JP2010110261A - Agricultural pneumatic structure greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] Good for crop cultivation in facility horticulture, can achieve significant reduction in fuel consumption for heating, heat retention, translucency, anti-fogging, dust resistance, strength, anti-fusing, durability, Providing an agricultural air film structure house with excellent economic efficiency.
An agricultural air film structure house in which at least a ceiling portion of an agricultural house has a structure in which air is press-fitted by a blower between a polyolefin-based laminated film on an upper surface and a polyolefin-based laminated film 3 on a lower surface. In each of the polyolefin laminated films 3 on the upper surface and the lower surface, at least the outermost layer is an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer synthesized using a metallocene catalyst having a density in the range of 0.89 to 0.93 g / cm ³ as a resin component. It consists of a composition in which a polymer resin is blended in an amount of 50% by weight or more, and the polyolefin laminated film on the upper surface has antifogging properties, and the polyolefin laminated film 3 on the lower surface has spiny shaped micropores 4 having spines. Agricultural air film structure house characterized by being provided.
[Selection] Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural air film structure house, and more specifically, agricultural air excellent in heat retention, breathability, translucency, antifogging, dustproof, strength, fusion resistance, durability, and economy. It relates to a membrane structure house.

  Until now, the temperature in the house during the period from autumn to winter, the night in the early spring and the morning in the morning has been severely refrigerated due to the drastic decrease in the outside temperature. In order to have an adverse effect, it is common practice to take measures against hot air heating by installing and operating a heating boiler using fuel oil or kerosene as fuel. However, in response to the recent increase in fuel prices, recently, the aim was to improve the heat retention of agricultural houses as a way to reduce the cost of fuel costs for heavy oil and light oil by reducing the operation of heating boilers. Various methods have been devised and put into practical use, such as the use of a high thermal insulation performance covering material and the combined use of an outer covering material and an inner covering material.

  Among them, as one of the most effective methods for improving the heat retention of agricultural houses, in order to improve the form of new agricultural houses, that is, heat retention at night and temperature rise during the day, A house with an air film structure has been devised, in which a cover is installed using a double transparent plastic film on the ceiling, and air is blown and pressed into the gap. However, practical development has been promoted (Patent Documents 1 to 4).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-81242 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-55360 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-300831 JP-A-6-141688

  At that time, a method of adopting a plastic hard film typified by a polyester film, a fluorine film or the like having excellent durability and extremely good translucency as a covering material may be considered. However, in that case, the covering material itself is very expensive, and there are the following problems due to restrictions on the fixing method of the covering material to the agricultural house aggregate.

  That is, as the structure of an agricultural house that can be adopted, an inexpensive simple house that is most popular as an agricultural house, that is, without using a foundation, a pipe bent at the shoulder is inserted into the ground, The so-called steel-reinforced pipe type, in which two pipes are connected in a so-called underground push-in type pipe house or a concrete independent foundation, using a bending pipe on the roof and reinforced in combination with a steel frame A so-called steel frame that cannot be covered with a house (hereinafter referred to as “pipe-type house”), has an independent foundation, and has a roof-type steel structure that is the same type as a glass greenhouse. There are structural and economic problems of the house that are limited to covering the roof type house. For this reason, even now, it is actually deployed and utilized only in some special markets.

  On the other hand, taking advantage of the features that can be applied to both pipe-type houses and roof-type houses as a covering material, a double-layer coating is performed using a polyolefin-based laminated film, and air is blown and pressed into the gap. A structural house is also conceivable, but has the following problems.

  In other words, in the case of an agricultural air film structure house that employs a general-purpose polyolefin-based laminated film that is used as a covering material for the exterior of a conventional agricultural house, a double plastic film is placed on the ceiling of the house. Since it has an extended structure, it tends to exhibit poor growth due to lack of sunshine due to a part of the sunlight (particularly the visible light region) necessary for the growth of crops reaching the house.

For example, a method of changing the coating film thickness to a thin coating material having a thickness of 0.04 mm or less can be considered. However, in a conventional agricultural air film structure house using a polyolefin-based laminated film, its durability It is extremely difficult to develop performance that extends for 2 to 3 years or more.

  In addition, if air is blown between the films of an air film structure house that is simply stitched together, the humidity in the air coming out of the blower condenses, and water accumulates inside the double film and the film breaks, etc. There was a problem.

  In order to prevent the condensation of the water droplets, it is also conceivable to use a perforated film in which small holes having a diameter of 2.3 mm are provided at intervals of 10 cm on the film on the lower surface of the air film structure house. However, when using a conventional perforated film, it is necessary to reduce the size of the hole in order to achieve waterproofing and heat retention, but on the other hand, there is a disadvantage that sufficient ventilation is not performed, and conversely, the air permeability If the size of the air hole is increased in order to ensure the heat resistance, the heat insulating effect is impaired, and the outflow of air is large so that the function as a double membrane cannot be exhibited.

  In addition, the above-mentioned agricultural air-film house is generally used during autumn and winter, at night during the spring season, and in the morning when the house is severely chilled to prevent the temperature in the house from decreasing and crops. It is used for the purpose of promoting growth. Therefore, the air film structure is unnecessary in the period such as summer, and the operation of the blower for forming the air film in the period is wasteful economically. Therefore, in general, in the summer period, the operation of the blower is stopped and the two film covering materials are deflated and used as an agricultural house as a rain protection covering material.

  However, at this time, in the case of an agricultural air film structure house that employs a general-purpose polyolefin-based laminated film, two deflated film covering materials are melted from the film temperature rise due to the radiation energy of sunlight. As a result, when the blower is operated again in the autumn and later and used as an air film structure house, the two film covering materials may cause problems without partially expanding.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is good for crop cultivation in institutional horticulture, and can achieve significant savings in fuel consumption for heating, heat retention, breathability, and translucency. An object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural air film house having excellent antifogging properties, dustproof properties, strength, anti-fusing properties, durability and economy.

That is, the gist of the present invention is an agricultural air film structure house in which air is press-fitted by a blower between a polyolefin-based laminated film on the upper surface and a polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface of the agricultural house. In each of the polyolefin-based laminated films on the upper surface and the lower surface, at least the outermost layer is synthesized using a metallocene catalyst having a density in the range of 0.89 to 0.93 g / cm ³ as a resin component. It consists of a composition in which 50% by weight or more of an olefin copolymer resin is blended, the polyolefin laminated film on the upper surface has antifogging properties, and the polyolefin laminated film on the lower surface has spiny shaped micropores having spines. It exists in the air film structure house for agriculture characterized by being provided.

  According to the present invention, in an agricultural house, it is good for crop cultivation, can achieve further saving of heating fuel, heat retention, translucency, antifogging, dustproof, strength, anti-fusing property, An agricultural air film structure house excellent in durability and economy can be provided.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The agricultural air film structure house of the present invention has a structure in which at least the ceiling portion of the agricultural house has a structure in which air is press-fitted by a blower between the upper polyolefin laminated film and the lower polyolefin laminated film. is there. The layer structure of each of the polyolefin-based laminated films on the upper surface and the lower surface may be a structure of two or more layers, specifically, two types, two layers, two types, three layers, three types, three layers, three types, five layers, Examples of the film configuration include four types, four layers, four types, five layers, and five types, five layers. In each layer of the polyolefin-based laminated film, the content of the resin component is preferably 50 to 100% by weight.

The agricultural air film structure house of the present invention is characterized in that the density is 0.89 to 0.93 g / cm ^{3 in} the resin component in at least the outermost layer in each of the polyolefin-based laminated films on the upper surface and the lower surface. An ethylene-α olefin copolymer resin synthesized using a metallocene catalyst is an olefin-based resin composition having a composition of 50% by weight or more. Thereby, the outstanding translucency, dustproofness, intensity | strength, fusing resistance, and durability can be expressed. In the present invention, when the agricultural air film house is expanded, the side facing the crop in the house is referred to as the “inside” of the film.

  Examples of the α-olefin used in the production of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin (A) include propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, hexene-1, 4-methylpentene-1, octene-1, and decene. -1 and the like, and α-olefins having 4 to 8 carbon atoms are particularly preferable.

  As said metallocene catalyst component, what is called a metallocene olefin polymerization catalyst containing the metallocene catalyst component described in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-9724, Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-136195, etc. is used, for example. Such a polymerization catalyst is usually a metallocene catalyst component (a) composed of a transition metal compound of Group IVB of the periodic table having at least one ligand having a cyclopentadienyl skeleton, an organoaluminum oxy compound catalyst component ( b), a particulate carrier (c), and the like.

  An ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin obtained by copolymerizing ethylene and the above α-olefin in the presence of a metallocene catalyst component is a conventional Ziegler-based catalyst-synthesized ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin. In comparison, the molecular weight distribution as a resin is extremely narrow and the composition distribution has a very narrow molecular structure. Therefore, when compared with resin compositions having the same density, the film using the metallocene catalyst-synthesized ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin has excellent strength, transparency, and blocking resistance.

The density of the ethylene-α olefin copolymer resin (A) is required from the viewpoint of physical properties such as required translucency, dust resistance, strength, fusion resistance, durability, stickiness resistance, and flexibility. usually in the range of 0.89~0.93g / cm ^3, preferably in the range of 0.90~0.93g / cm ^3, more preferably 0.91~0.93g / cm ^3. If the density is less than 0.89 g / cm ^3, it is not preferable because the physical properties such as strength, adhesion resistance, and stickiness resistance are inferior. On the other hand, if the density exceeds 0.93 g / cm ³ , it is not preferable. It is not preferable because physical properties such as property are inferior. Said density is the value measured by the method based on ASTM D1505.
Moreover, it is preferable that the elongation rate of the polyolefin-type laminated | multilayer film of the upper surface in this invention is 1.5 or less.

  The MFR of the ethylene-α olefin copolymer resin (A) is not particularly limited, but is usually in the range of 0.2 to 20 g / 10 minutes, preferably 0.5 to 5 g / 10 minutes. If the MFR is less than 0.2 g / 10 min, the physical properties such as film moldability and translucency are inferior. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20 g / 10 min, the physical properties such as film moldability and strength are inferior. . The above MFR is a value measured by a method based on ASTM D1238.

  When using said ethylene-alpha olefin copolymer resin (A) as a composition with another olefin resin, content of ethylene-alpha olefin copolymer resin (A) is 50 weight% or more. However, it is preferably 60% by weight or more. When the content of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin (A) is less than 50% by weight, the physical properties such as translucency, dustproof property, strength, anti-fusing property and durability are covering materials for agricultural air film structure houses It is not preferable because it does not reach the required level. In this case, as other olefin resins, conventionally used Ziegler catalyst synthesis ethylene-α olefin copolymer resin, high pressure method low density polyethylene resin, low pressure method high density polyethylene resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Examples thereof include a coalesced resin, a polypropylene resin, a propylene-α-olefin copolymer resin, and a polybutene resin.

As a preferred embodiment of the polyolefin-based laminated film in the present invention, it consists of at least three layers of an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer that are outside during stretching, and is obtained by copolymerization with a metallocene catalyst as a resin component of the outer layer or the outer layer and the inner layer. The resin composition containing 50% by weight or more and 100% by weight or less, preferably 55% by weight or more and 95% by weight or less of the obtained ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin is used. A resin composition containing a vinyl copolymer in an amount of 50 wt% to 100 wt%, preferably 55 wt% to 98 wt% can be used. When the content of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin obtained by copolymerization with a metallocene catalyst as the resin component of the outer layer or the outer layer and the inner layer is less than 50% by weight, it is light transmissive, dustproof, strength, anti-fusing The physical properties such as property and durability do not reach the level required as a covering material for an air film structure house for agriculture, which is not preferable. In the present invention, an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin obtained by copolymerization with a metallocene catalyst as a resin component of the outer layer, the intermediate layer, and the inner layer is 50% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably 55% by weight. A resin composition containing from 95% to 95% by weight can also be used.

  The production method of the resin film having a multilayer structure is not particularly limited, and a known production method can be used, and the layer thickness ratio of the multilayer structure is not particularly limited. The range of 1 / 0.5 / 1 to 1/5/1 is preferable, and the range of 1/2/1 to 1/4/1 is more preferable from the viewpoint of properties, transparency, and strength. Further, the ratio between the outer layer and the inner layer is not particularly specified, but it is preferable that the ratio is approximately the same because of the curl property of the obtained film.

  The thickness of the polyolefin-based laminated film used in the present invention is usually 0.04 to 0.18 mm, preferably 0.05 to 0.17 mm. If the thickness is less than 0.04 mm, the target strength and durability cannot be obtained as a covering material for an agricultural air film structure house, and if the thickness exceeds 0.18 mm, the target translucency is obtained. I can't.

  Further, the translucency of the polyolefin-based laminated film is usually 75% or more, preferably 77% or more, as film direct light transmittance (light wavelength region: 555 nm, measurement method: conforming to ASTM D1003). When the translucency is less than 75%, when used as a covering material for an air film structure house for agriculture, sunlight reaching the house necessary for growing the crop is insufficient, which is not preferable.

  Furthermore, the ratio (F / D) of tensile breaking strength (F (unit: N / 10 mm width)) to the thickness (D (unit: mm)) of the polyolefin-based laminated film is usually 280 or more, preferably 290 or more. When F / D is less than 280, the desired balance of physical properties of translucency, strength and durability cannot be expressed, which is not preferable. The value of the film tensile strength at break is a value measured by a method based on ASTM D882.

  Further, another feature of the agricultural air membrane structure house of the present invention is that the polyolefin laminated film on the upper surface has antifogging property, and the polyolefin laminated film on the lower surface has spiny-shaped micropores having spines. Is that it is provided. As a result, the heat insulation and heat insulation effect in the house is drastically improved, and the air in the house can be circulated and temperature and humidity unevenness can be eliminated by improving the ventilation of the crop by improving the air permeability. It can be made.

  In order to provide the spine-shaped fine holes having the spines in the polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface, it is possible to use a hole having a special shape in the polyolefin-based laminated film with a needle or the like. For example, it can be provided by a perforation method using a special needle to which a needle pricker processing method, which is a machine mainly used for texture processing of nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, and artificial leather, is applied.

  Specifically, as shown schematically in FIGS. 1a and b, it is obtained by piercing a polyolefin laminated film with a needle 1 having a special shape having one or more fine barbs 1c on the outer periphery of the needle.

  1a and b are enlarged views of the needle 1, FIG. 1a shows a front view, and FIG. 1b shows a side view. The needle 1 is pointed from the base portion 1a toward the tip portion, and a cutting edge 1b having a minute width (W) is provided at the tip portion. Since the minute width of the tip portion is related to the size of the basic portion of the hole formed in the film, it is preferably 10 μm to 300 μm, more preferably 30 μm to 150 μm.

  Moreover, the special needle 1 used in the present invention has one or more, preferably two or more, fine spines 1c on a part of the outer periphery of the needle near the tip. The spine protrudes in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the needle, and the shape of the spine is only required to be pointed from the base to the tip. The spine 1c is, for example, 300 to 1000 μm from the tip of the needle. It is preferable that one is provided at a position of 800 to 2000 μm. The length of the barb 1c itself is preferably in the range of 1 μm to 300 μm.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the needle 1 having these barbs preferably forms a plurality of needle rolls 2 attached to a roll body 2, and is used for processing on a plane or wound around another roll body. By pressing and rotating the needle roll against the film 3, a plurality of fine holes can be formed in the film. In addition, according to the number and space | interval of a required fine hole, you may employ | adopt the method of performing the process by a some needle roll with respect to the film 3, or pressing a film against a needle roll in multiple times.

  The diameter of the micropores is preferably such that the maximum diameter of the pores is at least 500 μm or less, preferably 200 μm or less, and the minimum diameter is 10 μm or more, preferably 20 μm or more. Furthermore, the length of the spine-shaped notch is preferably 50 μm or less to 0.05 μm or more, more preferably 20 μm or less to 0.1 μm or more.

  Further, when a needle having a barb pierces and is pulled out of the film, the barb has an action of hooking a piece around the notch and pulling it toward the pulling side. Therefore, the micropore obtained by this special needle drilling method has a barbed shape having barbs around the hole when the cross section is viewed.

  That is, FIG. 4 shows a schematic image of a cross-sectional view of the micropores provided in the polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface of the present invention. In the film 3, a part 4c around the micropores pierces the needle 1. It has a slightly protruding shape on the side.

  By providing a spine-shaped micropore having a spine portion, the spine portion serves as an on-off valve, and when the film swells by blowing air, while maintaining the swell, moderate breathability and drainage Is demonstrated.

  In the polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface in the present invention, basically, any surface of the film provided with the fine holes may be used inside the house.

The number per unit area of the plurality of fine holes provided in the polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface of the present invention varies depending on the area of the provided holes, but exhibits preferable antifogging properties and moisture permeability and satisfies other physical properties. for, one square inch (6.45 cm ²⁾ 800-8,000 per (i.e., 1 cm ² 125-1,250 per) range, more preferably 1,500 to 6,000 pieces (230 to 930 per 1 cm ² per square inch ) Is preferably provided.

  Further, in the two polyolefin-based laminated films constituting the structure of the ceiling portion, at least the inner surface of the polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface is coated with an antifogging agent composition composed of a silica-based inorganic material or an alumina-based inorganic material. It is preferable.

  As a prescription for expressing the antifogging property on the inner surface of the film, a method of melt kneading a conventionally known organic compound surfactant into a resin at the time of film formation is also assumed. When used as a coating material, the organic compound surfactant may excessively migrate to the film surface and impair the transparency of the film surface, and the film surface will remain anti-fogged for a long period of 2 to 3 years. It is extremely difficult to develop performance. Therefore, the above method is preferable as a prescription that exhibits long-term antifogging sustainability without inhibiting transparency on the inner surface of the film. In such a method, an antifogging agent composition composed of a colloidal silk-based inorganic material or alumina-based inorganic material described in JP-A-7-52343, JP-A-8-319476 or the like is employed. Is preferred. In that case, the anti-fogging agent coating layer component includes, in addition to the above-mentioned silica-based inorganic material or alumina-based inorganic material, an inorganic binder component, an organic binder resin component, a crosslinking agent component, an organic surfactant. An agent component or the like can be appropriately blended.

  In the agricultural air membrane structure house of the present invention, the polyolefin laminated film on the upper surface has anti-fogging property, and the polyolefin laminated film on the lower surface is provided with spiny-shaped micropores having barbs. Is used. Here, as the polyolefin-based laminated film having the antifogging property on the upper surface, a film obtained by blending a polyolefin-based laminated film with an antifogging agent (hereinafter also referred to as “kneaded antifogging film”) or an antifogging film. (Hereinafter, also referred to as “coated anti-fogging film”).

  As said antifogging agent, the general thing normally mix | blended with the film for agriculture can be used. Examples of such compounds include anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and the like. Particularly preferred are fatty acids having 14 to 22 carbon atoms, sorbitan, and glycerin. And nonionic surfactants mainly composed of esters with polyhydric alcohols such as polyglycerin and propylene glycol or adducts thereof with alkylene oxide. These surfactants can be used alone or in combination of two or more. As a compounding quantity, 0.1-5 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of synthetic resins.

  The above-mentioned two polyolefin-based laminated films have the properties such as translucency, dust-proof property and anti-fusing property of the film for the purpose of enhancing durability and slipperiness as a covering material for agricultural air film structure houses. An appropriate amount of various additives such as antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, weathering stabilizers, lubricants (organic and inorganic) can be contained within the range not impaired. Furthermore, for the purpose of enhancing the heat retention as a coating material, an inorganic oxide containing at least one atom selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, Ca and Si within a range that does not impair the translucency and strength of the film. A proper amount of heat-retaining agent components such as products, inorganic hydroxides and hydrotalcites can be contained.

The two polyolefin-based laminated films do not need to be exactly the same, and at least the outermost layer of the polyolefin-based laminated film is a resin component and has a density in the range of 0.89 to 0.93 g / cm ^3. As long as an olefin-based resin composition composed of 50% by weight or more of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin synthesized using a metallocene catalyst is used, it is excellent as a covering material for an agricultural air film structure house. It can exhibit physical properties such as translucency, dust resistance, strength, anti-fusing property and durability. The film thickness, film direct light transmittance, and film strength are preferably within the above ranges. Usually, in two polyolefin laminated films, the upper polyolefin laminated film is directly exposed to the severe environment outside the house, so compared with the lower polyolefin laminated film, especially as a coating material Further performance of durability is required, and therefore, the film thickness may be relatively equal or larger. Furthermore, since the polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface has fine pores, it is preferable that the tear strength is larger. Therefore, the outermost layer and the innermost layer are both composed of 50% by weight or more of the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer as a resin component. Preferably it consists of:

  As an installation method of the agricultural air membrane structure house of the present invention, any of an underground push-in pipe type house, a steel reinforced pipe type house, and a steel roof type house may be adopted. In that case, the method for fixing the polyolefin-based laminated film can be the same as that for fixing a normal vinyl chloride film or polyolefin-based film, and the house is held by pressing the film through a dedicated spring on the fixed rail for the house. The body can be stretch-coated. The extension work procedure can usually be performed in the following manner.

  That is, once the polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface is pressed onto the fixed rail via a dedicated spring, the polyolefin-based laminated film on the upper surface is overlapped using the same fixed rail, and stretch-coated through another dedicated spring. Alternatively, the film can be covered with two films for the air film structure by pressing and stretching the film on another fixed rail provided in parallel therewith via a dedicated spring. Separately, the ends of the two polyolefin-based laminated films are sealed in a bag shape by a heat seal method or the like in advance, and then the film is spread on the main body of the house by pressing the film into the fixed rail via a dedicated spring. Can be coated. At this time, with respect to the house form of the agricultural air film structure house, any house form can be adopted, but in particular, the economics of the house itself and the fixing work of the polyolefin-based laminated film for the air film structure In consideration of easiness, heat insulation of the air film structure, etc., it is preferable to employ an agricultural house having a pipe structure such as an underground push-in pipe house or a steel reinforced pipe house.

  In the agricultural air film structure house of the present invention, the constituent part having the air film structure may include a house wife face part or a side part in addition to the ceiling part of the house. In order to form the film, the air press-fitted by the blower can be formed by connecting to each constituent part in a serial or parallel relationship with the blower via the connection hose. FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the agricultural air membrane structure house of the present invention.

  At that time, the higher the ratio of the area of the air film structure location to the total covered area of the agricultural house, the higher the heat insulation performance of the agricultural air film structure house. To alleviate a significant temperature rise in the house, open the side, skylight, and some ceilings of the house at a certain time during the day to introduce outside air into the house for ventilation. Since it is necessary, an air film structure house for agriculture of a type that adopts an air film structure on the ceiling part excluding the skylight part or the wife face part excluding the entrance door together with the ceiling part is preferable as a form.

In addition, the structure, specifications and performance of the blower used are not particularly limited, but the air inside the house or the air outside the house uses a fan with a conventional bladed fan structure, sirocco fan structure, or air pump structure. In addition, air is blown continuously or intermittently to the air membrane structure composed of two polyolefin-based laminated films. At that time, the air membrane structure composed of two polyolefin-based laminated films does not have a completely airtight structure, but the blown air fixes the two covering materials to the agricultural air membrane structure house There is a tendency to gradually leak out from the slight gap between the exclusive fastener and the covering material, and the ends of the two polyolefin-based laminated films were sealed in a bag shape by heat sealing method etc. in advance Even when adopted as an agricultural air film structure house, there is almost no air leakage from the seal part, but it is necessary to adjust the appropriate internal pressure of the air film structure part while taking into account the amount of leakage at other points. Even in this case, the preferable air film internal pressure is preferably in the range of 1 to 20 mmH ₂ O with respect to the outside, and if the air film internal pressure is too low, the air film structure portion may expand sufficiently in a balloon shape. Done , Wrinkles of the coating material may occur in the air film structure part, exhibiting a flicker phenomenon of the coating material due to external wind, and may cause problems in heat retention, translucency, strength, durability, When the air film internal pressure is too high, the covering material is strongly stretched by the internal pressure, which may cause a problem in durability.

  In addition, it is preferable that the air to be blown is sent from the air in the house to the air membrane structure through the connection hose using the air in the house having a temperature higher than that of the outside air from the viewpoint of heat retention. The air in the house has a higher relative humidity and absolute humidity than the outside air, so condensation may occur over time inside the air film structure, so the inner surface of the air film structure of the polyolefin-based laminated film In order to maintain the translucency of the day, it is necessary to select a covering material having a further antifogging performance.

  In the air film structure house for agriculture obtained in this way, it is good for crop cultivation, can achieve further saving of heating fuel, heat retention, translucency, antifogging, dustproof, strength, It is possible to exhibit performance excellent in fusion resistance, durability, and economy.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to a following example, unless the summary is exceeded.

  The breakdown of the olefinic resins used in the examples of the present invention is as shown in Table 1. Using these resins, the layer constitution and composition constitution shown in Table 2 were used, and the thickness was 0.10 to 0.15 mm. The laminated film was molded under the following conditions, and then the antifogging agent composition described in Table 3 was applied (detailed configuration is described in Table 2).

(1) Preparation of laminated films A to E:
Using three extruders of 90 mmΦ and a three-layer die of 1300 mmΦ, film outer layer / intermediate layer / inner layer = 20/60/20 at a molding temperature of 200 ° C., a blow ratio of 2.0, and a take-off speed of 10 m / min. A laminated film having a three-layer structure with a layer ratio (the outer layer is a layer that becomes the outside of the house when the house is stretched) was obtained.

(2) Application of anti-fogging agent composition:
Using the above laminated film, corona treatment discharge is applied to the surface that becomes the inner surface of the film when the house is stretched, and the film wetness index (measurement method: conforming to JIS-K6768) is 42 dyn / cm or more. After the modification, the anti-fogging agent composition shown in Table 3 is applied by a gravure coating method and kept in a warm air drying furnace adjusted to 80 ° C. for 1 minute to prevent liquid dispersion solvent from splashing. A clouding agent film was formed. The coating amount (solid content) of the antifogging coating film was 1 g / m ² in all cases.

(3) Needle processing The film obtained in (2) above is 1200 per square inch by a perforation method using a needle pricker adding needle having the shape shown in FIG. 1 attached on a roll as shown in FIG. A perforation process was performed so that 2030 (Example 2), 2030 (Example 3), and 4060 (Example 4) holes could be formed (Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6). Used as a film. In Comparative Example 3, a film obtained by spotting holes with a diameter of 2 mm in a film at a single interval of 10 cm was used as the bottom film using a normal heat melting needle.

  In addition, the direct light transmittance of the laminated film in the examples of the present invention, the method for measuring the tensile strength at break, the method for evaluating the anti-fusing property, the construction method of the agricultural air film structure house, and the agricultural air film structure house The following are the methods for cultivating these crops and the method for evaluating the degree of kerosene fuel consumption of the heater installed in the agricultural air film structure house.

(4) Measuring method of direct light transmittance:
The obtained laminated film was irradiated with light from the outer surface layer side of the laminated film in accordance with ASTM D1003 using a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd .: U3500 type), and a light wavelength range of 555 μm. The direct light transmittance (unit:%) of was measured.

(5) Measuring method of tensile strength at break:
Using the tensile test apparatus (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), the obtained laminated film was measured in accordance with ASTM D882 at a measurement temperature of 23 ° C. and a tensile speed of 300 mm / min. (MD) and the transverse direction (TD) tensile fracture strength (unit: N / 10 mm width) were measured, and the average value was measured.

(6) Fusing resistance evaluation method:
Assuming the summer environment with the deflated state of the laminated film on the upper surface and the laminated film on the lower surface of the agricultural air film structure house, in the obtained laminated film, the outer surface side and the upper surface of the laminated film on the lower surface After laminating the inner surfaces of the laminated films with a thin water film formed, and leaving them in an oven set at 80 ° C. for 5 hours with a load of 20 g / cm ² applied to the film surface, After returning to room temperature, the presence or absence of a fusing phenomenon between the two laminated films was observed.

(7) Agricultural air-film house construction method:
The above-mentioned laminated film is used as a covering material for the lower surface on the entire ceiling part (width 2.7m, depth 10m) of an underground push-in pipe type house with a frontage of 4.5m, depth of 10m, and height of 3m. After pressing down on a fixed rail (Toto Kogyo Co., Ltd .: BINIPET) attached in parallel to the part via a dedicated spring (Toto Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Soft Spring), the top laminated film is overlaid and the same Double-stretching and covering by pressing the fixed rail through another special spring (Toto Kogyo Co., Ltd .: soft spring). At that time, with a blower (manufactured by Nepon Co., Ltd .: EBM400S2M type) using a dedicated connection hose, insert the air in the house air film coating layer of the above, to adjust the output of the blower so that air film pressure is generally in the range of 3~7mmH 2 _O , It was set-up the agricultural air membrane structure house for the purpose. The house face and side portions were covered with a laminated film (A) to seal the house (agricultural air membrane structure house location: Ureshinogawa Kitamachi, Matsusaka City, Mie Prefecture).

(8) Cultivation method of crops in agricultural air film structure house:
In the above air film structure house for agriculture, soil cultivation of tomatoes was cultivated from the beginning of December 2006 to the end of March 2007, and the growth management of the crops was performed by appropriately irrigating and fertilizing. At that time, as a temperature management method for cultivation, when the temperature in the house during the day exceeds 25 ° C, the side of the house is hoisted and ventilated to suppress a significant temperature rise in the house during the day, On the other hand, if the house temperature falls at night or in the morning, or if the house temperature under cloudy weather does not reach the specified temperature during the daytime, the temperature of the house should be moderated by operating the hot air heater below. The temperature was controlled so as to maintain the temperature.

(9) Method for evaluating the degree of kerosene fuel consumption of a heater installed in an agricultural air film structure house:
A hot air type heater using kerosene fuel (manufactured by Nepon Co., Ltd .: KA125 type) is installed in the air film structure house for agriculture, and when the temperature in the house becomes 16 ° C. or less, the heater is operated. When the temperature exceeded 20 ° C., temperature control management was performed so that the heater stopped. The kerosene fuel consumption during the cultivation period of the crop was measured.

  Table 4 shows the results of each example and each comparative example as an agricultural air membrane structure house using the combination of laminated films described in Table 2 above.

The conceptual diagram which shows the front view of the needle which has the spinous process for forming a micropore in the polyolefin-type laminated film of the lower surface of this invention structure. The conceptual diagram which shows the side view of the needle which has the spinous process for forming a micropore in the polyolefin-type laminated film of the lower surface of this invention structure. The conceptual diagram of the film processing by the needle for forming a micropore in the polyolefin-type laminated film of the lower surface of this invention structure. The conceptual diagram which shows the hole shape of the micropore formed in the polyolefin-type laminated film of the lower surface of this invention structure. The conceptual diagram which shows the cross section of the hole shape of the micropore formed in the polyolefin-type laminated | multilayer film of the lower surface of this invention structure. The schematic diagram which installed the air film structure house for agriculture of the present invention.

Claims (4)

An agricultural air film structure house in which air is press-fitted by a blower between a polyolefin-based laminated film on the upper surface and a polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface of at least the ceiling portion of the agricultural house, 50% by weight of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer resin synthesized using a metallocene catalyst in which at least the outermost layer in each polyolefin-based laminated film has a density in the range of 0.89 to 0.93 g / cm ³ as a resin component. % Of the composition, and the polyolefin laminated film on the upper surface has anti-fogging properties, and the polyolefin laminated film on the lower surface is provided with spiny-shaped micropores having spines. Agricultural air membrane structure house.   The thickness of the polyolefin-based laminated film on the upper surface is 0.04 to 0.18 mm, the direct light transmittance (light wavelength region: 555 nm) is 75% or more, and the film thickness relative to the film thickness (D (unit: mm)) The agricultural air membrane structure house according to claim 1, wherein a tensile breaking strength (F (unit: N / 10 mm width)) ratio (F / D) is 280 or more.   The agricultural air membrane structure house according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an antifogging composition composed of a silica-based inorganic material or an alumina-based inorganic material is applied to at least the inner surface of the polyolefin-based laminated film on the lower surface.   The agricultural air film structure house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the agricultural air film structure house has a structure of an underground push-in pipe type house or a steel reinforced pipe type house.

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