JP2009008722A - 3D head-up display device - Google Patents

Abstract

A three-dimensional head-up display device is realized. This performs visual navigation in accordance with the three-dimensional position of the landmark without shifting the focus of the operator's eyes.
An apparatus for displaying a stereoscopic image by giving parallax to a right eye and a left eye, a parallax between a display surface for displaying stereoscopic image information, and light from the display surface incident on an observer's right eye and left eye A convex lens array that provides light, a large-diameter condensing system that receives light from the convex lens array, and a reflecting surface that reflects light from the large-diameter condensing system toward an observer. The virtual image of the display surface by the aperture condensing system and the reflecting surface is farther for the observer than the virtual image of the display surface by the reflecting surface when the convex lens array and the large aperture condensing system are not provided. The depth information in the vicinity of the position of the virtual image on the display surface is set and provided to the observer with the parallax.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a head-up display capable of three-dimensional display, and relates to a three-dimensional head-up display device that is particularly effective when used by a transport machine, construction machine operator, machine tool operator, or the like. .

  The head-up display device projects information directly in a part of the field of view of the device operator. This device was developed in the aviation field, and is recently being applied to other consumer fields such as automobiles.

  More specifically, in general, this apparatus projects an image on a transparent optical glass plate and displays it on top of the operator's normal field of view. Conventionally, the image is projected on a transparent glass plate or plastic plate using a lens system on a cathode ray tube, a liquid crystal display (LCD), or a plasma panel. At this time, the image is formed at a point at infinity. This is to eliminate the time for changing the focus of the eyes when the user switches the viewpoint. Thus, since the operator can receive various information without switching the field of view, there is an advantage that the occurrence of mistakes can be prevented.

  Head-up displays used in automobiles are projected onto the windshield to provide the driver with information about the automobile itself and information related to safety as an image that forms an image at a distant point in the driver's field of view. . In addition, during surgery in a hospital, an ultrasound image, an X-ray image, an X-ray CT scan image, or an MRI image is projected on a point corresponding to the position of the patient and used as an aid for performing an accurate operation. In some cases.

  The following disclosure can be given as an example of a head-up display relatively close to the present invention. For example, Patent Document 1 (US Pat. No. 3,936,148) discloses a head-up display used for an observer in a moving body such as an aircraft. This provides the observer with a virtual image that appears in the scenery.

  In addition, an example in which a head-up display is configured using an aspheric reflecting surface such as an automobile windshield is disclosed in Patent Document 2 (US Pat. No. 4,961,625). This uses an aspheric lens in the projection device, and constitutes an optical system for projection together with an aspherical reflecting surface such as a windshield.

  Further, Patent Document 3 (US Pat. No. 5,157,549) discloses a film in which a wavelength selective film of light reflected on a windshield of an automobile is formed to prevent reflection of excess light.

  Further, Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-101829) uses a concave mirror, and a head that suppresses the distortion of the virtual image formed in front of the windshield glass by devising the shape of the reflecting surface. An up display is disclosed.

  Patent Document 5 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-170879) discloses a head-up display in which a prism sheet is installed on an optical path from a display device that displays video information to an opening provided in an optical unit. ing.

  Further, the present invention relates to a head-up display that performs three-dimensional display using a convex lens array. For example, the following is disclosed.

  Patent Document 6 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-160355) discloses a stereoscopic image display device capable of displaying a stereo image that allows simultaneous observation by a large number of people without special glasses by using a convex lens array.

  Patent Document 7 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-326610) discloses a three-dimensional image reproducing device using a diffusion volume hologram screen and a convex lens array.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,936,148 US Pat. No. 4,961,625 US Pat. No. 5,157,549 JP 2004-101829 A JP 2004-170879 A JP-A-8-160355 JP 2005-326610 A

  The present invention proposes a head-up display that can display a three-dimensional virtual image in three dimensions.

  According to the present invention, a head-up display device having a more natural display function can be realized. For example, visual navigation such as superimposing character information in accordance with the three-dimensional position of the landmark can be performed without shifting the focus of the operator's eyes.

The present invention provides a three-dimensional head-up display device that displays a stereoscopic image having a depth by giving parallax to the right eye and the left eye, and a display surface that displays stereoscopic image information;
A convex lens array that receives light from the display surface and gives parallax to the right and left eyes of the observer;
A large-diameter condensing system for receiving light from the convex lens array;
A reflective surface that reflects light from the large-diameter condensing system toward the viewer,
The virtual image of the display surface by the convex lens array, the large-diameter condensing system, and the reflecting surface is, for the observer, the display surface by the reflecting surface when the convex lens array and the large-diameter condensing system are not provided. Set farther than the virtual image of
Depth information in the vicinity of the position of the virtual image on the display surface is provided to the observer with the above-described parallax.

  Since the display surface is a display surface that emits light, a display that is conspicuous to the operator can be performed. In addition, if a Fresnel lens is used in the above-mentioned large-diameter condensing system, it is lightweight and can be made slightly small. Further, when the windshield of the driver's seat can be used as the reflecting surface, the number of components can be reduced. Further, in the case where the reflecting surface has a substantially convex lens characteristic, the large aperture condensing system can be assisted or doubled. In this case, since the reflecting surface is an aspherical surface, it is desirable that the large aperture condensing system compensates the effect of the aspherical surface. Further, it is desirable that the display performed on the display surface is a display having a distortion that compensates for the distortion of the optical system, if necessary.

  Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. In this example, the display surface 1 for displaying stereoscopic image information sent from the image controller 10 and the light from the display surface 1 are incident on the front part of the vehicle dashboard or in front of the driver. The convex lens array 2 that gives parallax to the right eye and left eye of the observer 5 that is the hand, the large-diameter condensing system 3 that receives the light from the convex lens array 2, and the light from the large-diameter condensing system 3 described above And a reflection surface 4 that reflects toward the light source 5.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the virtual image 6 of the display surface 1 by the convex lens array 2, the large-diameter condensing system 3, and the reflecting surface 4 is the same as the convex lens array 2 and the large-diameter for the observer 5. The distance is set farther from the virtual image 1 'of the display surface 1 by the reflection surface 4 when the light collecting system 3 is not provided. Here, it can be said that the virtual image 1 ′ is a display surface in the virtual image 9 of the display device using the windshield as the reflection surface 4. In order for the observer 5 to recognize the virtual image 6 as a virtual image, the virtual image generated by each convex lens constituting the lens array 2 is required to be composed of a plurality of pixels, and therefore the diameter of each convex lens is A plurality of pixels need to be large enough to be incident on the eye via the same.

  The three-dimensional information displayed on the display surface 1 is limited to information within the three-dimensional image drawable range 7 by the parallax presentation that is a range in which the perspective can be expressed by the parallax of the right eye and the left eye near the virtual image 6 position. Is desirable. However, it is also possible to display the stereoscopic information at the same time as information that does not provide parallax for the right eye and the left eye.

  Moreover, as an image displayed on said display surface, for example, it is interlocked with GPS11 (global positioning system), and character information and a marker mark are superimposed on the background according to the three-dimensional position of the landmark. Also, by displaying three-dimensional map information such as roads, intersections, and buildings along the roads, it is possible to provide a variety of information in accordance with the substance without requiring the driver to shift the line of sight or eye focus. it can. Alternatively, the driver can be alerted by highlighting the person captured by the infrared camera during night driving.

  The display surface 1 is preferably a flat display that emits light with high luminance.

  Further, if a large-diameter Fresnel lens is used in the above-mentioned large-diameter condensing system, it is lightweight and can be made slightly smaller. In particular, when a mechanism for moving up and down the large-diameter condensing system is attached, it is desirable to make it as light as possible. By reducing the weight, the mechanism can also be reduced in weight. If the focal length of the large aperture condensing system is close to the distance from the large aperture condensing system to the driver via the reflective surface, the distortion will be reduced even if the displayed image is enlarged. Can do. In addition, it is desirable that the lens center of the large-diameter condensing system is located near the line where the light beam extended from the position of the driver's eyes in the direction most closely watched by the driver during the driving is reflected by the reflecting surface. .

  Further, when the windshield of the driver's seat can be used as the reflecting surface, the number of components can be reduced. In this case, it is desirable to attach a reflection assisting film for adjusting the reflectance to the reflection portion of the windshield. However, it is clear that this reflective auxiliary film should not adversely affect driving.

  In addition, when the above-described reflecting surface has a substantially convex lens characteristic, it can also serve as the above-mentioned large-diameter condensing system. In this case, since the reflecting surface is often an aspheric surface, it is desirable that the large aperture condensing system compensates for the effect of the aspheric surface.

  In addition, it is desirable that the display performed on the display surface is a display having distortion that compensates for distortion of the optical system, if necessary.

  Here, the position of the virtual image 6 is desirably adjusted automatically or manually in accordance with the driving conditions and environment of the automobile. For example, when driving at a high speed, the driver pays attention to a distant place, and therefore receives the measurement information of the car, and provides the position of the virtual image 6 farther than when driving at a low speed. Further, when the vehicle travels in a dark environment, the driver tends to gaze at a relatively short distance ahead, and therefore receives the illuminance information outside the vehicle and sets the position of the virtual image 6 in front of it when it is bright. However, in order to adjust the position of the virtual image 6 in this way, for example, the interval between the convex lens array 2 and the large-diameter condensing system 3 is adjusted by receiving the vehicle measurement information and the illuminance information outside the vehicle as described above. A virtual image position control device is used.

  FIG. 3A shows an example of the virtual image position control device. The sensor 12 is a speed sensor or an illuminance sensor. Using the output signal, the controller 13 controls the elevator 14 to change the interval between the convex lens array 2 and the large-diameter condensing system 3 to perform virtual image position control. Is. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the position of the virtual image 6 may be adjusted by moving both the convex lens array 2 and the large-diameter condensing system 3.

Further, instead of moving the lens up and down with an elevator and controlling the position of the virtual image by moving, a plurality of (1a, 1b, 1c) transmissive display surfaces are stacked as shown in FIG. 15 may select one or more display surfaces. By doing in this way, a virtual image can be produced | generated on a single or several display surface, and an image can also be shown on the virtual image surface near the depth of the object to display. It is clear that by further increasing the number of display surfaces, the virtual image setting position can be further increased, and a more natural display can be achieved.

  When the three-dimensional head-up display device of the present invention is used for medical surgery, it is possible to know the position of the patient and the position of the observer using a well-known method. By using this positional relationship, it is possible to superimpose a three-dimensional medical image of the affected area on a patient within the field of view of the three-dimensional head-up display device so as not to become unnatural. For this purpose, it is necessary to construct an image to be displayed on the three-dimensional head-up display device so as to match this positional relationship, but this can be easily performed by a well-known method. This makes it easy for the surgical operator to understand the state of the affected area, and allows the surgical operator to change the working posture while maintaining a natural positional relationship.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the Example of this invention. It is a figure for showing the positional relationship of the virtual image in the structure of FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of a virtual image position control apparatus. It is a figure which shows the example of the apparatus which controls a virtual image position by selecting a display surface from multiple.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 1b, 1c Display surface 1 'Display surface in virtual image 9 of display device by reflecting surface 2 Convex lens array 2' Convex lens array in virtual image 9 of display device by reflecting surface 3 Large aperture condensing system 3 'Display by reflecting surface Large-diameter condensing system in the virtual image 9 of the device 4 Reflecting surface 5 Observer 6, 6a, 6b, 6c Virtual image surface 7 Possible range of 3D image drawing by parallax presentation 8 Gaze 9 Virtual image of display device by reflecting surface 10 Image controller 11 GPS (Global positioning system)
12 Sensor 13 Controller 14 Elevator 15 Switch

Claims (6)

A display surface for displaying stereoscopic image information;
A convex lens array that receives light from the display surface to give parallax to the right and left eyes of the observer;
A large-diameter condensing system for incident light from the convex lens array;
A reflective surface that reflects light from the large-diameter condensing system toward the observer,
The virtual image of the display surface by the convex lens array, the large-diameter condensing system, and the reflecting surface is, for the observer, the display surface by the reflecting surface when the convex lens array and the large-diameter condensing system are not provided. Farther than the virtual image of
A three-dimensional head-up display device, characterized in that the depth information in the vicinity of the position of the virtual image on the display surface is provided to an observer with the above-described parallax.   The three-dimensional head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the display surface is a display surface that emits light.   The three-dimensional head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the large-diameter condensing system is a Fresnel lens.   The three-dimensional head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflection surface is a windshield of a driver's seat.   The three-dimensional head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface also serves as the large-diameter condensing system.   2. The three-dimensional head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface is an aspheric surface, and the large-diameter condensing system compensates for the effect of the aspheric surface.

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