JP2010110741A - Method for producing fermentation residue concentrate - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a production method capable of producing a fermentation residue concentrate that is easy to use as a blended feed and that is well stored and distributed without decay.
A fermentation residue as a liquid to be treated is solid-liquid separated into a solid content side and a liquid content side using a solid-liquid separation device 2 utilizing a pressure difference due to a gap, and then the evaporator 3 is placed on the liquid content side. The method is a method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue, wherein the gap through which the liquid to be treated permeates is 500 μm or less. Preferably, a plurality of solid-liquid separation devices 2 are arranged in series, and The interval of the gap through which the liquid to be treated passes in the liquid separation apparatus 2 is 500 μm or less.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a fermentation residue concentrate for producing a by-product with high added value.

  In general, shochu, which is a typical example of distilled liquor in Japan, produces almost the same amount of distillation residue as so-called brewed shochu (shochu). Shochu is highly perishable and has been disposed of by ocean dumping or composting (spreading on farmland), but it is regulated from the viewpoint of preventing pollution and foul odors, and a new disposal method is required. .

  Shochu contains cellulose components that cannot be digested by humans, so it cannot be used as it is, but it contains oxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, amino acids such as glutamic acid, polyphenols, and other crude protein components. The value as a raw material for livestock feed was recognized.

  However, if the shochu is left for half a day or one day at an outside temperature, a rotting odor is generated and the taste of the livestock is reduced, so that it becomes difficult to use as feed.

  For this reason, it is a conventional treatment method that the shochu produced as a by-product is immediately transported to a pig farming facility or the like by a lorry vehicle and then mixed with other compounding agents and supplied.

  In recent years, instead of the conventional treatment method, a method of effectively using shochu as a constituent material of mixed feed has been studied.

  However, the solid content concentration of shochu, which is a fermentation residue, is only 5 to 10% by weight, and most of it is moisture, so the degree of freedom of blending is greatly reduced, and there are significant restrictions on both distribution and feed blending. There was no commercialization of feed production.

  On the other hand, shochu contains a relatively large amount of ingredients such as citric acid and acetic acid that prevent spoilage, so concentrate shochu that has a solid content of only 5 to 10% to reduce the amount of crude protein and citric acid concentration. By raising the feed, the value of feed and anti-corruption (antibacterial properties) have been improved, and attempts have been made to reduce the volume (concentration) of shochu to a product that can be distributed.

  Concentration of liquid can generally be handled by evaporation or membrane methods, but in the case of shochu, it contains an adhesive component such as molasses, so it uses a membrane (dialysis membrane, osmosis membrane, ion exchange membrane) as it is. Is difficult to adopt.

  In order to save fuel as a heat source in the evaporation method, evaporation with a multi-effect can is performed exclusively. However, since ordinary multi-effect cans are liquids, the shochu is also sufficiently fluid after concentration. It is desirable to maintain a certain liquid state. The preferred fluidity is up to a level of about 100 mPsec (100 cP) as a numerical value measured with a vibration type viscometer at the operating temperature of the final stage of the concentration step (for example, 70 ° C. when the multi-effect can is discharged).

  In general, in concentration using a multi-effect can, it is most important to lower this viscosity, but it is important to remove as much feed value as possible from the solid content in the shochu beforehand. For example, in the case of a shochu liquor with a particularly high fiber content, some cellulose is decomposed by cellulase treatment to lower the viscosity of the liquid (Patent Document 1).

In addition, high-level solid-liquid separation using a decanter without using an enzyme can concentrate liquid-side shochu to about 50%, but such thorough solid-liquid separation is mischievous. In order to increase the amount of solid content having a high water content, the treatment becomes a problem. In order to improve the handleability of such high water content solids, a method of adding and drying a bran and making it into a feed has also been put into practical use, but the cost of obtaining and drying the bran is poor business I'm making things.
JP 2004-298023 A

  As a pre-treatment of the shochu before being introduced into the multi-effect can, the liquid side is used without increasing the amount on the solid side as much as possible by using a solid-liquid separator such as a screw press mold or rotary press mold instead of a decanter. It is a very important key how to reduce the amount of non-soluble solids (suspension) contained in.

  In the case of brown sugar shochu or barley shochu, which is easy to concentrate using a multi-effect can, and the pretreatment using a normal screw press solid-liquid separator, the present inventors set the solid content concentration to 15%. The following findings were obtained in comparison with the case of the shochu shochu, which can only be raised by about%.

  Using an optical microscope capable of observing up to several tens of μm, screen processing with a gap (mesh) of about 700 μm is performed, and each shochu is observed. In the case of brown sugar or wheat, no solid gel is observed. On the other hand, the solids having a spherical shape such as a 200 to 500 μm level can be confirmed.

  Here, an important finding found by the present inventors is that this solid matter is not colored with respect to the element, but rather the portion colored in blue is a sol-like region that fills between the solid matter. It was.

  When observing the shochu shochu with an electron microscope, many spherical substances called starch granules of 10 μm level are observed, but this large spherical substance with a diameter of several hundred μm is not a simple starch granule but a solid substance containing cellulose. Conceivable.

  Furthermore, as a result of experiments conducted by the present inventors, when a cellulase and / or amylase enzyme is used in shochu shochu, the viscosity decreases as is generally said, but a large spherical substance having a diameter of several hundred μm. Was found to remain almost intact under microscopic observation (see the micrograph in FIG. 3).

  Therefore, the present invention has been completed by finding the above findings, and the problem is that a production method capable of producing a fermentation residue concentrate that is easy to use as a mixed feed can be stored and distributed without decay. It is to provide.

  Other problems of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

  The inventors of the present invention are difficult to obtain a shochu liquor liquid concentrated to about 30% solids with a multi-effect can even if the enzyme treatment is performed to reduce the viscosity. It has been found that it is necessary to remove this large solid in order to obtain a concentrated solution that is well distributed and easy to use as a mixed feed.

  In addition, in the thermobalance measurement of the untreated and enzyme-treated soot shochu, the hydrophilicity of the one after enzyme treatment is greatly reduced, so that the peak position of the dehydrated temperature shifts significantly to the low temperature side. I found it.

  Furthermore, in each shochu, the solid concentration that is excellent in storage and distribution and easy to use as a mixed feed material is usually 30% by weight or more, and in order to obtain such a concentrated solution by a multi-effect can, The present inventors have found that it is important to perform concentration after removing insoluble solids that impair the performance.

  That is, the present invention completed by the above knowledge has the following configuration.

(Claim 1)
Solid-liquid separation of the fermentation residue, which is the liquid to be treated, into a solid content side and a liquid content side using a solid-liquid separation device using a pressure difference due to the gap
Next, a method for producing a fermentation residue concentrate by concentrating the liquid side using an evaporator,
A method for producing a fermentation residue concentrate, wherein a gap interval through which the liquid to be treated passes is 500 μm or less.

(Claim 2)
The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of solid-liquid separators are arranged in series, and a gap interval through which the liquid to be treated permeates in the subsequent solid-liquid separator is 500 µm or less. .

(Claim 3)
3. The solid-liquid separator includes a screen, and when the liquid to be processed permeates, pressurizes the liquid to be processed to generate a pressure difference using a gap between the screens. Of producing a fermentation residue concentrate.

(Claim 4)
The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid to be treated is rice shochu, and the gap interval through which the rice shochu permeates is 300 µm or less.

(Claim 5)
The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid to be treated is shochu shochu, and a gap interval through which the shochu shochu permeates is 150 µm or less.

(Claim 6)
The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid to be treated is brown sugar shochu, and the gap interval through which the brown sugar shochu permeates is 300 µm.

(Claim 7)
The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid to be treated is barley shochu, and the gap interval through which the barley shochu permeates is 300 µm or less.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a production method that can produce a fermentation residue concentrate that is easy to use as a blended feed, and that has good storage and distribution without being spoiled. In addition, in the case of producing a high blended feed, in the case of non-food-based fermentation residues, it is applied to the case of producing a high-density liquid fertilizer with excellent flowability.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a storage tank for storing a fermentation residue which is a liquid to be treated, and 10 is a stirrer.

  In the present invention, the fermentation residue includes a liquid substance containing a large amount of solid content remaining after distillation of the alcohol in the process of producing distilled liquor, for example, shochu shochu, barley shochu, rice shochu, brown sugar Examples include shochu such as shochu or a mixture thereof, and distilled spirit produced in the whiskey fermentation process. The fermentation residue of the present invention may be a methane fermentation residue.

  Reference numeral 2 denotes a solid-liquid separator. As the solid-liquid separator 2, a solid-liquid separator using a pressure difference due to a gap is used.

  As such a solid-liquid separator, an MF membrane (microfiltration membrane), a screw press, a rotary press, a vacuum dehydrator, a filter press, etc. can be used. Among them, an MF membrane or a screw press is used for solid-liquid separation of fermentation residues. Is preferred.

  In the present invention, “uses a pressure difference due to a gap” means that a separation part (screen, filter, etc.) capable of solid-liquid separation is provided with a gap (screen interval in the case of a screen, opening in a filter). When the fermentation residue is supplied from one side of the surface of the separation part and the separation liquid is taken out from the other side, a pressure difference between the both surfaces is generated in a pressurized state or a reduced pressure state, and the pressure difference is utilized. Means that.

  In the present invention, an interval of a gap through which the liquid to be treated permeates is 500 μm or less, and when the liquid to be treated is wheat shochu, rice shochu, brown sugar shochu, preferably 300 μm or less. In the case of wrinkles, it is preferably 150 μm or less, and most preferably 50 μm or less.

  According to the knowledge of the present inventors (as described in the background of the invention), a large spherical substance having a diameter of several hundred μm (for example, a level of 200 to 500 μm) contained in the liquid to be treated is a simple starch granule. Instead, it is considered to be a solid containing cellulose, and in the present invention, it is preferable to remove these cellulosic solids by a solid-liquid separator that utilizes a pressure difference due to a gap without enzymatic treatment.

  When the present inventors use cellulase and / or amylase enzymes for these large spherical substances, the viscosity decreases as generally said, but large spherical substances with a diameter of several hundred μm are It was found that the sample remained almost intact under a microscope. That is, even if it is considered as a solid substance containing cellulose, cellulase and / or amylase enzymes are not effective in the large spherical material, and no enzyme treatment effect is observed. Therefore, it was a conventional situation that the concentration could not be increased due to the presence of large spherical substances even in the subsequent concentration treatment.

  More specifically, even if the present inventors reduce the viscosity by performing an enzyme treatment, it is difficult to obtain a shochu liquor liquid concentrated to about 30% solid content with a multi-effect can, It has been found that it is necessary to remove this large solid in order to obtain a concentrated solution that has good storage and distribution without rot and is easy to use as a mixed feed. The effect peculiar to the present invention is exhibited.

  If the liquid to be treated can confirm the above-mentioned large spherical substance (considered as a solid substance containing cellulose), such as potato shochu, the interval between the permeating gaps should be set to 150 μm or less. Is most preferable, and is most preferably set to 50 μm or less. In the present invention, the enzyme treatment can be performed after removing the large spherical substance with the screen, and the screen treatment can be performed after the enzyme treatment or at the same time.

  In the present invention, the solid-liquid separation device 2 can have a plurality of solid-liquid separation devices 20, 21, 22 arranged in series, and in that case, a gap through which the liquid to be processed in the subsequent solid-liquid separation device 22 permeates. Is set to 500 μm or less. The interval between the gaps of the solid-liquid separators 20 and 21 on the upstream side is not particularly limited, but is preferably set as close as possible so as not to lower the temperature due to heat dissipation or the like. When installing a plurality of solid-liquid separation devices, all of the solid-liquid separation devices may be configured by a screw press. For example, the solid-liquid separation device 20 is a screw press and the solid-liquid separation device 21 is a wire strainer solid-liquid separation. Devices having different separation methods may be combined so that the device 22 is constituted by a membrane filter.

  By the solid-liquid separation in the solid-liquid separation step 2, the solid component side and the liquid component side are separated, and the separated liquid component side is sent to the evaporator 3 and concentrated.

  As the evaporator 3, a multi-effect canister or a spray-type evaporator can be used, and the viscosity of the liquid increases as the degree of concentration increases. For example, the reduced pressure forced circulation multi-effect manufactured by Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. It is preferable to use a mold concentrator.

  The fermentation residue concentrate obtained from the evaporator 3 has a water content of 70% or less and a solid content of 30% or more, preferably a water content of 60-45% and a solid content of 40-. More preferably, the moisture content is 55-50% and the solid content is 45-50%.

  The concentrated fermentation residue produced according to the present invention can be used as it is as a feed, or the solids separated by the solid-liquid separator 2 can be mixed and used as a concentrated mixture in the feed.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to such examples.

Example 1
Tests 1-28 were carried out using a stock solution of shochu made from rice bran, rice, brown sugar, and wheat as raw materials and a methane fermentation residue (60 ° C methane fermentation residue of milked cow manure), respectively. It was.

  About each test liquid, the concentration test was done using the commercially available rotary evaporator which is an alternative apparatus of the evaporator which has a rotating glass eggplant type flask (capacity about 1L) which can adjust pressure (decompression).

  The eggplant-shaped flask containing the test solution was placed in a thermostatic bath at 75 ° C. and rotated at 10 to 100 rpm. The inside of the flask was depressurized to a maximum pressure of -90 kPa. The test was terminated with the limit that the liquid flowing in the flask at any rotation speed starts rotating together with the flask wall while being concentrated in the liquid state.

  Prior to the above concentration test, solid-liquid separation was performed using a screen having different eye intervals as a solid-liquid separation device using a pressure difference due to the interval, and then concentration was performed. In addition, the case where the liquid was concentrated without using a screen was also tested.

  A screen type and a cylindrical type screen were used. The screen-type screen used was a wire mesh manufactured by Ameroid Japan Service Co., Ltd. Enzymes manufactured by Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and HIBI Co., Ltd. were used.

  Furthermore, the case where it pre-processed remove | eliminated large solid content with a screen, it processed with an enzyme after a process, and then concentrated was also tested. The amount of enzyme added was 0.1 wt% with respect to the mass of the solid content of the test solution, and in the case of two types, 0.1 wt% was added.

  Table 1 shows the undiluted solution of each shochu, iron after concentration test without screen treatment, and after screen treatment and after concentration test (TS, 107 ° C dry weighing) and neutral hydrogen ion concentration (Trivalent) retention (indicates the ability to retain iron in solution as an iron complex, and reflects the coexistence concentration of oxycarboxylic acid, amino acid, etc. It can be measured by voltammetry or coulometry. The concentration was determined from the iron trivalent (III) reduction wave height of the voltammogram as the detection electrode.

  The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

  As shown in Table 1, TS in the concentrate may be 30 wt% or more by the 100 μm screen treatment when the enzyme is not treated in the treatment of the shochu shochu and by the 250 μm screen treatment in the case of the enzyme treatment. all right. As a result, it turns out that it does not rot.

Flow sheet showing an embodiment of the present invention Explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of a solid-liquid separator Photomicrograph

Explanation of symbols

1 Storage tank 2 Solid-liquid separator 3 Evaporator

Claims (7)

Solid-liquid separation of the fermentation residue, which is the liquid to be treated, into a solid content side and a liquid content side using a solid-liquid separation device using a pressure difference due to the gap
Next, a method for producing a fermentation residue concentrate by concentrating the liquid side using an evaporator,
A method for producing a fermentation residue concentrate, wherein a gap interval through which the liquid to be treated passes is 500 μm or less.   The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of solid-liquid separators are arranged in series, and a gap interval through which the liquid to be treated permeates in the subsequent solid-liquid separator is 500 µm or less. .   3. The solid-liquid separation apparatus includes a screen, and when the liquid to be processed permeates, pressurizes the liquid to be processed to generate a pressure difference using a gap between the screens. Of producing a fermentation residue concentrate.   The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid to be treated is rice shochu, and the gap interval through which the rice shochu permeates is 300 µm or less. The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid to be treated is shochu shochu, and the gap interval through which the shochu is permeated is 150 µm or less.   The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid to be treated is brown sugar shochu, and the gap interval through which the brown sugar shochu permeates is 300 µm or less.   The method for producing a concentrated fermentation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid to be treated is barley shochu, and the gap interval through which the barley shochu permeates is 300 µm or less.