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JP2009013369A - Method for preventing scattering of dust - Google Patents

Method for preventing scattering of dust Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2009013369A
JP2009013369A JP2007179684A JP2007179684A JP2009013369A JP 2009013369 A JP2009013369 A JP 2009013369A JP 2007179684 A JP2007179684 A JP 2007179684A JP 2007179684 A JP2007179684 A JP 2007179684A JP 2009013369 A JP2009013369 A JP 2009013369A
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Prior art keywords
dust
mass
scattering
preventing
dusts
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JP2007179684A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shinji Tanaka
真司 田中
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TANAKA KAGAKU KENKYUSHO KK
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TANAKA KAGAKU KENKYUSHO KK
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Priority to JP2007179684A priority Critical patent/JP2009013369A/en
Publication of JP2009013369A publication Critical patent/JP2009013369A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preventing the scattering of dusts to become the causes of various kinds of environmental pollution and of the respiratory diseases. <P>SOLUTION: The method for preventing the scattering of the dusts is characterized by spraying a viscous bonding liquid over the region concerned at the time for the dust to generate in the dust-occurring region. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、粉塵の飛散防止方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a dust scattering prevention method.

我が国においては、春先に春一番と呼ばれる風によって、畑や校庭において激しい砂塵が巻き起こり、周囲の民家などに被害をもたらしている。また、交通量の多い道路においても粉塵が季節を問わず発生し、排気ガスなどと一体となり、環境汚染の1因として、周囲の汚染とともに、呼吸器疾患の1原因ともされている。さらに春から夏にかけて偏西風の影響によりいわゆる黄砂が西日本から東日本にかけて飛来し、粉塵被害をもたらし、さらにこれらの黄砂には有害物質が付着しており、呼吸器疾患の原因の1つとなっていると言われている。   In Japan, the wind called Spring Ichiban in early spring causes intense dust in the fields and schoolyards, causing damage to surrounding private houses. Moreover, even on roads with heavy traffic, dust is generated regardless of the season, and it is integrated with exhaust gas and the like, which is one cause of respiratory diseases as well as surrounding pollution as a cause of environmental pollution. Furthermore, from the spring to summer, so-called yellow sand flies from western Japan to eastern Japan due to the effects of westerly winds, causing dust damage. Furthermore, these yellow sands are attached to harmful substances, which is one of the causes of respiratory diseases. It is said.

上記粉塵被害については、現在のところ有効な粉塵飛散防止技術は開発されていない。従って本発明の目的は、各種環境汚染や呼吸器疾患の原因となる粉塵の飛散防止方法を提供することである。   For dust damage, no effective dust scattering prevention technology has been developed at present. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing dust scattering that causes various environmental pollutions and respiratory diseases.

上記目的は以下の本発明によって達成される。すなわち、本発明は、粉塵発生領域の粉塵発生時期に、当該領域に粘結性液を噴霧することを特徴とする粉塵の飛散防止方法を提供する。   The above object is achieved by the present invention described below. That is, the present invention provides a dust scattering prevention method, characterized by spraying caking liquid onto a dust generation area at the dust generation time.

本発明によれば、粉塵の飛散を抑制し、汚染や呼吸器疾患の発生を抑制することができる。   According to the present invention, dust scattering can be suppressed, and the occurrence of contamination and respiratory diseases can be suppressed.

次に好ましい実施の形態を挙げて本発明をさらに詳しく説明する。本発明の方法が適用される粉塵発生領域としては、我が国では冬〜春の乾燥季における畑や校庭などの広場が挙げられる。これらの領域は、冬〜春にかけて西風(冬期)や南風(春季)によって微細な砂塵が数kmの範囲に飛散する。また、通年の交通量の多い道路面では、道路の摩耗、タイヤの摩耗などによって粉塵が発生し、排気ガスと複合して周囲を汚染し、健康に悪影響を与える。また、海外では中国のタクラマカン砂漠、ゴビ砂漠、黄土高原、その他各地の砂漠などが挙げられ、これらの領域の微細な砂塵は偏西風にのって我が国に飛来し、環境を汚染するとともに、健康に悪影響を与える。   Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments. In Japan, examples of the dust generation area to which the method of the present invention is applied include open spaces such as fields and school yards in the dry season of winter to spring. In these regions, fine sand dusts are scattered in a range of several kilometers from winter to spring due to west wind (winter) and south wind (spring). In addition, on road surfaces with heavy traffic throughout the year, dust is generated due to road wear, tire wear, etc., and is combined with exhaust gas to pollute the surroundings, adversely affecting health. Overseas, the Taklamakan Desert, Gobi Desert, Loess Plateau, and other deserts in China, etc., can be cited.Small dust in these areas flies over the western winds to Japan, polluting the environment and improving health. Adversely affected.

本発明は、上記の如き微細な粉塵は、弱い風であっても遠距離迄飛散するが、微細ではない粉塵の飛散は強風であっても近距離に留まることに着目し、微細粉塵発生領域に、微細粉塵が空中に飛散する時期に、微細粉塵領域に粉塵粘結剤を付与し、微細粉塵を集合させて自重を増やし、微細粉塵の落下速度を速めて空中への飛散を抑制するものであり、環境汚染や呼吸器疾患の発生を抑制するものである。微細粉塵を集合定着させるためには、無機性或は有機性の粘結剤を使用する。   The present invention pays attention to the fact that fine dust as described above scatters to a long distance even in a weak wind, but the scattering of non-fine dust remains in a short distance even in a strong wind. In addition, when a fine dust is scattered in the air, a dust binder is added to the fine dust area, the fine dust is collected to increase its own weight, and the falling speed of the fine dust is increased to suppress the scattering to the air. It suppresses the occurrence of environmental pollution and respiratory diseases. In order to collect and fix fine dust, an inorganic or organic binder is used.

本発明で使用する粘結剤としては、微細粉塵同士の粘結に有効な樹脂または無機粘結性材料などが挙げられる。地球環境を考慮すると、樹脂としては、例えば、ポリ乳酸、酢酸セルロース、ポリヒドロキシ酪酸など、生分解性樹脂が好ましい。無機性の粘結剤としては、例えば、硅酸ソーダ、コロイダルシリカなどの無機性の粘結剤が挙げられる。その他の粘結剤としては、澱粉、糖蜜、ソルビトール、グルコースなどの糖類、グリセリン、エチレングリコールなどの多価アルコールおよびそのエステル類が挙げられる。いずれも毒性、環境ホルモンなど、自然環境への負荷を十分に考慮した粘結剤を使用する。   Examples of the binder used in the present invention include a resin or an inorganic binder material effective for caking between fine dusts. Considering the global environment, the resin is preferably a biodegradable resin such as polylactic acid, cellulose acetate, or polyhydroxybutyric acid. Examples of the inorganic binder include inorganic binders such as sodium oxalate and colloidal silica. Other binders include sugars such as starch, molasses, sorbitol and glucose, polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin and ethylene glycol, and esters thereof. In any case, use a binder that fully considers the burden on the natural environment, such as toxicity and environmental hormones.

具体的には、硅酸ソーダとして3号硅酸ソーダ(日本化学(株)製)、ポリ乳酸(ランディSL−1200、ミヨシ油脂(株)製)、多価アルコール(アルコックスE−30、明成化学工業(株)製)、澱粉(東海澱粉(株)製)、ポリビニルアルコール(クラレポバール、(株)クラレ製)などが挙げられる。   Specifically, No. 3 sodium oxalate (manufactured by Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd.), polylactic acid (Randy SL-1200, manufactured by Miyoshi Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.), polyhydric alcohol (Alcox E-30, Meisei) as sodium oxalate Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), starch (manufactured by Tokai Starch Co., Ltd.), polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray Poval, Kuraray Co., Ltd.) and the like.

上記の如く粘結剤は、水溶液または水分散液として用いる。製造・輸送性などを考慮して原液として濃度10〜50質量%の濃厚液を調製することが好ましく、使用時には噴霧が容易であるように0.01〜10質量%程度に水で希釈して使用する。上記原液には粘結液が粉塵内に滲透し易いように界面活性剤などの滲透剤を加えることができる。   As described above, the binder is used as an aqueous solution or an aqueous dispersion. It is preferable to prepare a concentrated solution having a concentration of 10 to 50% by weight as a stock solution in consideration of production / transportability, etc., and when used, dilute with water to about 0.01 to 10% by weight so that spraying is easy. use. A permeation agent such as a surfactant can be added to the stock solution so that the caking solution can easily permeate into the dust.

上記界面活性剤としては、例えば、毒性、生態系に対する影響などを考慮すると、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエステル、多価アルコールエステルなどの非イオン系界面活性剤、アルキルスルホネート、アルキルサルフェートなどのアニオン界面活性剤が挙げられる。これらの界面活性剤は、上記原液中に5〜30質量%程度加えることが好ましい。   Examples of the surfactant include nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, and polyhydric alcohol ester, alkyl sulfonate, and alkyl sulfate in consideration of toxicity, effects on ecosystems, and the like. And anionic surfactants. These surfactants are preferably added to the stock solution in an amount of about 5 to 30% by mass.

さらに上記原液には、重炭酸ソーダ、硅酸ソーダなど、有害性の少ないアルカリ剤を加えて、粉塵の構造を破壊することにより、粘結効果を促進することができる。このようなアルカリ剤は上記原液中に1〜10質量%程度加えることが好ましい。   Furthermore, the caking effect can be promoted by adding a less harmful alkali agent such as sodium bicarbonate or sodium oxalate to the stock solution to destroy the dust structure. Such an alkaline agent is preferably added to the stock solution in an amount of about 1 to 10% by mass.

上記の原液を水で希釈して粘結剤濃度を0.01〜10質量%程度にした散布液を、粉塵発生時期の粉塵発生領域の上空から、飛行機やヘリコプターにより散布し、微細粉塵に付着させ、水分の蒸発によって粉塵が集合結着され、微細粉塵は集合体となって、重量が重くなり、飛散性が著しく低下することになる。   Disperse the above undiluted solution with water to a binder concentration of about 0.01 to 10% by mass from above the dust generation area at the time of dust generation using an airplane or helicopter and adhere to fine dust Then, dust is collected and bound by evaporation of moisture, and the fine dust becomes an aggregate, which increases in weight and significantly reduces scattering properties.

次に粘結性液(散布液)の実施例を挙げる。
実施例1
・カルボキシメチルセルロース(ダイセル化学(株)製) 1.0質量%
・ポリオキシエチレン(n=10)オレイルエーテル 0.3質量%
・水 98.7質量%
Next, examples of caking liquid (spraying liquid) will be given.
Example 1
・ Carboxymethylcellulose (Daicel Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1.0% by mass
・ Polyoxyethylene (n = 10) oleyl ether 0.3% by mass
・ Water 98.7% by mass

実施例2
・ポリビニルアルコール(クラレポバールPVA−205) 5.0質量%
・アニオン界面活性剤(HostapurSAS-93、クラリアントジャパン(株)製)
0.5質量%
・水 94.5質量%
Example 2
・ Polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray Poval PVA-205) 5.0% by mass
・ Anionic surfactant (HostapurSAS-93, manufactured by Clariant Japan Co., Ltd.)
0.5% by mass
・ Water 94.5% by mass

実施例3
・ポリ乳酸(ランディPL120) 30質量%
・アニオン界面活性剤(HostapurSAS-93、クラリアントジャパン(株)製)
0.5質量%
・水 69.5質量%
Example 3
・ Polylactic acid (Randy PL120) 30% by mass
・ Anionic surfactant (HostapurSAS-93, manufactured by Clariant Japan Co., Ltd.)
0.5% by mass
・ Water 69.5 mass%

実施例4
・多価アルコール(アルコックスE−30) 2.0質量%
・ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノオレエート 0.5質量%
・水 97.5質量%
Example 4
・ Polyhydric alcohol (Alcox E-30) 2.0% by mass
・ Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate 0.5% by mass
・ Water 97.5 mass%

実施例5
・澱粉(東海澱粉(株)製) 10.0質量%
・ポリオキシエチレン(n=10)ラウリルエーテル 0.3質量%
・重炭酸ソーダ 3.0質量%
・水 86.7質量%
Example 5
・ Starch (manufactured by Tokai Starch Co., Ltd.) 10.0% by mass
・ Polyoxyethylene (n = 10) lauryl ether 0.3% by mass
・ Sodium bicarbonate 3.0% by mass
・ Water 86.7 mass%

本発明によれば、粉塵の飛散を抑制し、粉塵飛散による環境汚染や健康被害を抑制することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, scattering of dust can be suppressed and the environmental pollution and health hazard by dust scattering can be suppressed.

Claims (3)

粉塵発生領域の粉塵発生時期に、当該領域に粘結性液を噴霧することを特徴とする粉塵の飛散防止方法。   A dust scattering prevention method, characterized in that a caustic liquid is sprayed on the dust generation area at the dust generation time. 粘結性液が、樹脂の水溶液または水分散液である請求項1に記載の粉塵の飛散防止方法。   The dust scattering method according to claim 1, wherein the caking liquid is an aqueous resin solution or an aqueous dispersion of resin. 粉塵発生領域が、畑、広場、道路または砂漠である請求項1に記載の粉塵の飛散防止方法。   The dust scattering prevention method according to claim 1, wherein the dust generation area is a field, a plaza, a road, or a desert.
JP2007179684A 2007-07-09 2007-07-09 Method for preventing scattering of dust Pending JP2009013369A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009035647A (en) * 2007-08-02 2009-02-19 Daiso Chemical Co Ltd Dust scattering inhibitor and dust treating method
JP2013060604A (en) * 2012-11-30 2013-04-04 Daiso Chemical Co Ltd Dust-scattering inhibitor and dust-processing method
WO2013070016A1 (en) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-16 삼성정밀화학 주식회사 Water soluble macromolecular composition for vibration damping
JP2014080543A (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-08 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Composition for suppressing generation of dust, and hydraulic powder composition
JP2016003256A (en) * 2014-06-16 2016-01-12 国立大学法人信州大学 Dust control material and dust control method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009035647A (en) * 2007-08-02 2009-02-19 Daiso Chemical Co Ltd Dust scattering inhibitor and dust treating method
WO2013070016A1 (en) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-16 삼성정밀화학 주식회사 Water soluble macromolecular composition for vibration damping
JP2014534321A (en) * 2011-11-10 2014-12-18 三星精密化学株式会社Samsung Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. Water-soluble polymer composition for dust removal
RU2610597C2 (en) * 2011-11-10 2017-02-14 ЛОТТЕ Файн Кемикал Ко., Лтд. Water polymer composition for removal of dust
JP2014080543A (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-08 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Composition for suppressing generation of dust, and hydraulic powder composition
JP2013060604A (en) * 2012-11-30 2013-04-04 Daiso Chemical Co Ltd Dust-scattering inhibitor and dust-processing method
JP2016003256A (en) * 2014-06-16 2016-01-12 国立大学法人信州大学 Dust control material and dust control method

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