JP2010064073A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to efficiently sterilize a portion in contact with a sample in a state where a rotor is incorporated.
[Solution]
A centrifuge that supplies a sample from the sample line into the rotor of the rotator unit 10, centrifuges the sample by rotationally driving the rotor in the rotor chamber, and discharges the centrifuged sample from the rotor through the sample line In FIG. 2, a vacuum pump for reducing the pressure in the rotor chamber is provided, and when flowing the sterilization steam through the rotor, the pressure in the rotor chamber is reduced by the vacuum pump.
[Selection] Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a centrifuge for centrifuging a sample in a rotor that rotates at a high speed in the rotor chamber.

  A conventional example of this type of centrifuge is shown in FIGS.

  That is, FIG. 14 is a front view of a conventional centrifuge, FIG. 15 is a side view showing the operation of attaching and detaching the rotor in the centrifuge, and the centrifuge 1 ′ in the illustrated example is as shown in FIG. The rotating device unit 10 includes a sample injection device 100 ′ and a control device unit 200 arranged on both sides thereof.

  The rotating device section 10 includes a cylindrical chamber 12 on a base 11 fixed by a plurality of bolts 3 on the floor 2, and a cylindrical rotor shown in FIG. 13 is rotatably inserted and set. An upper rotating shaft 14 and a lower rotating shaft 15 extend vertically from the upper and lower sides of the rotor 13, and the upper rotating shaft 14 is connected to a drive unit 30 installed on a disc-shaped upper plate 16. Yes. The lower rotating shaft 15 is rotatably supported by a lower bearing portion 50 fixed to the base 11. The drive unit 30 is provided with an electric motor (not shown) as a drive source, and the upper rotary shaft 14 is inserted and fixed in the output shaft (motor shaft) of the electric motor. 14 and the lower rotary shaft 15 are provided with a circular hole passage (not shown) through which a sample passes.

  In addition, a pair of left and right vertical lifts 70 that can be moved up and down by hydraulic pressure are erected vertically on the back side of the chamber 12 (left side in FIG. 15), and between the vertical lifts 70. A pair of left and right horizontal lifts 80 are mounted horizontally. Here, the horizontal lift 80 is moved back and forth in the horizontal direction by hydraulic pressure, and the tip thereof is connected to the upper plate 16.

  The sample injection apparatus 100 ′ includes a frame body 101 that can move on the floor surface 2. A sample tank 102 that contains a sample is installed in the frame body 101, and a liquid tank is disposed above the frame body 101. A feed pump 103 is disposed, and a switching valve 104 and a flow meter 105 are installed above the feed pump 103. A pipe 106 extending upward from the sample tank 102 is connected to the suction side of the liquid feed pump 103, and a pipe 107 extending from the discharge side of the liquid feed pump 103 is connected to the lower bearing portion 50 of the rotating device section 10. Is connected to a sample injection connector 17 connected to. A pipe 108 extends from the sample discharge connector 18 connected to the upper end of the drive unit 30 toward the sample injection device 100 ', and an end thereof is inserted into a sample discharge tank (not shown).

  Further, the control unit 200 is configured by installing a control panel 202 on an upper part of a rectangular box-shaped case 201. Although not shown, the case 201 cools a drive unit power supply, cooling water, and the rotor 13. A refrigerator for vacuuming, a vacuum pump for evacuating a rotor chamber (not shown) in the chamber 12, an oil pump for supplying oil to each part of the rotating device unit 10, the vertical lift 70 and the horizontal lift 80 A hydraulic unit or the like for driving is incorporated. The control panel 202 can set and display the rotational speed, operating time, temperature, and the like of the rotor 13, and is provided with a switch for starting and stopping the apparatus.

  Thus, in the centrifuge 1 ′ having the above configuration, the sample in the sample tank 102 is passed through the pipes 106 and 107 by the liquid feed pump 103 of the sample injection device 100 ′, and the sample injection connector 17 of the rotating device unit 10. Is injected into the rotor 13. The sample injected into the rotor 13 is centrifuged by rotating the rotor 13 at a high speed, and the centrifuged sample (supernatant liquid or the like) is discharged from the sample discharge connector 18 through the pipe 108 as a discharge liquid. The sample (separated sample) containing particles discharged into the illustrated sample discharge tank and settled in the rotor 13 is separated from the lower portion of the rotor 13 by opening the rotor 13 to the atmosphere after the rotation of the rotor 13 is stopped. The sample is discharged from the side to a sample collection tank (not shown) and collected.

  By the way, after the sample is centrifuged as described above, the rotor 13 is taken out of the chamber 12 and washed, or sterilized as necessary, and then the rotor 13 is incorporated into the chamber 12. However, since the rotor 13 is heavy, the attachment / detachment thereof is performed as follows by the vertical lift 70 and the horizontal lift 80 operated by hydraulic pressure.

  That is, when the vertical lift 70 is driven by hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic unit (not shown) of the control unit 200, the horizontal lift 80 and the upper plate 16 attached to the tip end of the vertical lift 70 together with the drive unit 30 and the rotor 13 are raised. It moves to the position shown by the chain line in FIG. Then, when the horizontal lift 80 is driven forward by hydraulic pressure from that position, the upper plate 16 supported at the tip thereof advances together with the drive unit 30 and the rotor 13 to the retracted position indicated by the chain line in FIG. This removes the rotor 13 from the chamber 12. The rotor 13 taken out from the chamber 12 is washed or further sterilized, and then incorporated into the chamber 12 by the reverse procedure to the above and again subjected to centrifugation. The attachment / detachment of the rotor 13 by the hydraulic unit is described in Patent Document 1, and the sterilization process using steam is described in Patent Document 2.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-024551 JP 2000-042449 A

  By the way, when the sample to be centrifuged is, for example, influenza virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, etc., care must be taken in handling such that it is not contaminated by contamination with other viruses, bacteria, or impurities. I must.

  However, in the conventional centrifugal separator 1 ′ shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the rotor 13 is taken out from the chamber 12, disassembled and sterilized, and then the sterilized rotor 13 is reassembled and the chamber 12 is assembled. Since it is necessary to connect the pipe 108 to the rotor 13 after being assembled in the inside, bacteria floating in the atmosphere at the time of the operation are mixed into the sample path (hereinafter referred to as “sample line”). There is a possibility, and since sterilization in the state where the rotor 13 is incorporated is impossible, it is difficult to perform the centrifugation of the sample while maintaining the sterility.

  In addition, the sample injection device 100 ′ is also disassembled, the parts forming the sample line are sterilized and then assembled and connected to the rotating device 30. Therefore, it is very difficult to maintain the aseptic condition completely. there were.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the process is to sterilize at least the part in contact with the sample with the rotor incorporated, thereby centrifuging the sample under completely aseptic conditions. It is to provide a centrifuge that can be realized.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a centrifugal separator having a rotor, a drive unit for rotating the rotor, a rotor chamber in which the rotor is disposed, and a vacuum pump for decompressing the rotor chamber. One feature of the machine is that the sterilization steam is allowed to flow through the rotor and the rotor chamber in which the rotor is disposed is decompressed by the vacuum pump when the steam is allowed to flow.

  Another feature of the present invention is that it includes means for supplying oil to the seal portion and the bearing portion when steam flows through the rotor.

  According to the present invention, by keeping the rotor chamber in a vacuum state, the rotor chamber forms a heat insulation layer to reduce heat transfer, so that the rotor is heated early by the steam and the sterilization treatment for the rotor is efficient. As a result, the chamber does not become hot and is safe.

  Further, by supplying oil to the seal part and the bearing part, it is possible to reliably prevent the leakage of steam from these parts and the intrusion of the atmosphere by the sealing effect of the oil, and to sterilize surely.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the sterilization apparatus flows a sterilization fluid such as steam to an existing sample line and sterilizes at least a portion in contact with the sample in a state where the rotor is incorporated in the rotating device section. Centrifugation of the sample under completely aseptic conditions can be realized.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the sterilizing fluid is also passed through the cooling water line for supplying the cooling water to the rotating device section so that the cooling water line is also sterilized. Is reliably prevented, and the sample can be centrifuged under more complete aseptic conditions.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to circulate expensive distilled water or the like used as cooling water in a closed loop for cooling, so that the amount of cooling water used can be reduced and the operating cost can be reduced. it can.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, at least a site where the sample comes into contact is surely sterilized with steam or a chemical solution, and contamination of the sample with bacteria is reliably prevented.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the line to be treated is pressurized with air after sterilization, so that the entry of the atmosphere into the line to be treated is prevented and the bacteria floating in the atmosphere are mixed into the line to be treated. Is reliably prevented.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, as a post-treatment of the sterilization process, for example, the rotor heated to high temperature by being cooled by steam is cooled by the cooling water, so that the subsequent centrifugation of the sample can be performed quickly. It can be carried out.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the air line and the cooling water line are air blown as the pretreatment of the separated sample collecting step for collecting the centrifuged sample, so that the air is cooled when the separated sample is collected. The rotor passes smoothly through the water line, the interior of the rotor is surely released to the atmosphere, and the separated sample remaining in the rotor is discharged out of the rotor by its own weight and collected.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, after the centrifuged sample is collected, the sample line and the cooling water line can be washed with distilled water in a state where the rotor is assembled, and the rotor and the piping are used for washing. It is not necessary to disassemble or remove such as.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, since the sterilization apparatus is configured independently of the rotation device unit and the control device unit, the sterilization device, the rotation device unit, and the control device unit can be arbitrarily set according to the room in which the centrifuge is installed. The sterilizer can be used later in combination with the existing rotating device unit and the control device unit as needed.

It is a front view of the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which fractures | ruptures and shows a part of rotation apparatus part of the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the drive part of the rotation apparatus part of the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the lower bearing part of the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a piping diagram of the steam sterilizer of the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a piping diagram which shows the flow of the vapor | steam in the steam sterilization process in the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a piping diagram which shows the flow of the air and cooling water in the air blow and rotor cooling process in the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a piping diagram which shows the flow of the sample and cooling water in the centrifugation process in the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a piping diagram which shows the flow of the air in the air blow process in the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a piping diagram which shows the separated sample and the flow of air in the separated sample collection process in the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a piping diagram which shows the flow of the distilled water in the washing | cleaning process in the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a piping diagram which shows the flow of the sample and cooling water in the centrifugation process in the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a piping diagram which shows the flow of the vapor | steam in the steam sterilization process in the centrifuge which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a front view of the conventional centrifuge. It is a side view which shows the attachment or detachment operation | work of the rotor in the conventional centrifuge.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the control unit that controls the sterilization apparatus can receive various signals from the control apparatus unit and appropriately control the sterilization apparatus based on the signals.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front view of a centrifuge according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  First, the overall configuration of the centrifuge 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The centrifuge 1 according to the present invention is a sample of the conventional centrifuge 1 ′ shown in FIGS. 14 and 15. Except for incorporating the sterilization means into the injection apparatus 100 ′ to make the steam sterilization apparatus 100, the configuration is the same as that of the conventional centrifugal separator 1 ′, and therefore, in FIG. 1, the same elements as those shown in FIGS. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

  A steam sterilization apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 is configured independently of a rotation device unit 10 and a control device unit 200 that controls the rotation device unit 10, and in addition to various pipes (see FIG. 5) described later, FIG. The liquid feed pump 103 shown in FIG. 5 (see FIG. 5) and a control unit (not shown) are incorporated, and a steam connection port 109, a distilled water connection port 110, and an air connection port 111 are erected on the upper part thereof. ing.

  An operation panel 112 is provided at the upper front of the steam sterilization apparatus 100, and an operator can set various operations using the operation panel 112. A control unit of the steam sterilization apparatus 100 is operated from the operation panel 112. The air drive valve and electric valve are controlled according to the input settings (conditions). In FIG. 1, reference numeral 102 denotes a sample tank that accommodates a sample to be centrifuged, and a pipe 106 extending upward from an upper portion thereof is a liquid feed pump incorporated in the steam sterilizer 100. 103 (see FIG. 5) is connected to the suction side, and a pipe 107 led out from the discharge side of the liquid feed pump 103 is connected to a sample injection connector 17 provided at the lower part of the rotating device section 10. A pipe 108 led out from the sample discharge connector 18 provided at the upper part of the drive unit 30 of the rotating device unit 10 is connected to the side of the steam sterilizer 100 and is not shown provided in the steam sterilizer 100. It is inserted in the sample discharge tank.

  Next, details of the configuration of the rotating device unit 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of the rotating device section, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a driving unit of the rotating device section, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lower bearing section of the rotating device section. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the chamber 12 of the rotating device unit 10 has a lower end flange portion attached to the upper portion of the base 11 by a plurality of bolts 19, and a cylindrical rotor 13 at the center of the shaft. It is stored vertically in a rotatable manner. Here, a cylindrical core 20 is concentrically housed inside the rotor 13, and hook-shaped covers 21 and 22 are detachably screwed to upper and lower opening ends of the rotor 13. A hollow upper rotary shaft 14 and a lower rotary shaft 15 are detachably attached to the central portions of the upper and lower covers 21 and 22 by rotor nuts 23 and 24, respectively. The shaft 15 extends vertically upward and vertically downward, the upper rotating shaft 14 is connected to the drive unit 30 as described later, and the lower rotating shaft 15 is rotatably supported by the lower bearing portion 50.

  By the way, a disc-shaped upper plate 16 is detachably attached to the upper end opening of the chamber 12, and a rotor chamber S sealed by a case 25 for accommodating the rotor 13 is formed in the chamber 12. A cylindrical protector 26 is concentrically disposed on the outer peripheral side of the case 25. A cooling coil 27 as an evaporation pipe is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the case 25, and the rotor chamber S is cooled by removing latent heat by evaporation of the refrigerant flowing through the cooling coil 27. Further, a drain hole 28 penetrating the upper wall of the base 11 is opened at the bottom of the rotor chamber S, and a connector 29 is connected to the drain hole 28. Further, the rotor chamber S is connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) provided in the control device section 200 shown in FIG. The cooling coil 27 is supplied with a refrigerant from a rotor cooling refrigerator (not shown) provided in the control unit 200, and this refrigerant circulates in a closed-loop refrigerant pipe including the cooling coil 27 to perform a cooling action. repeat.

  On the upper case 16, a drive unit 30 for rotationally driving the rotor 13 at high speed is installed. Details of the configuration of the drive unit 30 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The drive unit 30 has an electric motor 31 as a drive source. A hollow output shaft 32 of the electric motor 31 is arranged vertically, and the upper and lower sides thereof are rotatably supported by a pair of ball bearings 33. Yes. Here, the electric motor 31 is configured by fixing a stator 35 around a rotor 34 that rotates together with the output shaft 32, and a cooling water jacket 36a is formed in a motor housing 36 that houses these. . Therefore, the electric motor 31 is cooled by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water jacket 36a, and the heat generation thereof is suppressed. The cooling water is supplied from a refrigerator (not shown) provided in the control unit 200.

  The upper rotary shaft 14 is inserted and fixed to the output shaft 32 of the electric motor 31, and the lower end portion of the upper rotary shaft 14 extending downward from the output shaft 32 is rotated by a pair of upper and lower slide bearings 37. It is supported freely. A cylindrical shaft head 38 is screwed to the upper end portion of the upper rotating shaft 14 protruding upward from the output shaft 32. The upper end portion of the shaft head 38 is made of heat-resistant low-sliding plastic. It abuts on the constructed mechanical seal 39. The outer peripheral surface of the shaft head 38 is sealed by a pair of upper and lower lip seals 40, and these lip seals 40 are lubricated by oil supplied from an oil injection port 41.

  The mechanical seal 39 is held so as to move up and down by a seal holder 43 that is held by a seal connector 42 so as to be slidable up and down, and both are urged downward by a spring 44. Is in contact with the upper end of the shaft head 38 at a predetermined pressure. The mechanical seal 39 is cooled by the cooling water supplied from the cooling water inlet 45, and the cooling water whose temperature has been increased due to cooling is discharged from the cooling water outlet 46.

  By the way, oil is supplied to the ball bearing 33 and the sliding bearing 37 in addition to the lip seal 40. These oils are supplied from an oil pump (not shown) provided in the control unit 200, and are closed loop. Is circulated through an oil pipe (not shown) that is used for lubricating each part. Cooling water for cooling the electric motor 31 and the lip seal 40 is supplied from a refrigerator (not shown) provided in the control unit 200 to be used for cooling each part.

  A sample discharge connector 18 is attached to the center of the upper portion of the seal connector 42, and the pipe 108 shown in FIG.

  Thus, at the center of the shaft of the drive unit 30 configured as described above, there is a circle penetrating the center of each of the seal connector 42, the seal holder 43, the mechanical seal 39, the shaft head 38, and the upper rotary shaft 14. A sample line (a part of the line d shown in FIG. 5) is formed in the vertical direction by the hole-shaped passages 42a, 43a, 39a, 38a, and 14a, and the lower end of the sample line communicates with the upper portion in the rotor 13. The upper end is connected to the pipe 108 (see FIG. 1) via the sample discharge connector 18.

  Next, the detail of the structure of the said lower bearing part 50 is demonstrated based on FIG.

  The lower bearing portion 50 rotatably supports the lower rotary shaft 15. The lower rotary shaft 15 is rotatably supported by a slide bearing 51, and a shaft head 52 screwed to the lower end portion thereof. Is in contact with a mechanical seal 53 made of low-sliding plastic having heat resistance. The outer peripheral surface of the shaft head 52 is sealed by a pair of upper and lower lip seals 54, and these lip seals 54 are lubricated by oil supplied from an oil injection port 55. The sliding bearing 51 is cooled by the cooling water supplied from the cooling water inlet 56 and is lubricated by the oil supplied from the oil inlet 57. The cooling water is supplied from a refrigerator (not shown) provided in the control unit 200.

  The mechanical seal 53 is held so as to move up and down by a seal holder 59 that is held by a seal connector 58 so as to be slidable up and down, and both are biased upward by a spring 60. The shaft head 52 is in contact with the lower end of the shaft head 52 with a predetermined pressure. The mechanical seal 53 is cooled by the cooling water supplied from the cooling water inlet 61, and the cooling water whose temperature has been increased due to cooling is discharged from the cooling water outlet 62.

  By the way, the oil supplied to the lip seal 54 and the slide bearing 51 is supplied from an oil pump (not shown) provided in the control unit 200 and is circulated through an oil pipe constituting a closed loop to lubricate each part. Provided. Further, the cooling water for cooling the lip seal 54 is supplied from a refrigerator (not shown) provided in the control unit 200 to be used for cooling the lip seal 54.

  A sample injection connector 17 is attached to the center of the lower portion of the seal connector 58, and the pipe 107 shown in FIG.

  Thus, the shaft center of the lower bearing portion 50 configured as described above is provided through the center portions of the seal connector 58, the seal holder 59, the mechanical seal 53, the shaft head 52, and the lower rotary shaft 15. A sample line (part of the line d shown in FIG. 5) is formed in the vertical direction by the circular passages 58a, 59a, 53a, 52a, 15a, and the upper end of the sample line is formed at the lower part in the rotor 13. The lower end is connected to the pipe 107 (see FIG. 1) via the sample injection connector 17.

  Next, the piping configuration of the steam sterilizer 100 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a piping diagram of the steam sterilization apparatus 100. The piping of the steam sterilization apparatus 100 includes an existing sample line, a cooling water line, and an air line.

  That is, in FIG. 5, the sample line includes a line a (pipe 106 shown in FIG. 1) from the sample tank 102 to the liquid feed pump 103, a line b from the liquid feed pump 103 through the valve VD6 to the flow meter FM, A line c extending from the flow meter FM to the lower part of the chamber 12 of the rotating device part 10 through the valves VD8 and VD17, a line d formed in the chamber 12, and a valve VD15, pressure gauge PI3, and valve VD9 from the upper part of the driving part 30. And line e leading to a sample discharge tank (DRAIN2) (not shown) via VD14, and line f branching from the downstream side of the valve VD17 of the line c to a sample recovery tank (FRACTION) not shown via the valve VD18 It is comprised including. The lines c and e are connected by lines g and h with the valves VD8 and VD9 interposed therebetween, and valves VD7 and VD10 are provided on the lines g and h, respectively.

  The cooling water line is a line for flowing cooling water such as distilled water (for example, ultrapure water (UFW)) from a distillation facility (not shown), and from the distillation facility through a valve VD2, a pressure gauge PI2, and a valve VD16. A line i extending from the connecting portion 47 to the driving portion 30, a line k extending from the driving portion 30 to the lower bearing portion 50, and a valve VD19, VB5 (from the lower bearing portion 50 to the valves VD19, VB5 ( Or VN3), thermometer TICA, valve VB4 (or steam trap ST4), sight glass SG, and line L leading to sewage (DRAIN) through check valve VS4. In this embodiment, distilled water at 4 ° C. is used as the cooling water.

  Further, the air line is a line through which blow and valve driving air flows from a compressed air supply facility such as an air compressor (not shown), and a pressure gauge PI1, valves VBM2, VC1, VBM3 from the compressed air supply facility (not shown). And the line m reaching the filter F1 via VB1, the line n connected from the filter F1 to the line L via the valve VD4, the steam trap ST3 and the check valve VS3, and the upstream side of the valve VBM2 of the line m. It is configured to include a line o that branches and reaches the filter F2 via the valve VBM1 and a line p that is derived from the filter F2.

  Thus, the steam sterilization apparatus 100 according to this embodiment adds a line for flowing steam (pure steam (PS)) as a sterilization fluid to the sample line, the cooling water line, and the air line described above. The piping configuration is adopted.

  That is, a line q extending from a steam generator (not shown) such as a boiler is connected between the valve VD2 of the line i and the pressure gauge PI2, and valves VDC1 and VD1 are provided in the middle. A line r branched from the middle of the line q is connected to the line L via a steam trap ST1 and a check valve VS1, and the line s is branched from the valve VB1 and the filter F1 of the line m. One end of s is opened to the atmosphere, and the other end is connected to the line L via a valve VB2, a thermometer TIA, a steam trap ST2, and a check valve VS2.

  Further, a line t branched from the valve VD2 of the line i and the pressure gauge PI2 is connected between the filter F1 and the valve VD4 of the line n via the valve VD3, and the valve VD1 and the pressure gauge PI2 of the line q are connected. The line u branched from between the pressure pump PI2 and the valve VD16 on line i is connected to the valve VD11 via the valve VD5 and connected between the liquid feed pump 103 on the line b and the valve VD6. Then, the line b is connected between the flow meter FM and the valve VD8.

  A line w branched from the valve VD6 on the line b and the flow meter FM is connected to the line L via valves VB8 and VN2, and a line x branched from the valves VD8 and VD17 on the line c is valved. The line y is connected to the line L via the VD12, and the line y branched from between the valves VD9 and VD13 of the line e is connected to the line L via the valves VD14 and VB6.

  In the above, the valves VBM1 to VBM3 are manual ball valves, the valves VB1 to VB7 are air driven ball valves, the valve VDM1 is a manual diaphragm valve, the valves VD1 to VD19 are air driven diaphragm valves, the valve VDC1 is a diaphragm control valve, and a valve VC1. , VC2 are pressure reducing valves, and valves VN1 to VN3 are needle valves.

Next, a series of operations of centrifugal separation by the centrifugal separator 1 according to the present invention will be described in the order of steps according to FIGS. 6 to 11. The operations are as follows: 1) steam sterilization step, 2) air blow and rotor cooling step, 3) A centrifugal separation process, 4) an air blowing process, 5) a separated sample recovery process, and 6) a washing process are sequentially performed. 6 to 11 are piping diagrams similar to those in FIG. 5 showing the flow of various fluids (steam, cooling water, and air) in each process. In these drawings, the same elements as those in FIG. Are given the same reference numerals.
1) Steam sterilization process:
In this steam sterilization process, after the previous centrifugation operation is completed, the rotor 13 is taken out of the chamber 12 and disassembled, cleaned and sterilized, and the rotor 13 subjected to these processes is assembled and incorporated in the chamber 12. The process is performed after the pipe 107 is connected to the sample injection connector 17 of the lower bearing section 50 and the pipe 108 is connected to the sample discharge connector 18 of the drive section 30. In this process, high-temperature steam (PS) is used. Is flowed through a path indicated by an arrow in FIG. Here, the steam temperature in the pipe is measured by the thermometer TICA, and the valve VDC1 is controlled so that the temperature is in the range of 121 ° C. to 130 ° C., and the flow rate of steam flowing in the pipe and the pressure in the pipe are adjusted. By controlling, the steam temperature in the pipe is controlled. Thereby, at least the site | part which a sample contacts is sterilized with steam.

  That is, steam supplied from steam generating equipment such as a boiler flows through the line q, and a part thereof flows through the lines t, n, m, and s to sterilize them. And the water droplet cooled and liquefied in the middle is discharged | emitted from steam trap ST2, ST3.

  Other steam flows to the line i side which is the cooling water line, and a part thereof flows to the line u side which is the sample line side. A part of the steam flowing to the line u side is branched by the line e through the lines b and g, and the chamber from the sample discharge connector 18 provided at the upper portion of the chamber 12 as shown by an arrow in the figure. 12 flows through the line d formed in the line 12, and reaches the line L through the lines c and x. On the other hand, a part of the steam branched at line e merges with the steam flowing through line c via line h, and the remaining part branches to the valve VD13 side of line e and line y to reach line L. A part of the steam flowing through the line b reaches the line L through the line w. The reason why the valve VN2 is arranged in the line w is to restrict the flow rate of the steam flowing through the line w having a small resistance so that the steam flows to the lines c, e, d, k side. In the line L, the water droplets of the steam cooled and liquefied in the middle are discharged into sewage (DRAIN) through the steam trap ST4 and the check valve VS4.

  On the other hand, a part of the steam flowing from the line q to the line i side merges with the steam flowing through the line b via the line v, and the other steam passes the lines j and k which are cooling water lines in the direction indicated by the arrows. Flow to line L. And the water droplet cooled and liquefied in the middle is discharged | emitted to steam trap ST4. The reason why the valve VN3 is arranged in the line L is that the flow rate of the steam flowing through the lines e and k having a low resistance is reduced as described above so that the steam flows to the lines c and d side.

  By the way, the above-described sterilization process is performed in a state where the inside of the rotor chamber S in the chamber 12 is kept in a vacuum state by driving a vacuum pump (not shown) provided in the control unit 200. When the inside of the rotor chamber S is maintained in a vacuum state in this way, the rotor chamber S forms a heat insulating layer to reduce heat transfer, so that the rotor 13 is heated early by steam, and the sterilization process for the rotor 13 is performed. It is efficient and safe without the chamber 12 becoming hot. Further, since the shaft heads 38 and 52 and the lip seals 40 and 54 are in close contact with each other, an effect of reliably preventing the invasion of steam can be obtained.

During the sterilization process, oil is supplied to the lip seals 40 and 54, the ball bearing 33, and the slide bearings 37 and 51 of the drive unit 30 shown in FIG. The oil flows into the lip seals 40 and 54, thereby bringing the shaft heads 38 and 52 and the lip seals 40 and 54 into close contact with each other, and preventing the lip portions of the lip seals 40 and 54 from being deformed by the vapor pressure to prevent the invasion of steam. It is out. As a result, the leakage of steam from these components and the intrusion of the atmosphere can be reliably prevented by the sealing effect by the oil, and the sterilization can be ensured. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the ball bearing 33, the electric motor 31, the slide bearings 37, 51, and the like from being rusted (corroded) by steam moisture.
2) Air blow and rotor cooling process:
When the steam sterilization process is completed, the process proceeds to the next air blow and rotor cooling process. In this process, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 7, the compressed air is filtered from the compressed air supply equipment such as an air compressor through the line m. Since the filter F1 is flown to F1, the filter F1 is dried by air, and the air used for drying the filter F1 flows in the direction of the arrow in the line n and passes from the steam trap ST3 through the check valve VS3 to sewage (DRAIN). To be discharged.

  In addition, cooling water from a distillation facility (not shown) flows in a line i, which is a cooling water line, in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and then flows from line i to line v, which is a sample line. Then, the cooling water flowing into the line v cools the rotor 13 from the inside in the process of flowing upward through the line d in the chamber 12 through the line c, and then flows into the line L through the line e. And discharged into sewage (DRAIN). Thereafter, the valve VD2 is closed and the valve VD3 is opened, and air is blown to remove moisture in the steam pipe and dry it.

  Thus, if the rotor 13 heated by steam in the steam sterilization process as the previous process is cooled with cooling water, the sample can be quickly centrifuged in the next centrifugation process. it can.

  When the centrifugal sterilization process is not performed immediately after the steam sterilization process, the air blow, and the rotor cooling process are completed, the sample line and the cooling line are cooled by compressed air supplied from compressed air supply equipment such as an air compressor. The water line is maintained in a state of being pressurized to a predetermined pressure (0.1 MPa in the present embodiment) by compressed air, thereby preventing air from entering the processing line. As a result, entry of bacteria floating in the atmosphere into the processing line is reliably prevented.

  By the way, a control unit (not shown) provided in the steam sterilization apparatus 100 and the control apparatus unit 200 can perform two-way communication, and the control unit is based on a signal from the control device unit 200. To control the operation. For example, in order to confirm the presence or absence of oil flowing through the lip seal 40 of the drive unit 30 during the steam sterilization process, the control unit detects a signal from a sensor that detects a supply current (or supply voltage) to a motor that drives the oil pump, or A signal from a flow meter arranged in the oil line is received, or a signal from a sensor for detecting a vacuum state (depressurized state) in the chamber 12 is received, and the operation of the steam sterilizer 100 is controlled based on these signals. To do.

  Further, the control unit of the steam sterilization apparatus 100 indicates the operation state such as the open / close state of the valve of the steam sterilization apparatus 100, the temperature in the pipe, the flow rate of cooling water, compressed air, and steam. A signal can be transmitted, and the control unit and the control device unit 200 can always check the operation states of the steam sterilization device 100 and the rotation device unit 10 with each other. Are provided with output terminals for transmitting and receiving signals.

In addition, by incorporating the control unit of the steam sterilizer 100 in the control device unit 200, the operating states of the steam sterilizer 100 and the rotating device unit 10 can be constantly confirmed with each other. The device can be made safer and more reliable.
3) Centrifugation step:
When the sterilization process is performed on at least the part in contact with the sample by the steam sterilization process, the filter F1 is dried by the air blow and rotor cooling process, and the rotor 13 heated by the steam is cooled, the sample is centrifuged in the centrifugation process. Is centrifuged.

  Prior to centrifugation, the line u is switched to the line on the liquid feed pump 103 side in front of the valve VD6. Similarly, the line y is switched to the line on the sample discharge tank (DRAIN2) side (not shown) after the valve VD14.

  In the centrifugation step, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 8, the solutions are sucked from the line a by the liquid feed pump 103 in order from the lowest density from a plurality of tanks (not shown) containing solutions having different densities. After being boosted, it is discharged to the line b. Then, the solution discharged to the line b is supplied from the lower part into the chamber 12 from the line c, and the seal connector 58, the seal holder 59, the mechanical seal 53, the shaft head 52 and the lower part of the lower bearing portion 50 shown in FIG. 2 is supplied to the inside of the rotor 13 shown in FIG. 2 through the passages 58a, 59a, 53a, 52a and 15a formed in the rotary shaft 15. When the density gradient solution is filled in the rotor 13, the electric motor 31 of the driving unit 30 shown in FIG. 3 is driven, and the rotation is transmitted to the rotor 13 through the output shaft 32 and the upper rotating shaft 14. Therefore, the rotor 13 is rotationally driven at a high speed (for example, 40,000 rpm) in the rotor chamber S in a vacuum state. Thereafter, the sample in the sample tank 102 is supplied into the rotor 13 from the sample injection connector 17 at the lower part of the chamber 12 by the liquid feed pump 103, and the supernatant is recovered from the sample discharge connector 18 at the upper part of the chamber 12. Centrifugation is performed. The sample may be supplied from the connector 18 at the upper part of the chamber 12 and the supernatant may be collected from the connector 17 at the lower part of the chamber 12. In this embodiment, the liquid feed pump 103 sucks the sample in the sample tank 102. However, the liquid feed pump 103 is omitted, and compressed air is supplied into the sample tank 102 so that the sample is compressed air. You may employ | adopt the structure pumped by a pressure.

  When the rotor 13 is rotating, the rotor chamber S is in a vacuum state, so that the air resistance of the rotor 13 is kept low so that the rotor 13 can be rotated at a high speed. Fever is kept low. The rotor chamber S is cooled by evaporation of the refrigerant flowing through the cooling coil 27 wound around the outer peripheral surface of the case 25, and is subjected to a centrifugal separation process while the sample is cooled.

  At the same time, the cooling water flows from the distillation equipment (not shown) through the lines i and j constituting the cooling water line. First, after cooling the mechanical seal 39 of the drive unit 30 shown in FIG. The mechanical seal 53 shown in FIG. 4 is cooled by being supplied to the lower bearing portion 50. Then, the cooling water whose temperature has been increased by cooling each part is discharged through the line L to sewage (DRAIN).

  Thus, as described above, when the rotor 13 rotates at a high speed in the rotor chamber S, the sample filled in the rotor 13 is centrifuged, and the centrifuged sample (supernatant liquid or the like) is discharged as a discharged sample. The sample 18 is discharged from the connector 18 through the pipe 108 to a sample discharge tank (not shown), and the separated particles settle in the rotor 13.

By the way, in the steam sterilization step, with the rotor 13 incorporated in the chamber 12 and the pipe 108 connected to the sample discharge connector 18, steam is passed through the sample line and the cooling water line by the steam sterilizer 100 to sterilize these lines. Since it was processed, the sample can be centrifuged under aseptic conditions. In particular, since the steam is also sterilized by flowing the steam to the cooling water line, it is possible to reliably prevent the bacteria contained in the cooling water from being mixed into the sample, and under more complete aseptic conditions. Centrifugation of the sample is realized.
4) Air blow process:
When the sample is centrifuged by the above-described centrifugation step, the rotation of the rotor 13 and the flow of the cooling water are stopped, and the air from the air supply equipment such as a compressor is supplied to the line m, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. It flows to the cooling water lines i, j, k, and L through t, and air blows these lines m, t, and i to L.

In addition, this air blow process is a process implemented in order to remove the cooling water and water | moisture content which remain in piping prior to this next separated sample collection process.
5) Separated sample recovery process:
When the air blowing process is completed, the process proceeds to a separated sample collecting process. In this separated sample collecting process, the valve VB17 is closed, and the valve VB2 is opened with the valves VD3, VD11, VD7, VD15, and VD18 being opened. Then, the atmosphere flows along the lines m, t, i, v, g, and e in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 10, and the interior of the rotor 13 in the chamber 12 is opened to the atmosphere. The sample (separated sample) containing the settled particles is discharged from the connector 17 at the lower part of the chamber 12 through a part of the line c and the line f to a sample collection tank (not shown) and collected by its own weight.

By the way, in this embodiment, since m, t, i to L were blown in the air blowing process, which is the previous process of the separated sample collecting process, the atmosphere was air line and cooling water line (lines m, t, i, v, g, and e) are smoothly passed to reliably open the interior of the rotor 13. As a result, the separated sample remaining inside the rotor 13 is discharged out of the rotor 13 by its own weight and collected.
6) Cleaning process:
When the separated sample is collected by the separated sample collecting step, the process proceeds to the next washing step, and the sample line and the cooling water line are washed with distilled water.

  Prior to cleaning, the line between the valve VD6 and the liquid feed pump 103 is switched to the line u between the valve VD5 and the valve VD6. Similarly, the line on the side of the sample discharge tank (DRAIN2) (not shown) after the valve VD14 is changed to the line y. Switch.

  In the washing process, as shown by arrows in FIG. 11, a part of distilled water from a distillation facility (not shown) flows from the line i to the line u side which is the sample line side, and the other distilled water is cooled. It flows as it is to the line i side which is a water line. A part of the distilled water flowing to the line u side reaches the line L via the lines b and w, and enters the line L via the lines b, c, x and the lines b, g, h, e, y. Furthermore, the line e formed in the chamber 12 from the line e flows downward, the lines c and x flow in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and reach the line L. A part of the distilled water flowing through the remaining line i merges with the line c via the line v, and flows from the line i through the connecting portion 47 to the line L through the lines j and k in the illustrated arrow direction. Then, the distilled water reaching the line L is discharged to sewage (DRAIN).

  On the other hand, distilled water flowing to the line i side, a part of which merges with distilled water flowing through the line b via the line v, and other distilled water flows in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure through lines j and k which are cooling water lines. , Discharged through line L to sewage (DRAIN).

  Thus, each line is washed with distilled water flowing through the above path, and a series of operations is completed here. After the centrifuged sample (separated sample) is collected, the rotor 13 is incorporated into the chamber 12. In this state, the sample line and the cooling water line can be washed with distilled water.

In the series of steps described above, in the piping through which steam, cooling water, and compressed air flow, valves provided in these are opened and all other valves are closed.
<Embodiment 2>
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The present embodiment is characterized by adopting a configuration in which cooling water is circulated in a closed loop in the centrifugation step, and the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 12, a line z branched from the line i is connected to the line L, and a closed-loop cooling water line is constituted by these lines i, z, L and lines j, k, and the middle of the line z In addition, a cooling water pump 90 is provided, and a cooling water tank 91 disposed in the sterilization chamber is connected. A cooling coil 92 is wound around the cooling water tank 91. The cooling coil 92 is supplied with a refrigerant supplied from a refrigerator (not shown), and the cooling water flowing through the closed-loop cooling water line is cooled by evaporation of the refrigerant.

  In the steam sterilization process in the case of adopting such a configuration, a line i constituting a cooling water line constituting a closed loop as shown by an arrow in FIG. 13 with the cooling water tank 91 removed from the line z. , Z, J, k, and L, these lines i, z, and j to L can be sterilized in the same manner as the other lines. Then, after the sterilization process is completed, as shown in FIG. 12, the cooling water tank 91 may be connected to the line z in the aseptic room and the centrifugation step may be performed.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the cooling water, which is expensive distilled water, can be circulated in the closed loop without being discharged out of the system, so that the amount of cooling water used is reduced. The operating cost of the apparatus can be kept low.

  By the way, in the above embodiment, since the steam sterilization apparatus 100 was comprised independently of the rotation apparatus part 10 and the control apparatus part 200, these steam sterilization apparatuses 100 and rotation apparatus according to the room in which the centrifuge 1 is installed. The unit 10 and the control device unit 200 can be arbitrarily installed, and the steam sterilization device 100 can be used in combination with the rotating device unit 10 and the control device unit 200 later if necessary.

In the above embodiment, high-temperature steam is used as the sterilization fluid, but any other sterilization fluid such as a medicine (caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), ethanol, formalin) can be used.

The present invention is useful for a centrifuge that requires sterilization in order to prevent contamination of a sample with viruses, bacteria, or impurities.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Centrifugal separator 10 Rotating device part 12 Chamber 13 Rotor 14 Upper rotating shaft 15 Lower rotating shaft 17 Sample injection connector 18 Sample discharge connector 20 Core 27 Cooling coil 30 Drive part 31 Electric motor 32 Output shaft 33 Ball bearing 37 Slide bearing 39 Mechanical Seal 40 Lip seal 50 Lower bearing 51 Slide bearing 53 Mechanical seal 54 Lip seal 90 Cooling water pump 91 Cooling water tank 92 Cooling coil (cooling means)
100 Steam sterilizer (sterilizer)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 102 Sample tank 103 Liquid feed pump 106 Piping 107 Piping 108 Piping 109 Steam connection port 110 Distilled water connection port 111 Air connection port 200 Controller part ak line L line mz line S Rotor chamber

Claims (2)

A rotor,
A drive for rotating the rotor;
A rotor chamber in which the rotor is disposed;
In a centrifuge having a vacuum pump for decompressing the rotor chamber,
The centrifuge is characterized in that sterilization steam is caused to flow through the rotor, and when the steam is caused to flow, the rotor chamber in which the rotor is disposed is decompressed by the vacuum pump.   2. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, further comprising means for supplying oil to the seal portion and the bearing portion when the steam flows to the rotor.

Images