JP2010074997A - Building and method for selecting power supply route - Google Patents

Abstract

To reduce energy consumption by appropriately supplying power.
Commercial power is sent to a building 12 by an AC supply route 30 to a power load 22 having a large capacity in the building 12, a large household electrical appliance 26, an outlet 24, and the like. Further, the DC power of the photovoltaic power generation device 32 and the AC power of the commercial power are stored (charged) by the secondary battery 36 as a DC voltage via the bidirectional inverter 34 and converted into AC power by the DC-AC inverter 38. It is sent to the power load 22 having a large capacity by the AC supply route 30. Further, the DC power of the solar power generation device 32 and the secondary battery 36 is supplied to the power load 16 having a small capacity such as the dedicated circuit 18 for the entire building air conditioning and the LED lighting 20 through the DC supply route 44. The power supply route to each power load is determined by comparing the DC power transmission loss and the cross flow conversion efficiency loss.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a building and a power supply route selection method.

  As a configuration of power supply in a building such as a house, Patent Document 1 describes that DC power supplied from a solar cell module or the like is charged to a double-layer capacitor and supplied to a nightlight or the like at night. It describes what is supplied to indoor emergency lights.

By the way, in addition to a commercial power source, in a building that can use DC power as described above, it is desired to appropriately supply power in the building to reduce energy consumption.
JP 2003-65208 A

  This invention considers the said fact, and makes it a subject to obtain the power supply route selection method for selecting the power supply route in such a building which can reduce energy consumption by performing power supply appropriately, and such a building .

  In the first aspect of the present invention, when the direct current transmission loss when the direct current is transmitted to the power receiving member that receives power is smaller than the cross flow efficiency loss that converts the direct current into alternating current, A DC supply route for supplying power, and an AC supply route for supplying power to the power receiving member in an alternating current when the direct current transmission loss is equal to or greater than the crossflow conversion efficiency loss.

  That is, in this invention, the direct current power transmission loss transmitted with direct current with respect to a power receiving member is compared with the crossflow conversion efficiency loss at the time of power transmission after converting direct current into alternating current. When the direct current power transmission loss is smaller than the cross flow conversion efficiency loss, since the direct current supply route is provided for such a power receiving member, power is supplied through the direct current supply route. On the other hand, when the DC power transmission loss is greater than or equal to the cross flow conversion efficiency loss, an AC supply route is provided for such a power receiving member, and thus power is supplied through this AC supply route.

  In this way, power is supplied to the power receiving member by a method of supplying power with relatively little energy loss, so that power can be appropriately supplied and energy consumption can be reduced.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a direct-current power source that is a direct-current power supply source and a power storage member that is provided in the direct-current supply route and can store the direct-current power. Have.

  Therefore, the DC power supplied from the DC power source can be stored in the power storage member. Since the power storage member is provided in the DC supply route, the charged DC power can be discharged as necessary and supplied to the power receiving member from the DC supply route.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, a direct current connecting portion connectable to a direct current charging member capable of charging direct current power and the direct current connected to the direct current connecting portion. A second DC supply route capable of transmitting DC power from the charging member to the DC supply route.

  Therefore, in a state where the DC charging member is connected to the DC connection portion, the DC power of the DC charging member is transmitted to the DC supply route through the second DC supply route, so that the DC power from the DC charging member can be reduced in an emergency or the like. It becomes possible to receive supply. As the direct current charging member, for example, an automobile having a large-capacity secondary battery, such as a hybrid car or an electric car, can be cited.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an AC connection portion to which an AC power supply can be connected, wherein the DC power transmission loss is the cross flow conversion efficiency loss. When it is above, it supplies electric power with an alternating current with respect to the said receiving member through the said alternating current supply route from the said alternating current connection part.

  Therefore, when the direct current power transmission loss is equal to or greater than the cross flow conversion efficiency loss, it is possible to supply power to such a power receiving member by alternating current from the alternating current connection portion via the alternating current supply route.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a direct current transmission loss when direct current is transmitted to a power receiving member that receives electric power is compared with a cross flow conversion efficiency loss that converts the direct current into alternating current, and the direct current transmission loss is directly detected. A DC supply route for supplying power to the power receiving member with a direct current is selected when the AC conversion efficiency loss is smaller than the AC conversion efficiency loss, and when the DC power transmission loss is equal to or greater than the cross flow conversion efficiency loss, an AC current is supplied to the power receiving member. Select the AC supply route for supplying power.

  In this power supply route selection method, first, a direct current transmission loss and a cross flow conversion efficiency loss are compared. When the direct current power transmission loss is smaller than the cross flow conversion efficiency loss, the direct current supply route is selected. When the direct current power transmission loss is equal to or greater than the cross current conversion efficiency loss, the alternating current supply route is selected. A power supply route with relatively little energy loss can be selected. Then, by supplying power to the power receiving member through the selected power supply route, it is possible to reduce energy consumption by appropriate power supply.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to reduce energy consumption by appropriately supplying power.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a power supply system 14 in a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 schematically shows a building 12 including the power supply system 14. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the DC power route is indicated by a solid line, and the AC power route is indicated by a broken line. In the present embodiment, the DC power route is set to a voltage of about 12V, and the AC power route is set to a voltage of about 100V.

  In this building 12, a power load driven by DC power (a power load 16 having a small capacity such as a dedicated circuit 18 for the entire building air conditioning or the LED lighting 20) and a power load driven by AC power (connected to an outlet 24). And large-sized home appliances 26 (not shown in FIG. 1), or other large-capacity power loads 22). However, a part of the power load driven by AC power is driven after AC power is converted into DC power by a built-in (or separate housing) AC-DC adapter. Therefore, it may be driven by receiving direct-current power directly without using such an AC-DC adapter. Then, the power supply system 14 in the building 12 is provided with wiring (power supply route) that can appropriately supply power to these power loads as described later (resulting in less energy consumption). It is an example.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the building 12 is provided with a distribution board 28 serving as an AC connection unit according to the present invention, and commercial power has a large capacity power load 22 and a large household electrical appliance 26 in the building 12. It is sent to an outlet 24 or the like by an AC supply route 30. When using a DC-driven electric device using AC power from the outlet 24 or the like, an AC-DC adapter is interposed as necessary as described above.

  Further, on the roof of the building 12, a solar power generation device 32 that generates power using light energy from the sun is placed. The solar power generation device 32 generates DC power and is an example of a DC power source according to the present invention.

  In the building 12, for example, a bidirectional inverter 34 is installed on a veranda or the like. The bidirectional inverter 34 converts AC power sent from commercial power (distribution panel 28) into DC power, and outputs it after performing rectification or the like as necessary. Also, the DC power sent from the solar power generation device 32 is rectified and output.

  A secondary battery 36 is installed in the vicinity of the bidirectional inverter 34 (in this embodiment, a veranda) so that the DC power sent from the bidirectional inverter 34 can be stored (charged).

  Further, a DC-AC inverter 38 is installed in the building 12. The DC-AC inverter 38 converts the DC power sent from the secondary battery 36 into AC power (the voltage and frequency may be adjusted as necessary). This AC power is sent to the power load 22 having a large capacity through the AC supply route 30.

  The building 12 is provided with a connecting portion 40 for an automobile, and it is possible to supply DC power from the secondary battery 36 to the automobile 42 (not shown in FIG. 1) through the DC supply route 44. The automobile 42 is an automobile having a large capacity secondary battery inside, such as a hybrid car or an electric car, and is a direct current charging member according to the present invention. Moreover, the connection part 40 for motor vehicles is the direct current | flow connection part which concerns on this invention. The DC power can be sent from the automobile 42 to the secondary battery 36 via the second DC supply route 48. Furthermore, direct-current power can be directly sent from the solar power generation device 32 to the automobile 42 through the direct-current supply route 44.

  Further, the solar power generator 32 and the secondary battery 36 can supply DC power to the small-capacity power loads 16 such as the dedicated air conditioning circuit 18 and the LED lighting 20 through the DC supply route 44, respectively. It has become.

  The building 12 according to the present embodiment includes such a power supply system 14. However, as described above, the building 12 is driven by DC power (such as the dedicated air conditioning circuit 18 for the entire building, the LED lighting 20, etc.). Power load 16) having a small capacity and devices driven by AC power (devices connected to the outlet 24, large household appliances 26, or other large power loads 22). In addition, the AC voltage (about 100V) is higher than the DC power (about 12V). In such a case, the selection of the power supply route to each power load (hereinafter referred to as the power load 46 collectively referred to as the power load 46 for the sake of convenience) is performed in advance as follows. When done properly, overall energy consumption can be reduced.

  First, when the design such as the floor plan of the building 12 and other member arrangement progresses, the approximate position of each power load 46 is determined. In addition, a temporary position can be determined as the position of the secondary battery 36. Therefore, the DC power transmission loss a and the cross flow conversion efficiency loss b are compared based on these position data. The DC power transmission loss a is a power transmission loss that occurs in an actual route when DC power is supplied from the solar power generation device 32 to the power load 16 having a small capacity, for example. Further, the cross flow conversion efficiency loss b occurs when AC power is supplied to the power load 46 and DC is converted into AC at any stage (for example, a DC-AC inverter) with the supply loop. Says Ross. Therefore, such a cross flow conversion efficiency loss b does not occur in all the power loads 46. In this case, the power load 46 converts AC to DC by an AC-DC adapter or the like, if necessary.

Here, the following parameters are set.
c: thickness of DC transmission line d: loss coefficient due to thickness of DC transmission line e: DC transmission distance f: loss coefficient due to DC transmission distance g: position of secondary battery h: position of power load i: transmission distance Coefficient to measure

  The “loss factor due to the thickness of the DC transmission line” and the “loss factor due to the DC transmission distance” are considered in consideration of the fact that the electrical resistance changes according to the thickness and distance (length) of the DC transmission line. This is a correction coefficient for obtaining an accurate electric resistance value. The “coefficient for measuring the power transmission distance” is a correction coefficient for obtaining a power transmission distance more accurately in consideration of a buffer or the like in the wiring in the building 12 actually.

At this time, the DC transmission distance e is
e = i (g−h)
It becomes. And DC transmission loss a is a = dc + ef
It becomes. Actually, since the position of the secondary battery or the position of the power load is indicated by three-dimensional coordinates, the distance is calculated from the three-dimensional position in the above calculation.

  The direct current transmission loss a and the cross flow conversion efficiency loss b obtained in this way are compared, and when the direct current power transmission loss a is small (when the direct current power transmission loss a <the orthogonal flow conversion efficiency loss b), it corresponds. A DC supply route 44 is set up to the power load 46. On the other hand, when the DC power transmission loss a is equal to or greater than the cross flow conversion efficiency loss b (when DC power transmission loss a ≧ cross current conversion efficiency loss b), the AC supply route 30 is set up to the corresponding power load 46. To do. In other words, direct current is transmitted when the direct current transmission loss is relatively small, and alternating current is transmitted when the direct current transmission loss is relatively large.

  Then, the calculation and the power supply route are set for each power load 46, and the power loss of the entire building 12 (the sum of the DC power transmission loss a and the cross flow conversion efficiency loss b) is obtained. 1 and 2 show an example of a power supply system in which a power transmission route is set in this way. Accordingly, in FIGS. 1 and 2, DC power is supplied from the solar power generation device 32, the secondary battery 36, or the like to the dedicated circuit 18 or the LED lighting 20, but depending on the above calculation results, AC power is supplied. In some cases, electric power is supplied (converted into direct current in the dedicated circuit 18 or in the LED lighting 20 as necessary).

  Note that the above calculation and power transmission route setting can be easily performed by programming in advance on a computer, for example. Moreover, by changing the position of the power load 46 and the secondary battery 36, the calculation of the power loss of the entire building 12 can be compared before and after the change, and the optimum design can be performed. is there.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, by appropriately supplying power as the entire building 12, the power loss can be further reduced, and the overall energy consumption can be reduced.

  Moreover, in the building 12 (power supply system 14) according to the present embodiment, AC power of commercial power and DC power from the solar power generation device 32 are sent to the bidirectional inverter 34. For this reason, when the power supply capability of any one falls, power supply can be supplemented from the other.

  Furthermore, the building 12 (the power supply system 14) according to the present embodiment includes the secondary battery 36. For example, even if the power supply capacities of both the commercial power and the solar power generation device 32 are reduced at the same time, It is possible to supply power from the secondary battery 36.

  In addition, in the building 12 (power supply system 14) according to the present embodiment, it is also possible to supply DC power from the automobile 42 to the secondary battery 36. Therefore, when the power supply capacity of both the commercial power and the solar power generation device 32 is reduced at the same time and the amount of charge of the secondary battery 36 is reduced, the vehicle 42 receives power supply (with this power). Secondary battery 36 may be charged).

  In addition, although the solar power generation device 32 was mentioned as the DC power supply according to the present invention in the above, for example, a wind power generation device, a home fuel cell, or the like can be used. In addition, the power storage member (secondary battery 36) according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as a necessary power storage amount can be secured, and examples thereof include a nickel-cadmium storage battery, a lithium ion storage battery, and a lead storage battery.

It is a block diagram which shows notionally the electric power supply system applied to the building of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows with the electric power supply system to which the building of one Embodiment of this invention was applied.

Explanation of symbols

12 Building 14 Electric power supply system 16 Electric load with small capacity (power receiving member)
18 Dedicated circuit (power receiving member)
20 LED lighting (power receiving member)
22 Power load with large capacity (power receiving member)
24 Outlet 26 Large household appliances (power receiving member)
28 Distribution board 30 AC supply route 32 Photovoltaic generator (DC power supply)
34 Bidirectional inverter 36 Secondary battery (power storage member)
38 Inverter 40 Automotive connection part 42 Automobile 44 DC supply route 46 Power load 48 Second DC supply route

Claims (5)

DC supply route for supplying power to the power receiving member with direct current when a direct current power transmission loss when transmitting the direct current to the power receiving member receiving power is smaller than the cross-flow conversion efficiency loss for converting the direct current into alternating current When,
An AC supply route for supplying power to the power receiving member in an alternating current when the DC power transmission loss is greater than or equal to the crossflow conversion efficiency loss;
Having a building. A DC power source that is a source of DC power;
A power storage member provided in the DC supply route and capable of storing the DC power;
The building according to claim 1. A DC connection part capable of connecting a DC charging member capable of charging DC power; and
A second DC supply route capable of transmitting DC power from the DC charging member connected to the DC connection portion to the DC supply route;
The building of Claim 1 or Claim 2 which has these. It has an AC connection that can be connected to an AC power supply,
The power is supplied to the power receiving member by alternating current from the alternating-current connection section via the alternating-current supply route when the direct-current power transmission loss is greater than or equal to the cross-flow conversion efficiency loss. Listed in the building. Compared with the direct current transmission loss when transmitting the direct current to the power receiving member that receives the power, the cross flow conversion efficiency loss that converts the direct current into alternating current,
When the DC transmission loss is smaller than the cross flow conversion efficiency loss, select a DC supply route for supplying power to the power receiving member with DC,
A power supply route selection method for selecting an AC supply route for supplying power to the power receiving member by alternating current when the direct current power transmission loss is equal to or greater than the crossflow conversion efficiency loss.

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