JP2010161889A - Power-generating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power-generating apparatus capable of highly efficiently and stably supplying voltage to electrical apparatuses, by the power generated by a generator which is difficult to obtain a constant voltage. <P>SOLUTION: The power-generating apparatus includes: a generator; a switching method type voltage stabilizer circuit for attaining stabilization by subjecting the power generated by the generator to duty ratio control and restricting the current from the generator; and an invertor circuit for converting the power stabilized through the voltage stabilizer circuit into AC power to be supplied to the electrical apparatuses. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation apparatus for generating electric power using human power or natural energy, and for efficiently and stably supplying electric power generated by a generator that cannot obtain a constant voltage to an electric appliance.

A human can move continuously if the work rate is about 100 W or less, and if it has a work rate of 100 W, it is in principle possible to operate an electric appliance such as a small television.
Here, as an operation in which a human can efficiently perform physical work, an operation of pedaling a bicycle can be cited. Various types of bicycle-type human power generators that convert the physical work of pedaling a bicycle into electric power have been developed.

  Examples of the bicycle-type human power generator include those described in Patent Document 1 below. The human-powered generator disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a coreless generator that eliminates cogging torque due to magnetic poles, and since there is no cogging torque, the pedal can be lightly tweaked and the work rate can be improved.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram of a circuit when the human power generator (61) is connected to the electric appliance (62). However, when the human power generator (61) is connected to the electric appliance (62), the human power generator is used. (61) is connected to the electric appliance (62) via the inverter (63).
Here, when riding a bicycle by human power, the rotational speed of the generator changes depending on the speed of the riding, and accordingly, the electromotive force also changes. Therefore, when the inverter (63) is used, it is necessary to always keep the magnitude of the input voltage to the inverter using the battery (64) (for example, a lead battery).

As described above, it is possible to supply electric power to the electric appliance (62) using the human power generator (61), but in order to actually put the human power generator into practical use, it is necessary to reduce the power loss. There is.
However, for example, when using a 12V lead battery (64), when operating a human power generator at a power of about 100W, in order to supply 100W of electric power to the electric appliance (62), a large of about 8A is required. A current is required. If such a large current is to be obtained, the power loss inside the generator (61) becomes large, resulting in a reduction in power extraction efficiency.

For example, when using a Sky Electronics HR125 generator (electromotive force of 91V, internal resistance of 47Ω at 600rpm) as a coreless generator and connected to a 12V lead battery, the standard human power is 100W. When the generator is rotated at a work rate, the loss due to the internal resistance of the generator is about 85 W, and the electric power supplied to the battery and usable is reduced to 15 W.
That is, when connected to a low impedance circuit such as a lead battery, the efficiency of extracting power from the generator is only about 15%.

Even if the power of the manpower generator is increased and the electromotive force is increased by riding a bicycle at high speed, the battery voltage is constant, so most of the power is lost due to the internal resistance of the generator. The extraction efficiency is not improved.
In addition, it is possible to connect to the inverter without using a battery by keeping the voltage of the power generated by the human power generator constant, but in order to supply power to the inverter with a voltage equivalent to the battery, a current is required. It is the same in that the power needs to be increased and the power extraction efficiency from the generator is poor.

  In addition, generators using natural energy such as sunlight, wind power, and hydropower are also difficult to obtain a constant voltage with a generator like a human power generator. Arise.

JP 2007-288909 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and provides a power generator capable of stably and efficiently supplying electric power generated by a power generator that is difficult to obtain a constant voltage to an electric appliance. Is a solution issue.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a generator, a switching system constant voltage circuit for limiting the current flowing from the generator while performing duty ratio control on the electric power generated by the generator to make the voltage constant. Further, the present invention relates to a power generator having an inverter circuit that converts power converted to a constant voltage by the constant voltage circuit into AC power and supplies the AC power to an electrical appliance.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the constant voltage in the constant voltage circuit is made constant by making the pulse width constant and the period is directly proportional to the input voltage, and the duty ratio of the step-down switching pulse is inversely proportional to the voltage of the generator. The power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power generation apparatus is controlled by performing control.

  The invention according to claim 3 relates to the power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the constant voltage circuit has an output voltage limiting circuit for preventing an output voltage from exceeding when the output power is low.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the constant voltage circuit includes an overcurrent limiting circuit for preventing an excessive input current at a low input voltage. About.

  The invention according to claim 5 relates to the power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the constant voltage circuit includes an overvoltage limiting circuit for preventing an excessive input voltage at a high input voltage. .

  The invention according to claim 6 relates to the power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the generator is a coreless generator.

  The invention according to claim 7 has a rectifier circuit that rectifies and smoothes AC power obtained by the generator, and inputs DC power rectified and smoothed by the rectifier circuit to the constant voltage circuit. The power generator according to claim 1.

  The invention according to claim 8 relates to the power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the generator is a bicycle-type human power generator.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the generator and the power generated by the generator are duty-ratio controlled to obtain a constant voltage, and the switching system constant voltage is used to limit the current flowing from the generator. A circuit and an inverter circuit that converts the electric power converted to a constant voltage into the AC voltage and supplies the electric power to the electric appliance, thereby making it possible to minimize the amount of current flowing from the generator. The internal resistance loss can be suppressed. As a result, even power generated by a generator or the like for which it is difficult to obtain a constant voltage can be stably and efficiently supplied to the electric appliance.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the constant voltage generation in the constant voltage circuit is made long by making the pulse width constant and the period directly proportional to the input voltage, so that the duty ratio of the step-down switching pulse is the voltage of the generator. By performing the control so as to be inversely proportional to the voltage, it is possible to easily make the voltage constant even in an analog circuit.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the constant voltage circuit includes an output voltage limiting circuit for preventing the output voltage from exceeding when the output power is low, so that the output voltage is kept below a certain level even when the output voltage is low. Can be suppressed.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the constant voltage circuit has an overcurrent limiting circuit for preventing an excessive input current at a low input voltage, thereby maintaining an input impedance at a certain level or more at a low input voltage. It is possible to prevent the necessity of using a large force at the beginning of the movement of the generator (for example, in the case of a human power generator, the pedal becomes heavy at the beginning of the saw), and the internal loss of the generator can also be suppressed.

  According to the invention according to claim 5, when the voltage regulator circuit has an overvoltage limiting circuit for preventing an excessive input voltage at a high input voltage, the voltage of the generator becomes higher than a predetermined voltage. It is possible to automatically increase the load and increase the torque to prevent exceeding the maximum rated voltage of the constant voltage circuit, and to avoid failure of the constant voltage circuit due to overvoltage.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, since the said generator is a coreless generator, a generator can be operated with little force and a work rate can be improved.

  According to the invention according to claim 7, by having a rectifier circuit for rectifying and smoothing the AC power obtained by the generator, by inputting the DC power rectified and smoothed by the rectifier circuit to the constant voltage circuit, Even when the generator generates AC power, it can be converted to DC and input to the constant voltage circuit.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 8, since the said generator is a bicycle-type human power generator, the electric power generated by human power can be supplied to an electric appliance etc. with high efficiency.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the power generation device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a human power generator (100) according to this embodiment.

The human power generation device (100) according to the present embodiment generates electric power with a coreless generator (12) attached to a bicycle.
Moreover, the electric power generated by the coreless generator (12) passes through the rectifier circuit (2), the constant voltage circuit (3), and the inverter circuit (4), and the output power from the inverter circuit (4) is converted into an electric appliance ( 5).

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the generator (12) (the power generation section (1)) in the human power generation apparatus (100) according to the present embodiment.
The human-powered generator (100) of the present embodiment is a device called a cycle trainer or a bicycle practice stand (attaching and fixing an actual bicycle, pressing a roller (11) loaded on a wheel (W) and rotating it, Use a device that applies a load to the roller (11) of a device for practicing a bicycle competition indoors, etc., with a coreless generator (12) (Sky Electronics HR125 generator in this embodiment). ing.
As shown in FIG. 2, the power generation unit (1) includes a roller (11) that contacts the bicycle wheel (W) and rotates according to the rotation of the wheel (W), and a coreless provided at both ends of the roller (11). It consists of a generator (12) and a flywheel (13). The coreless generator (12) is a generator called an outer rotor type that includes a coil fixed inside and a permanent magnet (rotor) that rotates together with the outer container.
The roller (11) is rotated by rotating the wheel (W) by the user riding the bicycle. Then, the permanent magnet rotates in conjunction with the roller (11), thereby generating AC power.

The human power generator (100) preferably has a speed increasing function for sufficiently increasing the rotational speed of the coreless generator.
The electromotive force (voltage) of the generator (12) increases in proportion to the rotational speed of the permanent magnet (that is, the rotational speed of the roller (11)). This is because the generated voltage can be increased by increasing the number of rotations of
Examples of the speed increasing function include a roller that is brought into contact with the chain and the wheel of the bicycle body. By using such a roller and adjusting the ratio of the diameter of the roller (11) to the diameter of the bicycle (Gear ratio of the bicycle) and / or the wheel (W), the number of rotations of the generator is sufficiently increased. can do. Further, an additional speed increasing function using a belt or a gear may be provided.
The rotational speed of the permanent magnet (roller (11)) is preferably 10 times or more the rotational speed of the bicycle wheel (W). For example, by setting the diameter of the roller (11) to 1/10 or less of the diameter of the wheel (W), it is possible to obtain a rotational speed 10 times or more that of the wheel (W).

In addition, in this embodiment, although it has a wheel (W), you may connect and rotate a pedal and the rotor (permanent magnet) of a generator not via a wheel (W). For example, the load portion of a training machine called an exercise bike or a bicycle ergometer used in a training gym or the like may be replaced with a coreless generator.
Moreover, in this embodiment, although the generator (12) of the electric power generation part (1) is one, the number of generators (12) may be two or more.

  The rectifier circuit (2) is a circuit for rectifying and smoothing AC power obtained by the human power generator (12) into DC power. The rectifier circuit (2) is not particularly limited, and a general circuit may be used. If the generator (12) is a direct current output, there is no need to use a rectifier circuit.

  The constant voltage circuit (3) is for making the DC power rectified and smoothed by the rectifier circuit (2) a constant voltage and supplying it to the inverter circuit (4).

  The inverter circuit (4) is for converting direct current to alternating current, and by connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the DC power that has become a constant voltage in the constant voltage circuit (3) to the load while reversing with time. It is for converting into an alternating current of a pseudo sine wave (rectangular wave) and supplying the electric appliance (5) such as an electric appliance. As the inverter circuit, it is more preferable to use a circuit that generates a true sine wave or a waveform close to a sine wave instead of a simple rectangular wave.

In the human power generation device (100) of the present embodiment, various devices are applied to the constant voltage circuit (3) in order to supply the electric power generated by the power generation unit (1) to the electric appliance (5) with high efficiency. .
Hereinafter, the constant voltage circuit (3) will be described in detail.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a constant voltage circuit (3).
As shown in FIG. 3, the constant voltage circuit (3) is a step-down switching power supply circuit (step-down chopper circuit) using a MOSFET (field effect transistor) (31), and the duty ratio of the switching pulse corresponding to the input voltage. Control is performed so that the output voltage is always kept constant in response to the fluctuation of the input voltage at a high speed, the current flowing from the generator is limited to the minimum necessary, and the input impedance of the constant voltage circuit (3) is It is for increasing (specifically, 100Ω or more, more preferably 200Ω or more).
Even if the rotational speed of the generator (12) (permanent magnet) is increased to increase the electromotive force, a large current flows if the circuit to be connected has a low input impedance such as a lead battery. As a result, most of the electromotive force is consumed by the feeder resistance inside the generator (12), and the voltage and power extracted outside are reduced. However, by having the constant voltage circuit (3) with a high input impedance, the amount of current can be reduced and the internal resistance loss of the generator can be suppressed.

Further, in the constant voltage circuit (step-down switching circuit) (3), the duty ratio control oscillation circuit (32) makes the pulse width constant, and the period is increased in direct proportion to the input voltage, thereby increasing the duty of the step-down switching pulse. The output is kept constant by controlling the ratio to be inversely proportional to the input voltage.
The following expression 1 is an expression showing the relationship between the input voltage and the output voltage in the constant voltage circuit (3).

<Formula 1>
(Output voltage) = (Input voltage) x (Duty ratio)

Here, since (duty ratio) = (pulse width) / (period), Equation 1 is
It can be expressed as (output voltage) = (input voltage) × (pulse width) / (cycle).
That is, the duty ratio can be controlled so that the output voltage is always constant by making the pulse width constant and making the period directly proportional to the input voltage.
By adopting such a method, the voltage can be easily made constant even in an analog circuit.
In controlling the duty ratio, a method of adjusting a pulse width or the like by feeding back a signal indicating whether the output voltage is excessive or insufficient to the duty ratio control oscillation circuit may be used.

An example of the duty ratio controlled oscillation circuit (32) in the present embodiment is a circuit as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the duty ratio controlled oscillation circuit (32) includes an analog first oscillation circuit (322) whose period changes in direct proportion to the input voltage divided by the input voltage dividing circuit (321). The second oscillation circuit 323 generates a pulse having a constant pulse width in synchronization with the oscillation signal as a trigger pulse.

An example of the first oscillation circuit (322) is a circuit using the timer IC 555 shown in FIG. The first oscillation circuit (322) using the timer IC555 has a constant current diode (3221).
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the control voltage input to the timer IC 555 of the first oscillation circuit (322) and the period. By using the constant current diode (3221), the control voltage is changed to the control voltage as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the oscillation can be controlled so that the period increases in direct proportion.
In the conventional oscillation circuit using the timer IC555, the resistor is arranged at the position of the constant current diode (3221). However, in the case of the resistor, the cycle becomes nonlinearly long with respect to the control signal voltage, and the control voltage and the cycle are increased. Is not preferable because it is not a direct proportional relationship (see FIG. 7).

  In addition, the constant voltage circuit (3) prevents the output voltage from exceeding the predetermined constant voltage by switching more current than necessary to the secondary capacitor due to switching when the output side is no load or the load is small. A limiting circuit (36) is provided (see FIG. 3). The output voltage limiting circuit (36) detects when the voltage of the secondary capacitor exceeds a predetermined voltage, and forcibly turns off the switching pulse of the duty ratio control oscillation circuit (32) (second oscillation circuit ( 323) is reset) to cut off the current.

Further, the constant voltage circuit (3) has an overcurrent limiting circuit (33) that prevents an overcurrent when the voltage is low (see FIG. 3). By having the overcurrent limiting circuit (33), the input impedance can be kept above a certain level (the ratio of the current to the input voltage is below a certain level) at a low voltage, and the pedal can be prevented from becoming heavy at the beginning of the generator. The internal loss of (1) can also be suppressed.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the effect of the overcurrent limiting circuit (33).
If the overcurrent limiting circuit (33) is not provided, the input voltage and current are inversely proportional to each other as shown by the curve (a) in FIG. 8 when a constant load is connected. When the number is small, the voltage decreases and the current increases. When the current is large, the torque applied to the pedal increases, the pedal becomes heavier, and the internal loss of the generator also increases. However, since the current does not become larger than the value of the straight line (b) in FIG. 8 by having the overcurrent limiting circuit (33), the problem can be solved.

As a specific configuration of the overcurrent limiting circuit (33), the configuration shown in FIG. 9 can be exemplified. As shown in FIG. 9, the MOSFET current is detected by a detection resistor (34), integrated by a CR integration circuit comprising a capacitor and a resistor, and compared with a specific value proportional to the input voltage by a comparator (331). When the integral value exceeds a certain value, the switching pulse of the duty ratio control oscillation circuit (32) is forcibly turned off (the second oscillation circuit (323) is reset) to cut off the current.
When the pulse is turned off, the voltage of the capacitor (333) returns to 0 through the integral reset (discharge) diode (332), and the same operation is repeated in the next pulse. As a result, the input impedance in the constant voltage circuit (3) can always be maintained at a certain value or more, and an excessive input current can be limited particularly when a low voltage is input.

The constant voltage circuit (3) also has an overvoltage limiting circuit (35) for preventing overvoltage at high voltage (see FIG. 3).
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the effect of the overvoltage limiting circuit (35).
With a constant load connected, the torque (proportional to current) decreases as the generator (12) rotates (proportional to voltage), as shown by curve (a) in Fig. 10. The pedal is lighter and easier to pad. Therefore, the number of revolutions of the generator increases too much, and there is a possibility of overvoltage, and it is necessary to limit the voltage so as not to exceed the maximum rated voltage of the constant voltage circuit. By having the overvoltage limiting circuit (35), it is possible to prevent the maximum rated voltage of the circuit element from being exceeded.

As a specific configuration of the overvoltage limiting circuit (35), the configuration shown in FIG. 11 can be exemplified.
When the overvoltage limit circuit (35) reaches a voltage close to the maximum rating of the circuit element (limit circuit operating voltage), the resistor (351) (bulb or heating wire) connected as a dummy load is switched on and the load increases. Forcibly increase the torque (force to turn the pedal).
However, if the switch is suddenly turned on by a relay or the like, the impact force will be applied and there is a danger that the hand will be injured. Therefore, the step-down switching circuit for the MOSFET independent of the constant voltage control (352) When the voltage rises excessively beyond the voltage of the Zener diode (353) by the (step-down chopper circuit), the load is set to gradually increase in proportion to the voltage rise.
Set the size of the dummy load at the maximum rated voltage to the user's limit work rate (for example, about 500W for the general public and about 1000W for the athlete). That's fine. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the rotation speed exceeding the set power and to prevent the constant voltage circuit (3) from malfunctioning due to overvoltage.

  When the electromotive force of the generator (12) is smaller, in addition to the step-down switching circuit described above, a step-up switching circuit that constantly increases the voltage to 2 to 3 times (a constant magnification regardless of the input voltage) ( A step-up / step-down switching power supply circuit may be used in combination with a step-up chopper circuit.

  In addition, it is more preferable that a part or all of the constant voltage circuit, the inverter circuit, and the rectifying / smoothing circuit are manufactured as an integrated circuit.

(How to Use)
Since the human power generation device (100) can supply electric power to the electric appliance (5) and operate it, it is useful as a teaching material for energy environment education. In particular, the human-powered generator (100) has a very high power conversion efficiency (specifically, 90% or more), so it usually uses about 100W of power consumed when watching TV, etc. It can be experienced as a rate and is effective in understanding energy and environmental issues quantitatively.

  The human power generator (100) is also useful as an emergency power source in the event of a disaster. In the event of a power failure due to a disaster, it is possible to manually supply power necessary for information media such as television, charging of mobile phones, lighting, and the like.

  When the human power generator (100) is used as an emergency power source in the event of a disaster, it is preferable to temporarily store the generated power in a battery or the like. Since the human power generator (100) can supply the same AC power as the household power supply, connecting a commercially available battery charger to charge the battery and supplying the AC power again using a commercially available battery inverter is not possible. Very easy. By storing power in the battery in advance, it is possible to supply electric power larger than human power for a short time.

  Furthermore, the human power generation device (100) can be applied to a bicycle type training machine called an exercise bike or a bicycle ergometer used in a training gym. The training load is usually dissipated (discarded) as frictional heat, but this energy can be used effectively as electric power, and for example, television or music can be enjoyed by the electric power output in training.

As described above, the human power generation device (100) provides a circuit that can supply the same stable AC power as that for home use from unstable power generated by human power generation, and stably operates most electric appliances. It becomes possible to make it. Therefore, the use of human power generation can be remarkably widened.
Furthermore, if a battery is used in combination, it is possible to supply electric power larger than human power for a short time after accumulating electric power from the human power generator.

In addition, the power generator of the present invention uses not only a power generator using a human power generator but also a power generator that makes it difficult to obtain a constant voltage, such as a generator using natural energy such as sunlight, wind power, and hydropower. Is also included. Natural energy is important as renewable energy, but the instability of power generation output hinders its spread.
The power generator of the present invention can be directly applied to wind power generation in which a generator is rotated by rotation of a windmill. In wind power generation, the rotation of the windmill fluctuates due to changes in wind speed, and the output voltage of the generator fluctuates. However, according to the present invention, the output voltage can be maintained stably even if the voltage of the generator fluctuates greatly. In addition, the overcurrent limiting circuit also has an effect that the generator can easily start with a small torque during a light wind.

  Hereinafter, the effect of the present invention will be made clearer by showing examples of the present invention.

Measure the change in the output voltage when the duty ratio controlled oscillation circuit is set so that the DC voltage input to the constant voltage circuit (3) is changed from 0 to 600 V and the output voltage is kept constant at 130 V, The result is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 12, when the input voltage is about 150 V or higher, the output voltage is constant at about 130 V, and it can be confirmed that the constant voltage circuit is operating correctly.

Next, the output voltage 130V was supplied to the inverter circuit (4), and the time change of the inverter output voltage when 60 Hz pseudo sine wave AC power was output was measured, and the result is shown in FIG. For comparison, FIG. 13 also shows a sine wave AC waveform (dotted line) having an effective voltage of 100 V at a frequency of 60 Hz (western Japan), which is a household power source.
As shown in FIG. 13, by using the inverter circuit (3), a pseudo sine waveform (rectangular wave) similar to the waveform of a sine wave alternating current can be obtained and used as a power source for supplying electric power to household electric appliances. Can be confirmed.

A 15-inch LCD TV (rated 35W) and a DVD player (rated 20W) are connected to the above-described human-powered generator (100) (using a Sky Electronics HR125 generator as the generator (12)) at the same time, thereby The input voltage and input current from the generator (12) to the circuit when the DVD player and the television are simultaneously used only by the power of the device (100) are measured, and the results are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14, when the input voltage is about 150 V or less, the output voltage is 130 V or less, and the electric appliance does not operate normally due to insufficient voltage, so that the current value varies, but the input impedance is over 200 Ω. It can be seen that the operation of the current limiting circuit (33) can prevent the rotational torque from becoming extremely large due to an excessive input current at a low input voltage.
When the input voltage exceeds 150V, the above-mentioned electric appliance operates stably in the same manner as when used with a household power supply, and the product of the input voltage and the input current changes to about 50 W, which is the electric power required for the electric appliance. To do. That is, it can be confirmed that the function of limiting the current flowing from the generator (12) to the constant voltage circuit (3) is activated, and only the electric power necessary for the electric appliance is supplied from the generator (12).
In this embodiment, since the breakdown voltage of the element is 800V, the overvoltage limit circuit (35) is set to operate at 700V or higher, and the overvoltage limit circuit (35) does not operate in the measurement up to 600V. .

The voltage, current, and current of the generator (12) when one experimenter continuously performs a demonstration test for simultaneously operating a 15-inch LCD TV and a DVD player using the above-described human power generator (100). The change in power was measured and shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 15, the operation of riding a bicycle fluctuates with time due to fatigue or the rhythm of the living body, so the voltage of the generator (12) fluctuates in the range of about 140 to 200 V, but is also shown in FIG. 14. Thus, the electric current of the generator (12) is always adjusted to the minimum necessary according to the electric power by the constant voltage circuit (3), and the electric power is 50 to 60 W (operation state of the electric appliance) necessary for the operation of the electric appliance. The necessary power fluctuates depending on the power supply) and can be supplied stably.

As shown in FIG. 15, when the 50-60W electric appliance is operated, the voltage of the generator (12) is 150-200V, and the current is about 0.3A. Since the internal resistance of the generator HR125 used is 47Ω, the loss due to the internal resistance of the generator is about 4W. Since the electric power consumption of the electric appliance is about 50 W, the electrical conversion efficiency (excluding the mechanical loss of the bicycle and the rotor) in the human power generator (100) of this embodiment is 50 / (50 + 4) = 0.93, indicating that the power conversion efficiency is 90% or higher.
If the speed increasing function of the generator is increased to further increase the voltage of the generator, for example, at 300 V, the current is about 0.2 A, the loss due to the internal resistance is about 2 W, and the power conversion efficiency is 96%.
As described above, the human power generator of the present invention realizes an extremely high conversion efficiency of 90% or more in the power conversion circuit from the generator to the electric appliance, and enables the human power to be used for the electric appliance with high efficiency. .

For example, in the case of human power, the generator according to the present invention can continuously operate an electric appliance of 50 to 60 W by human power generation for one hour or more. Supply power and duration depend on the individual's physical strength and endurance, and a person with physical strength can continuously supply about 100W of power continuously.
Further, the present invention can be suitably used when power is supplied using a generator that generates power using natural energy or the like.

It is a block diagram which shows the human power generator which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the coreless generator in the human power generator which concerns on this embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows a constant voltage circuit. It is a circuit diagram which shows the duty ratio control oscillation circuit in this embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows a 1st oscillation circuit. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the control voltage and period in an oscillation circuit. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the control voltage in a conventional oscillation circuit, and a period. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the effect of an overcurrent limiting circuit. It is a circuit diagram which shows an overcurrent limiting circuit. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the effect of an overvoltage limiting circuit. It is a circuit diagram which shows an overvoltage limiting circuit. It is a figure which shows the change of the output voltage with respect to the input voltage of a constant voltage circuit. It is a figure which shows the pseudo sine wave of an inverter circuit output voltage. It is a figure which shows the relationship between generator voltage and electric current when TV etc. are turned on. It is a figure which shows input voltage, electric current, and electric power when a television etc. are turned on for 1 hour. It is a block diagram which shows the conventional human power generator.

1 Human power generator (coreless generator)
2 Rectifier circuit 3 Constant voltage circuit 32 Duty ratio control oscillation circuit 33 Overcurrent limit circuit 35 Overvoltage limit circuit 36 Output voltage limit circuit 4 Inverter circuit 5 Electric appliance

Claims (8)

A generator,
A switching system constant voltage circuit for limiting the current flowing from the generator while performing duty ratio control on the electric power generated by the generator to make the voltage constant, and
A power generation apparatus comprising: an inverter circuit that converts power converted to a constant voltage by the constant voltage conversion circuit into AC power and supplies the AC power to an electrical appliance.   The constant voltage in the constant voltage circuit is controlled by making the pulse width constant and increasing the cycle in direct proportion to the input voltage so that the duty ratio of the step-down switching pulse is in inverse proportion to the generator voltage. The power generator according to claim 1. The power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the constant voltage circuit includes an output voltage limiting circuit for preventing an output voltage from exceeding when a low output load is applied.   The power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the constant voltage circuit includes an overcurrent limiting circuit for preventing an excessive input current at a low input voltage.   The power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the constant voltage circuit includes an overvoltage limiting circuit for preventing an excessive input voltage at a high input voltage.   The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the power generator is a coreless power generator. A rectifier circuit for rectifying and smoothing AC power obtained by the generator;
The power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein DC power rectified and smoothed by the rectifier circuit is input to the constant voltage circuit.   The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the power generator is a bicycle-type human power generator.

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