JP2009012984A - Method and apparatus for manufacturing functional material in power generating installation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a functional material at a low price in power generating installations including a combustion furnace and a fluidized bed furnace to generate electricity. <P>SOLUTION: In a method for manufacturing a functional material in power generating installations including: a combustion furnace 1 in which carbon-based raw material 3 is subjected to fluidized combustion with combustion air 4; a separator 8 into which combustion gas 5 of the combustion furnace 1 is introduced and separated into exhaust gas 6 and solid particles 7; a fluidized bed furnace 12 into which the solid particles 7 separated by the separator 8 are introduced and circulated to the combustion furnace 1 while forming a fluidized bed 10 with fluidization air 9; and a power generating set 18 in which electricity is generated using steam 15 heated with a heat exchanger tube 13 disposed in the fluidized bed furnace 12, particles 22 entrained by the exhaust gas 6 from the separator 8 are separated, the separated entrained particles 22 are separated into soot 25 and ash 26, and a functional material 38 is manufactured using the soot 25. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing a functional material in a power generation facility that can produce a functional material at a low price in a power generation facility that has a combustion furnace and a fluidized bed furnace to generate power. is there.

  For carbon-based functional materials such as activated carbon, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers, techniques for producing natural gas as a raw material have been established.

  However, due to the recent rise in natural gas prices, it has become necessary to produce the functional materials described above from inexpensive raw materials such as coal.

There exists patent document 1 as a method of manufacturing a carbon-type functional material from coal. In Patent Document 1, coal is gasified using oxygen O ₂ , gasified gas is guided to a gas cooler, a steam turbine is driven to generate power, and graphite nanofibers are produced from the gasified gas. Electricity is generated by driving the gas turbine with the surplus gas.
JP 2003-120323 A

However, in Patent Document 1, the coal is gasified with oxygen O _2, the gasification gas are those that produce a functional material such as graphite nanofiber as a raw material, the oxygen O ₂ for gasification The cost of gasification gas as a raw material for producing functional materials despite the use of cheap coal as a raw material for this reason Had the problem of increasing.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and functions in a power generation facility that can produce a functional material at a low price in a power generation facility that has a combustion furnace and a fluidized bed furnace to generate power. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for producing a functional material.

  The present invention introduces a combustion furnace that fluidly burns a carbon-based raw material with combustion air, a separator that introduces combustion gas of the combustion furnace and separates it into exhaust gas and solid particles, and solid particles separated by the separator. In a power generation facility having a fluidized bed furnace configured to circulate solid particles to a combustion furnace while forming a fluidized bed with fluidized air, and a power generation apparatus that generates power with steam heated by a heat transfer tube disposed in the fluidized bed furnace A method for producing a functional material, wherein exhaust entrained particles accompanying the exhaust gas from the separator are separated, and then the separated exhaust entrained particles are separated into soot and ash, and the soot is taken out. The present invention relates to a method for producing a functional material in a power generation facility, wherein the functional material is produced by using the functional material.

  In the method for producing a functional material in the power generation facility, it is preferable to control the amount of soot that is separated and extracted from the exhaust gas by controlling the amount of combustion air supplied to the combustion furnace.

  Further, in the method for producing a functional material in the power generation facility, high-temperature air obtained by heat exchange between exhaust gas and air is used as at least one of combustion air in the combustion furnace and flow air in the fluidized bed furnace. Is preferred.

  In the method for producing a functional material in the power generation facility, the carbon-based raw material may be waste rubber.

  In the method for producing a functional material in the power generation facility, the carbon-based raw material may be coal.

  In the method for producing a functional material in the power generation facility, the carbon-based raw material may be a petroleum residue.

  In the method for producing a functional material in the power generation facility, the carbon-based raw material may be petro coke.

  In the method for producing a functional material in the power generation facility, the carbon-based raw material may be heavy oil.

  The present invention introduces a combustion furnace that fluidly burns a carbon-based raw material with combustion air, a separator that introduces combustion gas of the combustion furnace and separates it into exhaust gas and solid particles, and solid particles separated by the separator. In a power generation facility having a fluidized bed furnace configured to circulate solid particles to a combustion furnace while forming a fluidized bed with fluidized air, and a power generation apparatus that generates power with steam heated by a heat transfer tube disposed in the fluidized bed furnace A functional material manufacturing apparatus for separating exhaust entrained particles accompanying the exhaust gas from the separator, and introducing the exhaust accompanying particles separated by the particle separator into soot and ash The present invention relates to a functional material production apparatus in a power generation facility, characterized by comprising a firewood extraction device and a material production device for producing a functional material by introducing the soot separated by the firewood extraction device.

  In the functional material manufacturing apparatus in the power generation facility, the particle separator is preferably a high-temperature filter.

  Moreover, in the functional material manufacturing apparatus in the power generation facility, it is preferable that the soot take-out device is a wind separator.

  Further, in the functional material manufacturing apparatus in the power generation facility, high-temperature air obtained by exchanging heat between exhaust gas and air is supplied to at least one of combustion air in the combustion furnace and flow air in the fluidized bed furnace. It is preferable to have an air preheater.

  According to the method and apparatus for producing a functional material in the power generation facility of the present invention, the exhaust entrained particles accompanying the exhaust gas are separated from the exhaust gas from which the solid particles are separated from the combustion gas of the combustion furnace by the separator, and then The exhaust entrained particles separated in this way are separated into soot and ash, so that the soot is taken out and the functional material is produced using the soot. The functional material can be produced at low cost by using the soot recovered from the exhaust gas.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example of a functional material manufacturing apparatus in a power generation facility according to the present invention. This power generation facility includes waste rubber such as waste rubber tires supplied by a raw material supply device 2, coal, petroleum residue, petro Combustion furnace 1 in which carbon-based raw material 3 such as coke and heavy oil is burned at high speed by combustion air 4 supplied from below, and combustion gas 5 discharged from combustion furnace 1 is introduced to introduce exhaust gas 6 and solid The separator 8 separated into the particles 7 and the solid particles 7 separated by the separator 8 are introduced to form the fluidized bed 10 by the flowing air 9 supplied from below, and the solid particles 7 are fed through the supply pipe 11. Steam turbine 16 generates steam 15 generated by heat exchange between fluidized bed 10 and water 14 by fluidized bed furnace 12 circulated in combustion furnace 1 and heat transfer pipe 13 disposed inside fluidized bed 10 of fluidized bed furnace 12. To supply And a power generator 18 which generates electric power by the machine 17. The flowing air 9 supplied to the fluidized bed furnace 12 to form the fluidized bed 10 is guided to the dust collector 19 and collected, and then exhausted through the exhaust gas treatment device 20 and the like. .

  In the power generation facility described above, the exhaust gas 6 from which the solid particles 7 are separated by the separator 8 is guided to the particle separator 21 so as to separate the exhaust accompanying particles 22 accompanying the exhaust gas 6. As the particle separation device 21, a high temperature filter (bag filter) or the like can be used. The exhaust gas 6 from which the exhaust entrained particles 22 have been removed by the particle separator 21 is exhausted through an exhaust gas treatment device 23 and the like.

  The exhaust entrained particles 22 separated by the particle separator 21 are guided to a soot takeout device 24, which separates the exhaust entrained particles 22 into soot 25 and ash 26.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of the wind separator 24a as an example of the soot extracting device 24. The wind separator 24a of FIG. 2 has the exhaust entrained particles 22 from the particle separator 21 on the upper part of the device main body 27. It has an inlet 28 for receiving, and exhaust entrained particles 22 introduced from the inlet 28 fall vertically downward in the apparatus main body 27. Further, a gas supply device 30 is provided at a side portion of the apparatus main body 27 so that a classification gas 29 such as air is blown from the lateral direction to the exhaust accompanying particles 22 falling in the apparatus main body 27. As described above, the gas supply device 30 supplies the classification gas 29 having a weak flow rate rectified from the lateral direction to the exhaust entrained particles 22 falling in the apparatus main body 27. 29a is an exhaust outlet.

  At a position directly below the inlet 28 at the lower part of the apparatus main body 27, there is provided a scavenging outlet 32 for taking out the soot 25, which is a relatively heavy particle in the exhaust accompanying particles 22, Ash removal outlets 33 and 34 are sequentially provided on the downstream side (left side in FIG. 2) in the direction in which the classified gas 29 moves with respect to the outlet 32. In the example of FIG. 2, a mixture 35 of soot and ash having an intermediate weight is taken out from the ash outlet 33 and supplied to the combustion furnace 1, and an ash 36 having a light weight is supplied to the ash outlet 34. It is taken out and discarded or used for a required purpose such as raw materials. Although FIG. 2 shows the case where the two ash extraction outlets 33 and 34 are provided and the mixture 35 and the ash content 36 are separately taken out, one circulating particle extraction outlet is provided and falls to the dredging outlet 32. Those other than those may be supplied to the combustion furnace 1 or discarded.

  The scissors 25 dropped and taken out from the scissor outlet 32 of the scissor take-out device 24 are supplied to a material manufacturing device 37, and functional materials such as activated carbon, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, etc. are supplied by the material manufacturing device 37. 38 is manufactured. As the material manufacturing apparatus 37, a granulating apparatus for manufacturing activated carbon or the like, a generation furnace using a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method), or another material synthesis reaction furnace can be used.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, an air preheater 40 for exchanging heat between the exhaust gas 6 from the separator 8 and the air 39 is provided, and hot air 41 obtained by the air preheater 40 is supplied to the combustion furnace 1. At least one of the combustion air 4 and the fluidizing air 9 in the fluidized bed furnace 12 is supplied. 42 is a controller for controlling the supply amount of the combustion air 4 supplied to the combustion furnace 1, and 43 is a controller for controlling the supply amount of the fluidizing air 9 supplied to the fluidized bed furnace 12.

  The operation of the above embodiment will be described.

  In the power generation facility of FIG. 1, carbon-based raw materials 3 such as waste rubber, coal, petroleum residue, petro-coke, and heavy oil are supplied to the combustion furnace 1 and supplied from the lower part of the combustion furnace 1 by the raw material supply device 2. High-speed fluid combustion is performed by the combustion air 4. The combustion gas 5 discharged from the combustion furnace 1 is guided to a separator 8 and separated into exhaust gas 6 and solid particles 7, and the solid particles 7 separated by the separator 8 are introduced into a fluidized bed furnace 12 and supplied from below. The fluidized bed 10 is formed by the fluidized air 9 that is generated, and at this time, the steam 15 generated by the heat transfer tube 13 disposed inside the fluidized bed 10 is supplied to the steam turbine 16 of the power generator 18 to generate power by the generator 17. Is done.

  The exhaust gas 6 from which the solid particles 7 are separated by the separator 8 is guided to a particle separator 21 such as a high-temperature filter (bag filter), and the exhaust gas accompanying particles 22 accompanying the exhaust gas 6 are separated by the particle separator 21. Is done.

  The exhaust entrained particles 22 separated by the particle separation device 21 are guided to the soot removal device 24 and separated into soot 25 and ash 26.

  In the wind power sorter 24a which is the soot extracting device 24 shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust entrained particles 22 separated by the particle separation device 21 are introduced into the device main body 27 from the inlet 28 and fall in the device main body 27. The classification gas 29 having a low flow velocity rectified from the lateral direction by the gas supply device 30 provided on the side of the apparatus main body 27 is supplied, so that the heavy particles in the exhaust accompanying particles 22 are relatively heavy. The dredge 25 falls to the dredging outlet 32, while the soot and ash mixture 35 having an intermediate weight falls to the ash removing outlet 33, and the lightweight ash 36 falls to the ash removing outlet 34. As the soot extraction device 24, various types of devices can be employed. As described above, when the wind power sorter 24a is used, the exhaust entrained particles 22 separated from the exhaust gas 6 can be easily disposed with the soot 25. And ash 26 can be effectively separated, so that the soot 25 having a high carbon concentration can be easily taken out.

  The scissors 25 dropped and taken out from the scissor outlet 32 of the scissor take-out device 24 are supplied to a material production device 37, and the material production device 37 has functions such as activated carbon, carbon black, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, etc. The material 38 is manufactured. At this time, the material manufacturing apparatus 37 may be a granulator for manufacturing activated carbon or the like, a generating furnace using a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method), or another material synthesis reaction furnace.

  Moreover, the soot and ash mixture 35 having an intermediate weight is taken out from the ash removal outlet 33 and supplied to the combustion furnace 1, and the light ash 36 is taken out from the ash removal outlet 34 and discarded, or the raw material. It is used for necessary purposes.

  On the other hand, high-temperature air 41 is obtained by an air preheater 40 that exchanges heat with the exhaust gas 6 from the separator 8, and this high-temperature air 41 is converted into the flow of combustion air 4 in the combustion furnace 1 and fluidized bed furnace 12. Supply to at least one of the working air 9. Thereby, the temperature of the combustion furnace 1 and the fluidized bed furnace 12 can be raised, and thus the temperature of the steam 15 generated by the heat transfer tube 13 can be raised to increase the amount of power generated by the power generator 18.

  In the above configuration, when the amount of combustion air 4 supplied to the combustion furnace 1 is controlled by the controller 42, the amount of soot 25 taken out from the exhaust gas 6 through the particle separation device 21 and the soot takeout device 24 is controlled. Can do. That is, when the supply amount of the combustion air 4 is decreased, the amount of the soot 25 taken out due to the increase of the unburned particles of the carbon-based raw material 3 is increased, so that the combustion air 4 to the combustion furnace 1 is increased. By controlling the supply amount, it is possible to control the supply amount of the basket 25 corresponding to the target production amount of the functional material 38 produced by the material production apparatus 37.

  Also, in recent years, disposal of waste rubber such as waste rubber tires has become a problem. However, according to the present invention, it is possible to take out a large amount of firewood 25 by using waste rubber tires or the like as raw materials. It is possible to simultaneously solve the problem of disposal and the like and manufacturing functional materials with inexpensive raw materials.

  In addition, this invention is not limited only to the said form, Of course, a various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the manufacturing apparatus of the functional material in the electric power generation equipment of this invention. It is a schematic side view of the wind power sorter as an example of a kite take-out device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion furnace 3 Carbonaceous raw material 4 Combustion air 5 Combustion gas 6 Exhaust gas 7 Solid particle 8 Separator 9 Flowing air 10 Fluidized bed 12 Fluidized bed furnace 13 Heat transfer tube 15 Steam 18 Power generation device 21 Particle separation device 22 Exhaust particle 24煤 Extractor 24a Wind separator 25 煤 26 Ash 37 Material production device 38 Functional material 40 Air preheater 41 Hot air

Claims (12)

  Combustion furnace that fluidly burns carbon-based raw materials using combustion air, a separator that introduces combustion gas from the combustion furnace and separates it into exhaust gas and solid particles, and solid particles separated by the separator are introduced and fluidized air A functional material in a power generation facility having a fluidized bed furnace configured to circulate solid particles to a combustion furnace while forming a fluidized bed, and a power generation apparatus that generates power by steam heated by a heat transfer tube disposed in the fluidized bed furnace. A method of manufacturing, separating exhaust entrained particles accompanying the exhaust gas from the separator, and subsequently separating the separated exhaust entrained particles into soot and ash, taking out the soot, and using the soot to provide functionality A method for producing a functional material in a power generation facility, wherein the material is produced.   The method for producing a functional material in a power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein the amount of soot that is separated and extracted from the exhaust gas is controlled by controlling the amount of combustion air supplied to the combustion furnace.   The high-temperature air obtained by exchanging heat between exhaust gas and air is used for at least one of combustion air in the combustion furnace and flow air in the fluidized bed furnace. Production method.   The method for producing a functional material in a power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carbon-based raw material is waste rubber.   The method for producing a functional material in a power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carbon-based raw material is coal.   The method for producing a functional material in a power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carbon-based raw material is a petroleum residue.   The method for producing a functional material in a power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carbon-based raw material is petro coke.   The method for producing a functional material in a power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carbon-based raw material is heavy oil.   Combustion furnace that fluidly burns carbon-based raw materials using combustion air, a separator that introduces combustion gas from the combustion furnace and separates it into exhaust gas and solid particles, and solid particles separated by the separator are introduced and fluidized air A functional material in a power generation facility having a fluidized bed furnace configured to circulate solid particles to a combustion furnace while forming a fluidized bed, and a power generation apparatus that generates power by steam heated by a heat transfer tube disposed in the fluidized bed furnace. A production apparatus, a particle separation device for separating exhaust entrained particles accompanying the exhaust gas from the separator, and a soot removal device for introducing exhaust accompanying particles separated by the particle separation device and separating them into soot and ash A functional material manufacturing apparatus in a power generation facility, comprising: a material manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a functional material by introducing the soot separated by the scissor extraction apparatus.   The apparatus for producing a functional material in a power generation facility according to claim 9, wherein the particle separator is a high-temperature filter.   The apparatus for producing a functional material in a power generation facility according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the firewood extraction device is a wind power sorter. 12. The air preheater according to claim 9, further comprising: an air preheater that supplies high-temperature air obtained by heat exchange between exhaust gas and air to at least one of combustion air in the combustion furnace and fluidization air in the fluidized bed furnace. The manufacturing apparatus of the functional material in the electric power generation facility as described in one.

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