JP2010202719A - Method for detoxifying jatropha by ultrasonic electrolysis - Google Patents

Abstract

Jetoropha seeds contain about 2% phorbol ester. The substance is toxic and should be removed. The substance is conventionally treated by hydrolysis with alkali or the like, but the glycerin fatty acid ester which is the main component is also hydrolyzed, and there is a problem that the combustion efficiency is lowered due to the influence of free glycerin.
A solution that promotes electrolysis is mixed in JETROPHA seed pressed oil, and the problem is solved by decomposing phorbol ester by applying a high-voltage current and ultrasonic waves to the mixture. .
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a treatment method for decomposing and detoxifying phorbol ester in JETROPH, and a liquid fuel and solid matter obtained by the treatment method.

“Jatropha” is another name for the Japanese name Nanyo Aburagiri (southern oil paulownia, scientific name: Jatropha curcas), a deciduous shrub of the Euphorbiaceae family. The seeds are rich in oil, and are used as a vegetable biodiesel fuel material (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1), and the pressed residue of the seeds has a nutritional value comparable to that of soy protein. It is in the limelight as Reference 2).
WMJAchten et al., Biomassand Bioenergy, 32,1063-1084, 2008. HPSMakkar et al., Food Chemistry, 62, 207-215, 1998.

However, Jetropha seeds contain about 2% of phorbol esters (tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate and Jatropha factors C1 to C6 in the figure) as shown in FIG. 1, and the substance is toxic (for example, Therefore, it is desirable to detoxify.
Gunjan Goelet al., International Journal of Toxicology, 26, 279-288, 2007.

Conventional detoxification methods for JETROPHA seeds include extraction methods using lower alcohols utilizing differences in the distribution rate (solubility) in solvents, alkaline hydrolysis methods, oxidation methods using hypochlorous acid, and the like. (For example, see Non-Patent Documents 2 and 4).
EMAregheore etal., S. Pac. J. Nat. Sci., 21, 50-56, 2003.

Conventional biodiesel fuel is mainly produced by ester conversion of glycerin fatty acid ester, which is a main component, with methyl alcohol to lower the boiling point. However, since glycerin produced as a by-product causes a reduction in combustion efficiency, it must be removed. Therefore, there is a problem that expensive capital investment is required for the production of methyl esterified fuel.

There is also an attempt to use vegetable oil as it is without converting to ester, but there is a problem that the boiling point is higher than that of ester-converted fuel and combustion efficiency is low.

The phorbol ester can be treated by alkaline hydrolysis, but if this treatment is applied to JETROPHA seed press oil, the glycerin fatty acid ester, which is the main component, is also hydrolyzed, and glycerin is liberated and the combustion efficiency decreases. There is.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and solves the conventional problems, and at the same time detoxifies JETROPHA seeds, a highly combustible liquid fuel and a solid material that can be directly used as fuel without ester conversion. The purpose is to provide.

The present inventors diligently studied to solve the above problems. In the process, the phorbol ester contained without releasing glycerin is decomposed by subjecting the compressed oil or residue of Jetropha seeds containing phorbol ester to ultrasonic electrolysis, and the treated product is It was found that high combustibility can be maintained by miniaturization (see Example 2).

The first aspect of the present invention is a method for detoxifying JETROFA in which phorbol ester is decomposed in the process shown in FIG. That is, the oil or residue obtained by pulverizing JETROFA seeds and squeezing the pulverized material is mixed with a liquid that promotes electrolysis, the mixed liquid is stirred, and a high voltage current is applied while applying ultrasonic waves. The phorbol ester is decomposed by flowing.

The second of the present invention is a liquid fuel obtained by subjecting the JETROPHA seed pressed oil to the treatment according to claim 1 and then reducing the particle size of the treated product to 10 μm (microns) or less.

A third aspect of the present invention is a solid product obtained by subjecting the JETROPHA seed press residue to the treatment according to claim 1 and then subjecting the treated product to a heat drying treatment.

According to the present invention, it is possible not only to detoxify Jetropha seeds without releasing glycerin which causes a reduction in combustion efficiency, but also to maintain high combustibility by miniaturization. Therefore, it can be said that it is very useful because it can supply detoxified highly combustible liquid fuel and solids without expensive investment.

It is a figure which shows the structural formula of the phorbol ester contained in Jetropha. It is a figure which shows the detoxification method of JETROFA.

Hereinafter, the Jetropha detoxification method and the present invention obtained by applying the method will be described in order.

[Jetropha detoxification]
As shown in FIG. 2, the JETROPHA detoxification method of the present invention comprises pulverization, oil extraction, detoxification (ultrasonic electrolysis), dehydration, and refinement (in the case of solid materials, heating instead of refinement). (Drying) The process consists of 5 steps.

The pulverization, oil extraction and dehydration treatment of the present invention can be handled in a conventional manner.

In the detoxification treatment of the present invention, the oil or residue obtained by squeezing the crushed product of Jetropha seeds is mixed with a liquid that promotes electrolysis, the mixed liquid is stirred, and a high voltage current is applied while applying ultrasonic waves. It is carried out by flowing.

The liquid for promoting electrolysis of the present invention is preferably water.

Stirring of the liquid mixture in the present invention is carried out for the purpose of improving the electric conductivity of the liquid mixture and improving the decomposition efficiency of the phorbol ester. The rotation speed of stirring is preferably about 300 to 500 rpm. At that time, it is preferable to add a solubilizer to the mixed solution in order to promote mixing.

The application of ultrasonic waves to the mixed solution in the present invention is performed for the purpose of improving the conductivity of the mixed solution and improving the decomposition efficiency of the phorbol ester. The applied ultrasonic wave preferably has a frequency of about 20 kHz to about 100 kHz. In addition, it is effective to apply ultrasonic waves to the liquid that promotes electrolysis in advance, because the clusters become smaller and can be easily mixed with oil or residue obtained by squeezing the crushed material of Jetropha seeds.

The voltage used for the electrolysis of the present invention is preferably about 50 volts to about 300 volts in order to effectively decompose the phorbol ester. The electrode used for electrolysis is preferably an electrode rod or electrode plate made of metal such as platinum, palladium, silver, titanium, or carbon.

The detoxification treatment of the present invention is preferably carried out until the residual amount of phorbol ester is less than 10 ppm, although it varies depending on the amount of phorbol ester contained in the Jetropha seeds.

[Invention]
The liquid fuel, solid fuel, feed and fertilizer of the present invention are required to be obtained by the Jetropha detoxification treatment of the present invention.

The liquid fuel of the present invention is a reformed fuel having a particle size reduced to 10 microns or less. This refinement can be achieved to some extent by stirring and applying ultrasonic waves in the electrolysis process of the present invention, but the refinement process exemplified by the high-performance fuel reformer Ecopro (ECOPRO) manufactured by Anx Corporation. It is preferable to implement with a dedicated device. In addition, although the liquid fuel of this invention can be used as a fuel as it is, you may mix with light oil.

The solid material of the present invention is characterized by being heat-dried after the Jetropha detoxification treatment of the present invention. The heat-drying treatment may be performed by a conventional method, but the temperature is 95 for detoxifying a protein such as lectin, which is a toxic substance different from the phorbol ester contained in JETROPHA seed, by heat denaturation. High temperature of ℃ or higher is preferable.

Examples of the shape of the solid material of the present invention include pellets and powders.

The use fertilizer of the solid material of the present invention is exemplified as a use for solid fuel, feed, fertilizer or the like.

EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in more detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these Examples.

[Jetropha detoxification treatment]
Using an electrolysis apparatus manufactured by AIT Co., Ltd., 5% of water was mixed with the compressed oil of JETROPHA seeds, and a 20 kHz ultrasonic wave and a voltage of 50 V were applied for 3 hours while stirring at 500 rpm. The content of ball ester could be reduced to 1 ppm or less.

[Jetorpha liquid fuel]
The Jetropha oil produced in Example 1 was refined to particles of 10 microns or less using a high performance fuel reformer EcoPro (ECOPRO) manufactured by Anx Corporation. The treated product was confused with light oil at a ratio of 1: 1, and as a result of running test, the combustion efficiency was improved about 1.1 times compared to the case of light oil 100%.

[Jetropha solids]
The result of applying an ultrasonic wave of 20 kHz and a voltage of 50 V for 3 hours while adding 5 volumes of water to 100 kg of Jetropha seed press residue and stirring at 500 rpm using an electrolysis apparatus manufactured by AIT Co., Ltd. The content of the phorbol ester could be reduced to 1 ppm or less. As a result of heating and drying at 110 ° C. for 4 hours, the lectin content could be reduced to 1 ppm or less. The dried product was pulverized to obtain 10 kg of powder.

According to the present invention, high-combustible liquid fuel and solids are supplied by detoxifying JETROPHA seeds without subjecting to glycerin, which causes a reduction in combustion efficiency, and subjecting the processed product to a refinement process. It was confirmed that it was possible.

Thus, the Jetropha detoxification method of the present invention can be said to be very useful in supplying liquid fuel and solids that have been detoxified without expensive investment.

Claims (3)

The oil or residue obtained by pulverizing JETROFA seeds and squeezing the pulverized product is mixed with a liquid that promotes electrolysis, the mixed liquid is stirred, and a high voltage current is applied while applying ultrasonic waves. A method for detoxifying JETROFA characterized by decomposing phorbol ester. A liquid fuel obtained by subjecting JETROPHA seed press oil to the treatment according to claim 1 and then reducing the particle size of the treated product to 10 microns or less. A solid material obtained by subjecting the JETROPHA seed press residue to the treatment according to claim 1 and then subjecting the treated product to a heat drying treatment.