JP2009113023A - Instantaneous extinguishing apparatus for garbage and urine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To collect garbage residues at a generation site where no extra transportation cost is required to extinguish the residues at the site without discarding the residues as industrial waste, where various kinds of fermentation microorganisms are used as means therefor to condition the environment, fermentation heat of the garbage itself is generated by the action of the microorganisms, thereby water is extracted therefrom, and simultaneously, the garbage is decomposed into its original forms of water and carbon to extinguish the garbage. <P>SOLUTION: A vertical or horizontal type continuous garbage extinguishing apparatus installs: a pretreatment device having a garbage crushing and liquefying device with a constant water amount maintained in the lower part of a charging port equipped with a magnetic cobbing machine; and a screw conveyor or an agitator for mixing and circulating vegetable residues, mushroom bed, and air in the inside of a fermentation furnace having the mushroom bed made by saw dust mainly containing Japanese cedar, or wood chips where microorganisms such as aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and aeration anaerobic bacteria for absorbing the vegetable residues such as liquefied garbage and urine to promote decomposition, fermentation and extinguishing of them grow. The apparatus can be easily handled even by non-expert persons, different from the conventional garbage composting, or the like, a technique for extinguishing the garbage itself in a very short period of time, and a technique for extinguishing the vegetable residues at sea such as ship and vessel by weight and size reduction are employed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to food residues in the food industry, such as so-called school lunches, restaurants, and other food residues, residues of tea leaves squeezed by mass cultivation, manure excreta as well as edible cattle and dairy cattle excreta, etc. In the back of life and production activities in the living world where food is used as a food source, those residues and excrement are always accompanied by a problem, and at the same time, residue processing becomes a problem. The processing of these food residues and excreta on the ocean has been a major nuisance, especially since the establishment of the international marine dumping ban regulations. The present invention relates to a processing technique that enables processing of these food residues and excrement in a short time without consuming as much energy as possible and extinguishing.

All animals, including humans, need food to sustain their lives or as an energy source. These primary food sources are plant products. Many processed foods can be found in the modern market, but for example cheese and bread are also the result of processing agricultural products that are produced in large quantities, and have grown from pasture and corn as food sources. It is also a by-product of dairy cows and pigs. These plant products have gradually increased their use not only as animal energy sources for food but also as natural heat energy sources instead of oil and coal. On the other hand, oil and coal as mineral energy sources have been responsible for the rapid development of today's world as the blood of industry since the industrial revolution. However, these mineral resources will not be regenerated, and eventually will be depleted energy sources. In addition, when used as a fuel as a heat energy source, combustion requires a large amount of oxygen and naturally emits a large amount of carbon dioxide. For example, when 1 kg of coal is burned, about 2 kg of carbon dioxide is generated and about twice as much carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide gas) is emitted. It can be said that it is the root of all evil.

Plants can be permanently remanufactured, and planned mass production is possible. Certainly, even in the case of plants, carbon dioxide is emitted in the same way in the case of heat conversion. However, in the case of plants, the emission is 1: 1, that is, the same amount of carbon dioxide as the amount consumed in the process of plant growth. In addition to emitting carbon, oxygen is also supplied during the growth process, making a great contribution to the environment in response to global warming. In less than 200 years since the Industrial Revolution, mankind has polluted the earth very much, but the primitive earth where not only the animals but also the plants could not survive was Thanks to this, a large amount of oxygen, which can be said to be the greatest factor in human survival, has been generated, and humanity has grown and today's civilized society has been formed.

However, these plants that have contributed greatly to the improvement of the global environment are also discarded as residues, and when they start to rot on swamps and damp ground, the so-called decomposed gas is about 4 to 5 times the amount of cracked gas compared to normal thermal energy conversion. Methane is generated, and a big negative result is caused in terms of global warming. The present invention is a plant that grows from solar heat energy using water and carbon dioxide as raw materials, and is used as a food source for animals including human beings, and has become waste as garbage, so-called The present invention provides a technique for mechanically and efficiently extinguishing plant residues before the above-mentioned spoilage.

Production activities in human society are becoming increasingly mass-produced, but this mass production is accompanied by a large amount of waste. Therefore, apart from the fact that these wastes are effectively used as methane and fuel as thermal energy, they can be left as they are and decay in the wilderness and industrial waste fields, so that they do not change as a source of pollution such as methane. Only in the field, the process of breaking down into water and carbon dioxide and returning it to its original form is mechanically converted into a mechanical device in a short time just as if the plant followed the process generated from water, carbon dioxide and sunlight. Technology is provided.

In the food industry, such as legislation to reduce food residue by 20%, proper disposal law that strictly prohibits the leaving of waste in the dairy cattle industry, or the ordinance of prohibition of ocean dumping, etc. Regulations are becoming increasingly strict. Therefore, the present invention was devised as one of the solutions that should cope with these global trends, and this technique can be easily handled even by an amateur. It is not a technique that requires fertilizer for garbage or other additional materials as in the example of the prior patent 2, but a processing technique using a simpler technique.
Patent Publication 2004-208624 Re-horticulture soil system for household food garbage collection, factory-processed horticultural soil used for the soil, and manufacturing method thereof Patent Publication 2005-296787 Garbage disposal device, agitation decomposition treatment device, and mud fungus bed

The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its purpose is not to dispose of the garbage residue as industrial waste, but to collect it at an occurrence site that does not require an extra freight and extinguish it at that site. As a means for this, various fermentative bacteria are used and the environment is adjusted to produce the heat of fermentation of the garbage itself due to the action of the bacteria, and at the same time the water is dissipated and decomposed into water and carbon dioxide, the original form of garbage. It is for the purpose.

The above problems can be solved by the following means.
1. In order to make garbage residue disappear by heat generated by bacteria, it is necessary to prepare an environment for the growth of the fungus. First, a fungus bed in which the fungus grows is necessary. Have a tip.
2. Next, it is necessary to prevent the bacteria from dying or dormancy in the cold, and to prepare an environment for the bacteria to survive. It is recommended to use a thermal insulation device if there is an electric heater, used factory warm water, warm exhaust gas, or exhaust gas for heating.
3. Next, since the bacteria that are living creatures need to be active, air is required. Therefore, the warm air set at the required temperature is blown, and the hot air is evenly distributed. Equipped with a vertical or horizontal stirrer or screw type stirrer according to the
4. Equipped with carbon dioxide, a so-called gas exhaust tower, and a duct for discharging decomposed water, as a result of the decomposition of raw garbage by fermentation heat,
5. Rotate the stirrer to mix the fungus bed and the garbage put in it. The speed varies depending on the scale, but in any case, it should be less than one revolution per minute at the fastest with a relaxed rhythm. In order to stimulate the fermentation of microorganisms that are living organisms, the rotation is preferably intermittent.
6. In this case, it is preferable that the garbage residue to be introduced is a maximum of 1: 1 or less with respect to the bacterial bed capacity.
7. Stirring of the fungus bed may be carried out by rotating an internal stirrer or by rotating a so-called fermentation furnace main body with blades fixedly provided on the inner surface of the vessel. The shape of the container is not particularly limited as long as the airtightness is maintained, such as a square round shape or a cylindrical shape.
8. The shape of the garbage to be thrown in may be basically the same shape, but if it is pulverized small, the contact surface with the bacteria will increase and the decomposition will be further promoted. If the contact surface is moved, instantaneous continuous processing is possible depending on the size.
9. The power supply for rotation and insulation can be 100V, 3-phase 200V, or a power supply using a generator that uses petroleum as an energy source.
10. When garbage is put into the container inlet equipped with the above and turned on, the garbage is pulverized and liquefied, then mixed with the fungus bed, fermented, decomposed into water and carbon dioxide, 30 minutes long. Even within one hour, the garbage is completely decomposed and disappears. At this time, in order to prevent liquefied garbage from staying and sludge, the bed is moved by a stirrer or screw conveyor.
11. Wood products such as chopsticks and chicken wings in the raw garbage to be thrown in will take time to disassemble and may cause equipment failure in some cases. If possible, separate them beforehand.
12. The shape of the fermenter vessel may be a box shape, a spherical shape, a horizontal shape, or a vertical shape, but the horizontal shape is preferred for mass processing.
13. By making the shape of the main body of the fermentation furnace vertically long, minimizing the installation area and reducing the weight of equipment such as aluminum products, it can be installed on ships with severe restrictions on area and weight, etc. It became clear that it was possible to cope with.

When the disposal of garbage as industrial waste is outsourced, there are many incineration processes, and naturally it contains a large amount of moisture, so the cost of incineration is high. It's a fraction of the cost. Unlike composting and other treatments, zero residue means that there is no extra cost such as freight and the total cost can be less than the disposal cost. It also helped environmental problems such as chemical problems. In particular, it was proved that the plant residue in the ship on the ocean disappears without incineration in response to the problem of prohibition of ocean dumping.

The instant garbage extinguishing apparatus of the present invention and its embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solid horizontal continuous batch type of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical continuous instantaneous garbage extinguishing device. A horizontal bar 2 is attached so that the size can be selected in advance in order to prevent rough introduction of garbage and accidents by opening the upper hopper loading opening lid 1 When charged from the charging port, the processed product which has been liquefied by the next hydrous mixer 7 is mixed with the lower fungus bed. At this time, in order to operate the mixer smoothly, a constant water level is always maintained in the mixer, and when a certain amount of processed material is charged, the mixer operates for a certain period of time and is automatically dehydrated downward and discharged. The supernatant of the tank 16 is again pumped up 21 and reduced into the mixer. At this time, if the water in the mixer is insufficient, it is automatically supplied from the stop cock 7.

Fermentation furnace material may be made of iron, but if it can be made of stainless steel that is resistant to acid and salt, it is better to use aluminum that has been salt-resistant to reduce weight in ships. The outer periphery preferably has a structure in which the entire surface is surrounded by a heat insulating material or a heat insulating material, but it may be omitted. The embodiment of FIG. 1 is a stainless steel fermentation furnace. About 100 kg of garbage residue sludge is directly input into the fermentation furnace from the input port of the stainless bar 2 provided at the upper front, the input lid is closed and the power is turned on. Then, the raw garbage is pulverized and liquefied by the aquatic mixer 15, and sent to the fermentation furnace main body 23 side, and the stirring and movement of the vegetable matter and the fungus bed such as the raw garbage is started by the slow rotating stirring of the screw conveyor 11 which also serves as stirring. The furnace temperature dropped to 30 degrees close to the outside air temperature (25 degrees at that time), rose to 40 degrees in 30 minutes, rose to 42 degrees in 50 minutes, 43 degrees in the maximum furnace, and 45 degrees in the fungus bed It was rising.

  One hour after operating the fermentation furnace, when the fermentation furnace is opened, there is no waste, no visual residue is found as a result of visual inspection, and there is no residue that appears to be a foreign substance. The weight and the weight of the main body 23 were almost the same as before the introduction. In addition, after the demonstration, the result of enlarging the cedar chip of the fungus bed with a microscope was not the result, but it was naturally included even though it was organic, so the fungus bed was replaced in about 3 months, or the new fungus bed was replaced. Addition has been found to be preferred.

100 kg of fish-based garbage input in the above fermentation furnace demonstration.
Mixer 295W, hot air heater 300W, motor 500W, total power consumption is about 1.1kw.
1.1 kW x basic electricity charge 15 yen / h ≒ 17 yen / 1 kW. That is, 17 yen / h means that the running cost of the disposal cost of 100 kg of garbage is 17 yen / 100 kg. That is, 0.17 yen / kg = 17 yen / ton. When outsourcing industrial waste processing, 20 yen / kg = 20,000 yen / ton is necessary. Compared with these, 0.17: 20 = 17: 2000 Therefore, consider the depreciation of the plant, personnel expenses, etc. Compared with the case of the incineration process, it can be seen that the process can be performed at a running cost of 1/117.
Compared to the incineration processing cost of 10,000 yen / ton (10 yen / kg), 17: 10000 ≒ 1:59, and the processing cost can be reduced to about 1/60. I understand.
In addition, with regard to the exhaust gas, it was proved that a simple deodorization device was installed and there was no abnormality such as odor and smoke, and that it was possible to safely and inexpensively extinguish the fermentation with almost smokeless and odorless exhaust gas.

As described above in detail, the present invention safely and inexpensively eliminates waste trash generated from the disposal of waste garbage that has been both incinerated or disposed of at a high cost. Therefore, the fact that there is no burden of extra costs such as fares that are not related to processing is zero on the spot, which is a groundbreaking and innovative technology and makes a great contribution to the rise of new industries.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a vertical fermentation furnace according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the horizontal fermentation furnace of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, Input box cover 2, Sorting louver 3, Bridge prevention wall 4, Input hopper 5, Magnetic separator 6, Water level controller 7, Stop cock 8, Garbage path 9, Dehydration device 10, Bacteria bed circulation path 11, Screw Conveyor 12, hot air heater 13, drive motor 14, knife gate 15, mixer 16, dewatering tank 17, belt pulley 18, fungus bed 19, rotating belt 21, pumping pump 22, treated product piping 23, fermentation furnace body 24, stirrer

Claims (6)

A pretreatment device equipped with a garbage crushing liquefaction device that maintains a constant amount of water at the bottom of the inlet equipped with a magnetic separator, and absorbs vegetable residues such as liquefied garbage and human waste to promote the disappearance of decomposition fermentation. Mixing plant residue, fungus bed, and air inside a fermentation furnace that has a fungus bed made of sawdust or wood dust based on cedar wood where microorganisms such as aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and facultative anaerobes grow A vertical or horizontal continuous garbage extinguishing device equipped with a screw conveyor or a stirring device for circulation. The continuous garbage elimination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition medium contains an enzyme. The continuous garbage extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a filtration device with a deodorizing catalyst agent for filtering the cracked gas generated in the main body of the fermentation furnace, and an exhaust duct for discharging the cracked gas to the outside. Claims equipped with a heat retaining device using hot water or exhaust gas or a heat retaining device using an electric heater, and a blower that uniformly blows warm air into the container in order to maintain a temperature range of 30 ° C to 60 ° C that promotes the activity of microorganisms. The continuous garbage elimination apparatus of Claim 1 or Claim 2. The continuous heating according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a screw-type or radial-type rotary mixing stirring blade equipped so that the hot air to be blown is mixed evenly with the fungus bed and the processing object inside the fermentation furnace. Disposable garbage disposal device. The continuous garbage extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of fermentation furnaces are arranged in parallel or are arranged so as to automatically operate sequentially, and a large amount of garbage is continuously processed.

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