JP2010269210A - Cyclone dust collector - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cyclone dust collector capable of retaining high dust removal performance for a long time even when a gas contains particles of substances of low specific gravities. <P>SOLUTION: A filter portion 3 capturing particles in a gas is arranged in the upper part of a cyclone portion 2 carrying out centrifugal separation of the particles in the gas, and a distributor 4 is arranged in the gas passage between the cyclone portion 2 and the filter portion 3. The particles contained in the gas are removed in three stages of centrifugal separation in the cyclone portion 2, falling under the resistance of the distributor 4 and filtration in the filter portion 3. Clogging of the filter portion 3 is thus controlled because relatively coarse particles are removed in the cyclone portion 2 and the distributor 4 in advance, and fine particles unremovable by the cyclone portion 2 and the distributor 4 can be captured by the filter portion 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cyclone dust collector that centrifuges particles from a gas containing particles. For example, in an intake / exhaust system such as a vacuum pump, an exhaust blower, and a compressor, particles (contamination) contained in the gas are captured before intake. Then, the present invention relates to a cyclone dust collecting apparatus that draws clean gas into the intake / exhaust system.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an outer cylinder composed of a cylindrical part in which a gas inlet is formed, a conical part continuously connected to the cylindrical part and having a diameter reduced downward, and clean gas after dust removal. The cyclone dust collector which consists of an inner cylinder which discharges is disclosed.

  In the cyclone dust collector, the gas introduced from the introduction port becomes a downward swirling flow, and particles in the gas are separated and dropped to the inner wall side of the outer cylinder by the centrifugal force, and recovered from the lower end of the outer cylinder Is done. Then, the clean gas after dust removal reverses the direction from the middle of the conical portion to form an upward flow, and is supplied to a subsequent apparatus (for example, a vacuum pump) through the inner cylinder.

JP-A-10-000384

  By the way, for example, when a gas containing particles of a substance having a low specific gravity such as alumina, silicon, graphite, etc. is removed by the cyclone dust collector, coarse particles can be separated and collected, but fine particles should be separated and collected. I can't. For this reason, there arises a problem that the fine particles are sucked into a subsequent apparatus such as a vacuum pump and become a cause of failure.

  On the other hand, if a filter is used, it is possible to remove even fine particles of a substance having a low specific gravity. However, if a filter is used, coarse particles as well as fine particles are trapped by the filter, so clogging occurs immediately. It occurs, and there arises a problem that the latter apparatus cannot be operated for a long time.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above problems, and even when the gas contains particles of a substance having a low specific gravity, cyclone dust collection capable of maintaining high dust removal performance for a long time. An object is to provide an apparatus.

  For this reason, the cyclone dust collector according to the present invention is provided with a cyclone part that sucks a gas containing particles from the outside and centrifuges the particles, and an upper part of the cyclone part, and the particles are separated by the cyclone part. A filter unit that filters the discharged gas and discharges it to the outside, and is provided in a gas passage between the cyclone unit and the filter unit, rectifies the gas discharged from the cyclone unit, and introduces it into the filter unit And a rectifying plate to be configured.

  In the above configuration, the gas after the particles are centrifuged in the cyclone section passes through the rectifying plate serving as a resistance, is introduced into the filter section, and is exhausted through the filter section.

  Here, it is preferable that a plurality of the rectifying plates are arranged along the radial direction of the gas passage. In the configuration described above, in the cross section of the gas passage, the plurality of rectifying plates serve as gas resistance toward the filter unit, and some of the particles that are not separated by the cyclone unit are dropped.

  In addition, the filter portion includes a cylindrical case from which an exhaust side pipe is led out from above, and a cylindrical filter element that is installed substantially coaxially with the cyclone portion in the cylindrical case, An annular formed by the outer periphery of the cylindrical filter element and the inner periphery of the case, the lower end of the hollow part of the filter element being closed, while the upper end opening of the hollow part is connected to the exhaust pipe. The gas discharged from the cyclone portion is introduced into the space through the rectifying plate, and the gas is allowed to pass from the outer periphery of the cylindrical filter element into the hollow portion and is discharged to the outside through the exhaust side pipe. It may be configured.

  In the above configuration, the gas discharged from the cyclone portion passes through the current plate and is introduced into an annular space formed by the outer periphery of the cylindrical filter element and the inner periphery of the case, and then from the outer periphery of the filter element. It passes through the hollow part, is filtered, and is discharged from the hollow part to the outside.

  Here, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical filter element may be formed into a corrugated shape that repeats unevenness.

  The porosity of the cylindrical filter element may be increased from the inside toward the outside.

  According to the above invention, the particles contained in the gas are separated in three stages: centrifugal separation in the cyclone section, drop of the particles due to the resistance of the rectifying plate to the flow of the gas containing the particles, and filtration in the filter section. Removed.

  For this reason, compared with the case where only filtration is performed, the amount of particles captured by the filter unit is reduced, and clogging of the filter unit is suppressed, so that it is possible to perform dust removal for a long time. In addition, since the particles that have not been removed by the cyclone are captured by the filter, dust can be removed even if the particles have a low specific gravity, and high dust removal performance can be achieved.

It is a cross-sectional perspective view which shows embodiment of the cyclone dust collector which concerns on this invention. It is the front view and partial expansion perspective view which show embodiment of the cyclone dust collector which concerns on this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a cyclone dust collecting apparatus according to the present invention.

  A cyclone dust collecting apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided with a cyclone unit 2, a filter unit 3 provided on the upper side of the cyclone unit 2, and a gas passage that allows the cyclone unit 2 and the filter unit 3 to communicate with each other. And the current plate 4 to be configured.

  The cyclone unit 2 includes an outer cylinder 20 that centrifuges dust-containing gas into a downward swirling flow into particles (contamination) and clean gas, and exhausts clean gas by an upward flow generated in the middle of the outer cylinder 20. The cylinder 21 is comprised.

Further, the outer cylinder 20 includes a cylindrical portion 22 and a conical portion 23 continuously connected to the cylindrical portion 22 and having a diameter reduced downward. An intake side pipe 24 provided substantially parallel to the tangential direction of the cylindrical part 22 is connected, and the conical part 23 has a particle outlet (drain) for discharging particles that have been centrifuged and dropped to the outside. 25 is formed.
A valve 25a is attached to the lower part of the particle discharge port (drain) 25 (shown only in FIG. 1). The valve 25a is closed during the dust collection operation.

  The inner cylinder 21 is formed in a conical shape with a diameter decreasing downward, and the upper end 21 a is fixed to the inner periphery 22 a of the upper end of the cylindrical part 22. It is installed in the cylindrical part 22 coaxially with the (cylindrical part 22), and the lower end opening part 21b of the inner cylinder 21 opens into a space surrounded by the cylindrical part 22.

  A leg portion 26 for installing the cyclone dust collecting apparatus 1 with the particle discharge port 25 spaced apart from the installation surface is fixed to the outside of the outer cylinder 20. A flange 22b for mounting and fixing the filter portion 3 is formed on the outer periphery on the upper end side of the cylindrical portion 22.

  The filter unit 3 includes a cylindrical case 30 and a filter element 31 supported in the case 30.

  A flange 30a to be joined to the flange 22b on the cyclone portion 2 side is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end portion of the cylindrical case 30, and the flange 22b and the flange 30a are fastened by a plurality of bolts 32, whereby a cyclone is provided. The filter unit 3 is coaxially connected to the upper part of the unit 2. The upper end side of the cylindrical case 30 is closed, penetrates the upper peripheral wall, and the exhaust side pipe 33 extends into the case 30.

  The cylindrical case 30 is divided into two parts, a main body side 30c and a lid side 30d that supports the exhaust side pipe 33, and the lid side 30d is swung around a horizontal axis by a hinge (hinge) 34. By doing so, the lid side 30d is connected to the main body side 30c to form a closed space (closed state), and the upper part of the main body side 30c is opened (open state). In the open state, the filter element 31 can be inspected, replaced, cleaned, and the like.

  The filter element 31 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is installed coaxially with the cyclone unit 2 and the case 30 in the case 30, and an annular space is formed between the inner periphery of the case 30 and the outer periphery of the filter element 31. It is made to do.

  The lower end of the hollow portion 31 a of the filter element 31 is closed by a disk-shaped lower holder 35 on which the filter element 31 is placed, and the upper end opening of the hollow portion 31 a is connected to the upstream end of the exhaust side pipe 33. Then, filtration is performed by allowing gas to pass from the outer peripheral side of the filter element 31 into the hollow portion 31 a, and the filtered gas is discharged toward the external device through the exhaust side pipe 33.

  The external device is, for example, an intake / exhaust system such as a vacuum pump, an exhaust blower, or a compressor. After the particles (contamination) in the gas are removed by the cyclone dust collector 1, gas is supplied to the intake / exhaust system. Inhale.

  The lower holder 35 is fixed to the case 30, and a cylindrical portion 35 a having substantially the same diameter as the hollow portion 31 a of the filter element 31 is integrally and coaxially supported on the lower surface of the lower holder 35. The lower end of the cylindrical portion 35 a is suspended to a position close to the rectifying plate 4.

  Further, at the center of the lower holder 35, one end of a connecting rod 37 that connects the holder 35 and the upper holder 36 that is overlaid on the upper end surface of the filter element 31 is supported. , 36.

  The upper holder 36 is formed in a disk shape having a hole for exhausting purified gas, and a washer-like seal member 40 formed of an elastic member such as rubber is fixed on the upper surface thereof, and the exhaust The upstream opening edge of the side pipe 33 is pressed against the seal member 40, so that the exhaust side pipe 33 and the hollow portion 31 a of the filter element 31 are airtightly connected.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the filter element 31 is formed in a corrugated shape whose outer peripheral surface repeats irregularities, and in other words, the void ratio increases from the inside toward the outside, in other words, the inside is captured. It is formed so that the particle diameter becomes small.

  The filter element 31 is manufactured as follows. First, a bundle of several thin stainless fibers is formed into a thread shape, which is knitted to produce a flexible sheet 38 (mesh fabric), and the sheet 38 is formed into a corrugated shape with repeated irregularities.

  Then, the corrugated sheet 38 is wound a plurality of times on the outer side of the cylindrical core member 39 having a plurality of holes opened, and the sheet 38 is laminated on the outer side of the core member 39. The size is reduced from the inside to the outside, and the winding start is tightly wound so that the sheet 38 is wound more loosely every time it is laminated.

  As described above, by increasing the winding torque toward the inner side, the sheet 38 is crushed on the inner side and the stainless fibers are closely overlapped, so that the inner porosity is smaller than the outer side, and the particles that are trapped toward the inner side. On the contrary, since the sheet 38 is gently wound on the outside, the interval between the threads of the stainless fiber is increased, and the captured particle diameter is increased toward the outside.

  In addition, by winding the sheet 38 loosely toward the outer side, the corrugated height of the outer sheet 38 becomes larger than that of the inner side, and the outer surface of the filter element 31 has a corrugated shape with repeated irregularities.

  In the example shown in FIG. 2, the corrugated ridge formed on the outer surface of the filter element 31 is formed so as to be substantially horizontal (in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the cyclone unit 2). In other words, the ridgeline may cross obliquely with respect to a line parallel to the axis of the cyclone unit 2 so as to form a spiral.

  The rectifying plate 4 is formed in a strip shape, and the longitudinal direction of the rectifying plate 4 is defined as a direction crossing the opening (gas passage) of the upper end portion 21a of the inner cylinder 21, and the inner plate 21 is inclined in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. A plurality of the cylinders 21 are provided side by side along the radial direction of the inner cylinder 21 so as to be fixed to the opening edge on the upper end side of the cylinder 21 and so that the inclined surfaces are substantially parallel to each other.

  Further, the installation interval / inclination angle of the rectifying plate 4 passes through the edge of the rectifying plate 4 on the cyclone portion 2 side, and a line parallel to the axis of the cyclone portion 2 intersects the other rectifying plate 4 adjacent thereto. Is set.

  Therefore, the flow of the gas rising in parallel with the axis of the cyclone unit 2 cannot pass through the installed portion of the rectifying plate 4 while maintaining its direction, and after colliding with the end face of the rectifying plate 4, the rectifying plate 4 It passes through a slit-like space having an inclination sandwiched between the two and is introduced into the filter unit 3.

  Next, the operation of the cyclone dust collector 1 will be described. The dust-containing gas introduced into the cyclone part 2 from the intake side pipe 24 descends as a swirl flow because the intake side pipe 24 is provided substantially parallel to the tangential direction of the cylindrical part 22. The centrifugal force generated by the swirling centrifuges the particles in the gas toward the inner wall side of the outer cylinder 20. The centrifuged particles fall in the outer cylinder 20 and are collected from a particle outlet 25 provided at the lower end of the outer cylinder 20.

  However, in the cyclone unit 2, since the particles are centrifuged as described above, it is difficult to separate fine particles of a substance having a low specific gravity (for example, alumina, silicon, graphite, etc.), and coarse particles are mainly separated. .

  The downward swirling flow in the outer cylinder 20 reverses the direction in the outer cylinder 20 to become an upward flow, and this upward flow passes through the inner cylinder 21 toward the filter unit 3 but is provided at the outlet of the inner cylinder 21. Since the flow straightening plate 4 is a resistance, relatively coarse particles out of the particles not separated by the cyclone unit 2 are dropped, and the particle discharge port 25 provided at the lower end of the outer cylinder 20 through the inner cylinder 21. Recovered from.

  The fine particles that have not been dropped by the rectifying plate 4 are introduced into the filter unit 3 together with the gas and are captured by the filter element 31. Further, the gas passes through a slit-shaped space having an inclination sandwiched between the rectifying plates 4, so that the flow direction changes in a direction along the inclination of the rectifying plate 4, and the cyclone unit 2 and the rectifying plate 4 The gas containing the dust-removed particles is sprayed on the inner peripheral wall of the case 30 and a swirling flow is generated, thereby separating the particles.

  In this way, of the particles contained in the gas, coarse particles are centrifuged in the cyclone unit 2, medium particles are dropped by the rectifying plate 4, and fine particles are captured by the filter unit 3. Is done.

  When dust is removed only with the filter element 31, it is necessary to capture not only fine particles but also coarse particles, and the filter element 31 is immediately clogged, and the life cycle of the filter element 31 is shortened.

  On the other hand, as described above, if relatively coarse particles are removed by the cyclone unit 2 and the current plate 4 before filtering by the filter element 31, the amount of particles captured by the filter element 31 is reduced. The life of the filter element 31 can be increased and the life of the filter element 31 can be lengthened, and the intake / exhaust system to which the cyclone dust collector 1 of the present embodiment is attached can be operated for a long time.

  The cyclone unit 2 is not clogged because of the centrifugal separation, but it is difficult to separate fine particles of a substance having a low bulk specific gravity. Therefore, the gas purified by the cyclone unit 2 is used as it is in the subsequent intake / exhaust system. If sent, the intake / exhaust system will suck in the fine particles and cause failure.

  On the other hand, if the purified gas from the cyclone unit 2 is filtered by the filter unit 3 as in the above embodiment, fine particles that cannot be removed by the cyclone unit 2 are sufficiently captured by the filter unit 3. Thus, the dust-removed gas can be sent to the subsequent intake / exhaust system, and the intake / exhaust system can be prevented from malfunctioning.

  Furthermore, the filter element 31 of the present embodiment has a structure that is less likely to cause clogging. As described above, the filter element 31 is formed so that the void ratio increases toward the outer side, so that coarse particles are captured on the outer side, whereas fine particles pass through the outer filter layer to the inner side. Therefore, the entire thickness of the filter element 31 can be effectively used to capture particles.

  For example, when the porosity is constant in the thickness direction of the filter element 31 and the constant porosity is a small value that can capture fine particles, coarse particles and fine particles are captured on the surface side of the filter element 31 and clogging occurs. Will occur sooner.

  Further, if the porosity is increased uniformly in order to suppress the occurrence of clogging, the occurrence of clogging can be suppressed, but the particulates cannot be captured, and the gas containing the particulates is sent to a subsequent apparatus. As a result, it becomes a failure factor of the latter stage device (intake and exhaust system such as a vacuum pump).

  On the other hand, as described above, if the porosity of the filter element 31 is increased toward the outer side, finer particles are captured on the inner side, so that fine particles can be captured while suppressing the occurrence of clogging. The life cycle of the element 31 can be extended, and the latter apparatus (intake / exhaust system such as a vacuum pump) can be prevented from sucking fine particles, so that failure of the latter apparatus can be prevented.

  In addition, since the outer surface of the filter element 31 of the present embodiment is formed in a corrugated shape with repeated irregularities, it is possible to secure a wide filtration area, and particles are distributed over a wide area as in the case where the surface is flat. Therefore, even if coarse particles are trapped and accumulated on the surface, they are easy to fall, and the life cycle of the filter element 31 can be extended by such an action.

  Further, in the manufacture of the filter element 31, the corrugated sheet 38 that repeats unevenness is wound around the core material 39, so that the unevenness of the sheet 38 remains without being crushed on the outer side where it is loosely wound, and is laminated by the unevenness remaining without being crushed. A gap is formed between the sheets 38, and the particles fall in the gap between the sheets 38 and accumulate downward, thereby extending the life cycle of the filter element 31.

  Moreover, the filter element 31 of this embodiment can exhibit high capture efficiency. The filter element 31 is formed by winding the sheet 38 around the core 39 a plurality of times, and the porosity is basically increased toward the outside by gradually loosening the winding torque, but locally the porosity is increased. Since there is variation, the particles repeatedly collide with the stainless steel fibers constituting the sheet 38, thereby slowing the passage speed of the particles, so that high capture efficiency can be exhibited.

  Further, the bundle of stainless steel fibers constituting the sheet 38 expands into a capillary shape when subjected to gas pressure, and fine particles in units of microns can be captured in the gaps between the bundles of stainless steel fibers, which can also increase the capture efficiency. .

  Further, as described above, since the porosity of the filter element 31 is smaller toward the inner side, the region where the fine particles are captured gradually expands from the inner side to the outer side, and the entire thickness of the filter element 31 can be effectively used to capture the fine particles. It is possible to maintain the capture efficiency for a long time.

  As described above, in the cyclone dust collector 1 of the present embodiment, the filter element 31 can have a high dust removal performance that can remove fine particles of a substance having a low specific gravity while extending the life cycle of the filter element 31, and the cyclone dust collector 1 performs purification. The intake / exhaust system that sucks the generated gas can be operated for a long time without causing a failure.

  In addition, the shape and arrangement of the outer cylinder 20 and the inner cylinder 21 constituting the cyclone unit 2 are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and may be any structure as long as particles are separated by centrifugal force. .

  Further, the filter element 31 is not limited to one in which a bundle of stainless steel fibers is knitted, and the outer surface may be flattened and / or the porosity may be constant in the thickness direction (radial direction).

  Further, in the above embodiment, the filter element 31 is formed by winding the sheet 38 several times. However, the filter element 31 can be formed by concentrically stacking a plurality of cylindrical filter elements having different porosity.

  The shape and arrangement of the rectifying plates 4 are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. For example, the opening area of the upper end 21 a of the inner cylinder 21 is divided into two areas by a boundary line passing through the center. The direction of inclination of the rectifying plate can be varied in each semicircular region, or a plurality of rectifying plates 4 formed in a fan shape can be inclined to form a fan shape.

  Further, as described above, the rectifying plate 4 may be installed so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction of the cyclone unit 2 in addition to the configuration having an inclined surface that obliquely intersects the axial direction of the cyclone unit 2. It can also be installed radially with respect to the axis of the cyclone unit 2. In addition, as described above, a plurality of rectifying plates 4 can be arranged on the same cross section of the gas passage, and a plurality of rectifying plates 4 can be provided separated in the upstream and downstream direction of the gas passage.

  Further, the individual current plate 4 is not limited to a flat plate shape, and may be subjected to deformation processing such as twisting / curving / bending, and is not limited to a thin plate shape. A member having a circular or elliptical cross section can be used. Further, for example, a plurality of flat plates having a plurality of holes are provided with a gap in the vertical direction, and the holes of each flat plate are not aligned linearly in a direction parallel to the axis of the cyclone unit 2. Alternatively, they may be shifted from each other.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cyclone dust collector 2 Cyclone part 3 Filter part 4 Current plate 20 Outer cylinder 21 Inner cylinder 24 Intake side piping 30 Case 31 Filter element 33 Exhaust side piping

Claims (5)

A cyclone section for sucking a gas containing particles from the outside and centrifuging the particles;
A filter unit that is provided at an upper part of the cyclone unit, filters the gas from which the particles have been separated in the cyclone unit, and discharges the gas to the outside;
A rectifying plate that is provided in a gas passage between the cyclone unit and the filter unit, rectifies the gas discharged from the cyclone unit, and introduces the gas into the filter unit;
A cyclone dust collector composed of.   The cyclone dust collector according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the current plates are arranged along a radial direction of the gas passage. The filter unit includes a cylindrical case from which an exhaust side pipe is led out from above, and a cylindrical filter element installed substantially coaxially with the cyclone unit in the cylindrical case. While closing the lower end of the hollow portion of the filter element, the upper end opening of the hollow portion is connected to the exhaust pipe,
Gas discharged from the cyclone portion is introduced into the annular space formed by the outer periphery of the cylindrical filter element and the inner periphery of the case via the rectifying plate, and the gas is supplied to the cylindrical filter. The cyclone dust collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cyclone dust collector is passed through the hollow portion from the outer periphery of the element and discharged to the outside by the exhaust side pipe.   The cyclone dust collector of Claim 3 which formed the outer peripheral surface of the said cylindrical filter element in the waveform which repeats an unevenness | corrugation.   The cyclone dust collector of Claim 3 or 4 which increased the porosity of the said cylindrical filter element toward inner side from the inner side.

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