JP2010059803A - Temperature difference power generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a temperature difference power generating device that increases a temperature difference of temperature difference power generation, simplifies the entire device structure, and has a high energy efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: By using water which is the most safe and lowest in cost as a medium of the temperature difference power generation, a steam generator is easily heated by high-temperature heat generated by various power generating plants or by collecting solar lights and by a combination of these to make the water into high-temperature and high-pressure steam to generate power by rotating a turbine and a power generator at a high speed. Here, high-temperature steam discharged from the turbine is liquefied by a cooling pipe of a steam condenser, and the liquefied water is cooled to be warm water. The warm water descends in a pipe while being cooled by sea water, and is cooled by a lower temperature sea water using a cooler in deep sea. Water which has become cold water after being cooled is elevated in a pipe covered with a heat insulating material to pass through the cooling pipe of the steam condenser. The cold water is heated to high temperature by absorbing a great amount of heat when cooling the high-temperature steam in the cooling pipe to liquefy the steam, and is fed to the steam generator by a pump while it is still at the high-temperature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a temperature difference power generation device having a simple structure and good energy efficiency.

Ocean temperature difference power generation is well known as temperature difference power generation.
This is because pumping hot seawater near the surface to evaporate various liquids, rotating the turbine to generate electricity, pumping cold seawater in the deep sea with a pump, and cooling the condenser with a heat exchanger , The exhaust from the turbine is cooled and returned to the liquid, and the liquid is pumped and returned to the evaporator. The cycle is considered to be a relatively simple and effective invention. .
However, the disadvantage of this invention is that the temperature difference between the sea surface and the deep sea is only about 20 ° C, so in order to generate a large amount of electricity, it is necessary to pump a large amount of deep sea water. Therefore, energy efficiency is not so good because it consumes a lot of energy.
Even though there are secondary effects such as pumping deep ocean water and raising nutrients in the deep ocean to near the surface of the ocean, generating a large amount of plankton to feed fish, We cannot expect much as efficiency.
Fig. 1 of Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 62-17119

In order to increase the efficiency of temperature difference power generation, some inventions have two stages of turbines, and some inventions seem to be effective at first glance.
In this case, since the structure of the turbine is two-stage, the structure is very complicated and the number of pumps is also increasing. Remain.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-91361

There is also an invention that combines ocean thermal power generation and steam power generation, but in the part of ocean thermal power generation, a considerable amount of energy is consumed for pumping warm seawater and cold seawater, and the water after being used for condensation of cold seawater. Is sent to the condenser of the steam power generation unit, the temperature of the cold seawater is also rising, and the energy used for the cooling pump increases accordingly.
Therefore, the entire apparatus becomes large and complicated, the cost of the entire temperature difference power generation apparatus becomes large, and maintenance is difficult.
Patent Publication No. Sho 62-4528

Compressed air is used for pumping hot seawater, and in order to pump cold seawater, refrigerant such as liquid ethane or ethylene is injected into the deep sea cold and warm seawater in pipes installed in the deep sea with a jet nozzle. These liquids boil and rise with cold seawater, exchange heat with a condenser, collect gases such as ethane and ethylene with a gas-liquid separator, and use a refrigerant compressor to remove these gases into the low-temperature seawater. There is also an invention in which ethane or ethylene is fed into cold water by using a refrigerant condenser, which is sent to a water area, and then made liquid again by an injection nozzle.
In this case, it is difficult to compare the case where a pump is used for pumping hot seawater and the case where an air compressor is used, and the case where pumping cold / hot seawater is used for pumping and boiling of liquids such as ethane and ethylene are used. However, when using liquid boiling, there are concerns about repairs in the event of failure due to some sudden accident because the injection nozzle and refrigerant condenser are in the deep sea. I also care about the complexity of the structure.
Patent Publication No. Sho 62-17119

In temperature difference power generation, the difference in temperature between hot seawater near the sea surface and low temperature seawater in the deep sea is only about 20 ° C, which is fatal in temperature difference power generation.
In order to increase the efficiency of temperature difference power generation, a temperature difference of at least 100 ° C. is considered necessary.
Also, the structure becomes too complex and the number of pumps is also a waste of energy, both of which are not suitable for increasing energy efficiency.

In order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, a case where water is used as a medium and cooled by a pipe using exhaust heat of a power plant will be described.
The steam generator is heated with the exhaust heat of the power plant to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the turbine is rotated at high speed to generate power with the generator.
The high-temperature steam discharged from the turbine is liquefied by cooling with a condenser cooling pipe, and at the same time, is cooled to warm water. The warm water is lowered with seawater using a pipe, and then passed through a cooler at the bottom. Cool to deep water and cool water. The cold water is raised by a pipe covered with a heat insulating material and put into a cooling pipe in a condenser. When the chilled water entering the cooling pipe liquefies the high-temperature steam discharged from the turbine and is cooled at the same time, the chilled water absorbs a large amount of heat and becomes high temperature, and is sent to the steam generator by a pump.

The temperature difference power generation device of the present invention converts water into high-temperature and high-pressure steam using a steam generator, rotates the turbine at high speed to generate power, and liquefies the discharged high-temperature steam using a condenser cooling pipe and cools it at the same time. Use warm water.
The cooling pipe was previously cooled and liquefied with high-temperature water vapor, and cooled to warm water with a pipe, and cooled with a cooler to cover the cold water. Raise the inside of the tube and use it in the cooling pipe.
Therefore, it is not necessary to pump up deep sea water to liquefy and cool the high temperature steam discharged from the turbine. The chilled water in the cooling pipe used for the liquefaction and cooling of the high-temperature steam absorbs a large amount of heat and becomes high temperature before being sent to the steam generator by the pump. It is easy to become water vapor, and since the entire apparatus can be operated with a single pump, it does not require wasteful energy and is energy efficient.

At the same time as the high-temperature steam is liquefied by the condenser, it is cooled to warm water, the warm water is cooled by the deep-sea cooler to cool water, and the cold water is passed through the condenser cooling pipe to The water vapor is liquefied and cooled at the same time. When it cools, it absorbs a large amount of heat and heats it up from cold water to pump it into a steam generator.
In addition, when a cylindrical body is used to cool hot water efficiently, nutrient-rich deep sea water is released near the sea surface as a secondary effect, so a large amount of plankton can be expected. An increase in types and quantities can be expected.

In the first embodiment, a case where power is generated by using water as a medium using exhaust heat of a power plant will be described.
FIG. 1 is a drawing showing the operating principle of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
With the exhaust heat of the power plant, the steam generator 1 is heated to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the turbine 2 and the generator 3 are rotated at high speed to generate power.
At that time, the high-temperature steam discharged from the turbine is passed through a condenser 4, and is cooled and liquefied by 5 cooling pipes therein. It collects in.

The hot water is cooled by seawater while descending in a pipe 7 attached to the lower end of the condenser. Since 11 cylindrical bodies are attached around the 7 pipe, the low temperature seawater is warmed while taking heat of the water in the 7 pipe due to its chimney effect and naturally rises. At that time, the water in the pipe 7 is cooled by the low-temperature seawater rising between the 11 cylindrical body and the pipe 7, so that the temperature drops and falls naturally. The descending water eventually reaches the cooler 8 and is cooled by the cold seawater in the deep sea to become cold water.

The cold water rises in 9 pipes covered with 10 heat insulating materials and enters the 5 cooling pipes while being cooled by the heat insulating effect of 10 heat insulating materials.
In the cooling pipe, when the high-temperature steam from the turbine is liquefied and simultaneously cooled, the cold water absorbs a large amount of heat and becomes high temperature, and is sent to the steam generator by 12 pumps.

With this configuration, the temperature difference power generator of the present invention can efficiently generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the hot water that is cooled simultaneously with the liquefaction of the high-temperature steam discharged from the turbine can be cooled while cooling with seawater. You can go down and cool with a cooler to make cold water.
At this time, at the stage where the hot water entering the pipe is cooled while being lowered, the hot water is efficiently cooled and lowered by the chimney effect of the cylindrical body attached around the hot water. At that time, deep seawater rich in nutrients rises in the tubular body and is released near the sea surface, so a large amount of plankton can be expected.
The cold water produced by the cooler rises through the insulated pipe and enters the cooling pipe. The cold water that has entered the cooling pipe liquefies the high-temperature steam discharged from the turbine, and at the same time absorbs a large amount of heat when it is cooled, and is pumped into the steam generator at a high temperature. This is advantageous for generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam.

Efficient generation of high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor, liquefaction of high-temperature water vapor and cooling at the same time in the deep water of cooling water, liquefaction and cooling of high-temperature water vapor in cold water produced by cooling, liquefaction and cooling of high-temperature water vapor Energy efficiency is very good because a single pump is used to supply the steam generator with hot water that has become hot due to the large amount of heat absorbed in the tank.

In the second embodiment, a case where power is generated by using waste heat of a power plant and water as a medium will be described.
FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the operating principle of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
6 warm water shown in Example 1 is carried to the deep sea through 13 thick pipes,
Cool with 8 cooler. In addition, in the 13 thick pipes, 14 deep ocean water pumping pipes pass, and the upper end of the pipe extends from the ground to the deep ocean water layer.
Around the 13 thick tubes, 15 thick cylindrical bodies are attached. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

With this construction, 6 warm water descends while being cooled with seawater in 13 thick pipes and is cooled by 8 coolers, but in the middle of 14 deep sea water pumping pipes. Cooling efficiency is good because it is cooled by low-temperature deep sea water that passes through. At the same time, deep ocean water also absorbs a lot of heat when the 6 warm water is cooled and becomes light, so it rises easily and pumping efficiency increases. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

The temperature difference power generation apparatus according to the present invention efficiently generates high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and uses seawater and low-temperature seawater in the deep sea to cool hot water that is formed by liquefying and cooling the high-temperature steam discharged from the turbine. .
At this time, since a pipe is used to cool the hot water, no extra energy is required. In addition, a cylindrical body is attached to the pipe, and the cooling efficiency is increased by the chimney effect. At this time, deep sea water rich in nutrients as a by-product is released near the surface, so a large amount of plankton can be expected, contributing to an increase in the type and quantity of fish.
The cold water produced by the deep sea cooler at the bottom of the pipe rises through the pipe covered with heat insulating material and passes through the condenser cooling pipe, where it is used to liquefy and cool the hot steam from the turbine. Is done. Therefore, it is not necessary to pump up deep sea water to cool the high temperature steam discharged from the turbine.
The cold water used there absorbs a large amount of heat during the liquefaction and cooling of the high-temperature steam and becomes a high temperature, and is sent directly to the steam generator by a pump.
This means that the efficiency of generating high-temperature and high-pressure steam by the steam generator is increased, and the energy efficiency of the entire apparatus is also increased.
Further, since water is used as the medium, the cost of the medium is low and its replenishment is easy. In the unlikely event that a U-tube or other tube breaks due to a major earthquake, marine pollution will not occur. Even if a turbine or pump breaks down, there will be no damage to the local residents, and there is no risk of natural destruction and repairs can be made easily.

The temperature difference power generation device of the present invention does not require a very large amount of capital investment and releases the exhaust heat discharged from the power plant to the deep sea by the amount of generated power, as compared to the case where it is directly released to the atmosphere. It can be said that it is friendly to the global environment.
This indicates that the structure is simple and the entire system is operated with a single pump, which means that it is very energy efficient and has few failures.

It is explanatory drawing at the time of using a heat | fever of a power plant, using water for a medium, and attaching a pipe | tube and a cylindrical body around it for cooling of warm water. (Example 1) Using heat from the power plant, using water as the medium, installing a thick pipe and a thick cylindrical body around it to cool the hot water, and passing the deep sea water pumping pipe through the thick pipe It is explanatory drawing of. (Example 2)

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steam generator 2 Turbine 3 Generator 4 Condenser 5 Cooling pipe 6 Hot water 7 The pipe | tube on the side where warm water falls 8 Cooler 9 The pipe | tube on the side where cold water rises 10 Heat insulating material 11 Tubular body 12 Pump 13 Hot water falls Thick pipe 14 on the side to deepen Deep water pumping pipe 15 Thick cylindrical body

Claims (4)

High-temperature exhaust heat from power plants, high-temperature heat obtained by concentrating sunlight, etc., and a combination of the two to heat the steam generator, turning liquids such as water and ammonia water into high-temperature and high-pressure steam Power is generated by rotating the turbine at high speed.
The high-temperature steam discharged from the turbine is applied to the condenser cooling pipe to be converted into liquid and cooled at the same time. The cooled liquid is lowered while being cooled with seawater in the pipe, and cooled by a cooler at the bottom to form a cold liquid. This cold liquid rises through a tube covered with insulation and enters the condenser cooling pipe and is used to liquefy and cool the hot steam exhausted from the turbine. The cold liquid in the cooling pipe used for the liquefaction and cooling of the high-temperature steam becomes a high temperature by absorbing a large amount of heat at this time, and is sent to the steam generator by a pump. . The liquid produced by the liquefaction of high-temperature steam according to claim 1 is cooled,
Furthermore, the temperature difference power generator is characterized in that the pipe to be cooled with seawater is made into a thick pipe, and the deep pipe of the deep sea water that reaches from the ground to the deep sea water is passed through the thick pipe. The liquid produced by the liquefaction of high-temperature steam according to claim 1 is cooled,
Furthermore, a temperature difference power generator characterized in that a tubular body having an upper end slightly below the sea surface and a lower end near the bottom of the pipe is attached around the pipe cooled by seawater. A temperature difference power generation device, wherein a thick cylindrical body having an upper end slightly below the sea surface and a lower end near the bottom of the thick tube is attached around the thick tube according to claim 2.