JP2010058381A - Fiber-reinforced composite material and process for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To uniformize strength of a fiber-reinforced composite material and to improve its reliability by making braid structure of a fiber base material becoming a preform suitable and keeping density of a braid of the preform constant. <P>SOLUTION: In the preform 1, a plurality of shaping parts Z1 to Z7 giving different shapes are provided along a bent line 24. A plurality of shaping braiding parts Y1 to Y7 are provided corresponding to formed parts of respective shaping parts Z1 to Z7 at a braiding surface of the fiber base material 2. Density of the braid 4 at respective shaping braiding parts Y1 to Y7 is set to density compensating density change of the braid 4 of respective shaping parts Z1 to Z7 in a shaping process. Thus the preform 1 is formed of the fiber base material 2 equipped with a plurality of shaping braiding parts Y1 to Y7 and density of the braid 4 at the plurality of shaping parts Z1 to Z7 is fixed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fiber-reinforced composite material having a three-dimensional shape and a method for producing the same, and is characterized by a process of producing a fiber base material to be a preform.

  When obtaining a preform of a three-dimensional shape fiber-reinforced composite material, there are many techniques for shaping a two-dimensional shape fiber base material that is easy to manufacture by bringing it into close contact with a shaping die having the three-dimensional shape. It has been. This is known, for example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2.

JP 2006-188791 A JP 2007-144994 A

  According to the above method, since the two-dimensional fiber base material is originally deformed into a three-dimensional shape, the fiber base material is slightly wrinkled. Here, the wrinkle refers to a state in which the fiber is extremely bent. This wrinkle causes a decrease in strength of the composite material when the preform is used as a fiber-reinforced composite material later. In order to prevent wrinkles, it is conceivable that a cut is made in a two-dimensional shaped fiber base material and then brought into close contact with a three-dimensional shaped shaping mold. Become.

  Then, the present inventors considered adopting a braid as a fiber base material used as a preform. Compared with the weft and the warp constituting the woven fabric, the two-way braid constituting the braid is characterized by being easy to move and the crossing angle being easily changed. According to the movement of the braid, the overall shape of the fiber base material can be changed without disturbing the arrangement of the braid. In other words, in the case of a woven fabric, wrinkles are inevitable if the woven fabric is to be brought into close contact with the three-dimensional shaped mold. However, in the case of a braid, the braided yarn moves corresponding to the shape of the shaping mold, so that wrinkles do not occur during shaping, and the strength of the fiber-reinforced composite material can be improved.

  Thus, if a braid is employ | adopted as a fiber base material, a fiber reinforced composite material with high intensity | strength can be finally obtained. However, when manufacturing a complex three-dimensional fiber-reinforced composite material including a plurality of shaping portions having different shaping shapes, there is a possibility that unevenness may occur in the strength. In the shaping part (straight part) that does not bend, the braiding yarns are not displaced from each other, and the density of the braiding yarn does not change before and after the shaping process. On the other hand, since the braids are displaced from each other in the curved shaped part (curved part), the density changes before and after the shaping process. Further, even in the same bending portion, if the bending direction or the curvature is different, the displacement of the braid is different, so that the density change is different. That is, even if the density of the braid is made constant with the fiber base material, the density does not become constant in the preform after the shaping process. Preforms in which the density of the braid is not constant have non-uniform strength when used as a fiber-reinforced composite material, and are liable to break at low-strength locations, causing a problem in reliability.

  The purpose of the present invention is to optimize the braid structure of the fiber base material to be a preform, to make the density of the braid of the preform formed into a complicated three-dimensional shape constant, and to increase the strength of the fiber-reinforced composite material. It is to make it uniform and improve its reliability.

  The present invention relates to a composition process for producing a fiber base material composed of a braid and to form a three-dimensional shape preform with a refractive line by forming the fiber base material in close contact with the shaping mold. The present invention relates to a three-dimensional fiber reinforced composite material obtained through a shaping process and a resin impregnation curing process in which a preform is impregnated with a molten resin and then cured. The preform is provided with a plurality of shaping portions having different shaping shapes along the refraction line. On the braided surface of the fiber base material, a plurality of shaped braided portions are provided corresponding to the forming locations of the shaped portions. The density of the braiding yarn in each shaping braid is set to a density that compensates for the density change of the braiding yarn in each shaping portion in the shaping process. A preform is formed of a fiber base material having a plurality of shaped braided portions, and the density of the braided yarn in the plurality of shaped portions is constant. The density of the braid of the fiber base material can be changed by adjusting the braid angle of the braid.

  As the simplest specific example of the preform according to the present invention, a preform constituted by one shaping part (straight part) that does not bend and one shaping part (curving part) that is curved, or a shape There can be mentioned those composed of two curved portions having different values. The difference in shape in the latter means that the bending direction or the curvature is different. The case of a preform including three or more shaped portions can be considered in the same manner. In this case, two or more shaped portions having the same shape may be provided.

  Specifically, the preform is formed including a curved shaping portion. The fiber base material is formed of a braid in which the central yarn is incorporated between the braided yarns, and the central yarn is arranged so as to pass through the curved shaping portion of the preform.

  A form in which the fiber base material is made of a flat punched article can be adopted. Or the form which a fiber base material consists of a round punching thing can be taken. In the latter case, prior to the shaping process, the round punched product is flattened into two layers, and in the shaping process, the obtained two-layer fiber substrate is brought into close contact with the shaping mold. To form a preform.

  In addition, the present invention forms a three-dimensional shape preform having a refractive line by forming a fiber substrate made of a braid and forming the fiber substrate in close contact with the shaping mold. The present invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional fiber reinforced composite material including a shaping process and a resin impregnation curing process in which a preform is impregnated with a molten resin and then cured. The preform is provided with a plurality of shaping portions having different shaping shapes along the refraction line. On the braided surface of the fiber base material, a plurality of shaped braided portions are provided corresponding to the forming locations of the shaped portions. The density of the braiding yarn in each shaping braid is set to a density that compensates for the density change of the braiding yarn in each shaping portion in the shaping process. A preform is formed of a fiber base material having a plurality of shaped braided portions, and the density of the braided yarn in the plurality of shaped portions is constant.

  In the present invention, on the braided surface of the fiber base material, a plurality of shaped braided portions are provided corresponding to the forming locations of the shaped portions provided on the preform, and the density of the braided yarn in each shaped braided portion is determined. The density is set to compensate for the change in density of the braiding yarn of each shaping part in the shaping process. To give a specific example, in the shaped part (straight part) that does not bend, the braid is not displaced and its density does not change, so the density of the braid in the corresponding shaped braid is set to the reference value. If the shaped part (curved part) of the preform is curved so that the distance between the center lines of the braid is widened, and the density of the braid is smaller than before shaping, the corresponding shaping The density of the braided yarn in the braided portion is set larger than the reference value. Conversely, if the curved part is curved so that the interval between the center lines of the braid is narrowed, and the density of the braid is greater than before shaping, Set smaller than the reference value. The difference from the reference value when the density is set large or small is determined according to the change in density during the shaping process.

  As described above, when the density of the braiding yarn of each shaping braided portion of the fiber base material is set to a density that compensates for the density change of the braiding yarn in the shaping process, a plurality of shaping is performed in the shaping process. A preform in which the density of the braiding yarn in the part is constant can be obtained, and finally, a fiber-reinforced composite material having a uniform strength and high reliability can be obtained.

  As described above, the present invention sets the density of the braiding yarn of the fiber base material so that the density change in the shaping process can be compensated, and as long as the same fiber base material and shaping mold are used, the density change Are assumed to be identical. In order to make this always the same, it is necessary to make each braid always perform the same movement. However, there is a case where the braided yarn moves differently from the expected in the curved portion of the preform. In the curved portion, there are a portion where the braided yarn moves greatly and a portion where the braided yarn does not move so much, and in order to make the movement of the braided yarn always the same, these portions need to be always the same. However, if all the braids are in a relatively free-moving state, these locations may differ each time they are shaped, and defective preforms with non-constant braid density are often produced. End up.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the center yarn is incorporated between the braiding yarns. Since the movement of the braiding yarn is constrained at the peripheral portion of the central yarn, if the central yarn is arranged so as to pass through the curved portion of the preform, a place where the braiding yarn does not move can be determined in the curved portion. When the place where the braiding yarn does not move is determined, the place where the braiding yarn moves is also determined naturally. That is, the movement of the braiding yarn in the curved portion can always be the same. In other words, the braid always moves as planned. Thereby, the density of the braid of the preform can be more reliably made constant.

  When the fiber base material is a flat braided product, processing before shaping is not necessary, and it can be shaped by adhering to the shaping mold as it is, so that the manufacturing process of the fiber reinforced composite material Man-hours can be reduced. On the other hand, when the fiber base material is a round punched product, it can be formed into two layers by a simple operation of crushing flatly, and the strength of the preform, that is, the strength of the fiber-reinforced composite material can be easily increased. be able to.

(1st Embodiment) 1st Embodiment of the fiber reinforced composite material which concerns on this invention, and its manufacturing method is described using FIGS. 1-11. The fiber-reinforced composite material here includes a composition process for producing the fiber base material 2, a shaping process for forming the preform 1 by bringing the fiber base material 2 into close contact with the shaping mold 3, and a molding process. It can be obtained through a resin impregnation curing process in which the reform 1 is impregnated with a molten resin and then thermally cured. The fiber base material 2 is a flat punched assembly formed by assembling a large number of braids 4. In the following, first, the composition process for producing the flat hammered structure 2 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the flat assembly machine for composing the flat assembly 2 travels along a disk-shaped plate 5 having an open center and a track 6 formed in the plate 5. And a large number of bobbin carriers 7. The mandrel 8 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape that is longer in the axial direction than in the radial direction, and is disposed so as to penetrate the center portion of the opening 9 of the plate 5 in the vertical direction. Each bobbin carrier 7 includes a carrier whose lower part is accommodated in the track 6, a bobbin mounted on the upper side of the carrier, and a feeding mechanism for the braid 4 wound around the bobbin. The braid 4 is a fiber bundle in which a plurality of glass fibers or carbon fibers are bundled. By moving each bobbin carrier 7 along the track 6 while moving the mandrel 8 upward, the braid 4 can be sequentially assembled on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 8.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the track 6 as a whole has a shape in which a plurality of infinite symbols (∞) connected in a horizontal row are curved in a circular shape. Specifically, the track 6 includes an outward path 11 in which each bobbin carrier 7 circulates in a clockwise direction in a plan view while meandering, a return path 12 that circulates in a counterclockwise direction while meandering, and a return path from the end point of the outward path 11. The first turning point 13 connected to the start point of 12 and the second turning point 14 connected from the end point of the return path 12 to the start point of the forward path 11 are provided. The outbound path 11 and the inbound path 12 intersect at many places.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a pair of pin rows 17, 17 composed of a large number of pins 16 arranged in the axial direction of the mandrel 8 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 8. The tip of 16 is directed to the turning points 13 and 14 of the track 6. A pair of rod-shaped guides 18 and 18 are arranged from the upper surface of the plate 5 toward the pin rows 17. Specifically, each guide 18 is disposed so as to extend in an obliquely upward direction from the proximal position of the turn-back points 13 and 14 surrounded by the forward path 11 and the return path 12 of the track 6. As shown in FIG. 4, when the bobbin carrier 7 approaches the turning point 13 (14), the braid 4 of the bobbin carrier 7 is caught on the proximal end portion of the guide 18. When the bobbin carrier 7 further advances from there, the hooked yarn 4 advances toward the tip of the guide 18 and eventually moves from the tip of the guide 18 to one pin 16 as shown by a solid line in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the braid 4 caught on the pin 16 is wound around the mandrel 8 so as to go around in the opposite direction.

  FIG. 5 shows a state in which the assembly of the braid 4 to the mandrel 8 is completed, and one composition 20 composed of a large number of braids 4 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 8. The cross section of the composition 20 has a C shape. When this composition 20 is separated from the mandrel 8, a strip-shaped flat braid 2 as shown in FIG. 6 is obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 6, center yarns 22 extending in the longitudinal direction of the flat striking product 2 are disposed at both ends in the width direction of the flat striking product 2. The central yarn 22 is fed in the axial direction of the mandrel 8 from a position adjacent to the base end of each guide 18 in the composition process, and is incorporated between the braids 4 when the braid 4 is wound around the mandrel 8. It is. The central yarn 22 is made of a fiber bundle in the same manner as the braid 4. The fibers constituting the central yarn 22 may be the same as or different from those of the braid 4. An imaginary line indicated by a symbol L in FIG. 6 is a bisector that equally divides the flat hammered structure 2 in the width direction. The two central threads 22 and 22 are parallel to the bisector L and symmetrical with respect to the bisector L.

  In the shaping process performed after the composition process, as shown in FIG. 7A, the fibrous base material 2 is brought into close contact with the shaping mold 3 to form the three-dimensional preform 1. . The shaping mold 3 is formed corresponding to the shape of the preform 1 to be formed, and by shaping the flat braid 2 so as to match the shape of the shaping mold 3, a desired shape is obtained. The preform 1 can be obtained. In the shaping process, first, one end side in the longitudinal direction of the flat striking product 2 is brought into close contact with the shaping mold 3. From this state, when the range of close contact is expanded to the other end side and the entire flat striking product 2 is brought into close contact with the forming mold 3, the forming process is completed. This is done manually.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the preform 1 includes a curved refracting line 24 and two constituent surfaces 25 and 25 that are continuous to the refracting line 24, and has a V-shaped cross section. The formation position of the refraction line 24 coincides with the bisector L of the flat hammered structure 2 shown in FIG. The operation of bringing the flat striking object 2 into close contact can be performed after the crease along the bisector L shown in FIG. Reference numeral 26 denotes a free end line of the preform 1, and one central thread 22 is disposed in the vicinity of each free end line 26. In the shaping process, the center yarn 22 restrains the braid 4 at the periphery thereof, so that the length dimension of the free end line 26 is substantially equal to the longitudinal dimension of the flat hammered structure 2. As shown in FIG. 7B, the two constituent surfaces 25 and 25 and the two central threads 22 and 22 are symmetric with respect to the vertical plane X including the entire refraction line 24. The completed preform 1 is transferred to the next resin impregnation curing process while being in close contact with the shaping mold 3. When the mold is released from the shaping mold 3, the target fiber-reinforced composite material is completed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the preform 1 according to this embodiment includes seven shaping portions Z1 to Z7 arranged in a line along the refraction line 24, and the shaping portion (straight portion) Z1 that does not bend. Z3, Z5, and Z7 and curved shaping portions (curved portions) Z2, Z4, and Z6 are alternately arranged. Of the three curved portions Z2, Z4, and Z6, the curved portions Z2 and Z6 on both ends are convex curved portions in which the refracting line 24 is curved in a convex shape in the apex direction of the V-shaped cross section, and an intermediate curved portion Z4 is a concave curved portion that curves in a direction opposite to the convex curved portions Z2 and Z6. The curvatures of the curved portions Z2, Z4, and Z6 are constant over the entire length of the refractive line 24, and the curvatures of both convex curved portions Z2 and Z6 are equal.

  In the shaping process, the braid 4 is not displaced in each of the straight portions Z1, Z3, Z5, and Z7, but the braid 4 is displaced in each of the curved portions Z2, Z4, and Z6. A central yarn 22 is arranged in the vicinity of each free end line 26, and the braided yarn 4 is constrained at the periphery of the central yarn 22, so that the braided yarn 4 of each curved portion Z2, Z4, Z6 is refracted. It is greatly displaced on the line 24 side. On the refracting lines 24 of the convex curved portions Z2 and Z6, the distance between the center lines of the adjacent braiding yarns 4 is wider than before shaping, and the width dimension of the braiding yarns 4 made of fiber bundles is increased. The density of becomes smaller. On the other hand, on the refracting line 24 of the concave curved portion Z4, the interval between the center lines of the adjacent braids 4 is narrower than before shaping, the width dimension of the braid 4 is reduced, and the density of the braid 4 is increased. Become.

  As described above, the density of the braid 4 around the refracting line 24 is smaller at the convex curved portions Z2 and Z6 than before shaping, and is larger at the concave curved portion Z4, and the straight portions Z1, Z3, Z5, There is no change in Z7. Therefore, if the density of the braid 4 is made constant in the flat punched product 2, the density varies in each of the shaping parts Z1 to Z7 in the preform 1 that has undergone the shaping process. If the density of the braid 4 is not constant, the strength is not uniform when a fiber reinforced composite material is used. The fiber reinforced composite material according to the present embodiment is assumed to have the largest load on the peripheral portion of the refractive line 24 in the usage pattern. In order to improve the reliability of the composite material, It is necessary to make the strength of the part uniform. In order to make the strength uniform, it is necessary to make the density of the braid 4 around the refracting line 24 constant.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, on the braided surface of the flat hammered structure 2, the shaped braided portions (straight braided portions) Y1, Y3, Y5, Y5 corresponding to the straight portions Z1, Z3, Z5, and Z7 are provided. Y7 and the shaped braided portions (curved braided portions) Y2, Y4, and Y6 corresponding to the curved portions Z2, Z4, and Z6 were provided, respectively. Then, the density of the braid 4 of the curved braided portions Y2, Y4, and Y6 was set to a density that compensates for the density change of the braid 4 during the shaping process. Specifically, the density of the braid 4 of the linear braided portions Y1, Y3, Y5, and Y7 is set as a reference value. Since the density of the convex curved portions Z2 and Z6 decreases during the shaping process, the density of the corresponding convex curved braided portions Y2 and Y6 is set larger than the reference value. Since the density of the concave curved portion Z4 increases during the shaping process, the density of the concave curved braided portion Y4 corresponding to the density is set smaller than the reference value. The difference from the reference value of the density of each curved braided portion Y2, Y4, Y6 is set according to the change in density at each corresponding curved portion Z2, Z4, Z6. The change in density is determined by the curvature of the curved portions Z2, Z4, and Z6. If the density of each shaped braided portion Y1 to Y7 is set as described above, when the flat punched product 2 is shaped and the preform 1 is formed, the braided yarn 4 around the refractive line 24 is Density is constant.

  The flat punched product 2 in which the density of the braid 4 is different in each shaped braid Y1 to Y7 can be produced by sequentially changing the braid angle of the braid 4 in the composition process. The braiding angle is an acute angle formed by the braiding yarn 4 with respect to the central axis of the mandrel 8, and the density of the braiding yarn 4 increases as this approaches 90 °. As a means for changing the set angle, in addition to a method for changing the feeding angle of the set yarn 4 from the bobbin carrier 7, a method for changing the moving speed of the mandrel 8 or the traveling speed of the bobbin carrier 7 can be applied. . When these methods are applied singly or in combination to change the braid angle, the distance between the pins 16 on which the braid 4 is caught changes from that. That is, the larger the set angle, the smaller the interval, and conversely, the smaller the set angle, the greater the interval. The interval between the pins 16 of each pin row 17 is set to be sufficiently small so that two or more braids 4 are not caught by one pin 16 when the group angle is increased.

  In FIG. 8, reference signs θ <b> 1 to θ <b> 3 indicate crossing angles of the two-way braiding yarns 4 at the respective shaped braided portions Y <b> 1 to Y <b> 7 of the flat punching braid 2. Get smaller. Compared with the intersecting angle θ1 of the straight braided portions Y1, Y3, Y5, and Y7 where the density of the braided yarn 4 is the reference value, the convex curved braided portions Y2 and Y6 that have a large braided angle 4 and a large density of the braided yarn 4 The angle θ2 is smaller than θ1. Further, in the concave curved braided portion Y4 where the braiding angle is small and the density of the braiding yarn 4 is small, the intersection angle θ3 is larger than θ1.

  FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing the configuration of the braid 4 of the straight portions Z1, Z3, Z5, and Z7 of the preform 1, and the crossing angle φ1 and the width dimension W1 of the braid 4 are equal at an arbitrary position. In these straight portions Z1, Z3, Z5, and Z7, the braiding yarn 4 does not move during the shaping process, so the crossing angle and the width dimension do not change before and after the shaping process, and the crossing angle φ1 is a straight braiding. It is equal to the intersection angle θ1 of the portions Y1, Y3, Y5, and Y7.

  FIG. 10A shows the convex curved braided portions Y2 and Y6 of the flat striking braid 2. Here, the crossing angle θ2 and the width dimension V2 of the braiding yarn 4 are equal at an arbitrary position. In these convex curved braided portions Y2 and Y6, the width dimension V2 is larger than that of the straight braided portions Y1, Y3, Y5, and Y7, and is larger than that of the straight braided portions Y1, Y3, Y5, and Y7. It is slightly smaller.

  FIG. 10B shows convex curved portions Z2 and Z6 of the preform 1 formed by convexly bending the convex curved braided portions Y2 and Y6. Here, the crossing angle of the braid 4 becomes smaller as the crossing point approaches the refraction line 24, and is minimum on the refraction line 24 (φ21) and maximum on the free end line 26 (φ22). On the other hand, the width dimension of the braid 4 increases as it approaches the refraction line 24, and is the largest on the refraction line 24 and the smallest on the free end line 26. The width dimension W22 on the free end line 26 is substantially equal to the width dimension V2 at the convex curved braided portions Y2 and Y6 because the braided yarn 4 is constrained by the central yarn 22 disposed in the vicinity thereof. The width dimension W21 on the refraction line 24 is substantially equal to the width dimension W1 at the straight portions Z1, Z3, Z5, and Z7 as a point to be noted. That is, the density of the braid 4 around the refracting line 24 is substantially equal between the straight portions Z1, Z3, Z5, and Z7 and the convex curved portions Z2 and Z6. In the convex curved portions Z2 and Z6, the crossing angle of the braiding yarn 4 refers to the smaller one of the angles formed by the center lines in the longitudinal direction of the crossing braiding yarn 4, and the width direction of the braiding yarn 4 Indicates a direction perpendicular to the center line. The same applies to the concave curved portion Z4 shown in FIG.

  Fig.11 (a) has shown the concave curve braid part Y4 of the flat hammered structure 2, and the crossing angle (theta) 3 and the width dimension V3 of the braid 4 are equal in arbitrary positions here. The width dimension V3 of the concave curved braided portion Y4 is slightly larger than that of the straight braided portions Y1, Y3, Y5, and Y7 because the braided angle is smaller than that of the straight braided portions Y1, Y3, Y5, and Y7. It has become.

  FIG. 11B shows a concavely curved portion Z4 of the preform 1 formed by concavely bending the concavely curved braided portion Y4. Here, the crossing angle of the braid 4 increases as the crossing point approaches the refraction line 24, and is the maximum on the refraction line 24 (φ31) and the minimum on the free end line 26 (φ32). On the other hand, the width dimension of the braid 4 decreases as it approaches the refraction line 24, and is minimum on the refraction line 24 and maximum on the free end line 26. The width dimension W32 on the free end line 26 is substantially equal to the width dimension V3 at the concave curved braid Y4 because the braid 4 is constrained by the central thread 22 disposed in the vicinity thereof. The width dimension W31 on the refraction line 24 is substantially equal to the width dimension W1 in the straight line portions Z1, Z3, Z5, and Z7 as a point to be noted. That is, the density of the braid 4 around the refracting line 24 is substantially equal between the straight portions Z1, Z3, Z5, and Z7 and the concave curved portion Z4.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the preform 1 in which the density of the braiding yarn 4 around the refracting line 24 is constant can be obtained, and finally the fiber having the uniform strength around the refracting line 24 is obtained. Reinforced composite materials can be manufactured. This composite material is not easily damaged even when a large load is applied to the periphery of the refractive line 24, and is highly reliable.

(2nd Embodiment) 2nd Embodiment of the fiber reinforced composite material which concerns on this invention is described using FIG. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that each central thread 22 is arranged in the vicinity of the refraction line 24. According to this arrangement, the movement of the braiding yarn 4 is constrained in the vicinity of the refraction line 24, so the length dimension of the refraction line 24 is substantially equal to the longitudinal dimension of the flat braid 2.

  In the shaping process, the braid 4 of each of the curved portions Z2, Z4, and Z6 is greatly displaced on the free end line 26 side. On the free end line 26 of the convex curved portions Z2 and Z6, the interval between the center lines of the adjacent braids 4 becomes narrower than before shaping, the width dimension of the braids 4 is reduced, and the density of the braids 4 is reduced. growing. For this reason, the density of the braid 4 is set to be smaller than the reference value in the convex curved braided portions Y2 and Y6 of the flat punched product 2 corresponding to the convex curved portions Z2 and Z6. On the other hand, on the free end line 26 of the concave curved portion Z4, the interval between the center lines of the adjacent braiding yarns 4 is wider than before shaping, the width dimension of the braiding yarn 4 is increased, and the density of the braiding yarn 4 is increased. Get smaller. Therefore, in the concave curved braided portion Y4 of the flat striking structure 2 corresponding to the concave curved portion Z4, the density is set larger than the reference value. In the preform 1 of this embodiment, the density of the braid 4 is constant at the periphery of each free end line 26.

(3rd Embodiment) 3rd Embodiment of the fiber reinforced composite material which concerns on this invention is described using FIGS. 13-15. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a round punched product 2 is used as a fiber base material to be the preform 1. FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show a round assembly machine for composing the round assembly 2 and the configuration of the track 6 is different from that of the first embodiment except that the pins 16 and the guides 18 are not provided. ing. The track 6 has an endless first track 31 in which half the bobbin carriers 7 meander in the clockwise direction in a plan view while meandering, and an endless shape in which the remaining half bobbin carriers 7 meander in the counterclockwise direction while meandering. The second track 32 is provided. The first track 31 and the second track 32 intersect at a number of locations. When the bobbin carrier 7 travels along the track 6, the braid 4 is wound around the outer surface of the mandrel 8 in a spiral shape.

  When the assembly of the braid 4 to the mandrel 8 is completed, the cylindrical round braid 2 as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 15 is obtained. After being separated from the mandrel 8, the round striking product 2 is flattened from the outer peripheral surface side and formed into a two-layer belt shape as shown by a solid line in FIG. Thereafter, the preform 1 can be formed by moving to the shaping process and shaping the obtained two-layer round punched product 2 in close contact with the shaping mold 3. Since the other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

  In addition, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the preform 1 includes a plurality of curved portions having different curvatures, or the case where the preform 1 includes only a plurality of curved portions without including a straight portion. The form which arrange | positions the center thread | yarn 22 only to the curved part Z2, * Z4 * Z6 of the preform 1 can be taken.

It is a figure which shows the form of the preform which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a top view of the flat hammering machine concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a front view of the flat hammering machine concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a figure explaining the effect | action of the guide and pin of the flat hammering machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional view of the mandrel in a state where the assembly of the braid is completed by the flat hammering machine according to the first embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the flat hammering assembly which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state which the preform concerning 1st Embodiment was completed, (a) is a front view, (b) is the sectional view on the AA line of (a). It is a figure explaining the magnitude relationship of the density of the braiding yarn of the flat punching assembly which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the linear part of the preform concerning a 1st embodiment. The displacement of the braid in the shaping process which concerns on 1st Embodiment is shown, (a) is an enlarged view of the convex curve braid part of a flat striking thing, (b) is a profile corresponding to a convex curve braid part. It is an enlarged view of the convex curve part of reform. The displacement of the braid in the shaping process which concerns on 1st Embodiment is shown, (a) is an enlarged view of the concave curve braid part of a flat hammered structure, (b) is a process corresponding to a concave curve braid part. It is an enlarged view of the concave curved part of reform. It is a figure which shows the form of the preform which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view of the round hammering machine concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a front view of the round hammering machine concerning a 3rd embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the round punching thing which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1 Preform 2 Fiber base material (Flat punching / round punching)
3 Shaping type 4 Braiding yarn 22 Central yarn 24 Refraction line 26 Free end line Y1, Y3, Y5, Y7
Y2 ・ Y6 shaped braided part of fiber base (convex curved braided part)
Y4 shaped braided part of fiber base (concave curved braided part)
Z1, Z3, Z5, Z7 preform shaping part (straight line part)
Z2 ・ Z6 preform shaping part (convex curved part)
Z4 preform shaping part (concave curved part)

Claims (8)

A composition process for producing a fiber substrate composed of a braid;
A shaping process for forming a three-dimensional preform with a refractive line by forming the fibrous base material in close contact with the shaping mold;
A three-dimensional fiber reinforced composite material obtained through a resin impregnation curing process in which the preform is impregnated with a molten resin and then cured,
The preform is provided with a plurality of shaping portions having different shaping shapes along the refraction line,
On the braided surface of the fiber base material, a plurality of shaped braided portions are provided corresponding to the formation locations of the respective shaped portions,
The density of the braiding yarn in each shaping braided part is set to a density that compensates for the density change of the braiding yarn in each shaping part in the shaping process,
A fiber-reinforced composite material, wherein the preform is formed from the fiber base material having a plurality of the shaped braided portions, and the density of the braided yarn in the plurality of shaped portions is constant. . The preform is formed to include a curved shaping portion,
The fiber base material is composed of a braid in which a central yarn is incorporated between braids,
The fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the central yarn is disposed so as to pass through the curved shaped portion.   The fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fiber base material is a flat braid. The fiber base material comprises a round punched structure,
Prior to the shaping process, the round punched product is flattened into two layers,
The fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preform is formed by bringing the obtained two-layer fiber base material into close contact with the shaping mold in the shaping process. A composition process for producing a fiber substrate composed of a braid;
A shaping process for forming a three-dimensional preform with a refractive line by forming the fibrous base material in close contact with the shaping mold;
A method for producing a three-dimensional fiber reinforced composite material comprising a resin impregnation curing process in which the preform is impregnated with a molten resin and then cured.
The preform is provided with a plurality of shaping portions having different shaping shapes along the refraction line,
On the braided surface of the fiber base material, a plurality of shaped braided portions are provided corresponding to the formation locations of the respective shaped portions,
The density of the braiding yarn in each shaping braided part is set to a density that compensates for the density change of the braiding yarn in each shaping part in the shaping process,
A fiber-reinforced composite material, wherein the preform is formed from the fiber base material having a plurality of the shaped braided portions, and the density of the braided yarn in the plurality of shaped portions is constant. Manufacturing method. The preform is formed to include a curved shaping portion,
The fiber base material is composed of a braid in which a central yarn is incorporated between braids,
The method for producing a fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 5, wherein the central yarn is disposed so as to pass through the curved shaped portion.   The method for producing a fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the fiber base material comprises a flat braid. The fiber base material comprises a round punched structure,
Prior to the shaping process, the round punched product is flattened into two layers,
The method for producing a fiber-reinforced composite material according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, in the shaping process, the two-layered fiber base material obtained is brought into close contact with the shaping mold to form the preform.

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