JP2010096457A - Air conditioning device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to stably obtain air at a desired temperature by heating using solar heat.
A temperature sensor 143 that measures the temperature of air heated by a solar collector 101, and a controller 144 that controls the amount of air blown by a heated air transport fan 141 based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 143. I prepared. The temperature sensor 143 measures the temperature of the air at the outlet where the heated air of the solar heat collector 101 is supplied. When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 143 is higher than a preset temperature, the control unit 144 increases the amount of air blown by the heated air transport fan 141, and the amount of air passing through the solar heat collector 101 is increased. Increase the flow rate (flow velocity).
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner using thermal energy from sunlight.

  In recent years, an air conditioner that performs heating or the like using thermal energy (solar heat) by sunlight has been developed from the viewpoint of energy saving and emission of greenhouse gases (see Patent Document 1). In this air conditioner, air (outside air) is heated by a solar heat collecting plate that collects solar heat, and the room is heated by the heated air. In summer, air heated by solar heat is used to regenerate the desiccant unit for dehumidification.

JP 2006-308204 A JP 2002-364879 A

  The amount of solar heat per unit area obtained from sunlight is not very large. When using solar heat, the ability to heat air varies greatly depending on the time, the change in the amount of solar radiation depending on the season and the weather. To do. For this reason, for example, in heating in winter, a desired heating capacity may not be obtained, and in regeneration of a desiccant unit in summer, a temperature of air necessary for regeneration may not be obtained. Thus, when air heated by solar heat is used, there is a problem that it is not easy to stably supply air having a desired temperature.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to stably obtain air having a desired temperature by heating using solar heat.

  The air conditioner according to the present invention includes a heat collecting unit that collects sunlight and heats air, a blowing unit that blows air heated by the heat collecting unit to a blowing target, and a temperature of air heated by the heat collecting unit. And a temperature measuring means for measuring one of the temperatures of the heat collecting means, and a control means for controlling the amount of air blown by the blowing means based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means.

  The air conditioner includes a cooling unit that cools the air that is transported to a room to be air-conditioned, and a desiccant rotor that dehumidifies the air supplied to the cooling unit, and the blowing target is a regeneration unit of the desiccant rotor. .

  In the above air conditioner, the cooling means may be an indirect heat exchange device, which is arranged in a heat exchange section provided with a plurality of air passages isolated from each other by a partition wall, and below the heat exchange section. And a water tank section for storing water, and one adjacent air passage is a dry air path, and a non-woven fabric that absorbs moisture is disposed in the other adjacent air path. It is designed to be soaked in water.

  The air conditioner may include a total heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between air exhausted from the room and air supplied to perform dehumidification with the desiccant rotor.

  In the air conditioner, the air blowing target is a room that is the target of air conditioning. The heat collecting means may circulate and heat indoor air.

  As explained above, according to the present invention, the total air volume of the air by the air blowing means that blows the air heated by the heat collecting means to the air blowing object is controlled by the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means. By heating using solar heat, an excellent effect is obtained that air at a desired temperature can be stably obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration example of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. This air conditioner includes a solar collector (heat collecting means) 101 that collects sunlight (solar heat) and heats the air, a desiccant rotor 102 that dehumidifies the air, and a room 105 that is subject to air conditioning. A cooling unit 103 that cools the air to be transported, and a heat exchange unit (total heat exchanger) 104 that exchanges heat between the air exhausted from the room 105 and the air supplied to the desiccant rotor 102 are provided. . As is well known, the desiccant rotor 102 holds a moisture absorbing member such as silica gel or a polymer sorbent, is formed into a disk shape, and is rotatable.

  As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, the solar heat collector 101 includes a box-shaped main body provided with a transparent plate 201 on the front surface side of a main body formed in a box shape, and a front side and a back surface of the main body. A heat collecting plate 202 disposed so as to be separated from the heat collecting plate 202, an inflow chamber 203 formed on the front surface side of the heat collecting plate 202, and a suction chamber 204 formed on the back surface side of the heat collecting plate 202. In addition, a suction port 205 for taking air into the inflow chamber 203 and a supply port 206 for supplying air heated from the suction chamber 204 are provided. The heat collecting plate 202 is made of, for example, an aluminum plate having a black surface, and includes a plurality of through holes having a diameter of about 1.5 mm, and an opening ratio of the entire plate is set to 0.3 to 1%. Moreover, the heat collecting plate 202 can increase the surface area by providing irregularities so as to wave in a sectional view. By increasing the surface area, air can be efficiently heated.

  In the solar heat collector 101, external air is introduced into the inflow chamber 203 from the suction port 205, passes through the plurality of through holes of the heat collecting plate 202, and moves to the suction chamber 204. As the air moves in this manner, the heat collecting plate 202 is heated by the radiant heat generated by sunlight transmitted through the transparent plate 201 made of glass or polycarbonate, and passes through the heat collecting plate 202. Air is heated and supplied from the supply port 206. Here, the heat loss in the inflow chamber 203 can be reduced by the transparent plate 201. The transparent plate 201 is not necessary.

  In addition, the air conditioner according to the present embodiment uses a heated air introduction channel 111 that introduces air heated by the solar collector 101 and air introduced by being heated by the solar collector 101 to a desiccant. A regeneration air introduction passage 112 for supplying the regeneration portion of the rotor 102, an exhaust passage 113 for exhausting the air that has passed through the regeneration portion of the desiccant rotor 102, and heating and introduction by the solar collector 101. And a heating air supply passage 114 for introducing the used air for heating the room 105. In the present embodiment, the desiccant rotor 102 and the room 105 to be air-conditioned are air blowing targets heated by the solar heat collector 101.

  In addition, an outside air introduction passage 115 for taking in air from outside to introduce the air into the heat exchanging unit 104 for cooling the room 105, an indoor exhaust passage 116 for exhausting air from the room 105, a desiccant rotor, and the like. Dehumidifying air introduction channel 117 for introducing the air dehumidified in 102 to desiccant rotor 102, dehumidified air transport channel 118 for transporting the air dehumidified in desiccant rotor 102 to cooling unit 103, and cooling unit 103 And a cooling air supply flow path 119 for supplying the air (cooled air) cooled in step 1 to the room 105.

  In addition, a switching damper 131 is provided for switching the air introduced through the heated air introduction passage 111 to either the regeneration air introduction passage 112 or the heating air supply passage 114. Further, the heated air introduction channel 111 is provided with a heated air transport fan (blower unit) 141 for blowing the heated air to the switching damper 131 side, and the dehumidifying air introduction channel 117 is heated. A dehumidified air transport fan 142 for blowing the exchanged air toward the desiccant rotor 102 is provided.

  In addition, in the air conditioner according to the present embodiment, the temperature sensor 143 that measures the temperature of the air heated by the solar heat collector 101 and the air sent by the heated air transport fan 141 based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 143. A control unit 144 for controlling the air volume is provided. The temperature sensor 143 measures the temperature of the air at the outlet (supply port 206) to which the heated air of the solar heat collector 101 is supplied.

  For example, when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 143 is higher than a preset temperature, the control unit 144 increases the amount of air blown by the heated air transport fan 141 and passes through the solar heat collector 101. Increase the air flow (flow velocity). When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 143 is higher than the set value, the solar heat collector 101 is in a state where the passing air can be heated to a higher temperature in a state where a lot of sunlight is obtained by comparison. . In this state, if the flow rate of the air passing through the solar collector 101 is increased, the time during which the passing air stays in the heated area is shortened. The temperature of warm air can be lowered. Further, by increasing the air volume, the heat from the heat collecting plate 202 can be moved to more air, and the heat loss radiated from the heat collecting plate to the outside without being able to heat the air is suppressed. become able to.

  On the other hand, when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 143 is lower than a preset temperature, the air flow rate by the heated air transport fan 141 is decreased and the flow rate of air passing through the solar collector 101 (flow velocity) ). When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 143 is lower than the set value, the solar heat collector 101 is in a state in which the passing air cannot be heated to a very high temperature in a state where much sunlight is not obtained. Yes. In this state, if the flow rate of the air passing through the solar heat collector 101 is decreased, the time during which the passing air stays in the heated area becomes longer, so that the temperature can be increased to a higher temperature. The temperature of the hot air supplied from the solar heat collector 101 can be increased.

  Next, an operation example of the air conditioner according to the present embodiment will be described. First, the operation during cooling will be described.

  First, outside air from the outside air introduction channel 115 is introduced into the heat exchange unit 104. In the heat exchanging unit 104, the indoor air exhausted from the room 105 is also introduced through the indoor exhaust flow path 116, and heat is exchanged between the outside air and the room air to reduce the temperature of the outside air and introduce dehumidifying air. This is supplied to the channel 117. In this way, the outside air whose temperature has been lowered by the heat exchanging unit 104 is introduced into the dehumidified portion of the desiccant rotor 102 by the dehumidified air transport fan 142 via the dehumidifying air introduction channel 117. Since the absolute humidity is lowered by the heat exchange unit 104, the dehumidifying load in the desiccant rotor 102 can be reduced. Moreover, the cooling load of the air to be processed in the cooling unit 103 can be reduced. The heat exchanging unit 104 is not necessary.

  The outside air dehumidified after passing through the dehumidified portion of the desiccant rotor 102 is introduced into the cooling unit 103 by the dehumidified air transport channel 118. The cooling unit 103 may use, for example, an indirect heat exchange device (see Patent Document 2). The indirect heat exchange device includes a heat exchange part provided with a plurality of air passages that are isolated from each other by a partition wall, and a water tank part that is disposed below the heat exchange part and stores water. The air passage is a dry air passage, and a non-woven fabric that absorbs moisture is disposed in the other adjacent air passage, and this non-woven fabric is immersed in water in the water tank section. Thus, according to the indirect heat exchange device, while cooling the processing air by evaporative cooling of water, the region where water evaporates and the region through which processing air passes are separated and processed through these boundary walls. Cool the air indirectly. For this reason, according to the indirect type heat exchange apparatus, it can cool, without raising the absolute humidity of process air.

  The cold air cooled by the cooling unit 103 as described above is introduced into the room 105 through the cooling air supply channel 119. As a result, the dehumidified cool air is supplied to the room 105, and the internal air is cooled and cooled. Since the air supplied to the cooling unit 103 is dehumidified by the desiccant rotor 102, generation of drainage due to condensation can be suppressed.

  On the other hand, the outside air (warm air) heated by the solar heat collector 101 passes through the heated air introduction channel 111, is blown by the heated air transport fan 141, and is introduced by the switching damper 131. It is introduced into the flow path 112. The hot air introduced into the regeneration air introduction channel 112 is supplied to the regeneration unit of the desiccant rotor 102. In this way, by supplying warm air to the desiccant rotor 102, the part of the desiccant rotor 102 that has reached the regeneration unit through the dehumidifying unit by rotation is regenerated. Further, the warm air that has passed through the regeneration portion of the desiccant rotor 102 is exhausted through the exhaust passage 113.

  Although the desiccant rotor 102 in the portion immediately after the regeneration is in a high temperature state, the temperature can be lowered until the desiccant rotor 102 is reached by appropriately controlling the rotational speed of the desiccant rotor 102. . Further, in the region from the regenerating unit to the dehumidifying unit, the desiccant rotor 102 may be cooled by supplying cold air.

  Next, the operation during heating will be described. First, the outside air is heated by the solar heat collector 101 to produce warm air. This warm air is introduced into the room 105 via the heating air supply channel 114. As a result, warm air is supplied to the room 105, and the internal air is heated and heated. During heating, not the outside air but air exhausted from the room 105 may be circulated and heated by the solar heat collector 101 and supplied to the room 105. In this case, a new flow path for circulating the air exhausted from the room 105 to the suction port 205 of the solar heat collector 101 may be newly provided. In addition, a humidification unit may be provided in the heating air supply flow path 114 so that the humidified warm air is supplied to the room 105.

  While the cooling and heating are performed as described above, in the air conditioner according to the present embodiment, the amount of sunlight is controlled by controlling the amount of air blown by the heated air transport fan 141 according to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 143. The variation of the temperature of the hot air supplied from the solar heat collector 101 due to the change was suppressed. As a result, for example, during the cooling operation, the desiccant rotor 102 can be regenerated more efficiently. In addition, air at a stable temperature can be supplied during heating operation.

Here, the solar heat collector 101 will be described. The solar heat collector 101 may be, for example, “Solar Wall (registered trademark)” manufactured by Conserval Co., Ltd. or “Solar Spandrel (registered trademark)” manufactured by Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd. When such an air solar collector is used, assuming that the air flow rate is constant, for example, as shown in FIG. (Dashed line) changes. FIG. 3 shows the result when a solar spandrel having a heat collection area of 5.1 m ² is used in an inclined state of 60 ° from the horizontal in September in Shizuoka Prefecture. The alternate long and short dash line indicates a change in the outside air temperature.

On the other hand, when the air flow rate in the solar heat collector 101 is changed by controlling the amount of air blown by the heated air transport fan 141, for example, in the range from 8:00 to 16:00 when sunshine exceeding a predetermined amount is obtained. The temperature of the obtained hot air can be made constant at 60 ° C. For example, when the amount of heat per unit area (m ² ) in the heat collecting plate 202 of the solar heat collector 101 changes with time as shown by a broken line in FIG. 4, as shown by a solid line, a heated air transport fan The air volume of 141 may be controlled. By controlling the air flow rate in the solar heat collector 101 as described above, the temperature of the hot air can be kept constant at 60 ° C. within the above-described time range.

  In the above description, the temperature of the air heated by the solar heat collector 101 is measured. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Instead of the air temperature, the temperature of the solar heat collector 101 may be measured by a temperature sensor, and the amount of air blown by the heated air transport fan (blower unit) 141 may be controlled based on the measured temperature. For example, the temperature of the heat collecting plate 202 is measured, and the amount of air blown by the heated air transport fan 141 is controlled by the measured temperature in the same manner as described above.

As shown in FIG. 5, the temperature of the air (solid line) at the outlet (supply port 206) of the solar heat collector 101 and the temperature of the heat collecting plate 202 (dotted line) change similarly with respect to time. Is shown. As is clear from this result, even when the temperature measurement result of the heat collecting plate 202 is used, the same control as that when the temperature measurement result of the air heated by the solar heat collector 101 is used is possible. Note that the temperature change of the heat collecting plate 202 in FIG. 5 is as shown in FIG. 6, with the upper surface (broken line) of the heat collecting plate 202 disposed at an inclination and the center of the surface (solid line) of the heat collecting plate 202. And the lower part (one-dot chain line) of the heat collecting plate 202. Moreover, the measurement results of FIGS. 5 and 6 are the results of using a solar spandrel having a heat collection area of 5.1 m ² tilted 60 ° from the horizontal in September in Shizuoka Prefecture.

It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the air conditioner in embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a solar heat collector 101. It is a characteristic view which shows the temperature change of the warm air obtained from a pneumatic solar heat collector. It is a characteristic view which shows the example of control of the fan 141 for heating air conveyance. It is a characteristic view which shows the change of the temperature of the warm air obtained from a pneumatic solar collector, and the temperature of a pneumatic solar collector. It is a characteristic view which shows the change of the temperature of a pneumatic solar collector.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 ... Solar collector (heat collecting means), 102 ... Desiccant rotor, 103 ... Cooling part, 104 ... Heat exchange part, 105 ... Room, 111 ... Heated air introduction flow path, 112 ... Regeneration air introduction flow path, 113 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Exhaust flow path, 114 ... Heating air supply flow path, 115 ... Outside air introduction flow path, 116 ... Indoor exhaust flow path ... 117 ... Dehumidification air introduction flow path, 118 ... Dehumidification air transport flow path, 119 ... Cooling air Supply flow path, 131... Switching damper, 141... Heated air transport fan (air blowing means), 142... Dehumidified air transport fan, 143.

Claims (6)

A heat collecting means for collecting sunlight and heating the air;
A blowing means for blowing air heated by the heat collecting means to a blowing object;
Temperature measuring means for measuring either the temperature of the air heated by the heat collecting means and the temperature of the heat collecting means;
An air conditioner comprising at least control means for controlling the amount of air blown by the air blowing means based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring means. The air conditioner according to claim 1,
A cooling means for cooling the air transported into the air-conditioned room,
A desiccant rotor for dehumidifying the air supplied to the cooling means,
The air blowing device is characterized in that the blowing target is a regeneration unit of the desiccant rotor. The air conditioner according to claim 2,
The cooling means is an indirect heat exchange device,
A heat exchange section provided with a plurality of air passages isolated from each other by a partition;
A water tank part that is disposed at the bottom of the heat exchange part and stores water;
One adjacent air passage is a dry air passage, and a non-woven fabric that absorbs moisture is disposed in the other adjacent air passage, and this non-woven fabric is immersed in the water of the water tank section. Air conditioner. The air conditioner according to claim 2 or 3,
An air conditioner comprising: a total heat exchanger that exchanges heat between air exhausted from the room and air supplied for dehumidification by the desiccant rotor. In the air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The air blower is a room to be air-conditioned. The air conditioner according to claim 5,
The heat collecting means circulates and heats the indoor air.

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