JP2010266758A - Musical note for learning keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique for applying information for supporting a treatment of a notated note as a visual position on a keyboard, in a musical note for playing a keyboard instrument including the piano. <P>SOLUTION: The musical note which divides an alignment of an octave on a keyboard into visually featured two groups so as to display the musical note with different colors and shapes according to respective keyboard groups to which notes on the musical note belong is provided. It is also provided as a printed musical note, and also a method for displaying the musical note on an electronic display. Thus, a learner can hold a visual image of the corresponding keyboard groups according to the colors or shapes of the notes. It is made possible to easily search a position of individual key to touch, and also to easily grasp how relationship is generated among the plurality of notes to be played at the same time and the plurality of notes to be played continuously in advance and afterward, so that the learner can develop skills for determining what positions his/her arms, wrists, and fingers or the like for playing the notes should be in, from the musical note. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a musical score notation method for cultivating reading ability on a keyboard instrument, particularly a piano.

  In a keyboard instrument such as a piano, the clef (62) with the treble clef (62) shown in FIG. 6 and the musical staff (64) with the clef (63) are shown. The constructed grand staff (61) is generally used. Each note recorded on the staff corresponds to any key on the keyboard. A central additional line (66) is provided in the middle of the two sound parts, as required, for example, when a note is recorded at that position. The position on the keyboard of the sound (67) on the center underline is called the center C (English name: Middle C). In the specification of the present invention, hereinafter, when the term “score” is used, it means a grand staff. The present invention can be widely applied to keyboard instruments, and will be described below with a piano.

A musical score is a musical score in which notes that are played simultaneously in the vertical direction are recorded and arranged in time series in the right direction. At that time, it is divided into bars as a unit of performance time by the time signature of the song.
Therefore, the act of reading the score and playing the piano is a repetition of the work of sequentially reading the notes arranged in the vertical direction according to the tempo of the music into the key positions on the keyboard.

  The present invention mainly relates to an operation of translating a sequence of vertical notes on a musical score into a position on a keyboard.

In the current piano education, the most popular way to read the score of beginners is to first read the notes placed on the score with the note names assigned to the 12 semitones that make up the octave, and then rely on the note names. This is a method of searching for a keyboard corresponding to the. The relationship between the position of the score and the name of the note (name of note in English) and the keyboard is as shown in FIG.
Pitch names are different depending on the country. In English, the alphabets C, D, E, F, G, A, and B are used, and these seven types of pitch names are # (sharp) and ♭ (flat) ) Can be used to represent the 12 sounds that make up the octave. In Japan, there are seven kinds of names that correspond to the alphabet of English note names: C, D, E, F, F, G, B. Twelve octaves can be represented by prefixing the note name with “嬰” indicating semitone high and “weird” indicating semitone low as needed.
If you want to distinguish the same note names with different octaves, in English add a number indicating which octave. In Japanese, the octave pitch name is distinguished by adding a dot such as “1 point c”. The center c (67) on the central additional line (66) of the grand staff is one point c.
In piano education in Japan, instead of using ha, ni, ho, f, g, i, b, the names of de, les, mi, fa, so, la, and shi are used. Is widely practiced. In the specification of the present invention, explanation will be given below using English pitch names.

One of the major causes that make piano learning difficult is that the work of replacing the notes written on the score with the positions on the keyboard places a heavy burden on the learner.
For beginners, the task of reading the score is an endless repetitive task of paying attention to each note sequentially, identifying it with a note name, and then replacing it with the key to be pressed on the keyboard. Moreover, there is a key in music, and it is necessary to change the notes on the staff in semitones according to the key signature added to the score and copy it onto the keyboard.
Therefore, as a practice song for beginners, there are few notes and key numbers with or without few ♭ and # such as C major (G minor), F major (D minor), G major (e minor) etc. It is common to have a tune with the key indicated by

  Beginners gradually become accustomed to reading the score by accumulating learning from easy-written practice songs over time, but in fact, this stage is an important cause of creating learners who frustrate the piano Lurking in. This is because in the practice aimed at increasing the speed of identifying a note name from notes on the score and then moving the finger to the position of the note name, the speed of a series of reading work will be reduced. Because there is a limit to progress.

As pointed out in conventional piano guidance, to enable performance while viewing the score, including the first performance, the above-mentioned "Replacement of musical score notes to pitch names" and "Play from the pitch name" above This is because it is necessary to develop the ability to read the score graphically and project it directly onto the keyboard, rather than to become proficient in the sequential translation work of “finding the key of the power keyboard”. In other words, it can be said that a skilled piano player can image the state of a finger moving on the keyboard just by looking at the score.
However, it is often said that the sense that should be possessed by those who are intermediate or higher is naturally nurtured by learning many songs from their childhood over time in the traditional piano education. For this reason, if you do not realize how to read the score graphically, you will not be able to learn how to read the score easily no matter how much you practice. This is why there are many learners who are frustrated with the piano.

  Many techniques for specifying the position of a key on a keyboard from notes on a musical score have been proposed so far (see, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3). All of these conventional techniques make it possible to connect notes and keys without using the names of names by using shapes, colors, etc., but basically the relationship between notes and keys is one-to-one. Therefore, it is not expected to be effective in the sense of cultivating the ability to connect musical scores to the image of a keyboard. Also, depending on how you use it, it may only be possible to learn and play just that song without developing the ability to read traditional music. This is because learners who feel painful to read the score tend to learn only finger movements as soon as possible and move away from reading the score. The same can be said for the method disclosed in Patent Document 4 that displays the keystroke position and the hand position.

U.S. Pat. No. 1,806,964 US Pat. No. 6,284,961 US Pat. No. 6870085 specification Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-280641

  In order to actively improve the reading ability of learners of piano instruments such as piano, develop the ability to capture the notes on the score and visualize them as finger movements on the keyboard. Technology that supports learning methods is needed. According to this technique, the learner is not required to start from childhood as compared with the conventional education method, and can provide a learning guide useful for self-students.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a technique that makes it possible to cultivate a sense of imaging the periphery of a keyboard to be played at the moment when a note on a musical score is viewed and the positions of hands and fingers placed there.

The inventor of the present application has found that the above problem can be solved by color-coding the grand staff according to the keyboard group, and has completed the present invention.
That is, in a musical score display device using a printed musical score for playing a musical instrument or an electronic display, the keyboard arrangement within one octave is divided into keyboard groups for each part having visual characteristics, and each keyboard group A musical score display device using a printed musical score or an electronic display is provided in which the individual notes are displayed in different colors or different shapes for each keyboard group.

  According to the present invention, several notes (a plurality of notes that are played simultaneously or a plurality of notes that are continuous in time) are visually recognized on the keyboard without sequentially interpreting the notes described in the score via the note names. Efficiently develop a sense of recalling the key to be played with the image.

2 shows an example of a printed score according to the present invention. (Example 1) A group of keys shown in the present invention. The area | region on the score corresponding to the keyboard group divided by this invention is shown. The panel installed along the back | inner side of the arrangement | sequence of a keyboard which is one Embodiment of the display apparatus aiming at making it easy to recognize the keyboard group shown by this invention on a keyboard. The implementation figure when installing the panel shown in FIG. 4 in the piano. (Example 2) In C major, the clef of the grand staff, the clef of each clef, and the position on the added line and the keyboard along with the note name. The panel which displays the response | compatibility with each key of the keyboard musical instrument used with the learning method used together with this invention, and each sound of a staff score. The implementation figure when installing the panel shown in FIG. 7 in the piano. (Example 3)

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, FIG. 1 which is a part of a musical score printed as the first embodiment according to the present invention is shown (a practice song C minor work 10-12 known as Chopin's "Evolution of Revolution"). Basically, the notes are arranged in the same way as a score for piano performance of a conventional grand staff. The feature of the present invention is that the keyboard arrangement is divided into two groups having graphical features as will be described later, and the color arrangement or shape is different so that the notes belonging to each group can be easily recognized visually. It is a point with. In FIG. 1, the shape of the note is distinguished into two types, a conventional round shape (11) and a star shape (12). In actual implementation, in order to improve the continuity of learning with the conventional musical score, it is considered more desirable to use the two different colors in the conventional note shape. For example, it is a display method in which a note represented by a star shape (12) is represented in red as in a conventional round shape, and a note in the conventional round shape (11) is represented in blue.

The two types of keyboard groups are shown in FIG. The arrangement of the twelve keys constituting one octave can be distinguished into two types: an area (21) containing two black keys and an area (22) containing three black keys. The basis for this grouping is the ease of visual visuals of the keyboard. It is often pointed out that it is important to be able to draw the image of the keyboard arrangement in the head even in the conventional piano education method.
For example, a place where two black keys are lined up and a place where three black keys are lined up is easily imaged, and a method of imposing practice of impressing the image of those keyboard groups on the early stage in early childhood education is widely accepted. The grouping of keyboards in the present invention is devised in order to follow the traditional method of distinguishing the keyboards, and to make it easier to link to a specific score reading ability.
Here, this grouping is defined using English pitch names. A group C to E (hereinafter referred to as a group CE) including two sequences of black keys 21 shown in FIG. 2 and a group F to B including three sequences of black keys 22 shown in FIG. 2 (hereinafter referred to as groups CE). , Group FB). As a result, the piano keyboard as a whole can be regarded as an arrangement in which these two groups are alternately arranged. The English pitch names corresponding to the keys on the keyboard are shown in FIG.

  The object of the present invention is to train the piano learners to impress the visual image of these keyboard groups and to instantly draw which keyboard group the note is on when reading the score. It is.

  In the musical score printed as described above, it is desirable to express notes in different colors for each group by grouping the keyboard in the present invention. The color selection may be arbitrary, but here, it is assumed that the notes of group C-E are red and group F-B is blue. As a result, in the grand staff, the notes are colored red and blue in the area shown in FIG. This makes it possible to grasp the difference between the staves of the clef indicated by the treble clef and the staves of the clef indicated by the clef as a visual difference to which range of the keyboard each staves correspond. it can.

  Each song has its own key, and is usually recorded on the score in one of 30 different keys in major and minor keys. The keyboard group in the present invention is as shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 as a visual image on the keyboard, and is invariant regardless of the key or the temporary symbol. On the other hand, in the musical score to which the present invention is applied, the keys of C, F, B, and E, which correspond to both ends of two keyboard groups depending on the key and the accidental symbols, are synonymous (same key on the keyboard but different on the musical score) It is sometimes expressed as a note notated at a position). For example, B # and C, E # and F, C ♭ and B, F ♭ and E, and the like have different names. These are expressed as a semitone lower or upper semitone position on the staff, but according to the notation of the keyboard group to which the key to be pressed belongs.

  By using the musical score according to the present invention, the performer immediately recalls the keyboard image of the group CE (21 in FIG. 2) and the keyboard image of the group FB (22 in FIG. 2) by distinguishing the color of the notes and the shape of the notes. This makes it easy to determine where to place the finger or the entire hand. Therefore, it is possible to give the learner a view of looking over the keyboard more widely than searching for the position of the corresponding keyboard from the note names. This is more straightforward than grasping the position of the staff by pitch name, and is useful for later learning.

  By visually expressing which group of notes on the score belongs to by different colors and different note shapes, several notes can be displayed in the same color in the vertical and horizontal directions at the same time as shown in Fig. 1. It can be easily understood as a lump. This leads to an increase in the ability to view a musical score with a wider field of view than reading notes one by one sequentially. In addition to following the sounds that should be played, it is possible to efficiently develop the ability to image the movement of the entire hand.

The wide field of view leads to preventing fatigue and reading mistakes caused by moving the line of sight from the musical score to the keyboard each time a single note is read. In addition, capturing a large flow of music and the movement of the hand position corresponding to it greatly works for memorizing the music.
As described above, the present invention provides a means for efficiently performing training to read information on the rough positions and movements of hands and fingers that can be judged from the music score from the music score from the beginner's stage. It greatly contributes to the practice of beginners and self-taught piano students.

  The musical score display according to the present invention can be easily performed on an electronic display device. In this case, the reading ability can be improved more efficiently by switching the state of the music of the same song between the state of not color-coding and the state of not being color-coded according to the progress of learning.

  The present invention does not require preparation for attaching a dedicated sticker to a keyboard as found in the prior art, and it is also a great advantage that the musical score itself is processed and only the color coding of the notes or the shape of the notes is changed. Moreover, a learner who has continued to train with a score according to the present invention can easily use the sense (the sense of recalling a keyboard group from the position of a note) cultivated there when reading a normal score to play a conventional score. Can be migrated.

  The second embodiment particularly relates to piano education for young children. When the present invention is applied to an infant piano beginner, it may take time to grasp the two types of keyboard groups described above. For example, if you explained to an infant that “two black keys and three black keys”, the number of black keys is a number, despite the obvious visual difference between these two keyboard groups. It may take time to understand because of the concept of

  FIG. 4 shows a panel-like configuration installed along the back side of the keyboard array, in which different colors are arranged for each keyboard group in order to assist the reading of the two types of keyboard groups on the actual keyboard. A display device is shown. FIG. 5 shows an example in which this panel is installed. By matching the color coding of this panel with the color coding of the score in the present invention, learning can be performed without difficulty.

The third embodiment relates to a learning method when a key song that frequently uses # (sharp) or ♭ (flat) is used as a key signature. The inventor of the present application has previously applied for a display device for assisting practice of a keyboard instrument such as a piano (Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-057482). This is a display device that displays the correspondence between each key of the keyboard instrument and each sound of the staff, and the position of the key corresponding to each sound on the staff line corresponding to the desired key signature and between the staff lines The display device is characterized in that a mark for indicating is displayed so as to be visually distinguishable.
FIG. 7 shows an example of a panel installed along the back side of the keyboard arrangement which is one of the embodiments. By selecting a panel prepared according to the desired key and setting the center mark (71) according to the specified keyboard position, the notes (black mark 72) shown on the line of the staff in that key It is possible to easily read which key on the keyboard corresponds to the note (white mark 73) shown between the lines of the staff. FIG. 8 shows a state where this panel is actually installed.

  By combining the musical score indicating the two keyboard groups in the present invention with this practice-assisting display device, it is possible to easily find the key to be played without considering the note name or key, even in a musical score that is difficult for beginners. It becomes possible.

  The musical score (major staff) expression method for keyboard instruments such as the piano according to the present invention can be realized as a printed musical score, an electronic display device, and an electronic score display unit incorporated in a keyboard instrument. Yes, it can be widely used in the musical score publishing, keyboard instrument manufacturing, sales industrial fields and music education industrial fields.

11 Round note 12 Star note 21 C to E keyboard group 22 F to B keyboard group 23 White key 24 Black key 31 C to E keyboard group 32 F to B keyboard group 33 Red note 34 Blue note 41 Red area showing the keyboard group from C to E 42 Blue area showing the keyboard group from F to B 51 Panel showing the keyboard group 52 Keyboard 53 Back 61 Grand staff 62 G clef 63 H clef 64 Stave 65 Line 66 Central additional line 67 Center c 68 Keyboard 69 English note name 71 Center mark 72 Black mark 73 White mark 81 Keyboard 82 Panel 83 Back

Claims (4)

  In a musical score display device using a printed musical score or an electronic display for playing a keyboard instrument, the keyboard arrangement within one octave is divided into key groups each having a visual feature, and each keyboard group A musical score display device using a printed musical score or an electronic display, wherein the musical notes are displayed in different colors or different shapes for each keyboard group.   Divide the keyboard into two groups of octave units, a sequence of keys containing black keys in the range C to E of the English note name, and a sequence of keys containing black keys from F to B. 2. A musical score display apparatus using a printed musical score or electronic display according to claim 1, wherein the musical score has a different shape.   In order to assist the reading of the keyboard groups characterized by claims 1 and 2 on the actual keyboard, a panel-like shape arranged along the back side of the keyboard arrangement, in which different colors are arranged for each keyboard group Display device.   A display device that displays the correspondence between each key of a keyboard instrument and each sound of a staff notation, in order to indicate the position of the key corresponding to each sound on and between the staff lines corresponding to a desired key signature The practice method using the display device according to claim 1, further comprising a display device characterized in that the mark is displayed so as to be visually distinguishable.