JP2010261664A - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To provide a lightweight grain dryer that is not bulky during storage, and that is particularly easy to attach and detach the dryer main body and sheet body and to / from the dryer main body and the cerealing device. I will provide a.
A bottom surface portion 4a of a sheet body 4 is formed with a grain discharge opening 4e at the center thereof, and flanges 7a to 7d are mounted on a lower portion 4f of the discharge opening 4e, In the center of the dryer main body 2, a grain discharge basket 8 for discharging the grains stored in the sheet body 4 is provided, and the sheet body 4 is attached to and detached from the upper end of the grain discharge basket 8. In order to achieve a possible configuration, slide grooves 9a and 9d that are fitted to the flanges 7a to 7d are provided.
[Selection] Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain dryer that is easy to store.

  Grain dryers are used only during certain harvest periods, such as in the fall of the year, and after use, the remaining rice and dust collected in the machine are blown away and cleaned, and then stored in a barn or other warehouse. However, a conventional grain dryer manufactured using a material such as a steel plate is very inconvenient to move during storage because of its large volume and heavy weight. Then, what is disclosed by patent document 1 is known as a lightweight grain dryer, without being bulky at the time of accommodation, for example. This includes a dryer body having a grain flow passage through which hot air for drying passes, a sheet body forming a closed space above the dryer body, and a detachably attached to the dryer body. It is the structure provided with the support frame which supports a sheet | seat body, and the grain raising apparatus which transfers the grain which flowed down the said grain flow path to the upper end part of the said closed space.

  As a result, the part that becomes the grain storage tank is made of a sheet body, and since the support frame is detachably attached to the dryer body, the sheet body and the support frame are removed from the dryer body during storage, Since the sheet body and the support frame can be separated and folded, the sheet body is not bulky and light in weight, which makes it very convenient for storage. If the amount of grain to be dried is small, the support frame can be moved up and down and fixed to the dryer body, and the connection tube of the cerealing device with a length corresponding to this can be used to dry the grain during use. There is also an advantage that the height of the machine can be lowered.

  However, in the grain dryer described in Patent Document 1, as a method of fixing the sheet body to the dryer body, the lower end portion of the sheet body is attached to a plurality of locking fittings attached around the upper end portion of the dryer body. It is done by fitting a plurality of holes provided in the surroundings, but the work of fitting the plurality of locking brackets and the plurality of holes is a cumbersome and cumbersome work of assembling and disassembling considering the alignment etc. there were. In particular, a machine with simplified assembly and disassembly work has been desired for the elderly.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-105684

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a lightweight grain dryer that is not bulky during storage, and is particularly detachable between the dryer body and the sheet body, and between the dryer body and the cerealing device. The technical problem is to provide a grain dryer that is extremely simple and has improved assembly and disassembly workability.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a dryer main body (2) formed in a cylindrical shape or a polygonal cylindrical shape so as to guide the drying air upward, and to ventilate the dryer main body (2). The blower fan (3), the breathable bottom surface portion (4a) and the non-breathable side surface portion (4b) are formed on the dryer main body (2) to allow the ventilation drying of the grains. A grain dryer having a cylindrical sheet body (4), wherein a bottom part (4a) of the sheet body (4) is formed with a grain discharge opening (4e) at the center thereof. At the same time, flanges (7a) to (7d) are attached to the lower part (4f) of the discharge opening (4e), while the sheet body (4) is stored in the center of the dryer body (2). Provided with a grain discharge basket (8) for discharging the processed grain, and the upper end of the grain discharge basket (8) Order to the detachable sheet member (4), said flange (7a) ~ (7d) and fitted slide groove (9a), took technical means that, provided (9d).

  The invention according to claim 2 forms a space (31) for discharging the grain from the center of the dryer body (2) to the outer peripheral direction in the dryer body (2). 31), a transverse feed screw (13) equipped with a moving caster (17) is detachably installed.

  A third aspect of the present invention is such that a grain feeding hopper (6) for feeding grains from the outside and a cerealing device (5) are integrally disposed on the terminal side of the transverse feed screw (13). The grain input hopper (6) and the cerealing device (5) are formed integrally and detachably from the dryer body (2).

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a cerealing blade (26) of a cerealing device (5) is pivotally attached to the end of the screw (15) of the transverse feed screw (13), and the cereal is produced by rotation of the screw (15). It was set as the structure which uses both the horizontal feed of a grain and whipping.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the grain discharge basket (8) is provided with a slide shutter (11) capable of switching between storage and discharge of the grain by opening and closing its opening surface.

  In the invention according to claim 6, another sheet body having a mesh width smaller than that of the sheet body (4) is provided in the sheet body (4) so as to prevent leakage of minor grains having a small particle size. It is characterized by that.

  According to invention of Claim 1, when removing the sheet | seat body (4) from a dryer main body (2), if the bottom part (4a) of a sheet | seat body (4) is turned up by hand, a grain discharge basket (8 ) The flanges (7a) to (7d) fitted in the slide grooves (9a) and (9d) at the upper end are exposed. Then, by removing the knob bolt and the like and removing the flanges (7a) to (7d) from the slide grooves (9a) and (9d), the sheet body (4) can be easily removed from the dryer main body (2). The sheet body (4) detached from the dryer main body (2) can be folded and stored, and is not bulky and lightweight, so it is very convenient for storage.

  According to invention of Claim 2, while forming the space part (31) for grain discharge over the outer peripheral direction from the said dryer main body (2) center part, it is for movement in this space part (31). A transverse feed screw (13) provided with a caster (17) is detachably installed. When the transverse feed screw (13) is inserted into and removed from the dryer main body (2), the moving caster (17) is used. The transverse feed screw (13) can be easily removed without requiring labor.

  Moreover, according to invention of Claim 3, the grain input hopper (6) which inputs a grain from the outside, and the cerealing device (5) are integrated in the terminal side of the said transverse feed screw (13). The grain feeding hopper (6) and the cerealing device (5) are detachably formed from the dryer body (2), and the transverse feed screw (13) is detached from the dryer body (2). With the insertion / removal, the grain input hopper (6) and the cerealing device (5) can be integrally attached and detached.

  Furthermore, according to invention of Claim 4, it becomes possible to use both horizontal feed of a grain and whipped grain by rotation of a screw (15).

  And according to invention of Claim 5, the storage of the grain to a sheet | seat body (4), or the switch of discharge | emission of the grain from a sheet | seat body (4) is attained.

  According to invention of Claim 6, since another sheet | seat body whose mesh width of a mesh is smaller than this sheet | seat body (4) is equipped in the sheet | seat body (4), the leakage of the minor grains with a small particle size is carried out. It can be prevented and applied to the drying of millet.

It is a perspective view of the grain dryer which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the grain dryer. It is a top view of the grain dryer. It is a perspective view which shows the removal | desorption state of a dryer main body and a cerealing apparatus. It is a schematic sectional drawing when it fractures | ruptures by the AA line of FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing when it fractures | ruptures by the BB line of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows attachment / detachment with a dryer main body and a sheet | seat body. It is a graph which shows the time transition of the moisture in the sheet | seat body.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view of a grain dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the grain dryer, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the grain dryer, and FIG. 4 is a dryer. It is a perspective view which shows the removal | desorption state of a main body and a cerealing apparatus, FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional drawing when it fractures | ruptures by the AA line of FIG. 3, FIG. 6 fractured | ruptured by the BB line of FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing the attachment and detachment of the dryer main body 2 and the sheet body 4.

  1 to 7, the grain dryer 1 includes a cylindrical or polygonal cylindrical dryer body 2 for guiding the drying air upward and ventilating the grain, and a side surface portion of the dryer body 2. A blower fan 3 with a heating heater, a cylindrical sheet body 4 covering the upper end of the dryer body 2 and forming a grain storage tank on the upper side of the dryer body 2, From the cerealing device 5 that lifts the grain in order to put the grain into the sheet body 4, and the grain input hopper 6 that is connected to the cerealing device and can input the grain from the outside. The main part is composed. Reference numeral 32 denotes a support for supporting the sheet body 4 and preventing the sheet body 4 from toppling over.

  As shown in FIG.5 and FIG.6, the said sheet | seat body 4 has the bottom face part 4a and the side part 4b, and the upper surface part is an open shape. The bottom surface portion 4a is air permeable, the side surface portion 4b is non-air permeable, and the top surface portion 4c is a grain filling opening 4d that also serves as a vent. The bottom surface portion 4a has a grain discharge opening 4e surrounded by a gas-permeable material (such as a mesh net) in a cylindrical shape at the center thereof.

  As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, flanges 7 a to 7 d having a rectangular shape in plan view are attached to the sheet body lower portion 4 f in the vicinity of the discharge opening 4 e, and the dryer body 2 A grain discharge basket 8 that receives the grains stored in the sheet body 4 and a slide shutter 11 that opens and closes the opening surface of the grain discharge basket 8 are installed in the inner central portion on the side. The grain discharge basket 8 is provided with slide grooves 9a and 9d, and the flanges 7a to 7d below the sheet body can be fitted into the slide grooves 9a and 9d. After being fitted into the slide grooves 9a and 9d, the flange 7b and the slide groove 9b can be screwed together with the knob bolt 10 and fixed. This has a configuration in which the sheet body 4 and the dryer main body 1 can be easily detached with the image of mounting a paper pack on the vacuum cleaner.

  The slide shutter 11 is formed of an opening surface 11a for discharging the grain, a closing surface 11b for storing the grain, and an operation bar 11c for opening and closing operation, and can switch between storing and discharging the grain. It has become. Further, below the slide shutter 11, a transverse screw 13 for discharging the grain, to which the hopper portion 12 is connected on the start end side, is disposed. As shown in FIG. 6, a long hole-like space 31 is formed in the dryer main body 2 so that the transverse feed screw 13 can be inserted and removed from the center of the dryer main body 2 in the outer peripheral direction. The transverse feed screw 13 is composed of a long conveyor case 14 and a screw 15 horizontally provided in the conveyor case 14 so as to be rotatable. A grain input hopper 6 for inputting the grains and a whipped sloWer 5 as a cerealing device are integrally provided. On the terminal end side of the screw 15, a whipping blade 27 (see FIG. 6) of the whipping thrower 5 is pivotally attached, and by rotating the screw 15, the horizontal feeding of the grain and the whipping are combined. It has a configuration.

And the caster 17 and 18 for a movement are each provided in the lower surface of the machine case 16 in which the said conveyor case 14 lower surface and the grain-flooring lower 5 are equipped, and as shown in FIG. If the knob nuts 19a, 20a screwed to 20 are removed, the transverse feed screw 13, the grain charging hopper 6, and the whipped slater 5 can be integrally inserted and removed from the space 31 of the dryer body 2. It has become. That is, if the transverse screw 13 is inserted into the space 31 of the dryer main body 2 and the slide shutter 11 is operated, the grains stored in the sheet body 4 are converted into the grain discharge basket 8 and the hopper. Through the part 12 and the screw 15, the grain is taken out from the central part of the dryer body 2 in the outer peripheral direction.

As shown in FIG. 6, the screw 15 is formed in the screw 15 b having a narrow screw blade pitch in the vicinity of the grain charging hopper 6, and measures are taken to reduce the frequency of clogging of the milled grain lower 5. Also good. Reference numeral 21 denotes a moving caster attached to the bottom of the dryer main body 2 and is configured so that the dryer main body 2 can be easily moved to a storage location.

  The grain charging hopper 6 is covered with a machine frame 16 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped side surface, and a drive motor 22 is built in the machine frame 16 (see FIG. 4). A motor pulley 23 attached to the motor shaft of the drive motor 22 is wound around a drive pulley 24 attached to the screw shaft at the end of the screw 15 by a V belt 25. Thereby, when the drive motor 22 is driven, the screw 15 rotates and the grain that has been thrown into the grain throwing hopper 6 and the grain that has been discharged from the grain discharge trough 8 are laterally fed to the side of the lifted grain drawer 5. At the same time, the whipping blade 27 (see FIG. 6) of the whipping thrower 5 is rotated to cereal the grain. Reference numerals 28a, 28b, and 28c are whipping cylinders. When an operator holds and rotates the uppermost whipping cylinder 28c by hand, the grain discharge direction can be changed. For example, the grains are removed from the machine. It is configured to be able to arbitrarily select whether to discharge or re-inject the grain into the sheet body 4.

  Also, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a skirt portion 29 for preventing wind leakage is provided continuously at the joint between the side surface portion 4b and the bottom surface portion 4a of the sheet body 4 and extends downward from the side surface portion 4b. ing. A rubber band 30 is disposed at the lower end of the skirt portion 29.

The operation of the grain dryer configured as described above will be described with reference to the drawings. For example, about 500 kg to 1,000 kg of ginger harvested by a combine, with a moisture content of 20% or more, is transported to the vicinity of the barn with a Glen container attached to a light truck, and a spring conveyor attached to the Glen container as shown in FIG. It is charged into the grain charging hopper 6 through 33. Next, when the operator rotates the whipping cylinder 28c by hand and changes the direction so that the grain discharging direction is put into the sheet body 4, and the drive motor 22 is driven, the grain is put into the grain feeding hopper 6. The processed grain is laterally fed to the side of the slaughtered grain 5 by the rotation of the screw 15. And when it reaches the cerealing lower 5, the cereals are ceased by the rotation of the cerealing blades 27, and the ginger is fed from the upper surface 4c (filling opening 4d) of the sheet body 4.

  Next, the upper surface portion 4c is opened, and the skirt portion 29 covers the side surface portion of the dryer main body 2 and is tightened by the rubber band 30 to prevent air blow-out (see FIGS. 5 and 6).

After the various preparations are completed in this way, for example, when the blower fan 3 with a heating heater is operated so that the air volume ratio is 0.322 m ³ / s · t and the hot air temperature is about 35 ° C., the outside air is heated. Then, the drying air is blown to the basket through the dryer body 2 and the air-permeable bottom surface portion 4a, so that the basket can be ventilated. In particular, when 12 hours have elapsed from the start of drying under the above conditions, when the screw 15 and the cereal thrower 5 are operated, the grain layer is stirred and air-dried again, the drying rate satisfies 0.24% / h. It was confirmed that ginger with a moisture content of 22.5% was dried to 16.7% in 24 hours (see the graph in FIG. 8).

  Desorption between the dryer main body and the sheet body and the desorption between the dryer main body and the cerealing device of the grain dryer 1 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.

  When removing the sheet body 4 from the dryer body 2, first, the operator removes the rubber band 30, and when the bottom surface portion 4a of the sheet body 4 is turned up by hand, the slide grooves 9a and 9d are formed in the slide grooves 9a and 9d as shown in FIG. The fitted flanges 7a to 7d are exposed. When the knob bolt 10 is unscrewed and the flanges 7a to 7d are removed from the slide grooves 9a and 9d, the sheet body 4 can be easily removed from the dryer body 2. The sheet body 4 removed from the dryer main body 2 can be folded and stored, and is not bulky and lightweight, so it is very convenient for storage.

  Next, when removing the cerealing device 5 from the dryer body 2, as shown in FIG. 4, when the knob nuts 19 a and 20 a are removed and the charging hopper 6 is pulled out from the space 31 of the dryer body 2, the conveyor case 14, the conveyor case 14, the screw 15, the input hopper 6, and the whipped slater 5 are easily removed from the dryer main body 2 by moving casters 17 and 18 respectively disposed on the lower surface of the wrought grain lowerer 5 be able to. As described above, in the grain dryer 1 of the present invention, the cerealing device 5 can be removed by a simple operation of removing the knob nuts 19a and 20a, and the disassembling workability is improved. Even so, assembly and disassembly can be done easily.

  In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, also in the attachment or detachment of the dryer main body 2 and the ventilation fan 3, it is also possible to simplify an assembly / disassembly operation | work using a knob bolt, a knob nut, etc.

The sheet body 4 is made of a material such as polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene, and has a substantially cylindrical side surface portion 4b having a height of about 1.25 m and a diameter of about 1.3 m, and an upper edge of the side surface portion 4b. An upper surface portion 4c (filling opening portion 4d) provided, a bottom surface portion 4a formed to be air permeable, a discharge opening portion 4e formed at the center of the bottom surface portion 4a, and a rectangular shape in plan view attached to the opening portion 4e. It was comprised by the shape flanges 7a-7d. The bottom surface portion 4a is a mesh-structured net having a side of about 1.9 mm × 1.9 mm, which is large enough to prevent grains (for example, rice wheat) from leaking out.
The dryer body 2 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having a diameter of about 1.2 to 1.3 m and a height of about 0.5 m, which is the same as or slightly smaller than the side surface portion 4 b of the sheet body 4. Are provided with moving casters 21.
As shown in FIG. 7, the sheet body 4 and the dryer main body 2 are attached and detached by inserting the flanges 7 a to 7 d into the slide grooves 9 a and 9 d of the grain discharge basket 8 on the dryer main body 2 side and screwing them with the knob bolt 10. Completed by wearing. The sheet body 4 and the dryer main body 2 can be detached from the image just like mounting a paper pack on the vacuum cleaner, and the work was completed in about 5 minutes.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the detachment between the dryer main body 2 and the cerealing device 5 is performed by removing the knob nuts 19 a and 20 a and pulling out the charging hopper 6 from the space 31 of the dryer main body 2. The conveyor case 14, the screw 15, the feeding hopper 6, and the cerealing thrower 5 can be easily removed from the dryer main body 2 by the moving casters 17 and 18 respectively disposed on the lower surface and the cerealing lowering surface 5. did it. This work was completed in about 5 minutes.

  The sheet body 4 forms a net having a mesh structure of about 1.9 mm × 1.9 mm on one side to the extent that grain (eg, rice wheat) does not leak out on the bottom surface portion 4a. Inside this sheet body 4, another sheet body having a diameter slightly smaller than that of the sheet body 4 and having a mesh width of about 0.89 mm × 0.89 mm as a mesh structure at the bottom is provided. Thus, it is possible to prevent leakage of small grains such as rapeseed, millet and millet, and it is possible to dry even minor grains.

  It can be applied to grain dryers that are easy to store.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grain dryer 2 Dryer main body 3 Blower fan 4 Sheet body 5 Grain raising device (flooding thrower)
6 Tension hopper 7 Flange 8 Grain discharge trough 9 Slide groove 10 Knob bolt 11 Shutter 12 Hopper section 13 Grain discharge transverse feed screw 14 Conveyor case 15 Screw 16 Machine frame 17 Moving caster 19 Moving caster 19 Bolt 20 Bolt 21 Moving caster 22 Drive motor 23 Motor pulley 24 Drive pulley 25 V-belt 26 Casing 27 Grain blade 28 Grain cylinder 29 Skirt portion 30 Rubber band 31 Space portion 32 Strut 33 Spring conveyor

Claims (6)

A dryer body (2) formed in a cylindrical or polygonal cylinder shape to guide the drying air upward, a blower fan (3) ventilating the dryer body (2), and a breathable bottom surface ( Grain drying provided with a cylindrical sheet body (4) formed by 4a) and a non-breathable side surface part (4b) and mounted on the dryer main body (2) to enable air drying of the grains Machine,
In the bottom surface part (4a) of the sheet body (4), a grain discharge opening (4e) is formed in the central part, and a flange (on the lower part (4f) of the discharge opening (4e) is formed. 7a) to (7d) are mounted, while the dryer main body (2) is provided with a grain discharge basket (8) for discharging the grain stored in the sheet body (4) at the center inside the dryer body, Slide grooves (9a) and (9d) fitted to the flanges (7a) to (7d) so that the sheet body (4) can be attached to and detached from the upper end of the grain discharge basket (8). A grain dryer characterized by the provision of   In the dryer body (2), a space (31) for discharging the grain is formed from the center of the dryer body (2) to the outer periphery, and the space (31) is used for movement. 2. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein a transverse feed screw (13) provided with casters (17) is detachably installed. The transverse feed screw (13) is integrally provided with a grain feeding hopper (6) for feeding grain from the outside and a cerealing device (5) on the terminal side thereof, and the dryer body ( The grain dryer according to claim 2, wherein the grain input hopper (6) and the cerealing device (5) are integrally formed to be detachable from 2).   On the screw (15) end side of the transverse feed screw (13), a cerealing blade (26) of the cerealing device (5) is pivotally attached. The grain dryer according to claim 3, wherein the grain dryer is also used as a combination.   The grain according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the grain discharge basket (8) is provided with a slide shutter (11) capable of switching between storage and discharge of the grain by opening and closing its opening surface. Dryer.   The said sheet | seat body (4) is equipped with another sheet | seat body by which the mesh width of a mesh is smaller than the said sheet | seat body (4) so that the leakage of the minor grains with a small particle size may be prevented. A grain dryer according to any one of the above.

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