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JP2010019554A - Circuit board and measuring device - Google Patents

Circuit board and measuring device Download PDF

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JP2010019554A
JP2010019554A JP2008177474A JP2008177474A JP2010019554A JP 2010019554 A JP2010019554 A JP 2010019554A JP 2008177474 A JP2008177474 A JP 2008177474A JP 2008177474 A JP2008177474 A JP 2008177474A JP 2010019554 A JP2010019554 A JP 2010019554A
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circuit
signal
power supply
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power
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Hajime Yoda
元 依田
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Hioki EE Corp
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Abstract

【課題】小形化および製造コストの低減を図り得る回路基板を提供する。
【解決手段】互いに絶縁された状態で基板本体２の一次回路２ａ内に並設された複数の信号処理回路３と、基板本体２の二次回路２ｂ内に配設された信号処理回路４と、基板本体２の中間回路２ｃ内に配設された電源回路１１と、信号処理回路３から出力された信号Ｓ１を絶縁した状態で処理回路４に伝達する信号伝達部と、信号処理回路３内の電源回路３ａおよび電源回路１１に電源を供給する電源供給部とを備え、信号伝達部は、電源回路１１からの電源で作動する第１フォトカプラ２１ａ、および第２フォトカプラ２１ｂをそれぞれ信号処理回路３と同数備えて構成され、電源供給部は、電源回路１１に電源を供給する１つのトランス２３と、各電源回路３ａに電源をそれぞれ供給する信号処理回路３と同数のトランス２２とを備えて構成されている。
【選択図】図２A circuit board that can be reduced in size and reduced in manufacturing cost is provided.
A plurality of signal processing circuits 3 arranged in parallel in a primary circuit 2a of a substrate body 2 in a state of being insulated from each other; a signal processing circuit 4 disposed in a secondary circuit 2b of the substrate body 2; A power supply circuit 11 disposed in the intermediate circuit 2 c of the substrate body 2, a signal transmission unit for transmitting the signal S 1 output from the signal processing circuit 3 to the processing circuit 4 in an insulated state, and the signal processing circuit 3 The power supply circuit 3a and the power supply section for supplying power to the power supply circuit 11, and the signal transmission section performs signal processing on the first photocoupler 21a and the second photocoupler 21b that are operated by the power supply from the power supply circuit 11, respectively. The power supply section includes one transformer 23 that supplies power to the power circuit 11 and the same number of transformers 22 as the signal processing circuit 3 that supplies power to each power circuit 3a. The It has been made.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

本発明は、例えば、複数の処理回路を備えると共に所定の絶縁規格に適合するように絶縁された回路基板、およびその回路基板を備えた測定装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to, for example, a circuit board that includes a plurality of processing circuits and is insulated so as to conform to a predetermined insulation standard, and a measurement apparatus including the circuit board.

この種の回路基板を備えた測定装置として、特開２００７−２４８０９２号公報において出願人が開示した電気計測機器が知られている。この電気計測機器では、電圧を入力する電圧入力端子と電圧一次側回路との間、および電流を入力する電流入力端子と電圧一次側回路との間が基礎絶縁デバイスとしてのインピーダンスを介してそれぞれ接続されている。また、この電気計測機器では、電圧一次側回路と二次側回路との間が基礎絶縁デバイスとしてのフォトカプラを介して接続されている。つまり、この電気計測機器では、電圧入力端子と二次側回路との間、および電流入力端子と二次側回路との間が２つの基礎絶縁デバイスで接続されており、この構成により、両入力端子と二次側回路との間が二重絶縁されている。   As a measuring apparatus provided with this type of circuit board, an electrical measuring instrument disclosed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-248092 is known. In this electrical measuring instrument, the voltage input terminal for inputting voltage and the voltage primary side circuit, and the current input terminal for inputting current and the voltage primary side circuit are connected via impedance as a basic insulation device, respectively. Has been. Further, in this electrical measuring instrument, the voltage primary circuit and the secondary circuit are connected via a photocoupler as a basic insulation device. In other words, in this electrical measuring instrument, two basic insulation devices are connected between the voltage input terminal and the secondary circuit, and between the current input terminal and the secondary circuit. Double insulation is provided between the terminal and the secondary circuit.

一方、一般的に流通しているフォトカプラは、入力回路（発光側）と出力回路（受光側）との間の沿面距離が短く規定されており、高電圧を処理する際には、基礎絶縁の規格を満たさないことがある。このため、発明者は、高電圧処理に対応可能な構成として、図３に示すように、２つのフォトカプラ１２１ａ，１２１ｂを用いて基礎絶縁の規格を満たす回路基板１０１を既に開発している。この回路基板１０１は、一次回路１０２ａ、二次回路１０２ｂ、および両回路１０２ａ，１０２ｂ間に配置された中間回路１０２ｃを有する基板本体１０２を備えている。この場合、各回路１０２ａ〜１０２ｃは互いに絶縁された状態で配置されている。また、一次回路１０２ａ内には、電源回路１０３ａを有する信号処理回路１０３が配設されている。また、二次回路１０２ｂ内には、処理回路１０４、電源回路１０５およびスイッチング回路１０６が配設されている。さらに、中間回路１０２ｃには、電源回路１１１とスイッチング回路１１２とが配設されている。また、基板本体１０２には、信号伝達素子として機能する２つのフォトカプラ１２１ａ，１２１ｂと、電源供給部として機能する２つのトランス１２２ａ，１２２ｂとが配設されている。   On the other hand, in general photocouplers, the creepage distance between the input circuit (light emitting side) and the output circuit (light receiving side) is specified to be short, and basic insulation is required when processing high voltages. May not meet the standards. For this reason, the inventor has already developed a circuit board 101 that satisfies the basic insulation standards using two photocouplers 121a and 121b as shown in FIG. The circuit board 101 includes a board body 102 having a primary circuit 102a, a secondary circuit 102b, and an intermediate circuit 102c disposed between the circuits 102a and 102b. In this case, each circuit 102a-102c is arrange | positioned in the state insulated from each other. A signal processing circuit 103 having a power supply circuit 103a is disposed in the primary circuit 102a. A processing circuit 104, a power supply circuit 105, and a switching circuit 106 are disposed in the secondary circuit 102b. Further, the intermediate circuit 102c is provided with a power supply circuit 111 and a switching circuit 112. The substrate body 102 is provided with two photocouplers 121a and 121b that function as signal transmission elements, and two transformers 122a and 122b that function as power supply units.

この回路基板１０１では、電源回路１０５が、二次回路１０２ｂに入力された交流電圧から直流電圧を生成して、処理回路１０４、スイッチング回路１０６およびフォトカプラ１２１ｂに供給する。これにより、処理回路１０４が作動すると共にフォトカプラ１２１ｂが作動可能な状態となる。また、スイッチング回路１０６が直流電圧をスイッチングしてトランス１２２ｂを介して電源回路１１１に交流電圧を供給する。この際に、電源回路１１１は、トランス１２２ｂを介して入力した交流電圧を整流することによって直流電圧を生成し、この直流電圧をスイッチング回路１１２およびフォトカプラ１２１ａに供給する。これにより、スイッチング回路１１２が直流電圧をスイッチングしてトランス１２２ａを介して電源回路１０３ａに交流電圧を供給し、フォトカプラ１２１ａが作動可能な状態となる。また、電源回路１０３ａは、トランス１２２ａを介して入力した交流電圧を整流することによって直流電圧を生成して信号処理回路１０３内に供給する。この状態において、信号Ｓ１が入力された際には、信号処理回路１０３によって増幅された信号Ｓ１がフォトカプラ１２１ａに出力され、フォトカプラ１２１ａ，１２１ｂが、信号Ｓ１を絶縁した状態で処理回路１０４に出力する。この後、処理回路１０４が信号Ｓ１を処理して信号Ｓ２として出力する。   In the circuit board 101, the power supply circuit 105 generates a DC voltage from the AC voltage input to the secondary circuit 102b and supplies it to the processing circuit 104, the switching circuit 106, and the photocoupler 121b. As a result, the processing circuit 104 is activated and the photocoupler 121b is operable. The switching circuit 106 switches the DC voltage and supplies the AC voltage to the power supply circuit 111 via the transformer 122b. At this time, the power supply circuit 111 generates a DC voltage by rectifying the AC voltage input via the transformer 122b, and supplies the DC voltage to the switching circuit 112 and the photocoupler 121a. As a result, the switching circuit 112 switches the DC voltage and supplies the AC voltage to the power supply circuit 103a via the transformer 122a, so that the photocoupler 121a becomes operable. Further, the power supply circuit 103 a generates a DC voltage by rectifying the AC voltage input via the transformer 122 a and supplies the DC voltage into the signal processing circuit 103. In this state, when the signal S1 is input, the signal S1 amplified by the signal processing circuit 103 is output to the photocoupler 121a, and the photocouplers 121a and 121b transmit the signal S1 to the processing circuit 104 with the signal S1 insulated. Output. Thereafter, the processing circuit 104 processes the signal S1 and outputs it as a signal S2.

特開２００７−２４８０９２号公報（第５−６頁、第１図）JP 2007-248092 A (page 5-6, FIG. 1)

ところが、発明者が既に開発している上記の回路基板１０１にも、解決すべき以下の課題がある。すなわち、この回路基板１０１では、高電圧処理時における基礎絶縁の規格を満たすために、２つのフォトカプラ１２１ａ，１２１ｂを用いている。したがって、信号処理回路１０３用の電源だけではなく、フォトカプラ１２１ａのフォトトランジスタ用の電源も絶縁した状態で供給する必要があり、このために、２つのトランス１２２ａ，１２２ｂを用いている。この結果、この構成を複数種類の信号を処理する多チャンネルの回路基板に適用したときには、各チャンネル毎に２つのトランス１２２ａ，１２２ｂ（つまり、（チャンネル数×２）個のトランス）を設ける必要がある。したがって、この回路基板１０１には、トランス１２２ａ，１２２ｂの数が多い分、小形化が困難であると共に製造コストの低減が困難であるという課題が存在する。   However, the circuit board 101 already developed by the inventors also has the following problems to be solved. That is, in this circuit board 101, two photocouplers 121a and 121b are used to satisfy the standard of basic insulation during high voltage processing. Therefore, it is necessary to supply not only the power source for the signal processing circuit 103 but also the power source for the phototransistor of the photocoupler 121a in an insulated state. For this purpose, the two transformers 122a and 122b are used. As a result, when this configuration is applied to a multi-channel circuit board that processes a plurality of types of signals, it is necessary to provide two transformers 122a and 122b (that is, (number of channels × 2) transformers) for each channel. is there. Therefore, the circuit board 101 has a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size and the manufacturing cost because the number of transformers 122a and 122b is large.

本発明は、かかる問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、小形化および製造コストの低減を図り得る回路基板および測定装置を提供することを主目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a main object of the present invention is to provide a circuit board and a measuring apparatus that can be reduced in size and manufacturing cost.

上記目的を達成すべく請求項１記載の回路基板は、一次回路、中間回路および二次回路が互いに絶縁された状態で配置された基板本体と、互いに絶縁された状態で前記一次回路内に並設されると共に第１電源回路をそれぞれ有し、かつ当該第１電源回路からの電源で作動すると共に入力した信号を処理して出力する複数の第１処理回路と、前記二次回路内に配設されて前記各第１処理回路からそれぞれ出力された信号を処理する第２処理回路と、前記中間回路内に配設された中間回路用電源回路と、前記第１処理回路から出力された前記信号を絶縁した状態で前記第２処理回路に伝達する信号伝達部と、前記二次回路内の電源を前記各第１電源回路および前記中間回路用電源回路に供給する電源供給部とを備え、前記信号伝達部は、第１信号伝達素子および第２信号伝達素子をそれぞれ前記第１処理回路と同数備えて構成され、前記第１信号伝達素子は、入力回路が前記第１処理回路からの前記信号を非絶縁状態で入力して絶縁状態で出力回路に出力すると共に当該出力回路が前記中間回路用電源回路からの電源で作動して当該信号を出力し、前記第２信号伝達素子は、入力回路が前記第１信号伝達素子の前記出力回路からの前記信号を非絶縁状態で入力して絶縁状態で出力回路に出力すると共に当該出力回路が当該信号を非絶縁状態で前記第２処理回路に出力する回路基板であって、前記電源供給部は、１つの第１トランスと、前記第１処理回路と同数の第２トランスとを備え、前記第１トランスは、一次巻線に入力した前記二次回路内の前記電源を二次巻線を介して前記中間回路用電源回路に供給し、前記各第２トランスは、一次巻線に入力した前記二次回路内の前記電源を二次巻線を介して前記各第１電源回路にそれぞれ供給する。   In order to achieve the above object, a circuit board according to claim 1 is provided in such a manner that a primary circuit, an intermediate circuit, and a secondary circuit are arranged in a state where they are insulated from each other, and a circuit board is arranged in the primary circuit while being insulated from each other. A plurality of first processing circuits each having a first power supply circuit and operating with a power supply from the first power supply circuit and processing and outputting an input signal; and a plurality of first processing circuits disposed in the secondary circuit. A second processing circuit configured to process signals output from the first processing circuits, an intermediate circuit power supply circuit disposed in the intermediate circuit, and the output from the first processing circuit. A signal transmission unit that transmits the signal to the second processing circuit in an insulated state; and a power supply unit that supplies power in the secondary circuit to the first power circuit and the intermediate circuit power circuit. The signal transmission unit includes a first signal Each of the first signal processing element and the second signal transmission element are provided in the same number as the first processing circuit, and the first signal transmission element is configured such that the input circuit inputs the signal from the first processing circuit in a non-insulated state. The output circuit is output to the output circuit in an insulated state, and the output circuit is operated by the power supply from the intermediate circuit power supply circuit to output the signal. The second signal transmission element has an input circuit connected to the first signal transmission element. The circuit board that inputs the signal from the output circuit in a non-insulated state and outputs the signal to the output circuit in an insulated state, and the output circuit outputs the signal to the second processing circuit in a non-insulated state, The power supply unit includes one first transformer and the same number of second transformers as the first processing circuit, and the first transformer uses the power in the secondary circuit input to the primary winding as a secondary. Through the winding the intermediate times Supplied to use the power supply circuit, wherein the second transformer is supplied to each of the respective first power supply circuit via the secondary winding of the power supply in the secondary circuit input to the primary winding.

また、請求項２記載の測定装置は、請求項１記載の回路基板と、前記第２処理回路から出力される前記信号に基づいて所定の物理量を測定する測定部とを備えている。   A measuring apparatus according to a second aspect includes the circuit board according to the first aspect and a measuring unit that measures a predetermined physical quantity based on the signal output from the second processing circuit.

請求項１記載の回路基板では、１つの第１トランスから出力される電源を中間回路内の１つの（共通の）中間回路用電源回路を介して各第１信号伝達素子に供給している。このため、この回路基板によれば、フォトカプラ（第１信号伝達素子）に対する電源供給用のトランスを各チャンネル毎に設けている従来の回路基板と比較して、トランスの数を全体として削減することができる結果、その分、回路基板の小形化、および回路基板の製造コストの低減を実現することができる。   In the circuit board according to the first aspect, the power output from one first transformer is supplied to each first signal transmission element via one (common) intermediate circuit power supply circuit in the intermediate circuit. Therefore, according to this circuit board, the number of transformers as a whole is reduced as compared with a conventional circuit board in which a transformer for supplying power to the photocoupler (first signal transmission element) is provided for each channel. As a result, the circuit board can be reduced in size and the manufacturing cost of the circuit board can be reduced accordingly.

請求項２記載の測定装置によれば、請求項１記載の回路基板を備えたことにより、回路基板の小形化および回路基板の製造コストの低減に伴って、装置全体の小形化および装置全体としての製造コストの低減を実現することができる。   According to the measuring apparatus of the second aspect, by providing the circuit board according to the first aspect, as the circuit board is reduced in size and the manufacturing cost of the circuit board is reduced, the overall size of the apparatus is reduced and the entire apparatus is reduced. The manufacturing cost can be reduced.

以下、本発明に係る回路基板および測定装置の最良の形態について、添付図面を参照して説明する。   Hereinafter, the best mode of a circuit board and a measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

最初に、測定装置５１の構成について、図面を参照して説明する。図１に示す測定装置５１は、本発明に係る測定装置の一例であって、回路基板１、測定部５２、表示部５３、操作部５４および制御部５５を備えて、電圧、電流および電力等の所定の物理量を測定可能に構成されている。   First, the configuration of the measuring device 51 will be described with reference to the drawings. A measuring device 51 shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a measuring device according to the present invention, and includes a circuit board 1, a measuring unit 52, a display unit 53, an operation unit 54, and a control unit 55. The predetermined physical quantity can be measured.

回路基板１は、本発明に係る回路基板の一例であって、図２に示すように、基板本体２を備えており、この基板本体２には、一次回路２ａ、二次回路２ｂ、および両回路２ａ，２ｂ間に配置された中間回路２ｃが設けられている。この場合、各回路２ａ〜２ｃは互いに絶縁された状態で配置されている。この回路基板１では、複数チャンネル（この例では、４チャンネル）で入力された各種の信号Ｓ１を処理可能に構成されている。また、この回路基板１は、全領域が所定の絶縁規格（ＩＥＣ規格、ＪＩＳ規格およびＵＬ規格等）に適合するように絶縁されている。   The circuit board 1 is an example of a circuit board according to the present invention, and includes a board body 2 as shown in FIG. 2, and the board body 2 includes a primary circuit 2a, a secondary circuit 2b, and both. An intermediate circuit 2c disposed between the circuits 2a and 2b is provided. In this case, each circuit 2a-2c is arrange | positioned in the state insulated from each other. The circuit board 1 is configured to be able to process various signals S1 input through a plurality of channels (four channels in this example). The circuit board 1 is insulated so that the entire area conforms to a predetermined insulation standard (IEC standard, JIS standard, UL standard, etc.).

一次回路２ａ内には、複数（一例として４つ）の信号処理回路（本発明における第１処理回路）３が配設されている。この場合、各信号処理回路３は、互いに絶縁された状態で並設されると共に電源回路（本発明における第１電源回路）３ａをそれぞれ有している。また、信号処理回路３は、基板本体２に配設された演算増幅器や抵抗などの複数の電気部品で構成されて、電源回路３ａからの直流電圧（電源）で作動すると共に信号入力端子３１から入力した信号Ｓ１を増幅（本発明における処理に相当する）して出力する。   In the primary circuit 2a, a plurality (four as an example) of signal processing circuits (first processing circuit in the present invention) 3 are arranged. In this case, the signal processing circuits 3 are arranged in parallel while being insulated from each other, and each has a power supply circuit (first power supply circuit in the present invention) 3a. The signal processing circuit 3 is composed of a plurality of electrical components such as operational amplifiers and resistors disposed on the board body 2, and operates with a DC voltage (power source) from the power circuit 3 a and from the signal input terminal 31. The input signal S1 is amplified (corresponding to processing in the present invention) and output.

また、二次回路２ｂ内には、信号処理回路（本発明における第２処理回路）４、電源回路５およびスイッチング回路６が配設されている。この場合、信号処理回路４は、各信号処理回路３から電気的に絶縁された状態で各信号Ｓ１を入力して、その信号Ｓ１を処理して（例えば、Ａ／Ｄ変換して）信号Ｓ２として測定部５２や図外の外部装置に出力する。また、電源回路５は、二次回路２ｂに入力された交流電圧から直流電圧を生成して、信号処理回路４、スイッチング回路６および後述するフォトカプラ２１ｂに供給する。また、スイッチング回路６は、信号処理回路３の数（つまりチャンネル数）に１を加えた数（この例では５つ）だけ配設されており、電源回路５から供給される直流電圧をスイッチングして後述する各トランス２２およびトランス２３に交流電圧を出力する。また、中間回路２ｃには、フォトカプラ２１ａに直流電圧を供給する１つの電源回路（本発明における中間回路用電源回路）１１が配設されている。この場合、電源回路１１は、トランス２３を介して入力した交流電圧を整流して直流電圧を生成する。   In the secondary circuit 2b, a signal processing circuit (second processing circuit in the present invention) 4, a power supply circuit 5, and a switching circuit 6 are disposed. In this case, the signal processing circuit 4 inputs each signal S1 while being electrically insulated from each signal processing circuit 3, processes the signal S1 (for example, A / D conversion), and outputs the signal S2. As shown in FIG. The power supply circuit 5 generates a DC voltage from the AC voltage input to the secondary circuit 2b and supplies the DC voltage to the signal processing circuit 4, the switching circuit 6, and a photocoupler 21b described later. Further, the switching circuits 6 are provided by the number (5 in this example) obtained by adding 1 to the number of signal processing circuits 3 (that is, the number of channels), and switch the DC voltage supplied from the power supply circuit 5. Then, an AC voltage is output to each transformer 22 and transformer 23 described later. The intermediate circuit 2c is provided with one power supply circuit (intermediate circuit power supply circuit in the present invention) 11 for supplying a DC voltage to the photocoupler 21a. In this case, the power supply circuit 11 rectifies the AC voltage input via the transformer 23 to generate a DC voltage.

また、基板本体２には、信号処理回路３と同数の第１フォトカプラ２１ａ、信号処理回路３と同数の第２フォトカプラ２１ｂ（アイソレータの一例、以下、第１フォトカプラ２１ａと第２フォトカプラ２１ｂとを区別しないときには「フォトカプラ２１」ともいう）、信号処理回路３と同数のトランス２２、および１つのトランス２３が配設されている。この場合、第１フォトカプラ２１ａは、アイソレータの一例であり、本発明における第１信号伝達素子として機能して、図２に示すように、入力回路（この例ではフォトダイオード）が信号処理回路３に接続されると共に、出力回路（この例ではフォトトランジスタ）が第２フォトカプラ２１ｂの入力回路（この例ではフォトダイオード）に接続されている。また、第１フォトカプラ２１ａは、電源回路１１からの直流電圧で作動して、信号処理回路３から信号Ｓ１が出力された際に、その信号Ｓ１をフォトダイオードを介してフォトトランジスタに絶縁した状態で伝達（出力）する。   Also, the substrate body 2 includes the same number of first photocouplers 21 a as the signal processing circuit 3 and the same number of second photocouplers 21 b as the signal processing circuit 3 (an example of an isolator, hereinafter, the first photocoupler 21 a and the second photocoupler). When not distinguished from 21b, it is also referred to as “photocoupler 21”), and the same number of transformers 22 and one transformer 23 as the signal processing circuit 3 are provided. In this case, the first photocoupler 21a is an example of an isolator, and functions as a first signal transmission element in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the input circuit (photodiode in this example) is a signal processing circuit 3. And an output circuit (a phototransistor in this example) is connected to an input circuit (a photodiode in this example) of the second photocoupler 21b. The first photocoupler 21a operates with a DC voltage from the power supply circuit 11, and when the signal S1 is output from the signal processing circuit 3, the signal S1 is insulated from the phototransistor via the photodiode. To transmit (output).

また、第２フォトカプラ２１ｂは、アイソレータの一例であり、本発明における第２信号伝達素子として機能して、入力回路（この例ではフォトダイオード）が第１フォトカプラ２１ａのフォトトランジスタに接続されると共に、出力回路（この例ではフォトトランジスタ）が信号処理回路４に接続されている。また、第２フォトカプラ２１ｂは、電源回路５からの直流電圧で作動して、第１フォトカプラ２１ａのフォトトランジスタに信号Ｓ１が伝達された際に、その信号Ｓ１をフォトダイオードを介して入力する共にその信号Ｓ１をフォトトランジスタに絶縁した状態で伝達（出力）する。したがって、この回路基板１では、１つの第１フォトカプラ２１ａおよび１つの第２フォトカプラ２１ｂ（２つのフォトカプラ２１）によって信号処理回路３から出力される信号Ｓ１が信号処理回路４に電気的に絶縁した状態で（非接触で）伝達される。なお、第１フォトカプラ２１ａおよび第２フォトカプラ２１ｂによって本発明における信号伝達部が構成される。   The second photocoupler 21b is an example of an isolator and functions as a second signal transmission element in the present invention, and an input circuit (a photodiode in this example) is connected to the phototransistor of the first photocoupler 21a. In addition, an output circuit (a phototransistor in this example) is connected to the signal processing circuit 4. Also, the second photocoupler 21b operates with a DC voltage from the power supply circuit 5, and when the signal S1 is transmitted to the phototransistor of the first photocoupler 21a, the signal S1 is input via the photodiode. In both cases, the signal S1 is transmitted (output) while being insulated from the phototransistor. Therefore, in this circuit board 1, the signal S1 output from the signal processing circuit 3 by one first photocoupler 21a and one second photocoupler 21b (two photocouplers 21) is electrically supplied to the signal processing circuit 4. It is transmitted in an insulated state (without contact). The first photocoupler 21a and the second photocoupler 21b constitute a signal transmission unit in the present invention.

ここで、この回路基板１では、上記したように、一次回路２ａと二次回路２ｂとの間に配設された（直列接続された）２つのフォトカプラ２１が、信号Ｓ１を絶縁した状態で伝達する。このため、この回路基板１では、入力回路（フォトダイオード）と出力回路（フォトトランジスタ）との間の沿面距離が短いことに起因して１つのフォトカプラ２１では基礎絶縁の規格を満たさない場合であっても、２つのフォトカプラ２１を直列接続することで、基礎絶縁の規格を満たすことが可能となっている。   Here, in the circuit board 1, as described above, the two photocouplers 21 (connected in series) arranged between the primary circuit 2a and the secondary circuit 2b insulate the signal S1. introduce. For this reason, in this circuit board 1, when the creeping distance between the input circuit (photodiode) and the output circuit (phototransistor) is short, one photocoupler 21 does not satisfy the basic insulation standard. Even in such a case, the basic insulation standard can be satisfied by connecting the two photocouplers 21 in series.

トランス２２は、各チャンネル毎に１つずつ設けられており、トランス２３と相俟って本発明における電源供給部を構成し、本発明における第２トランスとして機能する。この場合、トランス２２は、一次巻線がスイッチング回路６に接続されると共に二次巻線が信号処理回路３内の電源回路３ａに接続され、電源回路５によって生成された直流電圧に基づく電源、つまり二次回路２ｂ内で生成された電源を一次巻線に入力して、二次巻線を介して信号処理回路３内の電源回路３ａに供給する。トランス２３は、本発明における第１トランスとして機能する。この場合、トランス２３は、一次巻線がスイッチング回路６に接続されると共に二次巻線が中間回路２ｃ内の電源回路１１に接続され、電源回路５によって生成された直流電圧に基づく電源、つまり二次回路２ｂ内で生成された電源を一次巻線に入力して、二次巻線を介して電源回路１１に供給する。   One transformer 22 is provided for each channel, and together with the transformer 23, constitutes a power supply unit in the present invention, and functions as a second transformer in the present invention. In this case, the transformer 22 includes a power supply based on a DC voltage generated by the power supply circuit 5 with a primary winding connected to the switching circuit 6 and a secondary winding connected to the power supply circuit 3a in the signal processing circuit 3. That is, the power generated in the secondary circuit 2b is input to the primary winding and supplied to the power circuit 3a in the signal processing circuit 3 through the secondary winding. The transformer 23 functions as a first transformer in the present invention. In this case, the transformer 23 has a primary winding connected to the switching circuit 6 and a secondary winding connected to the power supply circuit 11 in the intermediate circuit 2 c, that is, a power supply based on a DC voltage generated by the power supply circuit 5, that is, The power generated in the secondary circuit 2b is input to the primary winding and supplied to the power circuit 11 via the secondary winding.

この回路基板１では、１つのトランス２３から出力される電源（交流電圧）を中間回路２ｃ内の１つの（共通の）電源回路１１を介して各チャンネルのフォトカプラ２１ａに供給している。このため、この回路基板１では、フォトカプラ１２１ａに対する電源供給用のトランス１２２ｂを各チャンネル毎に設けている従来の回路基板１０１と比較して、トランスの数を全体として削減することができる。具体的には、トランス２２が従来の回路基板１０１におけるトランス１２２ａの機能を実現し、トランス２３が従来の回路基板１０１における各トランス１２２ｂの機能を実現する。したがって、チャンネルがＮチャンネルの場合、従来の回路基板１０１ではチャンネルと同数のＮの数だけトランス１２２ｂを必要としていたのに対して、この回路基板１では、１つのトランス２３で同じ機能を実現することができ、その結果、その分、回路基板１の小形化、および回路基板１の製造コストの低減を実現することが可能となっている。   In this circuit board 1, the power (AC voltage) output from one transformer 23 is supplied to the photocoupler 21a of each channel via one (common) power circuit 11 in the intermediate circuit 2c. Therefore, in this circuit board 1, the number of transformers as a whole can be reduced as compared with the conventional circuit board 101 in which the transformer 122b for supplying power to the photocoupler 121a is provided for each channel. Specifically, the transformer 22 implements the function of the transformer 122a in the conventional circuit board 101, and the transformer 23 implements the function of each transformer 122b in the conventional circuit board 101. Therefore, when the number of channels is N, the conventional circuit board 101 requires the same number of transformers 122b as the number of channels, whereas the circuit board 1 realizes the same function with one transformer 23. As a result, the circuit board 1 can be reduced in size and the manufacturing cost of the circuit board 1 can be reduced accordingly.

測定部５２は、回路基板１から出力された信号Ｓ２に基づいて所定の物理量を測定する。表示部５３は、制御部５５の制御に従い、測定部５２によって測定された物理量を表示する。操作部５４は、電源スイッチや測定開始スイッチ等を備えて構成され、これらが操作されたときに操作信号を出力する。制御部５５は、操作部５４から出力された操作信号に従って各部を制御する。   The measuring unit 52 measures a predetermined physical quantity based on the signal S2 output from the circuit board 1. The display unit 53 displays the physical quantity measured by the measurement unit 52 according to the control of the control unit 55. The operation unit 54 includes a power switch, a measurement start switch, and the like, and outputs an operation signal when these are operated. The control unit 55 controls each unit in accordance with the operation signal output from the operation unit 54.

次に、測定装置５１を用いて所定の物理量を測定する際の回路基板１の動作について、図面を参照して説明する。   Next, the operation of the circuit board 1 when measuring a predetermined physical quantity using the measuring device 51 will be described with reference to the drawings.

まず、信号Ｓ１の入力用ケーブル（図示せず）を測定装置５１の回路基板１における各チャンネルＣｈ１〜Ｃｈ４の各信号入力端子３１にそれぞれ接続する。次いで、操作部５４の測定開始スイッチを操作する。続いて、制御部５５が、操作部５４から出力された操作信号に従って各部の制御を開始する。この場合、回路基板１の電源回路５が、二次回路２ｂ側に配設されている電源入力端子から入力した交流電圧を整流して直流電圧を生成して二次回路２ｂ内の各回路に供給する。これにより、信号処理回路４が作動状態となると共に第２フォトカプラ２１ｂが作動可能な状態となる。また、各スイッチング回路６が直流電圧をスイッチングして各トランス２２，２３の一次巻線に交流電圧を供給する。これにより、中間回路２ｃ内の電源回路１１がトランス２３の二次巻線を介して入力した交流電圧を整流することによって直流電圧を生成して各第１フォトカプラ２１ａのフォトトランジスタに供給する。この結果、各第１フォトカプラ２１ａが作動可能な状態となる。また、各信号処理回路３の電源回路３ａがトランス２２の二次巻線を介して入力した交流電圧を整流することによって直流電圧を生成して各信号処理回路３内の演算増幅器などに供給する。この結果、信号処理回路３が作動状態となる。   First, a signal S1 input cable (not shown) is connected to each signal input terminal 31 of each channel Ch1 to Ch4 in the circuit board 1 of the measuring device 51. Next, the measurement start switch of the operation unit 54 is operated. Subsequently, the control unit 55 starts control of each unit according to the operation signal output from the operation unit 54. In this case, the power supply circuit 5 of the circuit board 1 rectifies the AC voltage input from the power supply input terminal provided on the secondary circuit 2b side to generate a DC voltage, and generates a DC voltage in each circuit in the secondary circuit 2b. Supply. As a result, the signal processing circuit 4 is activated and the second photocoupler 21b is operable. Further, each switching circuit 6 switches the DC voltage and supplies the AC voltage to the primary windings of the transformers 22 and 23. As a result, the power supply circuit 11 in the intermediate circuit 2c rectifies the AC voltage input via the secondary winding of the transformer 23 to generate a DC voltage and supply it to the phototransistor of each first photocoupler 21a. As a result, each first photocoupler 21a becomes operable. Further, the power supply circuit 3 a of each signal processing circuit 3 rectifies the AC voltage input through the secondary winding of the transformer 22 to generate a DC voltage and supplies it to an operational amplifier or the like in each signal processing circuit 3. . As a result, the signal processing circuit 3 is activated.

次いで、各信号処理回路３が各信号入力端子３１を介して入力した信号Ｓ１に対して所定の処理（一例として増幅）を行ってそれぞれ出力する。続いて、各第１フォトカプラ２１ａのフォトダイオードが、信号Ｓ１を入力して絶縁状態（非接触状態）でフォトトランジスタに伝達する。次いで、各第２フォトカプラ２１ｂのフォトダイオードが、第１フォトカプラ２１ａのフォトトランジスタから出力された信号Ｓ１を入力して絶縁状態（非接触状態）でフォトトランジスタに伝達する。これにより、第１フォトカプラ２１ａおよび第２フォトカプラ２１ｂによって信号Ｓ１が信号処理回路３から信号処理回路４に絶縁された状態で伝達される。次いで、信号処理回路４が、信号Ｓ１に対して所定の処理（一例としてＡ／Ｄ変換）を実行して信号Ｓ２として測定部５２に出力する。続いて、測定部５２が、信号Ｓ２に基づいて所定の物理量を測定し、その測定結果を示す測定データを制御部５５に出力する。次いで、制御部５５が測定結果の表示を表示部５３に対して指示する。これにより、測定結果が表示部５３に表示される。   Next, each signal processing circuit 3 performs predetermined processing (amplification as an example) on the signal S1 input via each signal input terminal 31 and outputs the signal S1. Subsequently, the photodiode of each first photocoupler 21a receives the signal S1 and transmits it to the phototransistor in an insulated state (non-contact state). Next, the photodiode of each second photocoupler 21b receives the signal S1 output from the phototransistor of the first photocoupler 21a and transmits it to the phototransistor in an insulated state (non-contact state). Thereby, the signal S1 is transmitted from the signal processing circuit 3 to the signal processing circuit 4 in an insulated state by the first photocoupler 21a and the second photocoupler 21b. Next, the signal processing circuit 4 performs predetermined processing (A / D conversion as an example) on the signal S1, and outputs the signal S2 to the measurement unit 52. Subsequently, the measurement unit 52 measures a predetermined physical quantity based on the signal S <b> 2 and outputs measurement data indicating the measurement result to the control unit 55. Next, the control unit 55 instructs the display unit 53 to display the measurement result. As a result, the measurement result is displayed on the display unit 53.

このように、この回路基板１および測定装置５１では、１つのトランス２３から出力される電源を中間回路２ｃ内の１つの（共通の）電源回路１１を介して各チャンネルのフォトカプラ２１ａに供給している。このため、この回路基板１および測定装置５１によれば、フォトカプラ１２１ａに対する電源供給用のトランス１２２ｂを各チャンネル毎に設けている従来の回路基板１０１と比較して、トランスの数を全体として削減することができる結果、その分、回路基板１および測定装置５１の小形化、並びに回路基板１および測定装置５１の製造コストの低減を実現することができる。   Thus, in the circuit board 1 and the measuring device 51, the power output from one transformer 23 is supplied to the photocoupler 21a of each channel via one (common) power supply circuit 11 in the intermediate circuit 2c. ing. For this reason, according to the circuit board 1 and the measuring apparatus 51, the number of transformers is reduced as a whole compared with the conventional circuit board 101 in which the transformer 122b for supplying power to the photocoupler 121a is provided for each channel. As a result, the circuit board 1 and the measuring device 51 can be reduced in size, and the manufacturing cost of the circuit board 1 and the measuring device 51 can be reduced accordingly.

なお、本発明は、上記の構成に限定されない。例えば、フォトカプラ２１を第１信号伝達素子および第２信号伝達素子として用いた例について上記したが、本発明における第１信号伝達素子および第２信号伝達素子には、リレーや、フォトカプラ以外のアイソレータなどの各種の絶縁素子が含まれる。また、４つの信号処理回路３を備えた例について上記したが、２つ、３つ、および５つ以上の信号処理回路３を備えた各種の回路基板に適用することができる。また、上記した測定装置５１の構成は一例であって、各種の測定装置に適用することができるのは勿論である。   In addition, this invention is not limited to said structure. For example, the example in which the photocoupler 21 is used as the first signal transmission element and the second signal transmission element has been described above. However, the first signal transmission element and the second signal transmission element in the present invention include other than the relay and the photocoupler. Various insulating elements such as isolators are included. Moreover, although the example provided with the four signal processing circuits 3 was described above, it can be applied to various circuit boards provided with two, three, and five or more signal processing circuits 3. The above-described configuration of the measuring device 51 is an example, and it is needless to say that the measuring device 51 can be applied to various measuring devices.

測定装置５１の構成を示すブロック図である。2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a measuring device 51. FIG. 回路基板１の構成を示す構成図である。1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a circuit board 1. FIG. 回路基板１０１の構成を示す構成図である。1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of a circuit board 101. FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 回路基板
２ 基板本体
２ａ 一次回路
２ｂ 二次回路
２ｃ 中間回路
３ 信号処理回路
３ａ，５，１１ 電源回路
４ 信号処理回路
２１ａ 第１フォトカプラ
２１ｂ 第２フォトカプラ
２２，２３ トランス
５１ 測定装置
５２ 測定部
Ｓ１，Ｓ２ 信号 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Circuit board 2 Board | substrate main body 2a Primary circuit 2b Secondary circuit 2c Intermediate circuit 3 Signal processing circuit 3a, 5, 11 Power supply circuit 4 Signal processing circuit 21a 1st photocoupler 21b 2nd photocoupler 22, 23 Transformer 51 Measurement apparatus 52 Measurement Part S1, S2 signal

Claims (2)

一次回路、中間回路および二次回路が互いに絶縁された状態で配置された基板本体と、互いに絶縁された状態で前記一次回路内に並設されると共に第１電源回路をそれぞれ有し、かつ当該第１電源回路からの電源で作動すると共に入力した信号を処理して出力する複数の第１処理回路と、前記二次回路内に配設されて前記各第１処理回路からそれぞれ出力された信号を処理する第２処理回路と、前記中間回路内に配設された中間回路用電源回路と、前記第１処理回路から出力された前記信号を絶縁した状態で前記第２処理回路に伝達する信号伝達部と、前記二次回路内の電源を前記各第１電源回路および前記中間回路用電源回路に供給する電源供給部とを備え、
前記信号伝達部は、第１信号伝達素子および第２信号伝達素子をそれぞれ前記第１処理回路と同数備えて構成され、
前記第１信号伝達素子は、入力回路が前記第１処理回路からの前記信号を非絶縁状態で入力して絶縁状態で出力回路に出力すると共に当該出力回路が前記中間回路用電源回路からの電源で作動して当該信号を出力し、
前記第２信号伝達素子は、入力回路が前記第１信号伝達素子の前記出力回路からの前記信号を非絶縁状態で入力して絶縁状態で出力回路に出力すると共に当該出力回路が当該信号を非絶縁状態で前記第２処理回路に出力する回路基板であって、
前記電源供給部は、１つの第１トランスと、前記第１処理回路と同数の第２トランスとを備え、
前記第１トランスは、一次巻線に入力した前記二次回路内の前記電源を二次巻線を介して前記中間回路用電源回路に供給し、
前記各第２トランスは、一次巻線に入力した前記二次回路内の前記電源を二次巻線を介して前記各第１電源回路にそれぞれ供給する回路基板。 A substrate body disposed in a state where the primary circuit, the intermediate circuit and the secondary circuit are insulated from each other; and a first power supply circuit which is arranged in parallel in the primary circuit while being insulated from each other; and A plurality of first processing circuits that operate with a power source from the first power supply circuit and that process and output an input signal, and signals that are disposed in the secondary circuit and output from the first processing circuits, respectively. A second processing circuit for processing the intermediate circuit, a power supply circuit for the intermediate circuit disposed in the intermediate circuit, and a signal transmitted to the second processing circuit in an insulated state from the signal output from the first processing circuit A transmission unit, and a power supply unit that supplies power in the secondary circuit to the first power circuit and the intermediate circuit power circuit,
The signal transmission unit includes the same number of first signal transmission elements and second signal transmission elements as the first processing circuit.
In the first signal transmission element, the input circuit inputs the signal from the first processing circuit in a non-insulated state and outputs the signal to the output circuit in an insulated state, and the output circuit supplies power from the intermediate circuit power supply circuit. To output the signal,
In the second signal transmission element, an input circuit inputs the signal from the output circuit of the first signal transmission element in a non-insulated state and outputs the signal to the output circuit in an insulated state, and the output circuit does not transmit the signal. A circuit board that outputs to the second processing circuit in an insulated state;
The power supply unit includes one first transformer and the same number of second transformers as the first processing circuit,
The first transformer supplies the power supply in the secondary circuit input to the primary winding to the intermediate circuit power supply circuit via the secondary winding,
Each said 2nd transformer is a circuit board which supplies the said power supply in the said secondary circuit input into the primary winding to each said 1st power supply circuit via a secondary winding, respectively. 請求項１記載の回路基板と、前記第２処理回路から出力される前記信号に基づいて所定の物理量を測定する測定部とを備えている測定装置。   A measurement apparatus comprising: the circuit board according to claim 1; and a measurement unit that measures a predetermined physical quantity based on the signal output from the second processing circuit.
JP2008177474A 2008-07-08 2008-07-08 Circuit board and measuring device Pending JP2010019554A (en)

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