JP2010148654A - Blood treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To make the flow of the dialysate uniform and uniform, by causing the detour flow and weak flow branched from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 to reach the vicinity of the hollow fiber membrane 4 region with almost no time difference. To provide a blood processing apparatus capable of doing this.
A base end portion is fixed in the housing (2) at a position corresponding to the dialysate port inlet (7.1) of the housing (2), and a distal end portion is disposed in the housing (2). The obstruction member (11) extending along the length direction of the obstruction member (11) is provided, and in the space (S) formed between the obstruction member (11) and the housing (2), the dialysate port inlet ( 7.1) At least part of the flow of the dialysate that collides with the dialysate introduced from 7.1) and tries to detour toward the wall surface of the housing (2) opposite to the dialysate port inlet (7.1) The blood processing apparatus (1) which formed the detour mitigation part (12) which weakens.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood processing apparatus used for hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration and the like, and relates to an improvement of a blood processing apparatus in which a hollow fiber membrane is loaded in a housing (also referred to as “casing”). The present invention relates to a blood processing apparatus having an improved liquid flow. In particular, the present invention relates to an improvement of an obstacle member (also referred to as a “baffle plate (cylinder)”) formed in a housing.

  The blood processing apparatus is provided with a dialysate port (two locations of an inlet and an outlet) at an end of the housing in the cross-sectional direction (also referred to as radial direction) direction. The obstacle member is disposed at a position corresponding to the dialysate port inlet of the housing so as not to damage the hollow fiber membrane due to the flow of the dialysate introduced into the housing. The following invention is disclosed as the obstruction member.

In Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-350781, abstract, paragraph [0014], FIG. 3 and FIG. 4), the base end is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the casing, and the tip is the opening of the casing. A baffle plate (3) is provided, and the baffle plate has a length that allows the tip to reach the resin layer portion (fixing material), and is spaced apart from the inner wall of the casing by a predetermined distance (and a dialysate injection port (and An invention is disclosed that is formed in the shape of a tongue covering the outlet) and can prevent the hollow fiber from being fixed to the baffle plate during production.
In the baffle plate (3), a resin composition flow guide groove (14) is formed at a base end portion, and the baffle plate is prevented from diffusing when the resin composition is injected into the casing. It is described that a plurality of jetties (13) are formed on the wall surface of the plate facing the dialysate inlet.

In Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-116134, abstract, paragraph [0011], FIGS. 2 to 4), the baffle plate (41) has a base end fixed to the inner surface of the casing (2). The protrusion (42) projecting toward the hollow fiber bundle (5) side is provided on the inner surface of the baffle plate (41) with the tip portion extending toward the opening end of the casing (2). (41) formed from one side of the width direction to the other side, so that even if the resin liquid scoops up, the buffer plate and a part of the hollow fiber bundle are not fixed, and damage to the hollow fiber membrane is avoided. A possible invention is disclosed.
In Patent Document 2, the baffle plate (41) is formed on the entire circumference of the casing (2).

  Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-7180, claims, FIGS. 2 to 5) describes a doorway formed in the vicinity of both ends of the casing, a space formed by the outer wall of the hollow fiber membrane bundle and the inner wall of the casing. The hollow fiber membrane filter having a (second) flow path is provided with an obstacle that blocks the flow of fluid in the circumferential direction of the hollow fiber membrane bundle in the (second) flow path. A comb-like collar provided on the cylindrical casing. Accordingly, an invention is disclosed in which the flow pressure loss is not greatly increased and the flow does not damage the hollow fiber membrane.

  In Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-154772, Summary, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4), a baffle cylinder having a slit extending in a direction oblique to the cylinder axis of the casing cylinder is included in the partition wall. An invention is disclosed in which the partition member can be prevented from being peeled off or detached from the casing cylinder.

JP 2000-350781 A (Summary, paragraph [0014], FIG. 3, FIG. 4) JP 2006-116134 A (Abstract, paragraph [0011], FIGS. 2 to 4) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-7180 (Claims, FIGS. 2 to 5) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-154772 (Summary, FIGS. 3 and 4)

The problems to be solved by the present invention are as follows:
In Patent Document 1, the tip portion of the “tongue piece” (baffle plate) reaches the resin layer portion (also referred to as a fixing member), so that the dialysate injected from the injection port hits the baffle plate and is dispersed in the left-right direction. However, when the dialysate flows into the hollow fiber membrane region, it is not uniform and there is a concern that the flow rate is likely to be uneven.
In Patent Document 2, the baffle plate (41) is formed on the entire circumference. For this reason, since the dialysate injected from the inlet flows into the hollow fiber membrane region so as to bypass the baffle plate, when the dialysate flows into the hollow fiber membrane, it is not uniform and the flow rate is uneven. There is a concern that it is easy to do.
In the “comb tooth-shaped collar” of Patent Document 3 and the “baffle cylinder having a slit” of Patent Document 4, when the hollow fiber membrane is inserted into the housing, the hollow fiber membrane is “tooth-shaped collar”, “ In the worst case, the hollow fiber membrane may be damaged.

Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has reached the following invention.
[1] In the present invention, the hollow fiber membrane (4) is disposed in the housing (2) along the length direction of the housing (2),
The hollow fiber membrane (4) end is fixed to the inner surface of the housing (2) end by a fixing material (3),
A dialysate port inlet (7.1) and a dialysate port outlet (7.2) are attached to the end of the housing (2) in the cross-sectional direction intersecting the length direction,
A blood port inlet (5.1) and a blood port outlet (5.2) are attached to both ends in the length direction of the housing (2),
A base end portion is fixed in the housing (2) at a position corresponding to the dialysate port inlet (7.1) of the housing (2), and a distal end portion is a length direction of the housing (2). An obstruction member (11) extending along
The dialysate port introduced from the dialysate port inlet (7.1) collides with the dialysate port in the space (S) formed between the obstruction member (11) and the housing (2). A blood processing device (1) having a detour relaxation portion (12) for weakening at least a part of the flow of the dialysate to be detoured toward the wall surface of the housing (2) opposite to the inlet (7.1) )I will provide a.
[2] The present invention provides the blood processing apparatus (1) according to [1], wherein a plurality of the detour relaxation parts (12) are formed on an outer peripheral part of the obstacle member (11).
[3] The blood processing apparatus (1) according to [1], wherein the plurality of bypass relaxation portions (12) are formed on an inner wall surface of the housing (2) facing the obstacle member (11). I will provide a.
[4] In the present invention, the detour relaxation portion (12) is connected to a line connecting the center (C1) of the cross section of the housing (2) and the center (C2) of the dialysate port inlet (7.1), The intersecting angle (θ) of the lines drawn in the circumferential direction of the housing (2) from the center (C1) is at least one place between 0 ° and less than 90 °, and 270 ° or more The blood processing apparatus (1) according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the blood processing apparatus (1) is disposed at least at a position between 1 and 360 degrees.

[5] In the present invention, the bypass relaxation portion (12) is centered on a line connecting the center (C1) of the cross section of the housing (2) and the center (C2) of the dialysate port inlet (7.1). Furthermore, the blood processing apparatus (1) according to any one of [1] to [4], which is disposed on the left and right targets, is provided.
[6] In the present invention, the detour relaxation part (12) is configured such that the angle (θ) is at least one point between 30 ° and 60 ° counterclockwise, and between 300 ° and 330 °. The blood processing apparatus (1) according to any one of [1] to [5], which is disposed at least at one position between the two.
[7] In the present invention, the detouring relaxation portion (12) is further arranged at least at one location between the angle (θ) exceeding 90 ° and less than 270 ° in the counterclockwise direction. The blood processing apparatus (1) according to any one of [6] is provided.

<1> When dialysate flows from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 into the hollow fiber membrane 4 region, the dialysate that flows into the housing 2 from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 It collides with the member 11 and flows into the hollow fiber membrane 4 region while detouring toward the wall surface of the housing 2 opposite to the dialysate port inlet 7.1 (hereinafter referred to as “diverted flow”). It collides with a plurality of detour relaxation parts 12 formed on the outer peripheral part of the member 11.
At least part of the flow of the collided dialysate is weakened (hereinafter referred to as “weak flow”), and the detour relaxation is performed (without diverting toward the wall surface of the housing 2 opposite to the dialysate port inlet 7.1). It flows into the hollow fiber membrane 4 region from the position of the portion 12.
And the detour flow and the weak body flow branched from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 reach the vicinity of the hollow fiber membrane 4 region inlet with almost no time difference.
As a result, in the present invention, the bypass flow and the weak body flow branched from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 reach the vicinity of the hollow fiber membrane 4 region inlet with almost no time difference.
For this reason, the flow rate of the dialysate is uniform and uniform.
(Refer to the examples described later. Note that, when the detour mitigation unit 12 is not provided, the detour flow tends to be mainstream, so there is a concern that the flow rate varies.)
<2> In the blood treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention, as in claims 1 to 3, when the hollow fiber membrane 4 is inserted into the housing 2, there is a possibility of contact when the hollow fiber membrane 4 passes. Since the detour relaxation portion 12 is formed avoiding a certain portion, there is no portion where the hollow fiber membrane is caught, such as “comb-toothed collar” in Patent Document 3 and “slit” in Patent Document 4. For this reason, when inserting the hollow fiber membrane 4 in the housing 2, the fear of breakage can be solved.

1 is an overall side view of the blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. FIG. 5 is a model diagram illustrating an example of disposing each detour relaxation unit 12 on the obstacle member 11, and FIG. 6 shows each detour on the obstacle member 11. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flow analysis result of an arrangement example of each detour mitigation unit 12 in FIG. 6.
In the present invention, the length direction of the housing 2 is referred to as a first direction X, and the cross section (crossing) direction intersecting the first direction X is referred to as a second direction Y. The housing 2 has a center C1 extending in the first direction X in the second direction Y.
In the first direction X, the direction in which the blood port inlet 5.1 is mounted is described as a first X1 direction, and the direction in which the blood port outlet 5.2 is mounted is described as a first X2 direction.
In the second direction Y, the direction in which the dialysate port inlet 7.1 and dialysate port outlet 7.2 are attached is the second Y1 direction, and the dialysate port inlet 7.1 and dialysate port outlet 7.2 are attached. The direction opposite to the second Y1 direction and approximately 180 ° is referred to as the second Y2 direction.

In the blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention, a hollow fiber membrane 4 is disposed in the housing 2 along the first direction X of the housing 2, and the end of the hollow fiber membrane 4 is fixed in the housing 2 by the fixing material 3. Then, a dialysate port inlet 7.1 and a dialysate port outlet 7.2 are attached to the end of the housing 2 in the second Y1 direction, and the blood port inlet 5 is attached to both ends of the housing 2 in the first direction X. .1 and blood port outlet 5.2.
More specifically, the housing 2 has a small-diameter portion 2.1 and a large-diameter portion 2.2 formed on both sides of the small-diameter portion 2.1 via a transition portion 2.3. A dialysate port inlet 7.1 is attached to the side of the large diameter portion 2.2.
The base end is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2 at a position corresponding to the dialysate port inlet 7.1 side of the housing 2, and the distal end is in the first X2 direction (blood port outlet 5. The obstruction member 11 extending toward the second side) is provided.
The obstruction member 11 is formed in a substantially annular shape (or a substantially cylindrical shape), and a base end portion is fixed to an end portion of the small diameter portion 2.1 in the housing 2 in the first X2 direction.

The blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention is characterized in that a dialysate detour relaxation portion 12 introduced from a dialysate port inlet 7.1 is formed in a space S formed between the obstruction member 11 and the housing 2. It is.
Preferably, a plurality of detour relaxation parts 12 are formed on the outer peripheral part of the obstacle member 11. The detour relaxation part 12 is formed at a position that does not overlap with the dialysate port inlet 7.1.
Further, a plurality of detour relaxation portions 12 can be formed on the inner wall surface of the housing 2 facing the obstacle member 11. Also in this case, the detour relaxation part 12 is formed at a position that does not overlap with the dialysate port inlet 7.1.

The role of the plurality of detour relaxation parts 12 of the present invention is to cause the dialysate flowing in from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 to collide with the second Y2 direction (the direction of the wall surface of the housing 2 opposite to the dialysate port inlet 7.1). ) Is weakened (hereinafter referred to as “weak body flow”), and this weak body flow is caused to flow into the hollow fiber membrane 4 region from the position of the bypass relaxation portion 12. is there.
As a result, in the present invention, the bypass flow and the weak body flow branched from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 reach the vicinity of the hollow fiber membrane 4 region inlet with almost no time difference. As a result, the flow rate of the dialysate is uniform and uniform.

An example of the arrangement of the detour relaxation portion 12 formed on the obstacle member 11 and the effect thereof will be described in detail.
As the housing 2, a large diameter portion 2.1 having a diameter of 50 mm, an obstacle member 11 having a diameter of 40 mm, and a width of 8 mm was used.
As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the detour relaxation portion 12 forms a trapezoidal protrusion along the first direction X of the housing 2, and the height H is 0.5 mm, The length L in one direction X was 6 mm, and the width was formed such that the bottom side W1: 1.6 mm and the top side W2: 1.0 mm.
As shown in FIG. 6, the detour relaxation unit 12 changes the arrangement position and the number of arrangements as in the examples (a) to (d) and (f), and performs a flow response analysis (A The analysis was performed at the University of W. and the flow method of each case was confirmed.
The arrangement interval is represented by an angle θ at which a line L connecting the center C1 of the cross section of the housing 2 and the center C2 of the dialysate port inlet 7.1 intersects with a line drawn from the center C1 in the circumferential direction of the housing 2. , Counterclockwise 45 ° (position A), 90 ° (position B), 135 ° (position C), 180 ° (position D), 225 ° (position E), 270 ° (position F), 315 ° ( They were arranged at 45 ° intervals at the position G). The circumferential direction of the housing 2 means the outer peripheral direction of the housing 2 cross section from the center C1 of the housing 2 cross section.
Example (a): BF
Example (b): BD-F
Example (c): B-C-D-E-F
Example (e): A-B-C-D-E-F-G,
Example (g): A-C-E-G
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the results of the pulse response D (dialysate) side flow analysis (analysis method performed at Company A, University of W) in FIG.

The pulse response D (dialysate) side flow analysis was performed as follows. A liquid introduction tube equipped with a liquid feed pump was connected to the dialyzing fluid port inlet 7.1 side of the modularized housing 2, and a liquid discharge tube was connected to the dialysate port inlet 7.1 side.
Distilled water to which a predetermined concentration of red ink was added was introduced into the housing 2 from the liquid introduction tube, and was collected in each test tube from the liquid discharge tube every predetermined time passage unit. The concentration of red ink collected in each test tube was measured with a spectrophotometer.
In FIG. 7, the larger the value of “absorbance” on the vertical axis and the shorter “dimensionless time” on the horizontal axis, the more dialysate is discharged at a time, and the flow rate is uneven. It is shown that there can be no homogenization.
On the other hand, the smaller the “absorbance” value on the vertical axis and the wider the “dimensionless time” on the horizontal axis, the more dialysate is discharged in different times, and the flow rate is uneven and uneven. It shows that it is discharged uniformly.

From FIG. 7, the fluidity is shown in Example (g): A-C-E-G, Example (e): A-B-C-E-F-G, Example (c): B-C-D It was confirmed that -EF, Example (b): BF, Example (a): BF were good in this order. In all the examples, it was confirmed that better results were obtained than in the comparative example (one in which the detour relaxation unit 12 was not arranged at all).
From the result of FIG. 7, the detour relaxation part 12 should just be arrange | positioned at least one place between more than 270 degrees and less than 360 degrees at least counterclockwise between at least 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees. I was able to confirm.
Further, in consideration of the direction in which the dialysate flows from the blood port inlet 7.1 (position of 0 °), the detour relaxation portions 12 arranged at least one place as described above are connected to the center C1 of the cross section of the housing 2 and the dialysis What is necessary is just to arrange | position to the right-and-left object centering on the line | wire which connected the center C2 of the liquid port inlet 7.1.

It has been confirmed that a good effect can be obtained by disposing at least two counterclockwise positions of 45 ° (position A) and 315 ° (position G).
It is considered that substantially the same effect can be obtained even when these arrangement positions are ± 15 ° in the front-rear direction.
That is, it is effective to dispose at least one location between 30 ° and 60 ° and at least one location between 300 ° and 330 °.
Even if it is placed only at a position very close to the dialysate port inlet 7.1 (between 0 ° and less than 30 ° or more than 330 ° and less than 360 °), weak body flow occurs too early and the flow rate Since it becomes difficult to become uniform, it is not preferable.
Conversely, even if it is placed only at a position far from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 (between 60 ° and 180 ° or between 180 ° and less than 300 °), the flow is diverted rather than weak flow Is more dominant and the flow rate is less uniform. Since the function as the detour relaxation part 12 is not fulfilled, it is not preferable.

In Example (g), the number of arrangements is smaller than in Example (c), but better results are obtained than in Example (c). This is considered to be due to the arrangement at positions A and G, close to the dialysate port inlet 7.1.
Further, it was confirmed that the effect was not improved so much even if the detour relaxation portion 12 was arranged too much between 45 ° (position A) and 315 ° (position G). Example (e) has a larger number of arrangements between 45 ° (position A) and 315 ° (position G) than example (g), but example (g) is better than example (g). The result is obtained.
In addition, from FIG. 7 to Example (g): A-C-E-G detour relaxation part 12 is rotated counterclockwise by 45 ° (position A), 135 ° (position C), 225 ° (position E), It was confirmed that an example in which four positions were arranged at 315 ° (position G) at intervals of 90 ° was most preferable for improving the flowability of dialysate.

As in Example (a), it was confirmed that the effect was improved when it was further arranged at 180 ° (position D) as in Example (b) rather than in a small number of arrangements. .
Even if the bypass relaxation part 12 is arranged at a position far from the dialysate port inlet 7.1: 180 ° (position D), the function as the bypass relaxation part 12 is not achieved. When b), (c), (e), (f), at least one location between 0 ° and 90 ° and at least one location between 270 ° and less than 360 ° Further, it may be arranged at 180 ° (position D).

The shape of the detour relaxation part 12 forms a trapezoidal protrusion in the examples of FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, but is not limited to these shapes in the present invention.
In short, in the present invention, the detour relaxation portion 12 is disposed in the space S formed between the obstruction member 11 and the housing 2, and collides with the dialysate introduced from the dialysate port inlet 7.1 to perform dialysis. What is necessary is just to have the function which can weaken at least one part of the flow of the dialysate which is going to detour to the housing 2 wall surface direction on the opposite side to the liquid port inlet 7.1.
Therefore, the detour mitigating portion 12 has a shape protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the obstacle member 11 or the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2, and has a shape that can exhibit substantially the same effect as the above-described effect of the present invention. Anything is fine. For example, rib shape, bowl shape, kamaboko shape, semicircle shape, rectangular shape, etc. are mentioned.
Further, the height H, length L, width, and the like of the detour mitigation unit 12 are not limited to those described in the description and drawings of the present application. It may be formed in any manner as long as it plays the same role as the detour mitigating portion 12 and can provide substantially the same effect as the present invention.

Whole side view of blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention Partially enlarged sectional view of blood processing apparatus 1 of the present invention A view of arrow A in FIG. B enlarged view of FIG. 3 (enlarged view showing an example of the detour relaxation unit 12) Model diagram describing an example of disposing each detour relief part 12 on the obstacle member 11 Model diagram of an embodiment in which each detouring relaxation portion 12 is arranged on the obstacle member 11 at a position denoted by reference signs A to G, respectively. Schematic of the flow analysis result of the arrangement example of each detour relaxation part 12 of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blood processing apparatus 2 Housing 2.1 Small diameter part 2.2 Large diameter part 2.3 Transition part 3 Fixing material 4 Hollow fiber membrane 5.1 Blood port inlet 5.2 Blood port outlet 7.1 Dialysate port inlet 2 Dialysate port outlet 11 Obstacle member 12 (obstacle member) Detour relaxation part S Space

Claims (7)

A hollow fiber membrane (4) is disposed inside the housing (2) along the length direction of the housing (2),
The hollow fiber membrane (4) end is fixed to the inner surface of the housing (2) end by a fixing material (3),
A dialysate port inlet (7.1) and a dialysate port outlet (7.2) are attached to the end of the housing (2) in the cross-sectional direction intersecting the length direction,
A blood port inlet (5.1) and a blood port outlet (5.2) are attached to both ends in the length direction of the housing (2),
A base end portion is fixed in the housing (2) at a position corresponding to the dialysate port inlet (7.1) of the housing (2), and a distal end portion is a length direction of the housing (2). An obstruction member (11) extending along
The dialysate port introduced from the dialysate port inlet (7.1) collides with the dialysate port in the space (S) formed between the obstruction member (11) and the housing (2). A detour relaxation portion (12) for weakening at least a part of the flow of the dialysate to be detoured toward the wall surface of the housing (2) opposite to the inlet (7.1) is formed. Blood treatment device (1).   The blood processing apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the detour relaxation parts (12) are formed on an outer peripheral part of the obstacle member (11).   The blood processing apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the detour relief parts (12) are formed on an inner wall surface of the housing (2) facing the obstacle member (11).   The detour relaxation portion (12) is connected to the housing (2) by a line connecting the center (C1) of the cross section of the housing (2) and the center (C2) of the dialysate port inlet (7.1) and the center (C1). The angle (θ) at which the lines drawn in the circumferential direction of (2) intersect is at least one point in the counterclockwise direction exceeding 0 ° and less than 90 °, and between 270 ° and less than 360 ° The blood processing apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the blood processing apparatus (1) is arranged at least at one place.   The detour relaxation part (12) is arranged on the right and left sides around a line connecting the center (C1) of the cross section of the housing (2) and the center (C2) of the dialysate port inlet (7.1). The blood processing apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:   The detour relaxation part (12) is arranged such that the angle (θ) is counterclockwise at least one place between 30 ° and 60 ° and at least one place between 300 ° and 330 °. The blood processing apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the blood processing apparatus (1) is characterized in that: 2. The at least one detouring relaxation portion (12) is further disposed at a position where the angle (θ) is more than 90 ° and less than 270 ° in a counterclockwise direction. The blood processing apparatus (1) as described in any one of 6.

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