JP2009213240A - Frequency control system of power system, power feeding place, and electrical apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a frequency control system of a power system capable of increasing the amount of connection of a power generation device using renewable energy to the power system by expanding the adjustment capacity for frequency control of the power system. To do.
A frequency control system for a power system according to the present invention includes at least one power plant, a power station, a number of electrical devices, a frequency meter, and a power system that connects these power stations. The station compares the frequency detected by the frequency meter with the rated frequency of the power system, generates a supply and demand information signal for transmitting an excess power supply or an insufficient power supply, and a wide area communication means A power supply / demand information transmission unit that transmits a supply / demand information signal, and the electrical device includes a supply / demand information reception unit that receives the supply / demand information signal via a wide-area communication means, and the power consumption of the electrical device according to the supply / demand information signal. And a power control unit for controlling the amount.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for controlling the frequency of a power system in a facility that supplies commercial power.

In recent years, renewable energy has been actively utilized from the viewpoint of effective utilization of fossil fuel resources and suppression of CO ₂ emissions. Renewable energy is an energy source or energy generated by a natural phenomenon, and is called as such because it can be repeatedly regenerated and reused by a natural phenomenon even if it is used. Examples of renewable energy include the sun, wind, water, waves, geothermal heat, and biomass that exist in nature. On the other hand, non-renewable energy (source) such as fossil fuel resources is called exhaustible energy (source).

Among the above-mentioned renewable energies, solar energy and wind energy are particularly promising. These renewable energies are solar power generation (device) that generates electricity by converting sunlight into electrical energy using solar cells, and wind power generation (device) that generates power by turning a propeller with wind power and turning the generator with its rotational force. It is used in the form. And not only the generated electric power is supplied to a load in a consumer, but also connected to an electric power system and sold to an electric power company. Therefore, power generation using such renewable energy can contribute to effective utilization of fossil fuel resources and reduction of CO ₂ emissions.

  The above power generation apparatus has begun to spread to consumers such as general households. For this reason, in addition to large-capacity generators (power plants) such as nuclear power, thermal power, and hydropower of electric power companies, the power generators with a relatively small capacity are connected to the power system. . In particular, from the viewpoint of environmental protection in recent years, it is considered that the power generation apparatus will continue to spread at an accelerated rate. The national policy also calls for the promotion of the use of renewable energy, and it is planned to replace renewable energy such as wind power up to about 20% of the total power supply.

  By the way, power supply has a public interest as a lifeline. For example, when an error of about 1 Hz occurs with respect to the rated frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz), a malfunction such as malfunction occurs in the consumer device. For this reason, electric power companies need to suppress fluctuations in the frequency and voltage of the supplied power and supply stable high-quality power.

  Among the fluctuations in the frequency and voltage of the power system described above, the voltage fluctuation is controlled by various voltage control devices at the power generation end that is a connection terminal of the generator and each part of the power system. However, as a means for adjusting the frequency fluctuation, there is currently only an adjustment of the supply and demand balance between the power generation amount (supply) and the power consumption (demand) in the power system.

  In portable devices and the like, electricity is stored by a primary battery or a secondary battery, but in the field of strong electricity where a large amount of electricity is handled, it is common sense that “electricity cannot be stored”. Usually, the frequency of the power system maintains a predetermined rated frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) by maintaining a balance between the amount of power generation (supply) and the amount of power consumption (demand). When electricity is insufficiently supplied, the turbine of the power plant is rotated and the frequency of alternating current is reduced. When the supply is excessive, the frequency is increased. Therefore, in order to control the fluctuating frequency within an allowable deviation (allowable range) with respect to the rated frequency, it is necessary to make the power generation amount follow the power consumption amount.

  The electric power system of an electric power company is connected to each generator such as a nuclear power plant, a thermal power plant, and a hydroelectric power plant (including a pumped-storage power plant) to supply power. When the frequency of the power system fluctuates beyond the allowable range of the rated frequency, the power station (central power supply command station) that has detected such fluctuation will cause fluctuations in power consumption (demand fluctuation) of the load connected to the power system. In response, a supply control signal (output increase signal or output decrease signal) is transmitted to each of the generators. Of these generators, nuclear power plants are usually operated at a constant output, but other generators adjust the output based on the supply control signal to control the frequency of the power system. (adjust. By adjusting the output of the generator, the balance between the power generation amount and the power consumption is maintained, and the frequency of the power system is again maintained within the allowable range for the rated frequency.

  Such control means is referred to as frequency control (LFC). The LFC is feedback control corresponding to a demand fluctuation whose frequency fluctuation period is about several minutes to several tens of minutes and whose fluctuation width is not so large. On the other hand, economic load distribution control (EDC) controls output of each generator in response to a large demand fluctuation with a period longer than the demand fluctuation subject to LFC. . EDC is feedforward control for dealing with large but slow demand fluctuations of a period of more than ten minutes.

  The above-mentioned LFC and EDC are called “supply / demand control” in practice, and the operation amount (output amount) for these controls is calculated by a computer at the power supplier's power station (central power supply command station) in principle. . In such supply and demand control, when the output of the generator is adjusted by the LFC, as a result, the output sharing of the generator having high responsiveness, that is, the response speed to the supply control signal is fast and the output changing speed is fast increases. In general, hydroelectric power generation has a high response speed, and thermal power generation has a high response speed. Therefore, since the output distribution of each generator is not necessarily economical, the readjustment of the output distribution is performed by EDC.

  As a control means other than the above LFC and EDC, there is governor control. Governor control supports small demand fluctuations with a period of several minutes shorter than the demand fluctuation subject to LFC, and is automatically controlled by the GF (governor free) function provided in each generator. The output of the generator is controlled. Thus, at present, the frequency of the power system is maintained by a combination of EDC (Economic load Dispatching Control), LFC (Load Freuency Control), and governor control.

As the above frequency control technique, for example, in Patent Document 1, priority is set for each generator based on the control characteristics and control state of the generator, and power control required amounts are assigned in order from the highest priority. Thus, a generator control method that can quickly respond to fluctuations in power demand is disclosed. As a result, it is supposed that a generator with high LFC adjustment capability or an economically advantageous generator can be used to the maximum, and a rational and efficient generator operation can be performed.
JP 2001-86649 A

  However, power generation using renewable energy has a problem that the power generation amount (output) varies greatly depending on the weather and time zone. For example, in solar power generation, the output fluctuates depending on the sunlight conditions and position of the sun, and in wind power generation, the wind strength changes from moment to moment depending on the speed and direction of the wind. It will fluctuate. That is, it can be said that renewable energy can be controlled to reduce supply, but control to increase supply is difficult and difficult to control. When a power generator whose output varies greatly as described above is connected to the power system, it is conceivable that the power supply amount varies greatly regardless of the power demand due to the fluctuation of the output supplied from the power generator.

  Here, the frequency adjustment capability in the power system, that is, the adjustment capacity for frequency control becomes a problem. As described above, in the power system, when the frequency fluctuates beyond the allowable range with respect to the rated frequency, the balance between the power generation amount and the power consumption amount in the power system must be adjusted.

  However, since the power generation amount of the generator is limited, there is a limit to the output amount used for adjustment, that is, the adjustment capacity. Therefore, when the frequency fluctuation is extremely large, there is a possibility that it is impossible to control the frequency within the allowable range with respect to the rated frequency even with the adjustment capacity of all the generators connected to the power system. is there. Such a problem of the adjustment capacity for frequency control cannot be solved even by the frequency control technique according to Patent Document 1 described above.

  In particular, the output of a power generator that uses renewable energy is likely to fluctuate. When the power generator is connected to a power system in large quantities due to the recent promotion of the use of renewable energy, It is assumed that the adjustment capacity of the generator connected to the grid will be exceeded. As a result, there is a possibility that the frequency of the power system cannot be controlled within an allowable range with respect to the rated frequency.

However, in order to promote the effective use of fossil fuel resources and the suppression of CO ₂ emissions, the use of renewable energy should be further promoted. For this reason, even if a large number of generators that use renewable energy are connected to the power system, the adjustment capacity for frequency control in the power system can be controlled so that the frequency of the power system can be controlled within the allowable range for the rated frequency. Needs to be expanded.

  In view of such a problem, the present invention expands the adjustment capacity for frequency control in the power system, thereby increasing the connection amount of the power generation device using the renewable energy to the power system. It aims at providing the frequency control system of a system.

  In order to solve the above problems, a typical configuration of a frequency control system for an electric power system according to the present invention includes at least one power plant, a power station, a large number of electrical devices, a frequency meter, and these. The power station compares the frequency detected by the frequency meter with the rated frequency of the power system, and generates a supply and demand information signal for transmitting an excess power supply or an insufficient power supply. A supply and demand information transmission unit that transmits a supply and demand information signal through a wide area communication means, and the electrical equipment receives a supply and demand information signal through a wide area communication means, and the received supply and demand information And a power control unit that controls power consumption of the electrical device in accordance with the signal.

  According to the above configuration, when the frequency in the power system fluctuates beyond an allowable range with respect to the rated frequency, the supply / demand information receiving unit of the electrical device receives the supply / demand information signal from the power supply station via the wide area communication means. By using the wide area communication means, it is possible to transmit the supply and demand information signal to a large number of electric appliances that are widely used by the consumer at a time. Here, a large number is assumed to be several thousands or several tens of thousands.

  Then, the power control unit of the electric device determines whether to supply power to the power system or to consume power of the power system in order to adjust the fluctuation according to the supply and demand information signal. In addition, the power consumption of the electrical device can be controlled. The power adjustment capacity of each electrical device is insignificant, but a large number of electrical devices operate in a direction that adjusts the power all at once, enough to absorb fluctuations in the power generation amount of the power system, A large power adjustment capacity can be obtained.

  The power plant described above may include a power generator that generates power using renewable energy.

In the present invention, since the adjustment capacity for frequency control of the power system is large, the frequency of the power system can be stably controlled even when a power generation device that generates power using renewable energy is connected to the power system. Is possible. Therefore, utilization of renewable energy can be promoted, effective utilization of fossil fuel resources and suppression of CO ₂ emission can be promoted, thereby contributing to environmental protection.

  The above-described many electrical devices further include a secondary battery, and when the supply and demand information signal received by the supply and demand information reception unit indicates an insufficient power supply amount, the power control unit is charged to the secondary battery. It is good to supply electric power to the electric power system.

  With the above configuration, by supplying power charged in the secondary battery of the electric device, it can be used as an adjustment capacity for frequency control in the power system. Therefore, the adjustment capacity for frequency control in the power system can be expanded. In addition, the electric device that has received the supply and demand information signal is controlled by the power control unit and supplies power to the power system, so that no user operation is required and the user's labor can be reduced.

  Said secondary battery is good in it being a secondary battery mounted in the electric vehicle.

  The charging capacity of a secondary battery mounted on an electric vehicle is prominently large among secondary batteries that are widely used as consumer products. In recent years, electric vehicles have been actively developed, and the number of popular vehicles tends to increase remarkably instead of conventional vehicles using engines. For this reason, the total charge capacity of the secondary batteries installed in all of the popular electric vehicles is enormous, and is expected to be equivalent to several tens of percent of the daily consumption of the power system. The Therefore, the adjustment capacity for frequency control in the power system can be greatly expanded by connecting the secondary battery of the electric vehicle to the power system and using it as the adjustment capacity for frequency control of the power system. .

  For example, when there is an excessive power supply in the power system, the excessive power can be consumed by connecting the secondary battery of the electric vehicle to the power system and charging the secondary battery. On the contrary, when the power supply is insufficient in the power system, the power that is insufficient in the power system can be compensated by supplying the power charged in the secondary battery to the power system.

  The supply and demand information signal may include at least one piece of information on frequency fluctuation range, regional requirement, time difference, and excess / deficiency for each frequency component. Here, the regional requirement amount is a difference between the demand amount and the supply amount of power, which is caused by the imbalance between the supply and demand of power in the power system. In the power system, when the power is insufficiently supplied, the value of the local requirement amount is positive, and when the power is excessively supplied, the value is negative.

  With this configuration, it is possible to provide more information to the electrical device that has received the supply and demand information signal, and the power control unit can more appropriately control the power consumption of the electrical device according to the information. Become. For example, by including an area requirement (AR) in the supply and demand information signal, the power control unit of the electrical device controls not only the supply and demand information of power required in the power system but also the frequency in the power system. Therefore, it is possible to recognize the amount of power required for this purpose. Therefore, the power control unit can more appropriately control the power consumption of the electric device according to the information.

  The wide-area communication means may be one or more means selected from the group consisting of radio broadcasting such as television, radio and radio clock, Internet communication network such as ADSL and FTTH, and power line communication.

  As described above, by using the existing communication infrastructure, it is possible for the electric device to receive the supply and demand information signal without constructing a new communication means.

  A typical configuration of a power station according to the present invention is a power station connected to at least one power plant and a large number of electric devices by a power system, and detects the frequency of the power system and detects the power system frequency. Compares the measured frequency with the rated frequency of the power system, generates a supply and demand information signal for transmitting excessive power supply or insufficient power supply, and broadcasts the supply and demand information signal to a large number of electrical devices via wide-area communication means It is characterized by doing.

  The power supply station having the above-described configuration can distribute a reception information signal to a large number of electric devices that are widely used by consumers. As a result, an unspecified number of electrical devices can be operated to absorb fluctuations in the power system. The component corresponding to the technical idea in the frequency control system of an electric power system mentioned above and its description are applicable also to the said electric power feeding station. Broadcast transmission refers to transmission of information to an unspecified number of other parties in a wide area communication network.

  A typical configuration of an electrical device according to the present invention is an electrical device that is adjustable in duty and is connected to at least one power plant and a power station by a power system, and has an excessive power supply or The supply / demand information signal for transmitting the shortage of power supply is received from the power supply station through the wide-area communication means, and the duty of the electrical device is maintained while maintaining the operation type of the electrical device according to the received supply / demand information signal. It is characterized by controlling the power consumption of the electric equipment by adjusting.

  The electrical device having the above-described configuration can operate to receive a supply and demand information signal from the above-described system and absorb fluctuations in the power system. The component corresponding to the technical idea in the frequency control system of an electric power system mentioned above and its description are applicable also to the said electric equipment. Here, the operation type of the electric device is, for example, an open / close state of an electric circuit of the electric device, that is, whether or not the electric device is turned on. In addition, the operation type includes an operation state of the electric device such as whether the electric device is in operation or in standby.

  The duty is an operating state of the electric device. For example, in an air conditioner, the set temperature can be set to an arbitrary temperature within the set range. As another example, it is possible to switch power consumption modes such as street lights and home lighting, normal mode and power saving mode with a duty-controlled continuous dimming lighting fixture that can be finely adjusted to the desired illuminance Monitor.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a frequency control system for a power system capable of increasing the amount of connection of a power generator using renewable energy to the power system by expanding the adjustment capacity for frequency control in the power system. can do.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a frequency control system for a power system according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining the configuration of the power supply station and the electrical equipment according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the frequency control system of the power system is referred to as “frequency control system 100”. The frequency control system 100 includes at least one or more power plants 110, a power station 120, a large number of electrical devices 130, a frequency meter 104, and a power system 102 that connects these.

  The electric power system 102 is a collection of electric power facilities in which the power plant 110, the power feeding station 120, the electric device 130, the frequency meter 104, and the like are connected. The power system 102 normally maintains a predetermined rated frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz). However, if the balance between the power generation amount (supply) and the power consumption amount (demand) is lost, the frequency will fluctuate. And, in order to control the fluctuating frequency within the deviation (allowable range) allowed with respect to the rated frequency, it is necessary to make the electric power generation amount follow the electric power consumption amount or make the electric power consumption follow the electric power generation amount. There is.

  As described above, when the frequency of the power system 102 fluctuates beyond the allowable range of the rated frequency, at present, the electric utility is combined with EDC (Economic load Dispatching Control), LFC (Load Freuency Control), and governor control. The frequency of the electric power system 102 is adjusted by adjusting the output of the power plant. In this way, by managing the power system 102, it is possible to supply power to consumers at an appropriate frequency.

  The frequency in the power system 102 described above is detected by the frequency meter 104. The detected frequency is transmitted to the power supply station 120 through a telecommunication network or the like.

  The power plant 110 generates power to be supplied to consumers in a power generation facility. Examples of power plants that generate a large amount of power by an electric power company include a hydroelectric power plant 110a, a thermal power plant 110b, and a nuclear power plant 110c.

  The hydroelectric power plant 110a uses the water of a river or a lake, converts the potential energy of the water into electric energy, and generates power. In general, the power generation turbine is rotated by the power of water. Hydroelectric power generation does not require fossil fuel resources and the like, and is excellent in terms of reducing environmental impact.

  In addition, the majority of hydroelectric power plants 110a, excluding some inflow-type hydropower plants, can easily control the flow rate of water mainly by opening the input valve to the turbine, so the output can be adjusted easily. Is possible. Therefore, the majority of the hydroelectric power plants 110 a are also responsive to supply control signals and perform frequency control with priority in the power system 102.

  However, the ratio of the amount of electric power generated by the hydroelectric power plant 110 a is low in the absolute amount of electric power in the entire electric power system 102, and the hydroelectric power plant 110 a may be stopped depending on the operation status of the electric power system 102. . Therefore, it is difficult to perform frequency control only with the hydroelectric power plant 110a. This tendency is particularly noticeable on holidays and nights when demand decreases.

  In the thermal power plant 110b, fossil fuel resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas are burned in a boiler, and a turbine generator is rotated by a steam turbine, a gas turbine, or a combined power generation thereof to generate electric power. Due to such a power generation method, the thermal power generation 110b has the second highest output adjustment speed and the response speed to the supply control signal after the hydroelectric power station 110a. Therefore, in particular, when the hydroelectric power station 110a that greatly contributes to frequency control is stopped and the hydroelectric power station 110a alone cannot secure the frequency control capacity, most of the frequency control is performed by thermal power generation. 110b is responsible.

  In the nuclear power plant 110c, a fuel such as uranium or plutonium undergoes a fission reaction in a nuclear reactor, and steam is generated by heat generated at this time, and the turbine of the generator is rotated by the steam. And this rotational energy is converted into electric power and is generated. Since the nuclear power plant 110c operates continuously with a constant output, it does not participate in frequency control of the power system 102.

The wind power generation device 110d and the solar power generation device 110e are power generation devices with a small amount of power generation as a power plant as compared with the hydroelectric power plant 110a, thermal power plant 110b, and nuclear power plant 110c by the above-mentioned electric power company. The wind power generator 110d and the solar power generator 110e generate power using renewable energy. By generating electricity with such a power generator using renewable energy, it is possible to contribute to effective utilization of fossil fuel resources and reduction of CO ₂ emissions.

  In the wind power generator 110d, a windmill (propeller) is rotated by wind power that is renewable energy, and the generator is rotated by the rotational force to generate power. The wind power generator 110d has an energy conversion rate of 40%, which is a power generation method with excellent energy conversion efficiency. However, since the wind strength changes from moment to moment depending on the speed and direction of the wind, there is a problem that the output of the wind power generator 110d greatly fluctuates accordingly.

  In the solar power generation device 110e, the photovoltaic effect of a silicon semiconductor solar cell is used to directly convert sunlight, which is a renewable energy, into electric energy to generate power. In recent years, the solar power generation device 110e has been widely spread to consumers such as ordinary households. Also in this embodiment, as an installation example of the solar power generation device 110e, it is installed on the roof portion of the customer's house 150 as shown in FIG. Thus, the electric power generated by the solar power generation device 110e installed in the customer's house 150 is not only supplied to the load in the customer but also connected to the electric power system 102 and sold to the electric power company. However, the solar power generation device 110e has a drawback in that its output fluctuates depending on the solar sunshine conditions and position.

As described above, the power generation method using renewable energy can be said to be an excellent power generation method from the viewpoint of environmental protection because it can effectively use fossil fuel resources and suppress CO ₂ emissions. However, since the amount of renewable energy varies depending on the weather and time zone, the output also varies greatly accordingly. Therefore, when a power generation device using renewable energy, whose output is likely to fluctuate, is connected to the power system 102, there is a concern that the output fluctuation of the power generation device may affect the frequency and voltage of the power system 102. .

  The power station 120 centrally manages information on the amount of power generated by each power plant 110 and information on the power consumption of consumers. The power supply station 120 compares the frequency detected by the frequency meter 104 with the rated frequency, and transmits a supply and demand information generation unit 124 that generates a supply and demand information signal for transmitting an excess power supply or an insufficient power supply, and a supply and demand information signal. The supply and demand information transmission unit 126 is provided.

  In the frequency control system 100, first, the frequency meter 104 detects the frequency of the electric power system 102 and transmits such frequency information to the feeding station 120. Then, the supply and demand information generation unit 124 of the power station 120 compares the detected frequency with the rated frequency. As a result of the comparison, when the frequency of the power system 102 fluctuates beyond the allowable range of the rated frequency, the frequency is adjusted. When the detected frequency exceeds the allowable range of the rated frequency, the supply and demand information generation unit 124 generates a supply and demand information signal for transmitting an excessive power supply or an insufficient power supply according to the detected frequency. Then, the supply and demand information transmission unit 126 transmits the supply and demand information signal to the electrical device 130 via the wide area communication means.

  Here, as the above-mentioned wide area communication means, it is possible to select one or more from wireless broadcasting such as television, radio, radio clock, Internet communication network such as ADSL and FTTH, and power line communication. As described above, by using the means mounted on the electric device 130, the electric device 130 can receive the supply and demand information signal without constructing a new communication means. In the present embodiment, the Internet communication network 140 is used as an example of the wide area communication means.

  The Internet communication network 140 connects the power supply station 120 and a large number of electrical devices 130. As a result, it is possible to transmit and receive supply and demand information signals from the power supply station 120 to a large number of electrical devices 130.

  The supply and demand information signal may include at least one piece of frequency fluctuation range, regional requirement amount, time difference, and excess / deficiency for each frequency component. Thereby, more information can be provided to the electrical device 130 that has received the supply and demand information signal. For example, by acquiring the frequency fluctuation range, the electric device 130 can significantly reduce the power consumption if the frequency is reduced by a large width. By acquiring the regional requirement amount, the range of the adjustment amount of the power consumption can be adjusted. By acquiring the time difference, the timing for adjusting the power consumption can be adjusted. By acquiring the excess or deficiency for each frequency component, it is possible to adjust the frequency at the time of supply from the electrical device. That is, it becomes possible to more appropriately control the power consumption of the electric device 130 in accordance with such information.

  Further, in conventional frequency control other than the above, the power station 120 transmits a supply control signal to the power plant, and the generators other than the nuclear power plant perform output adjustment based on the supply control signal, and Control (adjust) the frequency. Such a control means is referred to as frequency control (LFC). Conventionally, in addition to the LFC, the frequency of the power system 102 is controlled within the allowable range for the rated frequency by adjusting the output amount of the power plant by combining EDC (Economic load Dispatching Control) and governor control. is doing.

  The electric device 130 is a general term for mechanical devices that generate, store, transmit, transform, and use electricity. The electrical device 130 includes a supply and demand information receiving unit 132 that receives the supply and demand information signal via a wide-area communication unit, and a power control unit 134 that controls the power consumption of the electrical device 130 according to the received supply and demand information signal. .

  When the frequency of the power system 102 fluctuates beyond the allowable range of the rated frequency, the supply / demand information signal generated by the supply / demand information generation unit 124 of the power station 120 is transmitted from the supply / demand information transmission unit 126 of the power station 120 via the wide area communication means. It is transmitted and received by the supply and demand information receiving unit 132 of the electrical device 130. Then, according to the supply and demand information signal, the power control unit 134 determines whether the power consumption should be suppressed or the performance of the device may be exhibited in order to adjust the fluctuation, and the electric device 130 Control power consumption. Thereby, the operation by the user is unnecessary, and the power consumption can be adjusted without being conscious.

  The electrical device 130 may further include a secondary battery 136. Thereby, when the supply and demand information receiving unit 132 of the electrical device 130 receives the supply and demand information signal, the power control unit 134 is charged to the secondary battery 136 when the supply and demand information signal indicates an insufficient power supply amount. Can be supplied to the power system. Therefore, the electric power charged in the secondary battery 136 can be used as an adjustment capacity for frequency control in the power system 102, and the adjustment capacity can be expanded.

  In the present embodiment, among the electric devices 130 described above, as an example of the electric device 130 that operates using electricity, an air conditioner 130a, a refrigerator 130b, an electric vehicle 130c, and a heat storage device 130d installed in a customer's house 150 are used. Other examples include lighting in public places such as street lights, stations, and parks, and lighting and air conditioning in large-scale facilities such as shopping streets. These operate by using power supplied from the power system 102 to the customer's house 150.

In particular, the number of popular electric vehicles 130c has increased due to the effective use of fossil fuel resources and the promotion of CO ₂ emission suppression in recent years. The electric vehicle 130c includes a secondary battery 136 mainly composed of a lithium ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, or a NiCd battery as a power source. The secondary battery 136 mounted on the electric vehicle 130c has a much larger charging capacity than the secondary battery 136 mounted on home appliances and the like. Therefore, the total amount of charge capacity of the secondary batteries 136 of all the popular electric vehicles 130c becomes a huge amount, and by using the charge capacity as an adjustment capacity for frequency control of the power system, The adjustment capacity for frequency control can be greatly expanded.

  For example, when the power supply in the power system 102 is excessive, the electric vehicle 130c is connected to the charging device 150a installed in the customer's house 150, thereby connecting to the power system 102 and charging the secondary battery 136. By doing so, the excessive electric power in the electric power system 102 can be consumed without waste. On the contrary, when the power supply in the power system 102 is insufficient, the power stored in the secondary battery 136 is supplied to the power system 102 to supplement the power system 102 with power.

  The heat storage device 130d is an electric device 130 that uses electric power to generate heat by a heater, stores the heat in a heat storage body, and uses the stored heat. For example, in a heat storage type heater, the generated heat is stored as heating heat in a heat storage body such as a brick, and the room is warmed using the heating heat. The heat storage device 130d cannot store electric power, but if the power supply in the power system 102 is excessive, the excessive heat is consumed to generate heat and the heat is stored in the heat storage body. It can be used.

  The air conditioner 130a, the refrigerator 130b, and the heat storage device 130d do not include the secondary battery 136. This is because the electric device 130 is difficult to move and used, and the electric device 130 has a fixed place of use.

  In the present embodiment, the fuel cell 130e is taken as an example of the electric device 130 that generates electricity from the electric device 130 described above. The fuel cell 130e generates electricity by chemically reacting oxygen and hydrogen, that is, converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a NAS battery 130f is taken as an example of the electrical device 130 that stores electricity. The NAS battery 130f is a secondary battery using liquid sodium, liquid sulfur, and special ceramics. The NAS battery 130f has no self-discharge and has a power storage capacity about three times that of a lead storage battery. For example, when the power supply in the power system 102 is excessive, the power is stored in the NAS battery, and when the power supply in the power system 102 is insufficient, the stored power is supplied to the power system. Depending on usage, it can be used for frequency adjustment in the power system. Further, as described above, the NAS battery 130f is the electric device 130 and the secondary battery 136 itself.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the frequency control system in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the electric device 130 will be described as an electric vehicle 130 c including a secondary battery 136.

  In the frequency control system, first, the frequency meter 104 detects the frequency of the electric power system 102 and transmits the frequency information to the feeding station 120 (S200). Next, the supply and demand information generation unit 124 of the power station 120 compares the detected frequency with the rated frequency (S202). Then, the supply and demand information generation unit 124 determines whether or not the detected frequency exceeds an allowable range (deviation) allowed for the rated frequency (S204).

  When the detected frequency exceeds the allowable range (deviation) allowed for the rated frequency, the supply and demand information generation unit 124 generates a supply and demand information signal for transmitting an excessive power supply in the power system 102. (S206). Then, the power supply station 120 transmits the supply / demand information signal to the electric vehicle 130c via the Internet communication network 140 by the supply / demand information transmission unit 126 (S208).

  The electric vehicle 130c receives the supply and demand information signal transmitted from the power station 120 at the supply and demand information receiving unit 132 via the wide area communication means (S210). Then, the power control unit 134 of the electric vehicle 130c starts charging the secondary battery 136 of the electric vehicle 130c according to the supply and demand information signal (S212). Thereby, the electric vehicle 130c consumes excessive electric power in the electric power system 102, and can contribute to frequency control in the electric power system 102.

  As a result of the determination of the supply and demand information generation unit 124 (S204), if the detected frequency does not exceed the allowable range (deviation) allowed for the rated frequency, the supply and demand information generation unit 124 allows the frequency to be allowed. It is determined whether it is less than the range (S214). When the frequency is less than the allowable range, the supply and demand information generation unit 124 generates a supply and demand information signal for transmitting the shortage of power supply in the power system 102 (S216). Then, the power supply station 120 transmits the supply / demand information signal to the electric vehicle 130c via the Internet communication network 140 by the supply / demand information transmission unit 126 (S218).

  The electric vehicle 130c receives the supply and demand information signal transmitted from the power station 120 at the supply and demand information receiving unit 132 via the wide area communication means (S220). Then, the power control unit 134 of the electric vehicle 130c starts supplying the electric power charged in the secondary battery 136 of the electric vehicle 130c to the power system according to the supply and demand information signal (S222). As a result, the electric vehicle 130 c can supply power that is insufficient in the power system 102 and contribute to frequency control in the power system 102.

  If the detected frequency is not less than the allowable range as a result of the determination by the supply and demand information generation unit 124 (S214), the frequency adjustment is not necessary for the frequency, and thus the series of operations is terminated. In addition, after the start of charging (S212) and after the start of power supply (S222), the series of operations is ended. Then, the frequency control system 100 returns to the start, detects the frequency in the power system 102 at all times or intermittently at a predetermined interval, and controls the frequency within a deviation (allowable range) allowed with respect to the rated frequency. To do.

  As described above, by using the electric device 130 including the secondary battery 136 as the electric device 130, the charging capacity of the secondary battery 136 and the power charged in the secondary battery 136 are converted into the power system. It can be used as an adjustment capacity for frequency control. In addition, since the power control unit 134 of the electronic device 130 determines the supply of power to the power system or the power consumption of the power system in accordance with the supply and demand information signal, no user operation is required, and the user's labor is reduced. Can be reduced.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the frequency control system in the second embodiment. Here, in the second embodiment, the electric device 130 that operates by receiving the supply and demand information signal is the electric device 130 that does not include the secondary battery 136, and an air conditioner 130a is given as an example of the electric device 130. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the part which overlaps with the said 1st Example, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The air conditioner 130a receives the supply and demand information signal at the supply and demand information receiving unit 132 (S210). Then, the power control unit 134 of the air conditioner 130a increases the power consumption of the air conditioner 130a according to the supply and demand information signal (S224). For example, when the outside air temperature outside the customer's house 150 is 30 ° C. and the set temperature of the air conditioner 130a in the customer's house 150 is 27 ° C., the power control unit 134 changes the set temperature of the air conditioner 130a to 25 ° C. Thereby, the air conditioner 130a consumes excessive electric power in the power system 102 in order to set the room temperature in the customer's house 150 to 25 ° C. Therefore, it can contribute to frequency control in the power system 102.

  In addition, the air conditioner 130a receives the supply and demand information signal at the supply and demand information receiving unit 132 (S220). Then, the power control unit 134 of the air conditioner 130a reduces the power consumption of the air conditioner 130a according to the supply and demand information signal (S226). For example, when the outside air temperature outside the customer's house 150 is 10 ° C. and the set temperature of the air conditioner 130a in the customer's house 150 is 25 ° C., the power control unit 134 changes the set temperature of the air conditioner 130a to 23 ° C. Thereby, the air conditioner 130a can reduce the power consumption for heating the room temperature in the customer's house 150. Therefore, it can contribute to frequency control in the power system 102.

  As described above, when the electric device 130 that does not include the secondary battery 136 is used as the electric device 130, the power control unit 134 controls the power consumption of the electric device 130 according to the supply and demand information signal. Thereby, it can contribute to the adjustment of the supply and demand balance of the electric power generation amount and the electric power consumption for the frequency control in the electric power system. In addition, since the power control unit 134 of the electronic device 130 controls the power consumption of the electronic device 130 according to the supply and demand information signal, no user operation is required, and the user's labor can be reduced. Note that the electric power consumption of the electronic device 130 can also be controlled in the electric device 130 including the secondary battery 136 as described above.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to contribute to the frequency control in the power system by controlling the power consumption of the electric equipment. Moreover, it is possible to use the charging capacity of the secondary battery provided in the electric device and the power charged in the secondary battery as the adjustment capacity for frequency control in the power system. Thereby, since the adjustment capacity | capacitance for frequency control of an electric power grid | system can be expanded, it becomes possible to increase the connection amount of the electric power generating apparatus using the renewable energy to an electric power grid | system.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the causal relationship between the supply and demand information signal from the electric power company and the load adjustment contributing energy (electricity [Wh]) by the load adjustment of the electric device can be clarified. Therefore, by controlling the power consumption of electrical equipment, it is possible to clarify the charge calculation when giving incentives such as discounting electricity charges to consumers who have performed load leveling and frequency adjustment in the power system. is there. This makes it possible to build a framework for introducing renewable energy throughout society.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a system that controls the frequency of a power system in a facility that supplies commercial power.

It is a block diagram explaining the structure of the frequency control system of the electric power system concerning this embodiment. It is a block diagram explaining the structure of the feed station and electric equipment concerning this embodiment. It is a flowchart explaining the operation | movement of the frequency control system in 1st Example. It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement of the frequency control system in 2nd Example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Frequency control system, 102 ... Electric power system, 104 ... Frequency meter, 110 ... Power plant, 110a ... Hydroelectric power plant, 110b ... Thermal power plant, 110c ... Nuclear power plant, 110d ... Wind power generator, 110e ... Solar power generation Device 120 ... Power supply station 124 ... Supply / demand information generating unit 126 ... Supply / demand information transmitting unit 130 ... Electrical equipment 130a ... Air conditioner 130b ... Refrigerator 130c Electric vehicle 130d ... Heat storage device 130e ... Fuel cell 130f DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... NAS battery, 132 ... Supply-and-demand information receiving part, 134 ... Power control part 136 ... Secondary battery, 140 ... Internet communication network, 150 ... Consumer house, 150a ... Charging apparatus

Claims (8)

Comprising at least one power plant, a power station, a number of electrical devices, a frequency meter, and a power system connecting them,
The power station is
A supply and demand information generating unit that compares the frequency detected by the frequency meter with the rated frequency of the power system and generates a supply and demand information signal for transmitting an excessive power supply or an insufficient power supply;
A supply and demand information transmission unit for transmitting the supply and demand information signal via a wide area communication means,
The electrical equipment is
A supply and demand information receiving unit for receiving the supply and demand information signal via a wide area communication means;
A power system frequency control system comprising: a power control unit that controls power consumption of the electrical device in accordance with the received supply and demand information signal.   The power system frequency control system according to claim 1, wherein the power plant includes a power generation device that generates power using renewable energy. The multiple electrical devices further include a secondary battery,
When the supply and demand information signal received by the supply and demand information reception unit indicates that the amount of power supply is insufficient, the power control unit causes the power charged in the secondary battery to be supplied to the power system. The frequency control system for a power system according to claim 1.   The power system frequency control system according to claim 3, wherein the secondary battery is a secondary battery mounted on an electric vehicle.   2. The frequency control system for a power system according to claim 1, wherein the supply and demand information signal includes at least one information of a frequency fluctuation range, a regional requirement amount, a time difference, and excess / deficiency for each frequency component. .   2. The wide-area communication means is one or more means selected from the group consisting of television, radio, radio broadcasting such as a radio clock, Internet communication networks such as ADSL and FTTH, and power line communication. The frequency control system for the power system described in 1. A power station connected to at least one or more power plants and a number of electrical devices by a power system,
Detecting the frequency of the power grid,
Compare the detected frequency with the rated frequency of the power system,
Generate a supply and demand information signal to communicate excessive or insufficient power supply,
A power supply station characterized in that the supply and demand information signal is broadcasted to the plurality of electrical devices via a wide area communication means. An electric device having adjustable duty and connected to at least one power plant and a power plant by a power system,
A supply and demand information signal for transmitting excessive power supply or power supply shortage is received from the power station via the wide area communication means,
An electric device that controls power consumption of the electric device by adjusting a duty of the electric device while maintaining an operation type of the electric device according to the received supply-demand information signal.

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