JP2009189501A - Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily obtain cross-sectional images in two orthogonal directions of a site where a lesion is suspected at the time of interpretation of an ultrasonic image.
SOLUTION: A driving means 8 for scanning an ultrasonic wave by moving a probe 2 along first and second directions X and Y orthogonal to each other; and a probe 2 reflected by a probe P by an ultrasonic scan. Based on the received signal, a first tomogram group along the first direction X and a second tomogram group along the second direction Y are generated, and the first and second tomogram groups are generated. Further, an image generating unit for storing the coordinates, a monitor for displaying the first and second tomographic image groups generated by the image generating unit, and coordinates of a desired tomographic image in the first tomographic image group. And a coordinate corresponding spatially to the coordinates designated by the input device are identified from the second tomographic image group, and a tomographic image including the identified coordinates is identified as the second tomographic image group. Internal memory to be selected and displayed on the monitor Part.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an ultrasound diagnostic apparatus applied to diagnosis of breast diseases, particularly breast cancer screening.

One important factor in breast cancer screening is to scan the breast with ultrasound without omission. This ultrasonic wave is automatically scanned, for example, and the breast can be scanned without omission by setting or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2002-336256 A

  However, even with conventional automatic ultrasound scanning, it is possible to obtain only a B-mode image from only one direction even if it is guaranteed to scan without omissions. There is a problem that the above information cannot be obtained and the scrutinization rate increases.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and the purpose of the present invention is to easily obtain cross-sectional images in two orthogonal directions of a site where a lesion is suspected when an ultrasonic image is interpreted. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that can perform the above.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to an ultrasonic contact that transmits ultrasonic waves to a subject, and ultrasonic waves are moved by moving the ultrasonic contacts in a first direction. Driving means for scanning, and after the scanning, the ultrasonic contact is rotated by a predetermined angle and then moved in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction to scan the ultrasonic wave, and the ultrasonic scanning The first tomogram group along the first direction and the second tomogram group along the second direction based on the signal reflected from the subject and received by the ultrasonic contact Image generating means for generating and storing the first and second tomographic image groups and their coordinates; display means for displaying the first and second tomographic image groups generated by the image generating means; Desired first tomographic image in the first tomographic image group Designation means for designating the coordinates of the second coordinate system and coordinates corresponding spatially to the coordinates designated by the designation means from the second tomographic image group, and a second tomographic image including the identified coordinates And processing means for selecting from the second tomogram group and displaying on the display means.

  According to the present invention, an ultrasound image can be generated in two orthogonal directions without omission, and a high-resolution two-way cross-sectional image can be instantaneously applied to a site suspected to be a lesion during interpretation. Therefore, the diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic efficiency can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 1 includes an apparatus main body 1A, a probe 2 as an ultrasonic contact, an input device 3 as a designation unit, and a monitor 4 as a display unit.

  In the apparatus main body 1A, an ultrasonic transmission unit 11, an ultrasonic reception unit 12, a B-mode processing unit 13, a Doppler processing unit 14, an image generation unit 15 as an image generation means, an image memory 16, an image composition unit 17, and a control A processor (CPU) 18, an internal storage unit 19 as processing means, an interface unit 20, and an optical sensor (not shown) are provided.

  The probe 2 described above generates an ultrasonic wave based on a drive signal from the ultrasonic transmission unit 11 and transmits it to the subject P. The probe 2 includes a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators that convert reflected waves from the subject P into electrical signals, a matching layer provided on the piezoelectric vibrator, and a backing that prevents propagation of ultrasonic waves from the piezoelectric vibrator to the rear. It has materials.

  When ultrasonic waves are transmitted from the probe 2 to the subject P, the transmitted ultrasonic waves are successively reflected by the discontinuous surface of the acoustic impedance of the body tissue and received by the probe 2 as an echo signal. The amplitude of this echo signal depends on the difference in acoustic impedance at the discontinuous surface that is to be reflected. In addition, the echo when the transmitted ultrasonic pulse is reflected by the moving blood flow or the surface of the heart wall depends on the velocity component in the ultrasonic transmission direction of the moving object due to the Doppler effect, and the frequency Receive a shift. The position information of the probe 2 is sent to the storage unit 19 as needed together with the collected data.

  The input device 3 described above is connected to the apparatus main body 1A, and includes various switches for taking various instructions, conditions, and regions of interest (ROI) setting instructions from the operator, and various image quality condition setting instructions into the apparatus main body 1A. It has buttons, a trackball, a mouse, a keyboard and the like. When the operator operates the end button or the freeze button of the input device 3, the transmission / reception of ultrasonic waves is terminated, and the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is temporarily stopped.

  The monitor 4 described above displays various information described later as an image.

  The ultrasonic transmission unit 11 described above has a trigger generation circuit, a delay circuit, a pulsar circuit, and the like (not shown). In the pulsar circuit, a rate pulse for forming a transmission ultrasonic wave is repeatedly generated at a predetermined rate frequency fr Hz (period: 1 / fr second). Further, in the delay circuit, a delay time necessary for focusing the ultrasonic wave into a beam shape for each channel and determining the transmission directivity is given to each rate pulse. The trigger generation circuit applies a drive pulse to the probe 2 at a timing based on this rate pulse.

  The ultrasonic transmission unit 11 has a function capable of instantaneously changing a transmission frequency, a transmission drive voltage, and the like in order to execute a predetermined scan sequence in accordance with an instruction from the control processor 18. In particular, the change of the transmission drive voltage is realized by a linear amplifier type transmission circuit capable of instantaneously switching the value or a mechanism for electrically switching a plurality of power supply units.

  The ultrasonic receiving unit 12 described above has an amplifier circuit, an A / D converter, an adder and the like not shown. The amplifier circuit amplifies the echo signal captured via the probe 2 for each channel. In the A / D converter, a delay time necessary for determining the reception directivity is given to the amplified echo signal, and thereafter, an addition process is performed in the adder. By this addition, the reflection component from the direction corresponding to the reception directivity of the echo signal is emphasized, and a comprehensive beam for ultrasonic transmission / reception is formed by the reception directivity and the transmission directivity.

  The above-described B-mode processing unit 13 receives the echo signal from the ultrasonic transmission unit 11, performs logarithmic amplification, envelope detection processing, and the like, and generates data in which the signal intensity is expressed by brightness.

  The above-described Doppler processing unit 14 performs frequency analysis on velocity information from the echo signal received from the ultrasonic transmission unit 11, extracts blood flow, tissue, and contrast agent echo components due to the Doppler effect, and calculates average velocity, dispersion, power, and the like. Obtain blood flow information for multiple points.

  The image generation unit 15 displays the data signal from the B-mode processing unit 13 on the monitor 4 as a B-mode image in which the intensity of the reflected wave is represented by luminance. At this time, various image filters such as edge enhancement, temporal smoothing, and spatial smoothing are also applied to provide image quality according to user preferences. Further, the image generation unit 15 displays the blood flow information sent from the Doppler processing unit 14 in color on the monitor 4 as an average velocity image, a dispersion image, a power image, and a combination image thereof. Further, the image generation unit 15 converts the scanning line signal sequence of the ultrasonic scan into a scanning line signal sequence of a general video format represented by a television or the like, and generates an ultrasonic diagnostic image as a display image.

  The image generation unit 15 is equipped with a storage memory for storing image data. For example, an operator can call up an image recorded during an examination after diagnosis. Data before entering the image generation unit 15 may be referred to as “raw data”.

  The image memory 16 described above is a memory for storing, for example, an ultrasound image corresponding to a plurality of frames immediately before freezing. By continuously displaying the images stored in the image memory 16 (cine display), an ultrasonic moving image can be displayed.

  The image synthesizing unit 17 synthesizes the image received from the image generating unit 15 together with character information and scales of various parameters, and outputs the synthesized image to the monitor 4 as a video signal.

  The control processor 18 has a function as an information processing apparatus (computer), and is a control means for controlling the operation of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus main body 1A. The control processor 18 reads out a control program for executing image generation / display and the like from the internal storage unit 19 and develops it on its own memory, and executes calculation / control and the like regarding various processes.

  The internal storage unit 19 includes a control program for executing transmission / reception conditions, image generation, and display processing, diagnostic information (patient ID, doctor's findings, etc.), diagnostic protocol, probe position information, body mark generation program, and the like. The data group is stored. Further, it is also used for storing images in the image memory 16 as required. Data in the internal storage unit 19 can be transferred to an external peripheral device via the interface unit 20.

  The interface unit 20 described above is an interface related to the input device 3, the network, and a new external storage device (not shown). Data such as ultrasonic images and analysis results obtained by the apparatus can be transferred to another apparatus via the network by the interface unit 20.

  By the way, the probe 2 described above is moved by a driving means 8 as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 so that ultrasonic waves can be automatically scanned.

  2 is a top view showing the driving means 8, FIG. 3 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a front view thereof.

  The probe 2 and the driving means 8 are disposed in the water in the water tank 5. As shown in FIG. 5, the driving means 8 drives the probe 2 in the first direction X along the plane, the second direction Y orthogonal to the first direction along the plane, and further orthogonal along the vertical plane. Each is moved along the third direction Z.

  The driving means 8 has a moving body 9, and a mounting portion 10 is provided on the upper side of the moving body 9 so as to be movable up and down. The probe 2 is mounted on the mounting unit 10 via the rotation mechanism 25. The mounting portion 10 is moved up and down by forward and reverse rotation of a third drive shaft (screw shaft) 26 provided along the vertical direction. The third drive shaft (screw shaft) 26 is screwed into a part of the mounting portion 10, and the upper and lower portions thereof are rotatably supported by support pieces 26 a and 26 b protruding from one side surface of the moving body 9. Yes.

  A first guide body 27 is provided along the first direction X on the lower side in the water tank 5, and the first guide body 27 is inserted through a substantially central portion of the moving body 9. The movement in the first direction X is guided. Below the first guide body 27, a first drive shaft (screw shaft) 22 is provided in parallel with the first guide body 27. The first drive shaft (screw shaft) 22 is screwed into the lower side of the moving body 9, and both ends are supported by a second guide body 28 described later.

  Both ends of the first guide body 27 are slidably supported by a pair of second guide bodies 28. The pair of second guide bodies 28 are fixedly disposed in parallel with each other along a plane at a predetermined interval, and are disposed in a state orthogonal to the first guide body 27.

  In the vicinity of the second guide body 28, a second drive shaft (screw shaft) 23 is provided in parallel with the first guide body 27. The second drive shaft 23 is screwed into one end portion side of the first guide body 27, and both end portions are supported by the second guide body 28 via the support tool 31.

  The first to third drive shafts 22, 23, and 26 are rotated in forward and reverse directions by a drive source (not shown), and the moving body 9 is moved in the first direction X and the second direction Y by this rotation. At the same time, the mounting portion 10 is moved up and down. The probe 2 is moved in the same direction when the movable body 9 is moved in the first direction X and the second direction Y, and is moved in the vertical direction when the mounting portion 10 is moved up and down. . The operation of the drive source is controlled by operating the input device 3.

  Next, for example, a case where breast cancer screening is performed using the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus configured as described above will be described.

  First, the input device 3 is operated to make the probe 2 face the subject P, and then the probe 2 is moved in the vertical direction according to the size of the subject P to set the initial position. Thereafter, the input device 3 is operated to transmit a drive signal from the ultrasonic transmission unit 11 to the probe 2 and transmit ultrasonic waves from the probe 2. Then, from this state, the input device 3 is operated to rotate the first drive shaft 22 to move the probe 2 along the first direction X as shown in FIG. Thereby, the ultrasonic wave is scanned along the first direction. After this scan, the probe 2 is rotated 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 6B and then moved to the position shown in FIG. After this movement, the second drive shaft 23 is rotated to move the probe 2 in the second direction Y as shown in FIG. Thereby, the ultrasonic wave is scanned along the second direction Y. By moving the probe 2 along the first and second directions X and Y in this way, ultrasonic waves are scanned vertically and horizontally with respect to the subject P.

  The ultrasonic wave scanned with respect to the subject P is reflected from the subject P and received by the probe 2 as an echo signal. The received echo signal is transmitted to the B-mode processing unit 13 via the ultrasonic receiving unit 12. The B-mode processing unit 13 generates data based on the received echo signal, and this data is transmitted to the image generation unit 15 to generate a B-mode image (first and second tomographic image groups). The generated B-mode image (first and second tomographic image groups) is displayed on the monitor 4. In addition, the B-mode images (first and second tomographic image groups) generated by the image generation unit 15 are stored in a storage memory mounted on the image generation unit 15.

  Next, a case where the B-mode images (first and second tomographic image groups) stored in the storage memory of the image generation unit 15 are called and read as described above will be described.

  First, the first tomographic image group stored in the storage memory of the image generation unit 15 is called by operating the input device 3, and this is sequentially displayed on the monitor 4. During interpretation of the displayed first tomographic image, for example, if the image interpreter encounters a first tomographic image 35 suspected of being a lesion as shown in FIG. The coordinates of the first tomographic image 35 are designated. When this designation is made, coordinates corresponding spatially to the designated coordinates are specified from the second tomographic image group by the internal storage unit 19, and the second tomographic image including the specified coordinates is the second tomographic image. A second tomographic image 36 is selected from the tomographic image group and displayed on the monitor 4 in parallel with the first tomographic image 35 as shown in FIG. 9, or in parallel with the first tomographic image 35 as shown in FIG. A second tomographic image 37 is displayed on the screen.

  In order to display the first tomographic image 35 and the second tomographic image 36 (or the first tomographic image 35 and the second tomographic image 37) in two orthogonal directions of the specified region in this way in parallel, Can accurately read the state of the designated site. That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, if both the first and second tomographic images 35 and 36 displayed in parallel on the monitor 4 are displayed in a substantially circular shape, it is determined to be malignant. As shown in FIG. 10, the cross-sectional shape of the first tomographic image 35 displayed in parallel on the monitor 4 is substantially circular, and the cross-sectional shape of the second tomographic image 37 is displayed as a cross-sectional shape elongated in the horizontal direction. If there is a problem, it can be determined that there is no problem.

  Therefore, according to this embodiment, diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic efficiency can be improved, and the required examination rate can be greatly reduced.

  FIG. 11 shows a drive mechanism of the probe 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the component which has a function and a structure substantially the same as the part demonstrated in the above-mentioned 1st Embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the second embodiment, only the probe 2 and the rotation mechanism 25 of the probe 2 are arranged in the water tank 5, and the driving means 8 of the probe 2 is arranged outside the water tank 5, and the moving body 9 and the rotation mechanism are arranged. 25 are integrated through a connecting arm 41.

  Also in the second embodiment, the moving body 9 is moved in the first and second directions X and Y in the same manner as in the first embodiment, so that the probe 2 is moved in two orthogonal directions. The ultrasonic wave can be scanned horizontally and vertically with respect to the subject P by being moved.

  Therefore, similarly to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to easily obtain a cross-sectional image in two directions perpendicular to a site where a lesion is suspected when interpreting a tomographic image, and improve diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic efficiency. Can do.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that is an embodiment of the present invention. The top view which shows the probe and its drive means of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG. The side view which shows the probe of FIG. 2, and its drive means. The front view which shows the probe of FIG. 2, and its drive means. The figure which shows the scanning direction of the ultrasonic wave by the probe of FIG. 2A and 2B show the movement of the probe shown in FIG. 2, in which FIG. 2A shows a state in which the probe has been moved in the first direction from the initial position, and FIG. 2B shows a state in which the probe has been rotated 90 degrees. FIG. 2A and 2B show the movement of the probe shown in FIG. 2, in which FIG. 2A shows a state in which the probe rotated 90 degrees is moved to a predetermined position, and FIG. 2B shows the movement of the probe from the predetermined position in the second direction. FIG. The figure which shows the state where the 1st tomogram obtained by the scan of the 1st direction of the ultrasonic wave by the probe of FIG. 2 was displayed on the monitor. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the first tomogram of FIG. 8 and a second tomogram including coordinates of the first tomogram are displayed in parallel on the monitor. The figure which shows the other example of a display of the 2nd tomogram displayed in parallel with the 1st tomogram of FIG. The figure which shows the drive means of the probe which is other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  P ... subject, 2 ... ultrasonic contact, 3 ... input device (designating means), 8 ... driving means, 4 ... monitor (display means), 5 ... water tank, 15 ... image generating unit (image generating means), 25 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS Rotating mechanism, 27 ... 1st guide body, 28 ... 2nd guide body, 29 ... Internal memory | storage part (processing means), 35 ... 1st tomogram, 36, 37 ... 2nd tomogram.

Claims (4)

An ultrasonic contact that transmits ultrasonic waves to the subject;
The ultrasonic contact is moved in the first direction to scan the ultrasonic wave, and after the scan, the ultrasonic contact is rotated by a predetermined angle and then moved in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. Driving means for moving and scanning ultrasound;
A first tomographic image group along the first direction and a second along the second direction based on a signal reflected from the subject and received by the ultrasonic contact by the ultrasonic scan. Image generating means for generating a tomographic image group, and storing the coordinates of the first and second tomographic image groups,
Display means for displaying the first and second tomographic image groups generated by the image generating means;
Designating means for designating coordinates of a desired first tomographic image in the first tomographic image group;
A coordinate spatially corresponding to the coordinate specified by the specifying means is specified from the second tomographic image group, and a second tomographic image including the specified coordinate is selected from the second tomographic image group. An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus comprising: processing means for displaying on the display means. The ultrasonic contact and the driving means are installed in water in a water tank,
The drive means includes first and second guide bodies for guiding the movement of the ultrasonic contact in first and second directions, and the ultrasonic wave is provided along the first and second guide bodies. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the contact is automatically moved. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic contact is held by a rotation mechanism and rotated 90 ° by the rotation of the rotation mechanism.   4. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the display unit displays the first and second tomographic images including the corresponding coordinates in parallel.

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