吸気中の酸素濃度と、排気中の酸素濃度と、吸入空気中の酸素濃度とを用いることにより、このような問題を解決できることを見出し、本発明を完成させたものである。すなわち、本発明は、排気流量センサを用いることなく、ＥＧＲ率を精度良く推定することができるＥＧＲ制御装置を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have made diligent efforts, and the EGR controller uses the oxygen concentration in the intake air, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and the oxygen concentration in the intake air for calculating the EGR rate. The present invention has been completed by finding that such problems can be solved. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an EGR control device that can accurately estimate an EGR rate without using an exhaust flow sensor.

本発明によれば、内燃機関の吸気通路と排気通路とを連通し排気の一部を吸気通路内に還流させるＥＧＲ通路と、ＥＧＲ通路に設けられ排気の還流量を調節するＥＧＲ弁と、を備えたＥＧＲ装置を制御するためのＥＧＲ制御装置において、内燃機関に供給される吸気中の酸素濃度である吸気酸素濃度を検出する吸気酸素濃度検出部と、排気中の酸素濃度である排気酸素濃度を検出する排気酸素濃度検出部と、吸気酸素濃度、排気酸素濃度、及び吸気通路に新たに取り入れる吸入空気中の酸素濃度である新気酸素濃度に基づいて、吸気中の排気の比率であるＥＧＲ率を算出するＥＧＲ率演算部と、を備えることを特徴とするＥＧＲ制御装置が提供され、上述した問題が解決される。   According to the present invention, an EGR passage that connects an intake passage and an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine to recirculate part of the exhaust gas into the intake passage, and an EGR valve that is provided in the EGR passage and adjusts the recirculation amount of the exhaust gas. In an EGR control device for controlling an EGR device provided, an intake oxygen concentration detector that detects an intake oxygen concentration that is an oxygen concentration in intake air supplied to an internal combustion engine, and an exhaust oxygen concentration that is an oxygen concentration in exhaust gas EGR that is the ratio of the exhaust gas in the intake air based on the exhaust oxygen concentration detection unit that detects the intake air concentration, the exhaust oxygen concentration, and the fresh air oxygen concentration that is the oxygen concentration in the intake air that is newly taken into the intake passage An EGR control device including an EGR rate calculation unit that calculates a rate is provided, and the above-described problem is solved.

また、本発明のＥＧＲ制御装置を構成するにあたり、ＥＧＲ率演算部は、新気酸素濃度と排気酸素濃度との差に対する、新気酸素濃度と吸気酸素濃度との差の比を演算することにより、ＥＧＲ率を算出することが好ましい。   In configuring the EGR control device of the present invention, the EGR rate calculation unit calculates the ratio of the difference between the fresh air oxygen concentration and the intake oxygen concentration with respect to the difference between the fresh air oxygen concentration and the exhaust oxygen concentration. It is preferable to calculate the EGR rate.

また、本発明のＥＧＲ制御装置を構成するにあたり、吸気通路に吸入空気の流量を測定する流量測定手段が備えられ、ＥＧＲ率演算部によって算出されたＥＧＲ率と吸入空気の流量とに基づき、排気の還流量であるＥＧＲ流量を算出するＥＧＲ流量演算部を備えることが好ましい。   In configuring the EGR control device of the present invention, the intake passage is provided with a flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate of the intake air, and the exhaust gas is exhausted based on the EGR rate calculated by the EGR rate calculation unit and the flow rate of the intake air. It is preferable to provide an EGR flow rate calculation unit that calculates an EGR flow rate that is the amount of recirculation.

また、本発明のＥＧＲ制御装置を構成するにあたり、ＥＧＲ率演算部は、内燃機関の回転数が所定の閾値以上のときに、吸気酸素濃度、排気酸素濃度、及び新気酸素濃度に基づいてＥＧＲ率を算出することが好ましい。   Further, in configuring the EGR control device of the present invention, the EGR rate calculation unit is configured to perform EGR based on the intake oxygen concentration, the exhaust oxygen concentration, and the fresh oxygen concentration when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. It is preferable to calculate the rate.

本発明のＥＧＲ制御装置によれば、ＥＧＲ率演算部が、吸気酸素濃度と、排気酸素濃度と、新気酸素濃度とに基づいてＥＧＲ率を算出するように構成されているため、排気流量センサを用いることなく、酸素濃度の値によってＥＧＲ率が精度良く求められる。また、酸素濃度の値によってＥＧＲ率が算出されることから、内燃機関での空燃比が変動する状態においても、ＥＧＲ率が精度良く検出される。したがって、ＥＧＲ率又はＥＧＲ流量が目標値となるようにＥＧＲ弁の正確なフィードバック制御が可能になる   According to the EGR control device of the present invention, since the EGR rate calculation unit is configured to calculate the EGR rate based on the intake oxygen concentration, the exhaust oxygen concentration, and the fresh air oxygen concentration, the exhaust gas flow sensor Without using the EGR rate, the EGR rate can be obtained with high accuracy by the value of the oxygen concentration. Further, since the EGR rate is calculated based on the value of the oxygen concentration, the EGR rate can be detected with high accuracy even when the air-fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine varies. Therefore, accurate feedback control of the EGR valve can be performed so that the EGR rate or the EGR flow rate becomes the target value.

本発明の実施の形態にかかるＥＧＲ制御装置を備えたＥＧＲ装置の構成例を示す全体図である。1 is an overall view showing a configuration example of an EGR apparatus including an EGR control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態にかかるＥＧＲ制御装置の構成例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the EGR control apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention.

以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明のＥＧＲ制御装置にかかる実施の形態について具体的に説明する。ただし、以下の実施形態は、本発明の一態様を示すものであり、この発明を限定するものではなく、本発明の範囲内で任意に変更することが可能である。なお、それぞれの図中、同じ符号を付してあるものについては同一の部材を示しており、適宜説明が省略されている。   Hereinafter, embodiments according to the EGR control device of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. However, the following embodiment shows one aspect of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the present invention. In addition, in each figure, what has attached | subjected the same code | symbol has shown the same member, and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

１．ＥＧＲ制御装置
まず、ＥＧＲ制御装置によって制御が行われるＥＧＲ装置の構成例を説明する。
図１は、本実施形態のＥＧＲ制御装置６０が備えられたＥＧＲ装置１０の構成の一例を示している。このＥＧＲ装置１０は、内燃機関５から排出される排気を吸気通路１２内に還流させて内燃機関５の吸気中の酸素濃度を低減させることで、燃料の燃焼温度を下げて燃料消費量を抑制したり排気ガス中の窒素酸化物濃度を低減したりする装置である。 1. EGR Control Device First, a configuration example of an EGR device that is controlled by the EGR control device will be described.
FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of an EGR device 10 provided with the EGR control device 60 of the present embodiment. This EGR device 10 recirculates the exhaust discharged from the internal combustion engine 5 into the intake passage 12 to reduce the oxygen concentration in the intake air of the internal combustion engine 5, thereby lowering the fuel combustion temperature and suppressing the fuel consumption. Or a nitrogen oxide concentration in exhaust gas.

このＥＧＲ装置１０が備えられる内燃機関５は、４つの気筒を有するディーゼルエンジンが用いられ、内燃機関５のインテーク・マニホールド１１に接続された吸気通路１２と、内燃機関５のエキゾースト・マニホールド１３に接続された排気通路１４と、吸気通路１２及び排気通路１４を連通するＥＧＲ通路１５と、ＥＧＲ通路１５に設けられるＥＧＲ弁１６と、ＥＧＲ弁１６の開度を調節してＥＧＲ流量を制御するＥＧＲ制御装置６０と、を主たる要素として備えている。   The internal combustion engine 5 provided with the EGR device 10 is a diesel engine having four cylinders, and is connected to an intake passage 12 connected to an intake manifold 11 of the internal combustion engine 5 and an exhaust manifold 13 of the internal combustion engine 5. The exhaust passage 14, the EGR passage 15 communicating with the intake passage 12 and the exhaust passage 14, the EGR valve 16 provided in the EGR passage 15, and the EGR control for adjusting the opening degree of the EGR valve 16 to control the EGR flow rate The device 60 is provided as a main element.

吸気通路１２におけるＥＧＲ通路１５の接続部分よりも上流側には、吸入空気に所定の圧力をかけるコンプレッサ２０が設けられ、このコンプレッサ２０とＥＧＲ通路１５の接続部分との間に、吸入空気の流量を調整するスロットル弁１７と、吸入空気の流量を測定するエアマスセンサ１８とが設けられている。   A compressor 20 that applies a predetermined pressure to the intake air is provided upstream of the connection portion of the EGR passage 15 in the intake passage 12, and the flow rate of the intake air is between the compressor 20 and the connection portion of the EGR passage 15. A throttle valve 17 for adjusting the air flow rate and an air mass sensor 18 for measuring the flow rate of the intake air are provided.

スロットル弁１７やコンプレッサ２０はＥＧＲ制御装置６０に電気的に接続されている。ＥＧＲ制御装置６０からの駆動信号によってコンプレッサ２０が回転することで吸入空気が圧縮される。そして、ＥＧＲ制御装置６０からの信号によりスロットル弁１７の開度が調節されて、インテーク・マニホールド１１に送られる吸入空気の流量や圧力が調整される。   The throttle valve 17 and the compressor 20 are electrically connected to the EGR control device 60. The intake air is compressed by rotating the compressor 20 by a drive signal from the EGR control device 60. Then, the opening of the throttle valve 17 is adjusted by a signal from the EGR control device 60, and the flow rate and pressure of the intake air sent to the intake manifold 11 are adjusted.

ＥＧＲ通路１５は吸気通路１２と排気通路１４とを連通し、このＥＧＲ通路１５には、ＥＧＲ流量を調節するＥＧＲ弁１６が設けられている。このＥＧＲ弁１６もＥＧＲ制御装置６０に電気的に接続されており、ＥＧＲ制御装置６０において求められる実ＥＧＲ率が目標ＥＧＲ率となるように、ＥＧＲ弁１６の開度が制御される。   The EGR passage 15 communicates the intake passage 12 and the exhaust passage 14, and the EGR passage 15 is provided with an EGR valve 16 that adjusts the EGR flow rate. The EGR valve 16 is also electrically connected to the EGR control device 60, and the opening degree of the EGR valve 16 is controlled so that the actual EGR rate obtained by the EGR control device 60 becomes the target EGR rate.

吸気通路１２のうち、ＥＧＲ通路１５の接続部分よりも下流側の部分には、吸気酸素濃度センサ２５が設けられている。この吸気酸素濃度センサ２５のセンサ値はＥＧＲ制御装置６０に送信され、このセンサ値に基づいて、吸気酸素濃度rO2inが検出される。
また、排気通路１４のうち、ＥＧＲ通路１５の接続部分よりも下流側には排気酸素濃度センサ２６が設けられている。この排気酸素濃度センサ２６のセンサ値もＥＧＲ制御装置６０に送信され、このセンサ値に基づいて、排気酸素濃度rO2exが検出される。この排気酸素濃度センサ２６に基づいて検出される酸素濃度は、ＥＧＲガスの酸素濃度を示す。 An intake oxygen concentration sensor 25 is provided in a portion of the intake passage 12 downstream of the connection portion of the EGR passage 15. The sensor value of the intake oxygen concentration sensor 25 is transmitted to the EGR control device 60, and the intake oxygen concentration rO2in is detected based on the sensor value.
Further, an exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 is provided in the exhaust passage 14 downstream of the connection portion of the EGR passage 15. The sensor value of the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 is also transmitted to the EGR control device 60, and the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex is detected based on the sensor value. The oxygen concentration detected based on the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 indicates the oxygen concentration of the EGR gas.

これらの吸気酸素濃度センサ２５及び排気酸素濃度センサ２６は、公知の酸素濃度センサが用いられる。このような酸素濃度センサは、酸素濃度に比例して電極間に印加される電圧値を測定することで酸素濃度を検出するものであり、気体の通路に流量検出部分をさらして物理的に流量を測定するエアマスセンサと比較して、排気中のすす等による劣化や検出精度の低下が生じるおそれが極めて少ないものである。   As the intake oxygen concentration sensor 25 and the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26, known oxygen concentration sensors are used. Such an oxygen concentration sensor detects the oxygen concentration by measuring the voltage value applied between the electrodes in proportion to the oxygen concentration, and physically exposes the flow rate detection portion to the gas passage. Compared with an air mass sensor that measures the above, there is very little risk of deterioration due to soot in the exhaust or a decrease in detection accuracy.

排気酸素濃度センサ２６の配置位置は図１の例に制限されるものではなく、例えば、排気酸素濃度センサ２６は、内燃機関５からＥＧＲ通路１５との接続部分までの間の排気通路１４に備えられてもよく、また、従来から排気通路１４に備えられている排気酸素濃度センサ２６をそのまま用いてもよい。ただし、排気酸素濃度センサ２６が排気通路１４とＥＧＲ通路１５との接続部分に近い位置に設けられれば、排気酸素濃度センサ２６に基づいて検出される排気酸素濃度rO2exとＥＧＲガスの酸素濃度との誤差が生じにくくなる。   The arrangement position of the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 is not limited to the example of FIG. 1. For example, the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 is provided in the exhaust passage 14 between the internal combustion engine 5 and the connection portion with the EGR passage 15. Alternatively, the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 conventionally provided in the exhaust passage 14 may be used as it is. However, if the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 is provided at a position close to the connection portion between the exhaust passage 14 and the EGR passage 15, the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex detected based on the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 and the oxygen concentration of the EGR gas Errors are less likely to occur.

ただし、ＥＧＲ制御装置６０が、排気酸素濃度rO2exを、内燃機関５の運転状態等から推定する機能を有しているのであれば、排気酸素濃度センサ２６は省略可能である。さらに、ＥＧＲ制御装置６０が、吸気酸素濃度rO2inを推定する機能を有しているのであれば、吸気酸素濃度センサ２５を省略することも可能である。   However, if the EGR control device 60 has a function of estimating the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex from the operating state of the internal combustion engine 5 or the like, the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26 can be omitted. Further, if the EGR control device 60 has a function of estimating the intake oxygen concentration rO2in, the intake oxygen concentration sensor 25 can be omitted.

このように構成されたＥＧＲ装置１０は、ＥＧＲ弁１６が閉じられた状態では吸入空気がそのまま内燃機関５に流入するとともに、排気の全量が吸気通路１２に還流されることなく排気下流側に進行する。一方、ＥＧＲ弁１６が開かれると、排気の一部がＥＧＲ通路１５を介して吸気通路１２に還流する。このとき、ＥＧＲ弁１６の開度を小さくすればＥＧＲガスの流量が減少し、ＥＧＲ流量やＥＧＲ率が低下する一方、ＥＧＲ弁１６の開度を大きくすればＥＧＲガスの流量が増加し、ＥＧＲ流量やＥＧＲ率が増大する。   In the EGR device 10 configured as described above, when the EGR valve 16 is closed, the intake air flows into the internal combustion engine 5 as it is, and the entire amount of the exhaust gas proceeds to the exhaust gas downstream side without being recirculated to the intake passage 12. To do. On the other hand, when the EGR valve 16 is opened, a part of the exhaust gas recirculates to the intake passage 12 via the EGR passage 15. At this time, if the opening degree of the EGR valve 16 is decreased, the flow rate of the EGR gas is decreased, and the EGR flow rate and the EGR rate are decreased. On the other hand, if the opening degree of the EGR valve 16 is increased, the flow rate of the EGR gas is increased. The flow rate and EGR rate increase.

２．ＥＧＲ制御装置
図２は、ＥＧＲ制御装置６０を機能的なブロックで表した構成例を示している。
この制御装置６０は、公知のマイクロコンピュータにより構成されるものであり、吸気酸素濃度検出部６１と、排気酸素濃度検出部６２と、算出方法選択部６３と、第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４と、第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６５と、目標ＥＧＲ率演算部６６と、ＥＧＲ弁制御部６７とを備えている。これらの各部は、具体的にはマイクロコンピュータによるプログラムの実行により実現される。 2. EGR Control Device FIG. 2 shows a configuration example in which the EGR control device 60 is represented by functional blocks.
The control device 60 is configured by a known microcomputer, and includes an intake oxygen concentration detector 61, an exhaust oxygen concentration detector 62, a calculation method selector 63, and a first actual EGR rate calculator 64. And a second actual EGR rate calculation unit 65, a target EGR rate calculation unit 66, and an EGR valve control unit 67. Specifically, each of these units is realized by executing a program by a microcomputer.

このうち、吸気酸素濃度検出部６１は、吸気酸素濃度センサ２５のセンサ値S1を読み込み、このセンサ値S1に基づいて吸気酸素濃度rO2inを検出する。また、排気酸素濃度検出部６２は、排気酸素濃度センサ２６のセンサ値S2を読み込み、このセンサ値S2に基づいて排気酸素濃度rO2exを検出する。吸気酸素濃度検出部６１及び排気酸素濃度検出部６２で検出された吸気酸素濃度rO2in及び排気酸素濃度rO2exは、第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４に伝達される。
なお、吸気酸素濃度検出部６１又は排気酸素濃度検出部６２は、酸素濃度センサを用いないで、各酸素濃度を推定するように構成されていてもよい。 Among these, the intake oxygen concentration detector 61 reads the sensor value S1 of the intake oxygen concentration sensor 25, and detects the intake oxygen concentration rO2in based on the sensor value S1. The exhaust oxygen concentration detector 62 reads the sensor value S2 of the exhaust oxygen concentration sensor 26, and detects the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex based on the sensor value S2. The intake oxygen concentration rO2in and the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex detected by the intake oxygen concentration detection unit 61 and the exhaust oxygen concentration detection unit 62 are transmitted to the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64.
The intake oxygen concentration detection unit 61 or the exhaust oxygen concentration detection unit 62 may be configured to estimate each oxygen concentration without using an oxygen concentration sensor.

算出方法選択部６３は、実ＥＧＲ率Reactの演算を第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４で行うか、第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６５で行うかの判断を行う。本実施形態のＥＧＲ制御装置６０の第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４で実ＥＧＲ率の演算に用いられる演算式は、排気酸素濃度rO2exと新気酸素濃度rO2airとが近似している場合に、実ＥＧＲ率を正確に算出できないおそれがあるため、算出方法選択部６３は、排気酸素濃度rO2exと新気酸素濃度rO2airとが近似する場合には第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６５で実ＥＧＲ率の演算を行うよう指示を出力する。   The calculation method selection unit 63 determines whether the calculation of the actual EGR rate React is performed by the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 or the second actual EGR rate calculation unit 65. The calculation formula used for the calculation of the actual EGR rate by the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 of the EGR control device 60 of the present embodiment is as follows when the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex and the fresh oxygen concentration rO2air are approximated. Since there is a possibility that the actual EGR rate cannot be accurately calculated, the calculation method selection unit 63 causes the second actual EGR rate calculation unit 65 to perform the actual EGR rate when the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex and the fresh air oxygen concentration rO2air approximate. An instruction is output to perform the operation.

例えば、内燃機関５での酸素消費量が極めて少ない場合には、吸気酸素濃度rO2inと排気酸素濃度rO2exとが近似し、ひいては、排気酸素濃度rO2exと新気酸素濃度rO2airとが近似するものと評価される。そのため、算出方法選択部６３は、内燃機関５での燃料噴射量Qを読み込み、燃料噴射量Qが所定の閾値Q0以上であれば、第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４で実ＥＧＲ率を算出するよう指示を出力する一方、燃料噴射量Qが所定の閾値Q0未満のときには、第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６５で実ＥＧＲ率を算出するよう指示を出力する。実際には、大部分の運転領域で、第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４が選択される。   For example, when the oxygen consumption in the internal combustion engine 5 is very small, the intake oxygen concentration rO2in and the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex are approximated, and as a result, the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex and the fresh oxygen concentration rO2air are evaluated as approximate. Is done. Therefore, the calculation method selection unit 63 reads the fuel injection amount Q in the internal combustion engine 5, and if the fuel injection amount Q is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value Q0, the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 calculates the actual EGR rate. On the other hand, when the fuel injection amount Q is less than the predetermined threshold value Q0, the second actual EGR rate calculation unit 65 outputs an instruction to calculate the actual EGR rate. Actually, the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 is selected in most of the operation region.

第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４は、内燃機関５での酸素消費量が所定量以上であり、排気酸素濃度rO2exと新気酸素濃度rO2airとが近似しないと評価される場合に、吸気酸素濃度検出部６１で検出された吸気酸素濃度rO2in及び排気酸素濃度検出部６２によって検出された排気酸素濃度rO2ex、さらに、吸気通路１２に新たに取り入れられる吸入空気中の酸素濃度rO2airに基づいて、実ＥＧＲ率Reactを算出する。
本実施形態のＥＧＲ制御装置６０の第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４には、新たに取り入れられる吸入空気の新気酸素濃度rO2airとして、大気の酸素濃度の値が予め記憶されている。この新気酸素濃度rO2airは、ＥＧＲ通路１５の接続部分よりも上流側の吸気通路１２に酸素濃度センサを設けて検出してもよい。 The first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 determines that the intake oxygen concentration is high when the oxygen consumption amount in the internal combustion engine 5 is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount and the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex and the fresh oxygen concentration rO2air are not approximated. Based on the intake oxygen concentration rO2in detected by the detection unit 61, the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex detected by the exhaust oxygen concentration detection unit 62, and the oxygen concentration rO2air in the intake air newly introduced into the intake passage 12, actual EGR Calculate the rate React.
In the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 of the EGR control device 60 of the present embodiment, the value of the atmospheric oxygen concentration is stored in advance as the fresh air oxygen concentration rO2air of the intake air that is newly introduced. The fresh air oxygen concentration rO2air may be detected by providing an oxygen concentration sensor in the intake passage 12 upstream of the connection portion of the EGR passage 15.

具体的には、第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４では、下記の演算式に基づいて実ＥＧＲ率Reactが算出される。
React（％）＝（（rO2in−rO2air）／（rO2ex−rO2air））×１００
排気酸素濃度rO2ex、吸気酸素濃度rO2in、新気酸素濃度rO2airは、通常、rO2air≧rO2in≧rO2exの関係が成り立つ。 Specifically, the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 calculates the actual EGR rate React based on the following calculation expression.
React (%) = ((rO2in−rO2air) / (rO2ex−rO2air)) × 100
The exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex, the intake oxygen concentration rO2in, and the fresh air oxygen concentration rO2air usually have a relationship of rO2air ≧ rO2in ≧ rO2ex.

排気酸素濃度rO2exと新気酸素濃度rO2airとの差は、ＥＧＲガスの酸素濃度である排気酸素濃度rO2exに依存して変動する。この差の絶対値が大きければ大きいほど、ある量のＥＧＲガスが吸入空気中に混合された場合における、新気酸素濃度rO2airが希釈される度合が大きいことを意味し、ＥＧＲガスによる酸素濃度の希釈可能性を表している。
また、吸気酸素濃度rO2inと新気酸素濃度rO2airとの差は、吸気酸素濃度rO2inに依存して変動し、吸入空気にＥＧＲガスが混合されたことによる、酸素濃度の実際の希釈度合を表している。 The difference between the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex and the fresh oxygen concentration rO2air varies depending on the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex which is the oxygen concentration of the EGR gas. The greater the absolute value of this difference, the greater the degree to which the fresh oxygen concentration rO2air is diluted when a certain amount of EGR gas is mixed in the intake air. Represents dilution potential.
The difference between the intake oxygen concentration rO2in and the fresh oxygen concentration rO2air varies depending on the intake oxygen concentration rO2in, and represents the actual dilution of oxygen concentration due to the EGR gas being mixed with the intake air. Yes.

この演算式は、吸気が吸入空気と排気とからなることから、吸入空気の新気酸素濃度rO2airがＥＧＲガスによって希釈される可能性に対する、実際に新気酸素濃度rO2airが希釈された度合いに基づいて、吸入空気に対してＥＧＲガスがどれだけ混合されたかを明らかにし、ＥＧＲ率を求めようとするものである。   This calculation formula is based on the degree that the fresh oxygen concentration rO2air is actually diluted against the possibility that the fresh air oxygen concentration rO2air of the intake air is diluted by EGR gas because the intake air is composed of intake air and exhaust gas. Thus, it is clarified how much EGR gas is mixed with the intake air, and the EGR rate is obtained.

上記演算式によるＥＧＲ率の算出方法であれば、排気中のすす等によって検出精度が低下しやすい排気流量センサを用いることなくＥＧＲ率が精度良く算出される。また、吸気酸素濃度rO2in、排気酸素濃度rO2ex、新気酸素濃度rO2airからＥＧＲ率が求められるため、内燃機関５での空燃比にかかわらずＥＧＲ率が求められ、空燃比が変動するような運転状態であってもＥＧＲ率が精度良く算出される。この第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４によって演算された実ＥＧＲ率Reactは、ＥＧＲ弁制御部６７に出力される。   With the calculation method of the EGR rate based on the above arithmetic expression, the EGR rate is accurately calculated without using an exhaust flow rate sensor whose detection accuracy is likely to be lowered due to soot in the exhaust. In addition, since the EGR rate is obtained from the intake oxygen concentration rO2in, the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex, and the fresh air oxygen concentration rO2air, the EGR rate is obtained regardless of the air-fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine 5, and the operating state in which the air-fuel ratio varies. Even so, the EGR rate is calculated with high accuracy. The actual EGR rate React calculated by the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 is output to the EGR valve control unit 67.

第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６５は、排気酸素濃度rO2exと新気酸素濃度rO2airとが近似すると評価される場合にのみ、従来公知の演算方法等により実ＥＧＲ率Reactを算出する。排気酸素濃度rO2exと新気酸素濃度rO2airとが近似すると、上記演算式の分母となるrO2ex−rO2airがゼロに近づき、演算式が発散するからである。ただし、この第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６５で実ＥＧＲ率を算出する頻度は極めて少ないため、このような場合にのみ従来の実ＥＧＲ率の演算方法を用いるようにしても、運転条件に大きな影響を与えるおそれがない。第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６５で行われる実ＥＧＲ率の演算方法については、特に限定されない。   The second actual EGR rate calculation unit 65 calculates the actual EGR rate React by a conventionally known calculation method or the like only when it is evaluated that the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex and the fresh oxygen concentration rO2air are approximate. This is because when the exhaust oxygen concentration rO2ex approximates the fresh air oxygen concentration rO2air, rO2ex−rO2air, which is the denominator of the above arithmetic expression, approaches zero, and the arithmetic expression diverges. However, since the frequency of calculating the actual EGR rate by the second actual EGR rate calculation unit 65 is extremely low, even if the conventional calculation method of the actual EGR rate is used only in such a case, the operation condition is large. There is no risk of impact. The method for calculating the actual EGR rate performed by the second actual EGR rate calculating unit 65 is not particularly limited.

目標ＥＧＲ率演算部６６は、内燃機関５の回転数Neや燃料供給量Q等を読み込み、ＮＯx排出量が規制値を満たすことが可能な目標ＥＧＲ率Retgtを算出する。この目標ＥＧＲ率演算部６６によって演算された目標ＥＧＲ率Retgtは、ＥＧＲ弁制御部６７に伝達される。   The target EGR rate calculation unit 66 reads the rotational speed Ne of the internal combustion engine 5, the fuel supply amount Q, and the like, and calculates a target EGR rate Retgt that allows the NOx emission amount to satisfy the regulation value. The target EGR rate Retgt calculated by the target EGR rate calculating unit 66 is transmitted to the EGR valve control unit 67.

ＥＧＲ弁制御部６７は、目標ＥＧＲ率演算部６６から伝達される目標ＥＧＲ率Retgtと実ＥＧＲ率演算部から伝達される実ＥＧＲ率Reactとに基づいてＥＧＲ弁１６の開度を調節し、ＥＧＲ弁１６のアクチュエータに対して指示を出力する。本実施形態のＥＧＲ弁制御部６７では、算出される実ＥＧＲ率Reactが目標ＥＧＲ率Reactに一致するようにＥＧＲ弁１６の開度がフィードバック制御される。   The EGR valve control unit 67 adjusts the opening degree of the EGR valve 16 based on the target EGR rate Retgt transmitted from the target EGR rate calculation unit 66 and the actual EGR rate React transmitted from the actual EGR rate calculation unit, and EGR An instruction is output to the actuator of the valve 16. In the EGR valve control unit 67 of the present embodiment, the opening degree of the EGR valve 16 is feedback-controlled so that the calculated actual EGR rate React matches the target EGR rate React.

なお、本実施形態のＥＧＲ制御装置６０は、基本的にＥＧＲ率に基づいてＥＧＲ弁１６の開度を調節するものであるが、ＥＧＲガスの流量（ＥＧＲ流量）を算出してＥＧＲ弁１６の開度を調節する構成のＥＧＲ制御装置に本発明を適用することも可能である。この場合、実ＥＧＲ率Reactは、吸入空気の流量VairとＥＧＲ流量Veactとの総和に対するＥＧＲ流量Veactの割合であることから、上述の第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６４又は第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部６５で求められた実ＥＧＲ率Reactと、吸気通路１２に設けられたエアマスセンサ１８で検出される吸入空気の流量Vairとに基づいて、下記演算式により実ＥＧＲ流量Veactが求められる。
Veact＝（React／（１００−React））×Vair Note that the EGR control device 60 of the present embodiment basically adjusts the opening degree of the EGR valve 16 based on the EGR rate, but calculates the flow rate of the EGR gas (EGR flow rate) to calculate the EGR valve 16. The present invention can also be applied to an EGR control device configured to adjust the opening. In this case, since the actual EGR rate React is a ratio of the EGR flow rate Veact to the sum of the intake air flow rate Vair and the EGR flow rate Veact, the first actual EGR rate calculation unit 64 or the second actual EGR rate described above. Based on the actual EGR rate React obtained by the computing unit 65 and the flow rate Vair of the intake air detected by the air mass sensor 18 provided in the intake passage 12, the actual EGR flow rate Veact is obtained by the following arithmetic expression.
Veact = (React / (100−React)) × Vair

上記演算式で求められる実ＥＧＲ流量Veactは、精度良く算出される実ＥＧＲ率Reactに基づいて算出されるため、誤差が少なく、正確に実ＥＧＲ流量Veactが求められる。   Since the actual EGR flow rate Veact obtained by the above arithmetic expression is calculated based on the actual EGR rate React calculated with high accuracy, the actual EGR flow rate Veact can be accurately obtained with little error.

１０：ＥＧＲ装置、５：内燃機関、１１：インテーク・マニホールド、１２：吸気通路、１３：エキゾースト・マニホールド、１４：排気通路、１５：ＥＧＲ通路、１６：ＥＧＲ弁、１７：スロットル弁、１８：エアマスセンサ、２０：コンプレッサ、２５：吸気酸素濃度センサ、２６：排気酸素濃度センサ、６０：ＥＧＲ制御装置、６１：吸気酸素濃度検出部、６２：排気酸素濃度検出部、６３：算出方法選択部、６４：第１の実ＥＧＲ率演算部、６５：第２の実ＥＧＲ率演算部、６６：目標ＥＧＲ率演算部、６７：ＥＧＲ弁制御部 10: EGR device, 5: internal combustion engine, 11: intake manifold, 12: intake manifold, 13: exhaust manifold, 14: exhaust passage, 15: EGR passage, 16: EGR valve, 17: throttle valve, 18: air mass Sensor: 20: compressor, 25: intake oxygen concentration sensor, 26: exhaust oxygen concentration sensor, 60: EGR control device, 61: intake oxygen concentration detection unit, 62: exhaust oxygen concentration detection unit, 63: calculation method selection unit, 64 : First actual EGR rate calculation unit, 65: second actual EGR rate calculation unit, 66: target EGR rate calculation unit, 67: EGR valve control unit

Claims (4)

内燃機関の吸気通路と排気通路とを連通し排気の一部を前記吸気通路内に還流させるＥＧＲ通路と、前記ＥＧＲ通路に設けられ前記排気の還流量を調節するＥＧＲ弁と、を備えたＥＧＲ装置を制御するためのＥＧＲ制御装置において、
前記内燃機関に供給される吸気中の酸素濃度である吸気酸素濃度を検出する吸気酸素濃度検出部と、
前記排気中の酸素濃度である排気酸素濃度を検出する排気酸素濃度検出部と、
前記吸気酸素濃度、前記排気酸素濃度、及び前記吸気通路に新たに取り入れる吸入空気中の酸素濃度である新気酸素濃度に基づいて、前記吸気中の前記排気の比率であるＥＧＲ率を算出するＥＧＲ率演算部と、
を備えることを特徴とするＥＧＲ制御装置。 An EGR that includes an EGR passage that connects an intake passage and an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine to recirculate a part of the exhaust gas into the intake passage, and an EGR valve that is provided in the EGR passage and adjusts the recirculation amount of the exhaust gas. In an EGR control device for controlling the device,
An intake oxygen concentration detector that detects an intake oxygen concentration that is an oxygen concentration in the intake air supplied to the internal combustion engine;
An exhaust oxygen concentration detector that detects an exhaust oxygen concentration that is an oxygen concentration in the exhaust;
EGR for calculating an EGR rate that is a ratio of the exhaust gas in the intake air based on the intake oxygen concentration, the exhaust oxygen concentration, and a fresh oxygen concentration that is an oxygen concentration in the intake air newly taken into the intake passage A rate calculator,
An EGR control device comprising: 前記ＥＧＲ率演算部は、前記新気酸素濃度と前記排気酸素濃度との差に対する、前記新気酸素濃度と前記吸気酸素濃度との差の比を演算することにより、前記ＥＧＲ率を算出することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のＥＧＲ制御装置。   The EGR rate calculation unit calculates the EGR rate by calculating a ratio of a difference between the fresh air oxygen concentration and the intake oxygen concentration with respect to a difference between the fresh air oxygen concentration and the exhaust oxygen concentration. The EGR control device according to claim 1. 前記吸気通路に前記吸入空気の流量を測定する流量測定手段が備えられ、
前記ＥＧＲ率演算部によって算出された前記ＥＧＲ率と前記吸入空気の流量とに基づき、前記排気の還流量であるＥＧＲ流量を算出するＥＧＲ流量演算部を備えることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のＥＧＲ制御装置。 A flow rate measuring means for measuring the flow rate of the intake air is provided in the intake passage;
3. An EGR flow rate calculation unit that calculates an EGR flow rate that is a recirculation amount of the exhaust gas based on the EGR rate calculated by the EGR rate calculation unit and the flow rate of the intake air. The EGR control device described in 1. 前記ＥＧＲ率演算部は、前記内燃機関の回転数が所定の閾値以上のときに、前記吸気酸素濃度、前記排気酸素濃度、及び前記新気酸素濃度に基づいて前記ＥＧＲ率を算出することを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載のＥＧＲ制御装置。   The EGR rate calculation unit calculates the EGR rate based on the intake oxygen concentration, the exhaust oxygen concentration, and the fresh air oxygen concentration when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. The EGR control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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