JP2009530380A - タンパク質凝集を減少させるための方法 - Google Patents
タンパク質凝集を減少させるための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009530380A JP2009530380A JP2009501487A JP2009501487A JP2009530380A JP 2009530380 A JP2009530380 A JP 2009530380A JP 2009501487 A JP2009501487 A JP 2009501487A JP 2009501487 A JP2009501487 A JP 2009501487A JP 2009530380 A JP2009530380 A JP 2009530380A
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、参照によりその内容全体が本明細書に援用される、「Methods for Reducing Protein Aggregation」という名称の、2006年3月20日に出願した米国仮出願第60/784130号の利益を主張するものである。
タンパク質は、多種多様な医薬、バイオテクノロジー、および調査の使用を有する。これらの使用のいずれかにおける種々の段階で、タンパク質は凝集する場合がある。「凝集する」によって、可溶性であり続けるか溶液から凝結する不溶性の凝集物を形成する、共有結合性または非共有結合性二量体またはオリゴマーの形成を生じるタンパク質分子の間の物理的相互作用が意味される。用語「タンパク質」は、本明細書中で使用される場合、ペプチド、ポリペプチド、タンパク質、および融合タンパク質を包含する。タンパク質は、組換えまたは合成方法によって生成されてもよい。
本出願は、一般に、アミノ酸メチオニンを製剤に添加することによって製剤中のタンパク質またはタンパク質(複数)の凝集を減少させることができるという発見に関する。凝集の減少は、メチオニンを欠くこと以外同一の製剤と比例する。凝集を減少させるために、メチオニンは、約0.5mM〜約145mMの間の終濃度まで、製剤に添加される。本出願において使用される場合、「約」は、引用される値の±25%の範囲を有する数値を意味する。いくつかの実施形態において、メチオニンは、約0.5mM〜約10mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。他の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約0.5mM〜約15mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。いくつかの実施形態において、メチオニンは、約2.5mM〜約10mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。いくつかの実施形態において、メチオニンは、約2.5mM〜約15mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。他の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約5mM〜約15mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。いくつかの実施形態において、メチオニンは、約5mM〜約25mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。いくつかの他の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約0.5mM〜約25mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。ある実施形態において、メチオニンは、約0.5mM〜約50mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。他の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約50mM〜約100mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。ある他の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約100mM〜約145mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。さらに他の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約100mM〜約140mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。さらに他の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約100mM〜約135mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。さらなる実施形態において、メチオニンは、約100mM〜約125mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。他の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約5mM〜約50mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。いくつかの実施形態において、メチオニンは、約5mM〜約25mMの間の終濃度まで添加される。特定の実施形態において、メチオニンは、約0.5mM、約1mM、約2mM、約3mM、約4mM、約5mM、約6mM、約7mM、約8mM、約9mM、約10mM、約11mM、約12mM、約13mM、約14mM、約15mM、約16mM、約17mM、約18mM、約19mM、約20mM、約21mM、約22mM、約23mM、約24mM、約25mM、約26mM、約27mM、約28mM、約29mM、約30mM、約31mM、約32mM、約33mM、約34mM、約35mM、約36mM、約37mM、約38mM、約39mM、約40mM、約41mM、約42mM、約43mM、約44mM、約45mM、約46mM、約47mM、約48mM、約49mM、または約50mMの終濃度まで、タンパク質製剤に添加される。
多数の異なる分析方法を用いて、タンパク質製剤中の凝集物の存在およびレベルを検出することができる。これらのものとしては、限定されないが、天然のポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動法(PAGE)、ドデシル硫酸ナトリウムポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動法(SDS−PAGE)、キャピラリーゲル電気泳動法(CGE)、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC)、分析超遠心(AUC)、場流動分画(FFF)、光散乱検出、沈降速度、UV分光法、示差走査熱量測定法、比濁法、ネフェロメトリー、顕微鏡法、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー−高速液体クロマトグラフィー(SEC−HPLC)、逆相高速液体クロマトグラフィー(RP−HPLC)、エレクトロスプレーイオン化タンデム質量分析(ESI−MS)、およびタンデムRP−HPLC/ESI−MSが挙げられる。これらの方法は、単独で、または組み合わせてのいずれで使用してもよい。
抗体、免疫グロブリン融合タンパク質、凝固因子、受容体、リガンド、酵素、転写因子、またはそれらの生物活性断片を含む、凝集の影響を受けやすい任意のタンパク質は、本出願の方法および組成物によって保護することができる。タンパク質が得られる、または生成される、供給源または様式(例えば、適切な精製スキームによって細胞もしくは組織供給源から単離されるか、組換えDNA技術によって生成されるか、または標準的なペプチド合成技術を用いて化学的に合成されるか)は、本出願によって教示される方法に重要でない。したがって、キメラおよび/または融合タンパク質を含む、多種多様な、天然、合成、および/または組換えタンパク質は、本出願の方法および組成物によって、凝集から保護することができる。
製剤の組成は、限定されないが、タンパク質(複数可)(例えば、受容体、抗体、Ig融合タンパク質、酵素等)の性質、タンパク質の濃度、所望されるpH範囲、どのようにしてタンパク質製剤が保存されるか、タンパク質製剤が保存される期間、ならびにタンパク質製剤が患者に投与されるかどうか、およびどのようにして投与されるかを含む、いくつかの要因の考慮によって判定される。
製剤中のタンパク質の濃度は、タンパク質製剤の最終的な使用による。本明細書中に記載されている製剤中のタンパク質濃度は、一般に、約0.5mg/ml〜約300mg/mlの間、例えば約0.5mg/ml〜約25mg/mlの間、約5mg/ml〜約25mg/mlの間、約10mg/ml〜約100mg/mlの間、約25mg/ml〜約100mg/mlの間、約50mg/ml〜約100mg/mlの間、約75mg/ml〜約100mg/mlの間、約100mg/ml〜約200mg/mlの間、約125mg/ml〜約200mg/mlの間、約150mg/ml〜約200mg/mlの間、約200mg/ml〜約300mg/mlの間、および約250mg/ml〜約300mg/mlの間である。
用語「バッファー」は、本明細書中で使用される場合、溶液pHを所望の範囲に維持する作用物質を含む。本明細書中に記載されているような製剤のpHは、一般に、pH約5.0〜約9.0の間、例えば、約pH5.5〜約6.5、約pH5.5〜約6.0、約pH6.0〜約6.5、pH5.5、pH6.0、またはpH6.5である。一般に、溶液をpH5.5〜6.5に維持することができるバッファーが使用される。本明細書中に記載されている製剤において使用することができるバッファーの非限定的な例としては、ヒスチジン、コハク酸塩、グルコン酸塩、tris(トロメタモール)、Bis−Tris、MOPS、ACES、BES、TES、HEPES、EPPS、エチレンジアミン、リン酸、マレイン酸、リン酸塩、クエン酸塩、2−モルホリノエタンスルホン酸(MES)、リン酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、およびカコジル酸塩が挙げられる。ヒスチジンは、皮下、筋肉内、または腹腔内注射によって投与される製剤において好ましいバッファーである。バッファーの濃度は、約5mM〜30mMの間である。一実施形態において、製剤のバッファーは、約5mM〜約20mMの濃度のヒスチジンである。
タンパク質、メチオニン、およびバッファーに加えて、本明細書中に記載されている製剤はまた、他の物質を含んでもよい。これらの物質としては、限定されないが、凍結保護物質、溶解保護物質、界面活性物質、増量剤、抗酸化剤、および安定化剤が挙げられる。一実施形態において、本明細書中に記載されているタンパク質製剤は、凍結保護物質、溶解保護物質、界面活性物質、増量剤、抗酸化剤、安定化剤、およびそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される賦形剤を含む。
本明細書中に記載されているタンパク質製剤は、当業者に公知の任意の方法によって保存してもよい。非限定的な例としては、タンパク質製剤を、凍結、凍結乾燥、および噴霧乾燥することが挙げられる。
本明細書中に記載されている製剤は、それを必要とする患者における疾患または障害の治療および/または予防における医薬組成物として有用である。用語「治療」は、治療的処置および予防(prophylactic)または防止(preventative)手段の両方をいう。治療は、疾患、疾患の症状、または疾患に対する素因に治癒(cure、heal)、改善、軽減、変化、治療、寛解、改良する、または影響を及ぼす目的で、疾患/障害、疾患/障害の症状、疾患/障害に対する素因を有する患者由来の体、単離された組織、または細胞への、タンパク質製剤の適用または投与を含む。「治療を必要とする」ものは、すでに障害を有するもの、ならびに障害が予防されるべきものを含む。用語「障害」は、本明細書中に記載されているタンパク質製剤での治療の利益を受ける任意の状態である。これは、哺乳動物を問題になっている障害にかかりやすくする病的状態を含む、慢性および急性障害または疾患を含む。本明細書中で治療される障害の非限定的な例としては、出血性障害、血栓症、白血病、リンパ腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、自己免疫障害、血液凝固障害、血友病、移植片拒絶、炎症性障害、心疾患、筋消耗障害、アレルギー、癌、筋ジストロフィー、筋肉減少症、悪液質、II型糖尿病、関節リウマチ、クローン病、乾癬、乾癬性関節炎、喘息、皮膚炎、アレルギー性鼻炎、慢性閉塞性肺疾患、好酸球増加症、線維症、および過剰な粘液産生が挙げられる。
本明細書中に記載されているタンパク質製剤は、適した様式、例えば皮下、静脈内、腹腔内、筋肉内、動脈内、病巣内もしくは関節内経路による注射もしく輸液での、単回もしくは複数ボーラスまたは長期間にわたる輸液、局所投与、経粘膜、経皮直腸、吸入、または徐放もしくは持続放出手段による等の当業者に公知の方法を用いて、治療を必要とする被験体に投与することができる。タンパク質製剤が凍結乾燥されている場合、凍結乾燥された物質は、投与の前に、まず適切な液体中で復元される。凍結乾燥された物質は、例えば、注射のための静菌水(BWFI)、生理食塩水、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)、または凍結乾燥の前にタンパク質があった同じ製剤中で、復元してもよい。
製剤の毒性および治療有効性は、例えばLD50(集団の50%にとって致死の用量)およびED50(集団の50%において治療上有効な用量)を判定するために、例えば細胞培養物または実験動物を用いて、当該分野で公知の薬学的手順によって判定することができる。毒性と治療効果との間の用量比は治療指数であり、これは、LD50/ED50比として表すことができる。
別の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載されている製剤を含み、好ましくはその使用のための説明書を提供する、製造品が提供される。製造品は、製剤を含むのに適した容器を含む。適した容器としては、限定されないが、瓶、バイアル(例えば、デュアルチャンバーバイアル)、注射器(例えば、シングルまたはデュアルチャンバー注射器)、試験管、噴霧器、吸入器(例えば、定量吸入器またはドライパウダー吸入器)、またはデポーが挙げられる。容器は、ガラス、金属またはプラスチック(例えば、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ポリプロピレン)等の種々の物質から形成してもよい。容器は製剤を保持し、容器上または容器と関連したラベルは、復元および/または使用のための使用法を示す。ラベルは、製剤が皮下投与に有用または意図されることをさらに示してもよい。製剤を保持している容器は、製剤の繰り返し投与(例えば、2〜6回の投与)を可能にするマルチユースバイアルであってもよい。製造品は、適した希釈液(例えば、WFI、0.9% NaCl、BWFI、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水)を含む第二の容器をさらに含んでもよい。製造品が、凍結乾燥された種類のタンパク質製剤を含む場合、希釈液を凍結乾燥製剤と混合することによって、一般に少なくとも20mg/mlの、復元された製剤中の最終タンパク質濃度が提供される。製造品は、他のバッファー、希釈液、フィルター、針、注射器、および使用のための説明書を有する添付文書を含む、商業的および使用者の観点から望ましい他の物質をさらに含んでもよい。
上昇した温度での保存に供された抗B7.2抗体製剤におけるタンパク質凝集に対するメチオニンの効果
この実施例は、メチオニンがタンパク質製剤中のタンパク質の凝集を減少させることができるかどうかを説明する。具体的には、下記の実験は、40℃での保存に供された抗B7.2抗体製剤中の抗B7.2抗体(IgG2、κ軽鎖、図9参照)の凝集に対するメチオニンの効果を試験することを対象とする。B7.2は、B細胞上で発現される共刺激リガンドであり、T細胞表面分子、CD28およびCTLA−4と相互作用することができる。
上昇した温度に供された抗B7.1抗体製剤におけるタンパク質凝集に対するメチオニンの効果
この実施例は、メチオニンがタンパク質製剤中のタンパク質の凝集を減少させることができるかどうかをさらに説明する。下記の実験は、40℃での保存に供された抗B7.1抗体製剤中の抗B7.1抗体(IgG2、κ軽鎖、図8参照)の凝集に対するメチオニンの効果を試験することを対象とする。B7.1は、B細胞上で発現される共刺激リガンドであり、T細胞表面分子、CD28およびCTLA−4と相互作用することができる。
長期間の保存に供された抗CD22抗体製剤におけるタンパク質凝集に対するメチオニンの効果
この実験は、抗CD22抗体製剤中のタンパク質凝集に対する、メチオニンを添加することの効果を試験することを対象とする(図10参照)。CD22は、2−6−連結シアル酸残基を含むオリゴ糖に結合し、分化の後期の間にB細胞の表面で発現される、135kDのB細胞制限シアロ糖タンパク質である。これは、B細胞活性化において役割を果たし、接着分子として作用するようである。CD22および抗CD22は、白血病、リンパ腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、およびある種の自己免疫状態の治療において有用であると考えられている。
高温での保存に供されたPSGL−Ig製剤におけるタンパク質凝集に対するメチオニンの効果
この実施例は、メチオニンがタンパク質、特に融合タンパク質における凝集を防ぐことができるかどうかの別の説明を提供する。この実験は、P−セレクチン糖タンパク質リガンド−1−免疫グロブリン(PSGL−Ig)融合タンパク質製剤におけるタンパク質凝集に対する、メチオニンを添加することの効果を試験することを対象とした。PSGL−1は、全ての白血球上で構成的に発現される、2つの120kDaのポリペプチド鎖からなる240kDaのホモ二量体である。PSGL−1は、微柔毛の先端上で主に見出される。PSGL−1は、適切な糖で装飾された場合、内皮上でP−セレクチンに結合することができる。
せん断力に供されたPSGL−Ig製剤におけるタンパク質凝集に対するメチオニンの効果
この実施例は、メチオニンによって、せん断力に供されたタンパク質の凝集が減少することを説明する。
暗所中で保存されたREFACTO(商標)タンパク質製剤のタンパク質凝集に対するメチオニンの効果
この実験は、メチオニンがタンパク質における、具体的には組換えタンパク質における凝集を防ぐことができるかどうかのさらに別の実施例を提供する。さらに説明するために、第VIII因子欠損を矯正するために使用される組換え第VIII因子タンパク質であるREFACTO(商標)(図11参照)をこの実験において使用した。
蛍光下で保存されたREFACTO(商標)タンパク質製剤のタンパク質凝集に対するメチオニンの効果
この一連の実験において、蛍光に曝露されたREFACTO(商標)の断片化に対するメチオニンの効果を、1カ月の期間にわたって調査した。
REFACTO(商標)の効力に対するメチオニンの効果
暗所中に維持されたか蛍光に曝露されたかのいずれかのREFACTO(商標)の効力に対するメチオニンの効果を、1カ月の期間にわたって調査した。REFACTO(商標)を、20mMヒスチジンまたは20mMコハク酸塩バッファー中約250IU/mlで、液体として製剤化した。これらの製剤のいくつかはまた、10mMメチオニンまたは10mMクエン酸塩を含んでいた。試料を蛍光または暗所状態に、室温で1カ月間曝露した。
酸化によってrhIL−11の多量体化が低下する
この実験は、IL−11多量体化に対するメチオニン添加の効果を試験することを対象とした。
Claims (30)
- タンパク質製剤中のタンパク質の凝集を減少させるための方法であって、約0.5mM〜約145mMの濃度までメチオニンを製剤に添加することを含み、メチオニンを欠く製剤中のタンパク質と比較して、製剤中のタンパク質の凝集が減少する方法。
- タンパク質製剤が液体製剤または凍結乾燥粉末である、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質が、約0.1mg/ml〜約300mg/mlの濃度である、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質製剤が界面活性物質を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質製剤が、アルギニン、リシン、アスパラギン酸、グリシン、およびグルタミン酸からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質製剤が張性調節物質を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質製剤が糖を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質製剤が、製剤のタンパク質の凝集を減少させる作用物質をさらに含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質凝集がメチオニン酸化の結果でない、請求項1記載の方法。
- 製剤のタンパク質の凝集が、メチオニンを製剤に添加する前および/または添加した後に評価される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 凝集が、SEC−HPLC、AUC、光散乱、およびUV吸光度によって評価される、請求項10記載の方法。
- 凝集が%HMW種によって評価され、メチオニンを欠く製剤中の%HMW種と比較して%HMW種が約30%減少する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 製剤のタンパク質の凝集が、タンパク質製剤にメチオニンを添加してから1週間〜12週間後、またはタンパク質製剤にメチオニンを添加してから1カ月〜36カ月後に評価される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 製剤のタンパク質の凝集が、メチオニンとともにタンパク質製剤を製剤化した後タンパク質製剤を4℃〜50℃の温度で約1週間〜約12週間保存した後に評価される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 製剤のタンパク質の凝集が、メチオニンとともにタンパク質製剤を製剤化した後タンパク質製剤を4℃〜30℃の温度で約1カ月〜約36カ月間保存した後に評価される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 製剤のタンパク質の凝集が、せん断力、保存、高い温度での保存、光への曝露、pH、界面活性物質の存在、およびそれらの組合せの結果である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 約1mM〜25mMの終濃度までメチオニンが製剤に添加される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 製剤が約5.0〜7.0のpHを有する、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質製剤が、クエン酸、コハク酸、ヒスチジン、Tris、およびそれらの組合せからなる群から選択されるバッファーを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 製剤の貯蔵寿命を増大させるか、または製剤の効力を維持する、請求項1記載の方法。
- タンパク質がメチオニン残基を欠くか、または5個未満のメチオニン残基を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- せん断力に供されたタンパク質製剤中のタンパク質の凝集を減少させるための方法であって、約0.5mM〜約145mMの濃度までメチオニンを製剤に添加することを含み、メチオニンを欠く製剤中のタンパク質と比較して、製剤中のタンパク質の凝集が減少する方法。
- せん断力が、振とう、注射器への引き込みおよび精製手順、ならびにそれらの組合せの結果である、請求項22記載の方法。
- 室温で1日を超える製剤の保存後のタンパク質製剤中のタンパク質の効力または生物活性の喪失を減少させる方法であって、約0.5mM〜約145mMの濃度までメチオニンを製剤に添加し、それによって、メチオニンを欠く製剤中のタンパク質と比較して、製剤中のタンパク質の効力または生物活性の喪失を減少させることを含む方法。
- タンパク質製剤が蛍光下で保存される、請求項24記載の方法。
- タンパク質製剤が暗所中で約1カ月間保存される、請求項24記載の方法。
- タンパク質製剤中のタンパク質の凝集を減少させるための方法であって、
(i)約0.5mM〜約145mMの濃度までメチオニンを製剤に添加することと、
(ii)SEC−HPLCによって製剤のタンパク質の%HMWレベルを判定することと
を含み、メチオニンを欠く製剤中のタンパク質と比較して、製剤中のタンパク質の凝集が減少する方法。 - SEC−HPLCによって判定すると約5%未満のHMW種を有するタンパク質製剤を生じる、請求項27記載の方法。
- 抗B7.1抗体、抗B7.2抗体、抗CD22抗体、PSGL−Igおよび第VIII因子、またはそれらの生物活性断片の1つ、ならびに約0.5mM〜50mMメチオニンを含むタンパク質製剤。
- 1〜150mMの、アルギニン、リシン、アスパラギン酸、およびグルタミン酸からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸をさらに含む、請求項29記載の製剤。
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101420972A (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
| CA2646934A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| EP1996221A2 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| MX2008011888A (es) | 2008-09-29 |
| RU2008137634A (ru) | 2010-04-27 |
| KR20080108554A (ko) | 2008-12-15 |
| CR10290A (es) | 2008-11-26 |
| NO20083940L (no) | 2008-10-16 |
| WO2007109221A9 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
| AU2007227408A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| BRPI0709059A2 (pt) | 2011-06-21 |
| WO2007109221A2 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| WO2007109221A3 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
| TW200806317A (en) | 2008-02-01 |
| ECSP088758A (es) | 2008-10-31 |
| IL194123A0 (en) | 2011-08-01 |
| AR059964A1 (es) | 2008-05-14 |
| PE20080121A1 (es) | 2008-03-05 |
| US20080064856A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
| CA2646934C (en) | 2014-09-23 |
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